Re: [gentoo-user] [SOLVED] Running cryptsetup under mdev
On May 7, 2014, at 21:57, J. Roeleveld jo...@antarean.org wrote: The create and remove commands with LUKS also require root. They use a session manager in desktop environments to allow users to do it. Sudo with a secure wrapper script might be sufficient for you? I was wondering. What is the actual reason why cryptsetup has a LUKS and non-LUKS set of options? Well that is of course to let you have the control over how the encryption is done. In the kernel point of view the disk encryption is just bare encryption with the given parameters. These include the cipher (AES etc), the mode (CBC, CTR etc) and Initialization Vector (IV) creation (ESSIV etc) and last but not least the key that is used with the cipher. Now without LUKS cryptsetup just sets these parameters and you have to provide them each time to cryptsetup when you are using your encrypted volume. With LUKS cryptsetup will store all these parameters in a binary format. By default this binary data is stored at the beginning of the disk. Kernel then only uses the remaining disk space for encryption. The binary data at the beginning of the disk is not encrypted because the setup would the be unreadable. When you setup a LUKS partition, cryptsetup creates a random key used for encryption the partition. Using a random key for disk encryption is an absolute MUST! A hash of this key is stored in binary data to do key verification. By default a 128k salt is created for each password you wish to use to access the disk (anti forensics). The disk key is then encrypted with the salt and the password. The salt and the encrypted key is stored in the binary data. If the salt is lost, the disk key is lost and recovery of your data is virtually impossible with only your password. With only the password it is impossible to decrypt the disk. If you have a backup of the disk key, with that key you can decrypt the disk without the password. All the steps done by LUKS are necessary for a proper disk encryption! If you do not use LUKS you need to write your own software to do the necessary steps! Cryptsetup without LUKS uses just a plain hash function without a salt to derive disk key from your password. The entropy in this kind of key creation is not nearly enough for secure disk encryption! Unless you know what you are doing use LUKS. -- -Matti
[gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
Hi. I have been trying to get systemd to boot, but I have run into several problems and need some help. I am using everything but /boot as lvm's, with a separate user partition. I had to copy systemd to /sbin because the initrd looks for the realinit too soon, but that is maybe another matter. I had set confirm_spawn=y in the kernel command line, but it only waits a short time and then says assuming positive response and tries to continue -- how can I get it to wait for me? Also, even so, it died on mounting of my lvms, saying there was some kind of timeout and came to a complete halt (maybe it was a shell, but no prompt) after all those failed, so I could do nothing much. Openrc works fine, but I was trying to get gnome to work, so I was trying to use systemd. It saved no logs (none I can find), but then again /var was not mounted. Any help with this would be appreciated. -- Your life is like a penny. You're going to lose it. The question is: How do you spend it? John Covici cov...@ccs.covici.com
Re: [gentoo-user] [SOLVED] Running cryptsetup under mdev
On May 7, 2014, at 21:57, J. Roeleveld jo...@antarean.org wrote: I was wondering. What is the actual reason why cryptsetup has a LUKS and non-LUKS set of options? And a short answer to the actual question :) LUKS automates key creation and non-LUKS lets you do it manually. Sorry for the long posts ;) -- -Matti
