Joe, I suppose for those who want to use a narrow (e.g. 30 minutes or less) 
grayline duration to try to catch a true grayline opening (when the entire path 
is aligned along the sunrise/sunset terminator), then it should probably be 
D-region sunset. In my case, at 40deg N, I am using 120 minute duration so it’s 
not going to make much difference.

BTW, I haven’t checked to see if the program does something sane when there is 
no sunrise or no sunset.
Steve

> On Jun 6, 2015, at 8:54 AM, Joe Taylor <j...@princeton.edu> wrote:
> 
> Hi Bill, Steve, and all,
> 
>> Remove redundant Fortran function
>> 
>> lib/hopping.f90 has been superceded by  C/C++ code except for the call
>> to grayline() which is now called directly. 
>> http://sourceforge.net/p/wsjt/wsjt/5545/
> 
> Thanks for all the recent good additions to WSPR-mode functionality. 
> I've been temporarily buried in thinking about EME Echo mode...
> 
> The commit comment about my grayline() routine reminded me that I wanted 
> to seek input on how our grayline range should be defined.
> 
> As a placeholder, in the present routine grayline.f90 I defined the 
> grayline to be centered at the time when the sun is 50 arc minutes 
> (0.8333 deg) below the local horizon.  This is normally taken to be the 
> time of sunrise or sunset.  Of course, for ionospheric propagation 
> purposes what matters is whether the sun illuminates a specific layer of 
> the ionosphere.  The end of D-layer illumination occurs when the sun is 
> something like 6.6 deg below the horizon.  (The end of F-layer 
> illumination more like 14.2 deg below the horizon, but I think it's 
> D-layer absorption that we're most concerned eith here.)
> 
> So...  would it be better to center our grayline periods at the times 
> when the sun is about 6 degrees below the horizon -- also the end time 
> of what's normally taken to be "civil twilight" ?
> 
>       -- Joe, K1JT
> 
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