Peter Heckert <[email protected]> wrote:
> Can you suggest a way to deliberately introduce such a small gap? Perhaps >> with a thin piece of paper instead of an air gap? >> > A thin piece of plastics. This is also good for electrical isolation. > Like Saran wrap? (What you wrap sandwiches with.) I will try it on a copper pipe. > Your other assertions about bubbles of air in the pipe are untrue. The >> metal of a steel or copper pipe averages out the temperature quite nicely. >> > Yes, this is true. And if there is another heat source nearby, the pipe > will average this also ;-) Nope. Not upstream or downstream very far. The air trapped in the pipe has only a tiny thermal mass and it is the same temperature as the water so it cannot affect things. In an axial area whole pipe is the same temperature, even if there is air in part of it. That is what you see with Miles' calorimeter, which is essentially a copper pipe open at the top. Fig. 4, p. 55: http://lenr-canr.org/acrobat/MilesManomalousea.pdf If you measure the temperature of a pipe with a great deal of water flowing through it a short distance from a hot boiler, the water temperature predominates. I expect that Miles and others had installed the thermoelement in an > equilibrium place without heatgradient as required. > He installed several thermocouples at various locations in the copper sheath. They all registered the same temperature to better than 0.01°C as I recall. The copper "acts as an integrator" as Miles puts it. In this system the heat all originates at the cathode. That is true whether there is excess heat or only electrochemical heat. There is no active stirring (no magnetic stirrer). - Jed