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 2:22 AM, cov...@ccs.covici.com wrote: Hi. I have been trying to get systemd to boot, but I have run into several problems and need some help. I am using everything but /boot as lvm's, with a separate user partition. I had to copy systemd to /sbin because the initrd looks for the realinit too soon, but that is maybe another matter. Moving systemd to /sbin sounds like it's not going to work. Run readelf -d /usr/lib/systemd/systemd; all the NEEDED libraries on /usr/lib should be available to the binary at the time it's being executed. How did you get your initramfs? dracut? genkernel? Roll your own? I had set confirm_spawn=y in the kernel command line, but it only waits a short time and then says assuming positive response and tries to continue -- how can I get it to wait for me? Also, even so, it died on mounting of my lvms, saying there was some kind of timeout and came to a complete halt (maybe it was a shell, but no prompt) after all those failed, so I could do nothing much. Openrc works fine, but I was trying to get gnome to work, so I was trying to use systemd. It saved no logs (none I can find), but then again /var was not mounted. Any help with this would be appreciated. I use dracut for my initramfs; I would recommend you to try it. However, last time I tried to use it with LVM (a few days ago), the last version (037) failed, but 036-r4 worked perfectly. Regards. -- Canek Peláez Valdés Profesor de asignatura, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Re: [gentoo-user] trouble with hi-res display and nouveau driver on *one* system
On Sun, 11 May 2014 20:12:54 -0400, gottl...@nyu.edu wrote: ***IT'S LOADING BOTH NOUVEAU AND NV (NVIDIA BINARY BLOB) DRIVERS***. I am embarrassed to report that I missed that (perhaps nv is the nv nvidia; but in any case it is loading two drivers, which is bad). Thank you very much for this catch Plan A) unmerge the Nvidia binary drivers I had done that initially nv is not the Nvidia binary driver, it is the 2D-only open source driver in XOrg. I expect you have nv in VIDEO_CARDS. Plan B) if Plan A fails, manually remove /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/drivers/nv_drv.so This helped considerably. Until the next XOrg update, at which point it will be reinstalled and your problems will start again. Set VIDEO_CARDS correctly then do emerge -uavDN emerge -ca -- Neil Bothwick Assassins do it from behind. signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: [gentoo-user] trouble with hi-res display and nouveau driver on *one* system
Am 12.05.2014 02:12, schrieb gottl...@nyu.edu: I realize you don't use gdm/gnome. But perhaps someone has seen the following problem. To release the screensaver, the current gnome wants you to press mouse button1 and move the mouse up (as with phones and tablets). This fails to end the screensaver, instead the pointer just moves (as though the mouse button wasn't pressed). I tried two mice with the same result. Press Esc instead to release the screensaver. Stefan
[gentoo-user] Re: No console when booting with GRUB 2?
On 12/05/14 01:29, Mick wrote: On Sunday 11 May 2014 15:34:32 Stefan G. Weichinger wrote: Am 11.05.2014 15:36, schrieb Nikos Chantziaras: On 11/05/14 15:41, Nikos Chantziaras wrote: I've switched from GRUB 1 to GRUB 2 and am booting in EFI mode. Now when I boot Gentoo, I get no console. The screen is just stuck in the GRUB screen until X11 starts. I see no kernel messages. When I press Ctrl+Alt+F1 to get to a console, I only get a blank screen. I tried setting: GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=text in /etc/default/grub, but that doesn't do anything. Halp! I need my consoles back! OK, figured it out. It's not possible to get a VGA text mode console with EFI. The reason is that EFI was designed by morons. The only way to get a console is to use a graphics mode framebuffer. But then my graphics driver complains: NVRM: Your system is not currently configured to drive a VGA console NVRM: on the primary VGA device. The NVIDIA Linux graphics driver NVRM: requires the use of a text-mode VGA console. Use of other console NVRM: drivers including, but not limited to, vesafb, may result in NVRM: corruption and stability problems, and is not supported. Yep, I see that on my desktop system as well ... never really got that fixed. Is this an EFI, or a NVidia problem? Both. EFI does not provide a VGA text mode, only BIOS does. So booting in EFI mode makes VGA text mode impossible to use. Then there's NVidia, who do not officially support booting in anything else than VGA text mode. It seems to work fine unofficially though. I'm using the EFI console framebuffer driver. The NVidia blob complains about it, but it seems to work with no ill effects so far. So you can include both the EFI design group as well as NVidia in the bunch of idiots I mentioned previously :-)
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
