Hi John: To answer your two questions:
- Emphatically No - Huh? J I will go into greater detail about what temperature is when replying to Bob’s response… But to answer your second question, what is ‘hot’ ??? That’s an imprecise and relative word… Start out with any atom which is at 0K, in other words, at its lowest energy state. In my model, electrons and protons are an oscillation of some kind. At this lowest energy state, these oscillators will have *very precise* frequencies and phase relationships between them. Here’s another clue as to what this state is like: ---------------- http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2012/06/08/theorem-unifies-superfluids-and-other-weird-materials/ “In Bose-Einstein condensates, for example, “you start with a thin gas of atoms, cool it to incredibly low temperature — nanokelvins — and once you get to this temperature, atoms tend to stick with each other in strange ways,” Murayama said. “They have this funny vibrational mode that gives you one Nambu-Goldstone boson, and this gas of atoms starts to become superfluid again so it ***CAN FLOW WITHOUT VISCOSITY FOREVER.***” And this is a MOST important statement to understand what we are dealing with: "One characteristic of states with a low Nambu-Goldstone boson number is that very little energy is required to perturb the system. Fluids flow freely in superfluids, and **atoms vibrate forever in Bose-Einstein condensates with just a slight nudge.*** " ---------------- These are CLUES as to what we are really dealing with when it comes to atoms/electrons/protons when NOT complicated by heat… heat is NOT the norm in the universe. This is where we should have started when trying to come up with theories to describe atoms and the subatomic particles… however, living in a world bathed in heat from the sun, our theories had to deal with the disorder caused by a multitude of heat quanta jumping around from atom to atom like a hot potatoes game; each person is an atom, and the hot potatoes are the heat quanta… My goal with Dr. Storms, and with The Collective, is to get an accurate (or at least better) picture/understanding of what the ‘conditions’ are inside the NAE/voids/microcavities. I would wager that it is very different from what most are thinking… and if I’m right, then trying to apply modern mainstream theories to how atoms are behaving inside the NAE is not going to be successful. It’s a very different universe in there, with a very different set of ‘rules’… -mark iverson From: John Berry [mailto:berry.joh...@gmail.com] Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 11:04 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Can an atom have a temperature between its different parts? Is an atom that is excited and about to emit a photon not quite hot? On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 6:09 PM, David Roberson <dlrober...@aol.com> wrote: I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -----Original Message----- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint <zeropo...@charter.net> To: vortex-l <vortex-l@eskimo.com> Sent: Mon, Dec 29, 2014 10:54 pm Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain to Dr. Storms, and although I think he realizes my point had merit, he glossed right over it and went off on a different tangent. This was in a vortex discussion about 9 to 12 months ago. The point is this: The ‘temperature’ inside a ‘void’ in a crystal lattice is most likely that of the vacuum of space; i.e, absolute zero, or very close to it. Because, temperature is nothing more than excess energy imparted to atoms from neighboring atoms; atoms have temperature; space/vacuum does not. Without atoms (physical matter), you have no temperature. In a lattice void, if it is large enough (whatever that dimension is), there is NO ‘temperature’ inside since the void contains no atoms. If an atom diffuses into that void, it enters with whatever energy it had when it entered, so it has a temperature. At this time, I have not heard any discussion as to whether the atoms which make up the walls of the void shed IR photons which could get absorbed by an atom in the void and increase its temperature, however, would that atom want to immediately shed that photon to get back to its lowest energy level??? So voids in crystals likely provide an ideal environment for the formation of BECs. -mark iverson ARTICLE BEING REFERENCED Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v9/n1/full/nphoton.2014.304.html Abstract “Two-dimensional atomic crystals of graphene, as well as transition-metal dichalcogenides, have emerged as a class of materials that demonstrate strong interaction with light. This interaction can be further controlled by embedding such materials into optical microcavities. When the interaction rate is engineered to be faster than dissipation from the light and matter entities, one reaches the ‘strong coupling’ regime. This results in the formation of half-light, half-matter bosonic quasiparticles called microcavity polaritons. Here, we report evidence of strong light–matter coupling and the formation of microcavity polaritons in a two-dimensional atomic crystal of molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) embedded inside a dielectric microcavity at room temperature. A Rabi splitting of 46 ± 3 meV is observed in angle-resolved reflectivity and photoluminescence spectra due to coupling between the two-dimensional excitons and the cavity photons. Realizing strong coupling at room temperature in two-dimensional materials that offer a disorder-free potential landscape provides an attractive route for the development of practical polaritonic devices.”
