First, PP fusion is not possible on earth. It can only occur deep inside the cores of stars where the mass of protium reactants is huge.
The roll of hydrogen in the LENR reaction is to promote the nanoplasmonic reaction enabled by a irregular micro surface such as cracks, pits and holes. Fusion and fission of elements does happen in the LENR reaction as witnessed by the evidence of transmutation. But any energy that is produced by these nuclear reactions is hidden from reality because of time dilation. https://youtu.be/Bg9MVRQYmBQ time dilation is a result of general relativity, The flow of time inside the LENR reaction almost always produces stable nuclear reactants in ash while it is hiding that energy and particle so produced from reality. Only when the LENR reaction is terminated is energy released by the LENR reaction. Sometimes rarely, only when a polariton Bose condensate is not formed in a very weak LENR reaction when the density of polariton formation is very low will gamma, neutrons and other particles emirate from the LENR reaction. On Sun, Jul 14, 2019 at 2:46 PM JonesBeene <[email protected]> wrote: > *From: *Jed Rothwell <[email protected]> > > > > - I assume there is one fundamental cause of cold fusion in all > systems. It is the same thing in all cases. This is similar to saying that > fission is the same in reactors and bombs, although it looks and acts quite > different. > > > > This “one fundamental cause” could be the problem – you are tied to an > assumption which is not proved. The fission analogy is not useful. > > > > Of course such a basic logical error would hinder anyone’s ability to look > beyond the limitations of the P&F effect – aka “cold fusion”. In fact in > the earlier Mizuno work with nickel at higher pressure - cited in an older > thread here - where Mizuno uses both protium and deuterium in different > comparative runs at higher pressure - he gets actually better results > (more excess heat) from protium than with deuterium. You cannot deny this > result. > > > > To me this is solid evidence direct from Mizuno that there is more than > “one fundamental cause” to excess heat – one being fusion and the other > being very different; and thus all future devices must recognize that > nuclear fusion is not required for excess heat. This is actually highly > desirable as "fusion” alone opens the regulatory doors for all kinds of > unnecessary government intrusion. > > > > Bottom line is that at least two fundamental causes of excess heat exist. > Possibly more. One is nuclear fusion seen in electrolysis where typically > lithium and high loading play a role. Another cause is a non-fusion > reaction with nickel as the reactant, low loading is desirable, and no > lithium is needed. > > > > A third possible reaction also acknowledged by Mizuno (and by Ed Storms) > is sequential cluster formation with its signature radiation of 630 eV. > That third one alone could be used for excess heat without the other two. > > > > The nickel reaction works with either hydrogen or deuterium and to confuse > things it is probably based on a “nuclear coupling” of some kind - (mass > converted into energy) but it is not “nuclear fusion.” > > > > It is pretty clear that both or all three fundamental causes for gain are > valid over a thirty year history, and very different from each other - and > no one knows this more clearly than Mizuno as it stands out prominently > from his earlier papers. > > > > Jones > > > > > > > > > > > > >
