Hi Greg, >> Just created a snapshot of my servers and then did: >> apt autoremove >> apt purge >> apt clean >> and I still have a working system so it will not just get rid of all >> installed packages. :-) But... I still also have all those folders in >> /usr/lib/modules
> It seems like you're just trying random commands without understanding what > they do. Oh, I pretty much understood what they would do. ;-) Which is why I had no problem trying them just to see if they indeed did what I expected. And also to prove to all the others nothing earth shattering would happen. :-) > "apt autoremove" will remove (not purge) packages [....] Thanks for the better explanation, that is what I understood as well. > One imagines that if you simply purged all of the kernel packages that had > been autoremoved, this would clean up the modules. Yes, that would seem to be prudent but I also do not understand why the modules would be left behind? As far as I understand they are the module part of the kernel. Without the kernel they are useless. Why not treat them as part of the kernel. When I remove the kernel, remove the modules. > But I'm not 100% sure about that. If you've got modules that were built by > dkms for example, I don't know whether those would be removed. As I use the apt and (apt-get) exclusively for package management I would like them to clean up what I do not need when I tell it to clean it up. > It would be nice to know whether you had to do this "rm -r" because the "dpkg > --purge linux-image-5.10.0-16-amd64" failed to remove the modules, or whether > you simply did not KNOW to try the dpkg --purge first. Look here: ------<Quote>--------------------- xxxxxx:~# cd /usr/lib/modules xxxxxx:/usr/lib/modules# ll total 56 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 19 2022 5.10.0-10-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 19 2022 5.10.0-11-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 17 2022 5.10.0-12-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 2022 5.10.0-13-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 12 07:40 5.10.0-15-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 12 07:40 5.10.0-16-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 17 2022 5.10.0-18-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Nov 2 2022 5.10.0-19-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 3 16:51 5.10.0-20-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 3 09:40 5.10.0-21-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Apr 29 13:18 5.10.0-22-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 13 2021 5.10.0-7-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 24 2022 5.10.0-8-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 11 2022 5.10.0-9-amd64 xxxxxx:/usr/lib/modules# dpkg --purge linux-image-5.10.0-7-amd64 (Reading database ... 57231 files and directories currently installed.) Purging configuration files for linux-image-5.10.0-7-amd64 (5.10.40-1) ... xxxxxx:/usr/lib/modules# ll total 52 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 19 2022 5.10.0-10-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 19 2022 5.10.0-11-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jun 17 2022 5.10.0-12-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 29 2022 5.10.0-13-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 12 07:40 5.10.0-15-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 12 07:40 5.10.0-16-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 17 2022 5.10.0-18-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Nov 2 2022 5.10.0-19-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 3 16:51 5.10.0-20-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 3 09:40 5.10.0-21-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Apr 29 13:18 5.10.0-22-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 24 2022 5.10.0-8-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 11 2022 5.10.0-9-amd64 xxxxxx:/usr/lib/modules# ------<Quote>--------------------- So it seems using the dpkg --purge against the removed kernel version is the proper way(?) to get rid of the kernels. But I still think this should be part of the apt autoremove for kernels. I understand there are circumstances where not al modules assigned to a kernel version are part of the kernel. But... would they be of any use when that kernel version is no longer installed? Bonno Bloksma
