Jones--
However,
1. Static magnetic fields should align particles with a magnetic moment.
2. The strength of the field should separate the energy level levels for
spin associated with the system.p
3. These spin states would fix the resonant oscillations of a magnetic
field that would couple with the system for additional energy--much like in
NRM technology.
4. Other coupling via electric dipole moments and quadrapole moments may
also be possible for the system and allow devising a scheme for adding
resonantly coupled E -M
energy. The added energy would excite the system and provide energy for a
transition reaction to a more stable state with excess energy being
distributed to the system's metal matrix.
Bob
-----Original Message-----
From: Jones Beene
Sent: Tuesday, February 18, 2014 8:14 AM
To: [email protected]
Subject: RE: [Vo]:Re: The Rossi effect as an Inverted Mossbauer Effect
y
Apologies for the typos in the previous hasty message...
To follow up on a few details related to NMR/Mossbauer in nickel - and to
include one recently learned tidbit of information:
Iron-57 is 2.2% of natural iron and has spin of ½ and nuclear magnetic
moment of .09 and a resonance transition frequency of 14.4 keV
Nickel-61 is 1.13% of natural nickel has a spin of 3/2 and a nuclear
magnetic moment of .75 and a resonance transition frequency of 67.4 keV
The new information, which could be relevant, is that nickel has a known
x-ray resonance level at 8.4 keV. This level could have avoided detection in
the Rossi experiments and others, barely. It is apparently an octave removed
from the Mossbauer resonance.
The question arises as to the low percentage of Ni-61 in natural nickel and
whether that 1% would be too low - unless it was enriched.
I do not know, but consider that Uranium with a percentage of less than 1%
fissile, will support a neutron chain reaction - which is only a metaphor,
but the question then would be whether the x-ray dynamics in nickel exist
with which to support a limited photon chain reaction, which is in phase
with a superradiant thermal spectrum in the far infrared. For me, this
Mossbauer hypothesis is a diversion and a waste of time without
consideration of IR semi-coherence in the FIR, which is the overriding
factor.
That overlap seems to be where an inverted Mossbauer effect is going, if
there is anything to it: which is a photon chain reaction, which is inverted
to the extent that very intense and semi-coherent IR radiation stimulates
nuclear resonance at a higher, but undetectable level, such as 8.4 keV.
If anything, the new information adds to the likelihood that something of
the sort is remotely possible. It is still remote.
_____________________________________________
Arnaud,
First, off - I am not an expert in NMR and that is why I have been
quizzing Bob Cook about a subject that came up as far back as 1990 - in an
effort to explain the excess energy of LENR - and the lack of detectability
of gamma radiation.
Generally speaking, an isotope - usually with odd numbered amu such
as iron-57 or nickel-61, can permit a limited kind of "photon chain
reaction" of moderate energy photons due to a loss-free (recoilless)
absorption/emission nuclear property, and this would be especially true
within an "exciton" of the host metal.
I'm guessing that since the role of 57Fe is well-known in
spectroscopy, you are really asking how a corresponding nickel isotope
nickel participates in a similar reaction, where we are interested in bulk
energy effects and not subtle physical effects which are illuminated by the
coherence.
That bulk effect, if it exists - would be the "inverted" reaction.
Of course, the reaction must involve photons below the detection limit -
since no gamma is detected. It would also probably need to involve infrared
coherence, and the idea is that in an inverted reaction there can be
frequency upshifting so two widely separated spectra are locked in phase.
In nickel at 350 degrees C, the nuclei will be moving chaotically
due to thermal motion, but not as chaotically if there is IR coherence
(superradiance) at near 10 THz. This part has actually been detected by NASA
but not the rest of the hypothesis. A moderate energy photon, of the
Mossbauer type - but below the detection limit of about 4 keV interacts
with, or is emitted by a nucleus which has a spread of vibrational values,
and there is a the Doppler effect. This photon can be called a gamma ray,
since it is of nuclear origin, but because the energy level must be low to
avoid detection - the terminology is x-ray. This is all hypothetical of
course.
Problem is: and may you realize this - the known value for nickel-61
of a resonant photon is 67.4 keV which would have been detected in the Rossi
experiment. Therefore either there is either a second active Mossbauer
isotope, or a lower level resonance, below the detectability level. Of more
likely - the inverted Mossbauer effect is a fiction.
Anyway, to produce a resonant third signal, the two energies - the
main x-ray photon and Doppler shifted photon need to overlap at the IR
resonance (this signal will be in the range of FIR - far infrared at about
5-30 THz). Thus a putative inverted system would be in limited photon/phonon
coherence and possess a limited photon/phonon chain reaction capability at
some level which is not detectable by normal Geiger/radiation meters.
To backtrack, what Mössbauer discovered is that when the atoms are
within a solid matrix the effective mass of the nucleus is very much
greater. The recoiling mass is now effectively the mass of the whole system
and if the photon energy is small enough the recoil of the nucleus is too
low to be transmitted as a phonon and so the whole system recoils as if it
were coherent and it can be actually coherent in the IR range if the
blackbody peak is narrowed.
In the inverted version, presumably the resonance will allow FIR
energy to resonate as if the whole system were coherent and this will be
upshifted to a level felt by the nucleus (low keV). However, to my thinking
this does not work at 67.4 keV so the whole theory falls apart.
As you will notice, this suggestion has not been well-vetted - even
after 24 years, so take it for what it's worth.
Jones