Canek Peláez Valdés can...@gmail.com wrote: On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 2:22 AM, cov...@ccs.covici.com wrote: Hi. I have been trying to get systemd to boot, but I have run into several problems and need some help. I am using everything but /boot as lvm's, with a separate user partition. I had to copy systemd to /sbin because the initrd looks for the realinit too soon, but that is maybe another matter. Moving systemd to /sbin sounds like it's not going to work. Run readelf -d /usr/lib/systemd/systemd; all the NEEDED libraries on /usr/lib should be available to the binary at the time it's being executed. How can I do this, genkernel looks for its init before it mounts /usr and genkernel-next will not mount the separate /usr at all. My latest initrd is from the very latest genkernel. But how to get a complete history of systemd actions in the order that they are done, I thought the confirm_spawn would do this for me -- at least for my initial debugging. How did you get your initramfs? dracut? genkernel? Roll your own? I had set confirm_spawn=y in the kernel command line, but it only waits a short time and then says assuming positive response and tries to continue -- how can I get it to wait for me? Also, even so, it died on mounting of my lvms, saying there was some kind of timeout and came to a complete halt (maybe it was a shell, but no prompt) after all those failed, so I could do nothing much. Openrc works fine, but I was trying to get gnome to work, so I was trying to use systemd. It saved no logs (none I can find), but then again /var was not mounted. Any help with this would be appreciated. I use dracut for my initramfs; I would recommend you to try it. However, last time I tried to use it with LVM (a few days ago), the last version (037) failed, but 036-r4 worked perfectly. Regards. -- Canek Peláez Valdés Profesor de asignatura, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México -- Your life is like a penny. You're going to lose it. The question is: How do you spend it? John Covici cov...@ccs.covici.com
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: No console when booting with GRUB 2?
Am 12.05.2014 11:46, schrieb Nikos Chantziaras: Is this an EFI, or a NVidia problem? Both. EFI does not provide a VGA text mode, only BIOS does. So booting in EFI mode makes VGA text mode impossible to use. Then there's NVidia, who do not officially support booting in anything else than VGA text mode. It seems to work fine unofficially though. I'm using the EFI console framebuffer driver. The NVidia blob complains about it, but it seems to work with no ill effects so far. So you can include both the EFI design group as well as NVidia in the bunch of idiots I mentioned previously :-) OK, I consider doing that ;-) Could you maybe add how you use the EFI console framebuffer driver here, just as a reference for others? You know, we all google around like hell ... especially with this intuitive UEFI-stuff ;-) Best regards, Stefan
Re: [gentoo-user] planned btrfs conversion: questions
Am 11.05.2014 18:17, schrieb Stefan G. Weichinger: mount does not show me the subvol-id or subvol-name of a mounted btrfs-subvolume. Seems like a bug in util-linux to me, in other distros that seems to work. /proc/mounts and findmnt also don't display that info, does anyone know how to check that? Would be very handy when dealing with snapshots etc ... https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=510148
[gentoo-user] Re: No console when booting with GRUB 2?
On 12/05/14 14:05, Stefan G. Weichinger wrote: Am 12.05.2014 11:46, schrieb Nikos Chantziaras: EFI does not provide a VGA text mode, only BIOS does. So booting in EFI mode makes VGA text mode impossible to use. Then there's NVidia, who do not officially support booting in anything else than VGA text mode. It seems to work fine unofficially though. I'm using the EFI console framebuffer driver. The NVidia blob complains about it, but it seems to work with no ill effects so far. [...] Could you maybe add how you use the EFI console framebuffer driver here, just as a reference for others? You know, we all google around like hell ... especially with this intuitive UEFI-stuff ;-) It's an in-kernel driver, like VESAFB and so on. It's the CONFIG_FB_EFI option. It can be enabled in: Device Drivers Graphics support Support for frame buffer devices EFI-based Framebuffer Support It only works when actually booting in EFI mode. It cannot be used when booting in BIOS mode, even on an EFI system.
[gentoo-user] Re: No console when booting with GRUB 2?
