ok, i've tried what you suggested but on response.meta.keywords:

        list(response.meta.keywords).append(', '+c.keywords if c.keywords 
else "")

which does not except out, but when i view the final html code in the 
browser, web2py still returns:

<meta name="keywords" content="<map object at 0x7f42e140f9d0>">

on the new centos 8.2 server.  BUT on the old centos 7.6 it returns the 
proper string of keywords.

On Thursday, September 3, 2020 at 6:52:07 AM UTC-4 lucas wrote:

> maybe i didn't explain what happened here.  i've been running web2py on a 
> centos 7.6 server with python 2.7.5.  i created a brand new server with 
> centos 8.2 with python 3.8.0.  both servers are running web2py 2.20.4. 
>  when i copy the application code from the centos 7.6 to the new centos 8.2 
> and run the code the application excepts out on the response.meta.keywords 
> = "some string" because its of <type 'map'> whereas on the centos 7.6 is of 
> <type 'list'> where the += "some string" appends to the list.
>
> it doesn't make sense because web2py is the same version on both servers 
> and for the object to change type so much is confusing.  and map isn't a 
> real thing in python because when i read about it, it always points to type 
> dict.
>
> On Wednesday, September 2, 2020 at 10:58:00 PM UTC-4 lucas wrote:
>
>>
>> no, i tried all those tests.  when i simply do return 
>> BODY(type(response.meta.keywords)) it returns 'map'.
>> On Wednesday, September 2, 2020 at 7:07:13 PM UTC-4 villas wrote:
>>
>>> I may have an older version,  but I imagine that response.meta.keywords 
>>> is still just a string.
>>> It may be  c.keywords  is type map?
>>> I think type map would be an iterator which you can convert to a list.
>>> Once you've used it,  it's gone.
>>>
>>> So, did you try something like on e of these?:  
>>> response.meta.keywords =  ', '.join( c.keyword) )  # if it's a list
>>> or
>>> response.meta.keywords =  ', '.join( list( c.keywords)  )  # convert 
>>> map to a list
>>> or 
>>> response.meta.keywords =  ', '.join(  [ i[0] for i in list(c.keyword)] 
>>> )  # it may be a list of lists
>>>
>>> Sorry, but as you can see,  my motto is simply 'try everything until it 
>>> works'!
>>> You may wish to read up about the map function and iterators if this is 
>>> a new concept.
>>>
>>>
>>> On Wednesday, 2 September 2020 at 16:16:09 UTC+1 lucas wrote:
>>>
>>>> very simply, i'm trying to add keywords of type string to the 
>>>> response.meta.keywords, which used to be of type string and now its of 
>>>> type 
>>>> map, which exceptions out as above.
>>>>
>>>> i've also tried appending to the list like 
>>>> "response.meta.keywords.append("some string here")" and I've tried 
>>>> treating 
>>>> like a dictionary like, "response.meta.keywords['variable name'] = 
>>>> "keyword 
>>>> string"" and both blew up with an exception also.  very strange change of 
>>>> response.meta.keywords.
>>>>
>>>> On Wednesday, September 2, 2020 at 10:39:37 AM UTC-4 villas wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> I'm not sure what you are doing exactly but you seem to have created a 
>>>>> map iterator.  Maybe you could convert that to a list?  You might be able 
>>>>> to work with it more easily.  Something like this:   
>>>>> list( response.meta.keywords )
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> On Wednesday, 2 September 2020 at 12:52:27 UTC+1 lucas wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>> in fact, when i inspect the head of the final html in the browser, 
>>>>>> w2p doesn't return a string at all, in fact it returns a reference to an 
>>>>>> object:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> <meta name="keywords" content="<map object at 0x7f693a6a98e0>">
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On Tuesday, September 1, 2020 at 10:03:28 PM UTC-4 lucas wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>> hello one and all,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> its been a while since i've been on here.  that is a good sign for 
>>>>>>> my sites have been working great.  love python and web2py.  ok, so, i'm 
>>>>>>> slowing porting to python 3.8 from 2.7.  still constant on web2py 
>>>>>>> 2.20.4. 
>>>>>>>  do i had some code under a controller that looks like:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> response.meta.keywords += (', '+c.keywords if c.keywords else "")
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> and it errors saying that "TypeError(unsupported operand type(s) 
>>>>>>> for +=: 'map' and 'str')".  after a bit of investigation i found 
>>>>>>> that response.meta.keywords is of type "map" instead of it used to 
>>>>>>> being a 
>>>>>>> string.  i'm obviously concatenating strings above.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> what the heck is type "map" and how's that work with keywords?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> lucas
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>

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