I can't find much information about that, but it looks like "Lifeline
Assistance" is what you're talking about, correct? I get the impression that
this involves the government giving poor people phones and phone service at
no charge. But you say your parents bought it for you, so which is it?
If you're unable to support yourself and want to be independent, I think your
first priority should be that.
As for those examples of what they might say, I would respond thusly:
"Where's your phone?" -> I left it at home.
"I know you're trying to ditch your phone!" -> Yes, that is correct.
"Why don't you have your phone?" -> I don't want to have it because it's a
portable telescreen that also tracks my movement.
"This wouldn't have happened if you had your phone!" -> Oh, well.*
"Could you please just use your phone? This is taking way longer without it."
-> It's OK, I'll do it myself.*
* If it's others you are inconveniencing by not using a phone, I would
suggest it is your responsibility to shift that burden onto yourself. I would
need a specific example to say exactly how you should go about that, though.