On 12/05/14 15:02, Nikos Chantziaras wrote: [...] Could you maybe add how you use the EFI console framebuffer driver here, just as a reference for others? You know, we all google around like hell ... especially with this intuitive UEFI-stuff ;-) It's an in-kernel driver, like VESAFB and so on. It's the CONFIG_FB_EFI option. [...] Forgot to mention that with this driver, you then use following options in /etc/default/grub: GRUB_GFXMODE=1920x1080 GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep So GRUB_GFXMODE determines the resolution you want, and the kernel then keeps that resolution for its consoles.
Re: [gentoo-user] Re: No console when booting with GRUB 2?
Am 12.05.2014 14:05, schrieb Nikos Chantziaras: On 12/05/14 15:02, Nikos Chantziaras wrote: [...] Could you maybe add how you use the EFI console framebuffer driver here, just as a reference for others? You know, we all google around like hell ... especially with this intuitive UEFI-stuff ;-) It's an in-kernel driver, like VESAFB and so on. It's the CONFIG_FB_EFI option. [...] Forgot to mention that with this driver, you then use following options in /etc/default/grub: GRUB_GFXMODE=1920x1080 GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep So GRUB_GFXMODE determines the resolution you want, and the kernel then keeps that resolution for its consoles. Yes, thanks. I also compared with my setup and I enabled CONFIG_FB_EFI as well back then. S
Re: [gentoo-user] planned btrfs conversion: questions
Am Sun, 11 May 2014 09:53:10 +0100 schrieb Mick michaelkintz...@gmail.com: On Saturday 10 May 2014 10:33:19 William Kenworthy wrote: Note that as I said in my original email, dirvish really hammers a file system and only reiserfs seems to withstand it though I have gotten errors with it in the past. Ive tried ext4 (takes only a couple of backup sessions and its unrecoverable, btrfs an occasional error with two complete losses of the partition/filesystem since Christmas and reiserfs gets rare errors. I moved away from reisefs to ext4 because I was getting some random lockups when I/O was high. While on reiserfs I also had a couple of corrupt mysql files and all around poor performance. Now, this was on a machine with a deficient PSU (I replaced a couple of capacitors since then and it is now working properly) so I don't want to blame the filesystem because of this hardware problem. In any case, under these impaired conditions ext4 was a much better performing filesystem than reiserfs. No lock ups, significantly faster and no corruption was observed in normal operation - I didn't try to hammer it. So I read your paragraph above with surprise, because in my experience the opposite was true. At the time I thought that reiserfs was perhaps suffering from bitrot, because these symptoms had gotten worse over time. This is on an installation running since 2005. Not sure what to conclude from these anecdotal observations ... :-/ I remember that OpenSuse also changed their default from ReiserFS to Ext3 for similar reasons [0]. I never experienced any problems with ReiserFS, but I also got the impression that it was going nowhere and that if I wanted a reliable system, Ext4 was the way to go. Although funnily enough, when browsing through the btrfs ML, Duncan [1] shares William's experience of ReiserFS being more resilient than even Ext4. In fact, he writes that one reason he trusts btrfs to the degree he does is that Chris Mason (the btrfs lead developer, for those who don't know) has a history with ReiserFS (he used to work on it for SuSE [2]). So yeah, as has been said already, everyone has different experiences. [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reiserfs#Move_away_from_ReiserFS_to_ext3 [1] He used to be a regular in gentoo-amd64, when it was still active; yes, you know, the guy who wrote the longest emails ;) . [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs#History -- Marc Joliet -- People who think they know everything really annoy those of us who know we don't - Bjarne Stroustrup signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: [gentoo-user] btrfs conversion: first impressions
