Am 2022-04-05 22:09, schrieb Mike Monett:
Joseph,

You will find it difficult to get below -170 dBc/Hz. However, you can use
cross-correlation to get as low as -220 dBc/Hz.

Yes, it is not impossible to get these numbers. But it is cheaper to throw dice.

U.Rohde is 30 dB more modest:

"...amplifier certainly has a higher noise figure, as it is driven with more power and there is no improvement possible. There is an optimum condition and some of the measurements showing ‐190dBc/Hz do not seem to match the theoretical calculations. The correlation allows us to look below KT, but the noise contribution below KT is as useful as finding one gold atom in your body’s
blood. This gold atom has no contribution to your system."

taken from the conclusion of "Phase Noise Measurements and its Limitations – Sent to MWJ – for publication in April 2013 issue"

Gerhard





Rubiola is a wealth of information on cross-correlation. You can download
his papers at

  http://rubiola.org/index.html

See "The cross-spectrum experimental method, February 2010"

See also measurements by John Ackerman:

  http://www.febo.com/pages/cross-correlation/

MRM
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