On 2/2/2019 3:06 PM, Magnus Danielson wrote:

  We also used a double integrator
on the 5071A cesium standard, but cesium loops are NOT PLL's.

Indeed, double-integrator in FLL is a separate class of problems.

Didn't know it had double-integrator.

Cheers,
Magnus

The 5061 had an analog double integrator using a $100 op amp.
Maybe Hugh Rice can speak about that.  You have to have the 2nd
integrator to prevent a ramping error term from turning into a
frequency offset instead of getting integrated out.

Rick

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