Am Sun, 11 May 2014 23:24:34 +0200 schrieb Stefan G. Weichinger li...@xunil.at: [...] ... but it is really nice-to-have the option to snapshot your root-fs, do-something-to-it (emerge unstable stuff, delete the wrong files, you name it ...), and if you don't like it you simply boot using your snapshot ... that is actually really helpful and also rather easy once you get your head wrapped around the concepts and the few steps necessary (and it's quick: the snapshot is done in a blink ...) In a presentation by Donny Berkholz at Fosdem this year [0], he mentioned the distro CoreOS, and that they can do atomic updates. I haven't looked it up in detail, but they're website says that they use a dual-root scheme where the update is performed in a second root, which is made the real root after rebooting or after a kexec [1]. It seems to me that this could be made simpler and easier with btrfs snapshots. As far as I researched btrfs seems to be quite reliable in a not too complex (read: multi devices) setup ... and backups never hurt anyway. Of course, for me one of *the* big features was the capability to automatically fix corrupted data (the self-healing features of btrfs). This is only possible when you have redundancy across multiple devices. (I'm running a scrub right now.) But even with a single device, you can at least *detect* corruption, I just want to also be able to have it automatically *corrected*. As I do backups all the time I feel quite confident to test my setups for the next few days and maybe even completely overhaul my desktop setup. Ditto :) . As risky as it is, this was also a test of my backup, in the sense that, while I knew the backups looked okay by manual inspection, I hadn't actually restored from backup yet. Obviously, it worked :) . - 2x 1TB HDDs plus 1x 256GB SSD (plus the one older 80GB SSD for tests right now) ... with LVM and stuff (remember my hassles last week with the LVMs not activated??) ... I could run one btrfs-pool on the 2 HDDs and one on the SSD and cut all of my various filesystems out of that. Would mixing hdds and the ssd into one pool make sense? I think, no ... ? I suspect something like bcache would work (except I remember reading that btrfs does not work with it yet). -- I will also test running VMs on btrfs-subvolumes and doing snapshots: snapshot the underlying subvolume, apply some changes within the VM and then rollback to the snapshot. This would remove LVM-snapshotting out of the way ... etc etc As mentioned before, looking forward ... and curious! I'm glad I motivated some people to try btrfs themselves :) . [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=egjcVGKwnrw [1] http://coreos.com/using-coreos/updates/ (section technical details) -- Marc Joliet -- People who think they know everything really annoy those of us who know we don't - Bjarne Stroustrup signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: [gentoo-user] planned btrfs conversion: questions
On Monday 12 May 2014 16:08:00 Marc Joliet wrote: [1] He used to be a regular in gentoo-amd64, when it was still active; yes, you know, the guy who wrote the longest emails ;) . ...and is the only person ever to have found his way into my kill file. -- Regards Peter
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
2014-05-12 4:15 GMT-06:00 cov...@ccs.covici.com: How can I do this, genkernel looks for its init before it mounts /usr and genkernel-next will not mount the separate /usr at all. My latest initrd is from the very latest genkernel. But how to get a complete history of systemd actions in the order that they are done, I thought the confirm_spawn would do this for me -- at least for my initial debugging. I have had this trouble too, and a very similar setup than you, and after a few workarounds I got to boot with a genkernel and a dracut generated initramfs, so it can be done both ways, but i would recommend dracut, since is more straight forward in practice, and you can setup once and then just generate initramfs that surely will work. The most important part is your kernel boot comand line, giving instructions so your system specific lvm volumes (root, usr and var if separated). mine looks like this rd.lvm rd.lvm.vg=gentoovg rd.lvm.lv=gentoovg/root rd.lvm.lv=gentoovg/usr root=/dev/mapper/gentoovg-root ccinit=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd quiet A little too long in my opinion, but works, and the rd.lvm.lv parts result redundant if rd.lvm.vg is already set, i think, it worked when I tested, but I kept the redundancy just in case. this can be setup in sevaral ways, directly when compiling the kernel, using dracut the config file, or the bootloader, I used dracut since I wanted to centralize the boot process configuration as much as possible. Also be sure that the lvm binaries are included in the initramfs, if you will be using dracut you would need to add to /etc/dracut.conf: use_fstab=yes host_cmdline=yes kernel_cmdline=your_cmd_line
