With regard to excited electrons in non-s-shell orbitals, keep in mind the
precession of the orbital around the atomic center. I presume it will cause
a p-shell orbital to assume the shape of a torus.  It's like a quickly
spinning propellor -- imagine trying to get such a propellor to mesh with
another, similar propellor.

With regard to rydberg levels in general, keep in mind the dipole blockade
effect, in which one atom with an excited electron will prevent nearby
atoms from being in a similar state. [1] Imagine rubidium atoms trapped in
an optical trap.  Several of them might be excited to rydberg levels, whose
electrons extend out in exaggerated orbitals sufficiently far out to
encompass other atoms nearby.  These excited electrons keep the other atoms
in the ground state.

I have doubts about the rigor of research on purporting to demonstrate
rydberg matter.

Eric


[1] http://www.cqed.org/spip.php?article95&lang=fr

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