>> Forcing the syntax to Syntax.syntaxARQ is mandatory because >> client-side federation is a ARQ-specific feature. > > Only in very old versions of ARQ - SERVICE is part of SPARQL 1.1
As far as I understand, SERVICE in SPARQL 1.1 is server-side federation. And you have no way to federate with local data. Whereas Syntax.syntaxARQ forces Jena-ARQ to be the federation query planner. And each SPARQL endpoint receives a part of the query with variables correctly pre-bound and no SERVICE keyword. Is that right?