Re: [gentoo-user] planned btrfs conversion: questions
Am Mon, 12 May 2014 15:39:41 +0100 schrieb Peter Humphrey pe...@prh.myzen.co.uk: On Monday 12 May 2014 16:08:00 Marc Joliet wrote: [1] He used to be a regular in gentoo-amd64, when it was still active; yes, you know, the guy who wrote the longest emails ;) . ...and is the only person ever to have found his way into my kill file. Personally, I appreciated his responses. He was also always friendly. When I didn't feel like reading them, I simply skipped them. That, to me at least, is less work than putting him in a kill file. There have been, however, plenty of other candidates that I *almost* put in a kill file, but didn't, because no one has yet shown themselves to be simultaneously overly annoying and unknowledgeable. -- Marc Joliet -- People who think they know everything really annoy those of us who know we don't - Bjarne Stroustrup signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 5:15 AM, cov...@ccs.covici.com wrote: Canek Peláez Valdés can...@gmail.com wrote: On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 2:22 AM, cov...@ccs.covici.com wrote: Hi. I have been trying to get systemd to boot, but I have run into several problems and need some help. I am using everything but /boot as lvm's, with a separate user partition. I had to copy systemd to /sbin because the initrd looks for the realinit too soon, but that is maybe another matter. Moving systemd to /sbin sounds like it's not going to work. Run readelf -d /usr/lib/systemd/systemd; all the NEEDED libraries on /usr/lib should be available to the binary at the time it's being executed. How can I do this, genkernel looks for its init before it mounts /usr and genkernel-next will not mount the separate /usr at all. My latest initrd is from the very latest genkernel. With genkernel, I don't know; I never used it. On the other hand, dracut is designed to work with systemd; if you use the systemd USE flag and the systemd module, it even uses systemd *inside* the initramfs. But how to get a complete history of systemd actions in the order that they are done, I thought the confirm_spawn would do this for me -- at least for my initial debugging. The problem obviously is not in systemd, but in the integration of genkernel+systemd. I repeat, I never used genkernel, so I don't know what you can do. That being said, get a complete history of systemd actions in the order that they are done will not tell you much: systemd uses heavy parallelization, so in some runs the order in which actions are performed will be different from others. The problem is that if systemd is installed into /usr/lib (which is Gentoo's case), then /usr should be mounted before systemd starts. That's responsibility of the initramfs, not of systemd, and the solution lies in the initramfs, not in systemd. My only possible recommendation would be for you to try dracut. Regards. -- Canek Peláez Valdés Profesor de asignatura, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Re: [gentoo-user] planned btrfs conversion: questions
Marc Joliet wrote: Am Mon, 12 May 2014 15:39:41 +0100 schrieb Peter Humphrey pe...@prh.myzen.co.uk: On Monday 12 May 2014 16:08:00 Marc Joliet wrote: [1] He used to be a regular in gentoo-amd64, when it was still active; yes, you know, the guy who wrote the longest emails ;) . ...and is the only person ever to have found his way into my kill file. Personally, I appreciated his responses. He was also always friendly. +1. Where did he go anyway? Dale :-) :-) -- I am only responsible for what I said ... Not for what you understood or how you interpreted my words!
