Joshua Cude wrote:
You only get a stable water/steam mixture in a closed vessel (a
teapot).
Why? If it takes say 1 kW to raise the temperature of the flowing
water to 100C, and then you supply 1.5 kW (using only and electric
heater), then only part of the flowing water will get converted to
steam, and you will have to have a mixture of liquid and gas coming out.
It is hard to arrange things so it transfers just enough heat to bring
the temperature up to boiling, and boils some of the water in the time
it takes the water to transit the hot surface. You can get it below that
a little, or above it, but manually adjusting the flow rate or input
power just right to hit that level is tough. (As I said, doing it with
computer control is a piece of cake.)
It usually ends up at ~95°C, as I said. That's what you see in data from
people who run flow calorimetry close to boiling.
Let's look at the facts here:
1. Rossi did not adjust the flow at all. Krivit would have said if he did.
2. Rossi did not adjust the input power. Krivit would seen this, too.
3. The video shows some steam coming out of the 3 m hose.
4. Input power was ~800 W.
5. The flow rate was ~7 L/h = ~1.9 g/s
So the only way for Rossi to make it produce a little steam and a lot of
hot water would be for him to adjust the anomalous heat output. It would
be a miracle if Rossi has such good control over the anomalous heat that
he can push the temperature up to 99°C and have mostly liquid water go
through plus a little steam. If he can do that, he has truly mastered
cold fusion! And if he can do that, why not just vaporize the whole
stream of water?
I realize you do not think there is any anomalous heat. You think the
electric power input balances the heat output. That is barely possible
with this test, assuming you can magically transfer all of the heat to
the water without heating the vessel. But in previous tests the input
power was lower and the water temperature would only be 60°C so there
must have been anomalous heat.
I realize you think there is some sort of trick or fraud at work, and
the input power was really larger than shown. But let me suggest that
for you assume for the sake of argument there were no tricks. Without
tricks, there had to be anomalous heat in previous test runs, as I said.
And with this run, ~800 W input and 1.9 ml/s flow rate, assuming not one
joule of heat radiated from the cell and it remained miraculously at
room temperature . . .
800 W = 190 calories per second. To bring 1.9 g from 25°C to 99°C takes
140 calories. That leaves 50 calories to vaporize some of the remaining
water: 0.09 grams, to be exact. Not much! I don't think you could see
0.09 g/s of vapor. Do you? How much do you think would reach the end of
the 3 m hose?
In real life we know the cell got hot. It would have to get hot. There
is no chance any of the water would vaporize with only ~800 W input. You
would not any steam at all. Even with this high input power, any steam
at all is proof there is anomalous heat.
- Jed
