This week's stories:

Only one in five year 12 students who go to university next year will
receive the Federal Government's youth allowance, forcing many to forgo 
the opportunity, a new report reveals.

Using previously unpublished Centrelink figures, the Centre for 
Population and Urban Research at Monash University found that in 2001 
only 21 per cent of full-time students under the age of 19 received the 
youth allowance, down from 33 per cent in 1998.

The centre's director, Bob Birrell, said yesterday they were the most 
recent figures available, but it was likely "that the situation was 
getting worse".

The situation could worsen if the Federal Government went ahead with
reported plans to allow universities to set higher fees as part of its
restructure of the higher education sector.

In some countries where fees have been deregulated student costs have
spiralled - in some cases by 14 times the rate of inflation.

(The Age, May 7).


George Bush's surprise announcement of $15 billion in funds over the 
next five years may have been misleading, and intended to extend 
America's policy of withholding aid from countries that have liberal 
policies on abortion.

Director of the Africa Action aid agency, Salih Booker, told the Nation
magazine that the package was a triumph of "Arthur Andersen-style
accounting".

On Mr Bush's first day in office, he reinstated the "global gag rule", 
which forbids any foreign recipient of family planning funds from even 
using the word 'abortion', regardless of the law on abortion in that 
country and even when they use their own money.  A message in early 2003 
sent to USAID fund managers worldwide regarding AIDS prevention 
emphasised abstinence and directs that, "All operating units should 
review their own websites and any websites fully or partially funded by 
USAID to ensure the appropriateness of the material."

In the US, the National Cancer Institute put out a fact sheet that 
referred to a rumour, believed to have been deliberately started by 
anti-abortion groups, that abortion increases the risk of breast cancer. 
  The original version of the fact sheet said that there was no 
evidence, a revised version said that research was inconclusive.

A television commercial funded by a local government shows a dad telling 
his son to use condoms followed by a voiceover warning, "Condoms will 
not protect people from many sexually transmitted diseases, and you 
could be spreading lies to your children." Counselors and teachers say 
that some teenagers, including one who was an active intravenous drug 
user, said they no longer bothered using condoms because they'd heard on 
TV they didn't work.

Teachers are being directed to adhere to the Federal Definition of
Abstinence-Only Education, which requires that a program teach, among 
other things, that "a mutually faithful monogamous relationship in the 
context of marriage is the expected standard of human sexual activity" 
and that any other sexual activity "is likely to have harmful 
psychological and physical effects." By law, teachers cannot "promote or 
endorse" condoms or show adolescents how to use them, nor can they 
recognize any relationship outside of heterosexual marriage.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) fact sheet on 
condoms was removed from the website in July 2001 and replaced with a 
new version in December 2002. Pre-Bush, the fact sheet had pointed out 
that "the primary reason that condoms sometimes fail," read the original 
fact sheet, "is incorrect or inconsistent use, not failure of the 
condoms itself." The factsheet had a guide on using condoms, which has 
been removed.  Also removed was a summary of several large studies of 
teenagers that found no increase or hastening of sexual activity among 
those who were taught about condoms.


A study has found unprecedented rates of mental illness among young 
asylum seekers.

The study of 10 families found that just one child out of a total of 22
children and 14 adults was not suffering a major depression.

Some were suicidal, and had harmed themselves. Some were also suffering 
from post traumatic stress disorders, which started, or worsened, during 
their detention.

"There isn't a cohort of children as distressed as this group that we 
have been able to find anywhere in the medical literature in the world," 
said clinical pyshologist Zachary Steel.

A spokeswoman for the Immigration Department said that as of May 8, 
there were still 108 children in immigration detention centres in 
Australia, and 111 in detention on Nauru.

Researchers were unable to interview detainees face-to-face but 
conducted interviews by telephone from last September to February this 
year. While in detention the group reported having seen riots, fighting, 
fire, suicide attempts and incidences of self-harm, the report said.
"Every adult was diagnosed with a major depressive disorder, and the
majority were also diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorders," said 
Mr Steel.

Almost all of the adults had thought of killing themselves, the report 
said, five had hurt themselves and two had evidence of psychotic disorders.

The children had displayed little evidence of psychiatric illness before
their arrival in Australia, said Mr Steel.

After two years in detention however, all children interviewed were 
assessed to have at least one psychiatric disorder and most were 
diagnosed with multiple disorders, he said.

"The symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder experienced by the 
children were almost exclusively related to experiences of trauma in 
detention," Mr Steel said.

"Children described nightmares about being hit by officers and five of 
the children had also self-harmed, either by slashing their wrists or 
banging their heads against walls," he said.

Mr Steel said that it was unlikely that detainees had plotted to give 
false information, because they were held in different compounds in an 
(un-named) detention centre, and because each family had been 
interviewed seperately, and given consistent information.

(The Age, May 13).


Quote of the week: "Australia has no obligation to take into account the
safety of the country, when it comes to returning refugees."

Immigration Minister Philip Ruddock.


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