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
Jc García jyo.gar...@gmail.com wrote: 2014-05-12 4:15 GMT-06:00 cov...@ccs.covici.com: How can I do this, genkernel looks for its init before it mounts /usr and genkernel-next will not mount the separate /usr at all. My latest initrd is from the very latest genkernel. But how to get a complete history of systemd actions in the order that they are done, I thought the confirm_spawn would do this for me -- at least for my initial debugging. I have had this trouble too, and a very similar setup than you, and after a few workarounds I got to boot with a genkernel and a dracut generated initramfs, so it can be done both ways, but i would recommend dracut, since is more straight forward in practice, and you can setup once and then just generate initramfs that surely will work. The most important part is your kernel boot comand line, giving instructions so your system specific lvm volumes (root, usr and var if separated). mine looks like this rd.lvm rd.lvm.vg=gentoovg rd.lvm.lv=gentoovg/root rd.lvm.lv=gentoovg/usr root=/dev/mapper/gentoovg-root ccinit=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd quiet A little too long in my opinion, but works, and the rd.lvm.lv parts result redundant if rd.lvm.vg is already set, i think, it worked when I tested, but I kept the redundancy just in case. this can be setup in sevaral ways, directly when compiling the kernel, using dracut the config file, or the bootloader, I used dracut since I wanted to centralize the boot process configuration as much as possible. Also be sure that the lvm binaries are included in the initramfs, if you will be using dracut you would need to add to /etc/dracut.conf: use_fstab=yes host_cmdline=yes kernel_cmdline=your_cmd_line My kernel command line is like this: init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/mapper/linux--files-64--root udev video=uvesafb:1280x1024 speakup.synth=spkout vmalloc=256M dolvm rootfstype=ext4 real_init=/sbin/systemd systemd.confirm_spawn=yes I thought the dolvm would take care of all lvm related stuff, I don't understand the rd.lvm parts at all, I have never seen such. -- Your life is like a penny. You're going to lose it. The question is: How do you spend it? John Covici cov...@ccs.covici.com
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
Canek Peláez Valdés can...@gmail.com wrote: On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 5:15 AM, cov...@ccs.covici.com wrote: Canek Peláez Valdés can...@gmail.com wrote: On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 2:22 AM, cov...@ccs.covici.com wrote: Hi. I have been trying to get systemd to boot, but I have run into several problems and need some help. I am using everything but /boot as lvm's, with a separate user partition. I had to copy systemd to /sbin because the initrd looks for the realinit too soon, but that is maybe another matter. Moving systemd to /sbin sounds like it's not going to work. Run readelf -d /usr/lib/systemd/systemd; all the NEEDED libraries on /usr/lib should be available to the binary at the time it's being executed. How can I do this, genkernel looks for its init before it mounts /usr and genkernel-next will not mount the separate /usr at all. My latest initrd is from the very latest genkernel. With genkernel, I don't know; I never used it. On the other hand, dracut is designed to work with systemd; if you use the systemd USE flag and the systemd module, it even uses systemd *inside* the initramfs. But how to get a complete history of systemd actions in the order that they are done, I thought the confirm_spawn would do this for me -- at least for my initial debugging. The problem obviously is not in systemd, but in the integration of genkernel+systemd. I repeat, I never used genkernel, so I don't know what you can do. That being said, get a complete history of systemd actions in the order that they are done will not tell you much: systemd uses heavy parallelization, so in some runs the order in which actions are performed will be different from others. The problem is that if systemd is installed into /usr/lib (which is Gentoo's case), then /usr should be mounted before systemd starts. That's responsibility of the initramfs, not of systemd, and the solution lies in the initramfs, not in systemd. My only possible recommendation would be for you to try dracut. Regards. -- Canek Peláez Valdés Profesor de asignatura, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México OK, I will try dracut, but I still want to know what systemd is doing, what processes its spawning, etc. -- how can I find this out -- I thought to use the confirm_spawn, but it times out and keeps going, what can I do instead? Thanks people for all your responses, this is a great list. -- Your life is like a penny. You're going to lose it. The question is: How do you spend it? John Covici cov...@ccs.covici.com
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 11:31 AM, cov...@ccs.covici.com wrote: [snip] OK, I will try dracut, I hope it works with dracut. This is my kernel command line and RAID/LVM related stuff from GRUB2: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd quiet nosplash GRUB_PRELOAD_MODULES=lvm mdraid1x And this is my dracut.conf (minus comments): add_dracutmodules+=crypt lvm mdraid systemd add_drivers+=autofs4 ipv6 dm-crypt aes sha256 fscks=umount mount /sbin/fsck* e2fsck That's it. I didn't touched anything else to make dracut+systemd work with LVM and RAID (and LUKS, but that doesn't matter). Also, dracut comes with extensive and very clear documentation; check the man pages included. but I still want to know what systemd is doing, what processes its spawning, etc. -- how can I find this out -- I thought to use the confirm_spawn, but it times out and keeps going, what can I do instead? You can use bootchart: man 1 systemd-bootchart It will produce a chart with all the processes, and how long it takes for every one of them. But remember, the order depends on which one finishes before, and that can change from boot to boot. Thanks people for all your responses, this is a great list. Regards. -- Canek Peláez Valdés Profesor de asignatura, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
Canek Peláez Valdés can...@gmail.com wrote: On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 11:31 AM, cov...@ccs.covici.com wrote: [snip] OK, I will try dracut, I hope it works with dracut. This is my kernel command line and RAID/LVM related stuff from GRUB2: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd quiet nosplash GRUB_PRELOAD_MODULES=lvm mdraid1x And this is my dracut.conf (minus comments): add_dracutmodules+=crypt lvm mdraid systemd add_drivers+=autofs4 ipv6 dm-crypt aes sha256 fscks=umount mount /sbin/fsck* e2fsck That's it. I didn't touched anything else to make dracut+systemd work with LVM and RAID (and LUKS, but that doesn't matter). Also, dracut comes with extensive and very clear documentation; check the man pages included. but I still want to know what systemd is doing, what processes its spawning, etc. -- how can I find this out -- I thought to use the confirm_spawn, but it times out and keeps going, what can I do instead? You can use bootchart: man 1 systemd-bootchart It will produce a chart with all the processes, and how long it takes for every one of them. But remember, the order depends on which one finishes before, and that can change from boot to boot. Thanks people for all your responses, this is a great list. Regards. -- Canek Peláez Valdés Profesor de asignatura, Facultad de Ciencias Well, since I am unable to see, the graph would not do me any good, any way to get it in text form? What I want to see (and I know the order may change) is which starts first and so on, to make sure targets, etc. do what I want them to do. -- Your life is like a penny. You're going to lose it. The question is: How do you spend it? John Covici cov...@ccs.covici.com
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 11:52 AM, cov...@ccs.covici.com wrote: Canek Peláez Valdés can...@gmail.com wrote: On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 11:31 AM, cov...@ccs.covici.com wrote: [snip] OK, I will try dracut, I hope it works with dracut. This is my kernel command line and RAID/LVM related stuff from GRUB2: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd quiet nosplash GRUB_PRELOAD_MODULES=lvm mdraid1x And this is my dracut.conf (minus comments): add_dracutmodules+=crypt lvm mdraid systemd add_drivers+=autofs4 ipv6 dm-crypt aes sha256 fscks=umount mount /sbin/fsck* e2fsck That's it. I didn't touched anything else to make dracut+systemd work with LVM and RAID (and LUKS, but that doesn't matter). Also, dracut comes with extensive and very clear documentation; check the man pages included. but I still want to know what systemd is doing, what processes its spawning, etc. -- how can I find this out -- I thought to use the confirm_spawn, but it times out and keeps going, what can I do instead? You can use bootchart: man 1 systemd-bootchart It will produce a chart with all the processes, and how long it takes for every one of them. But remember, the order depends on which one finishes before, and that can change from boot to boot. Thanks people for all your responses, this is a great list. Regards. -- Canek Peláez Valdés Profesor de asignatura, Facultad de Ciencias Well, since I am unable to see, the graph would not do me any good, any way to get it in text form? What I want to see (and I know the order may change) is which starts first and so on, to make sure targets, etc. do what I want them to do. Try adding this to your kernel command line: systemd.log_target=console systemd.log_level=debug. It will add a lot of output, including what is being executed. Everything is documented in the man page: man 1 systemd. Regards. -- Canek Peláez Valdés Profesor de asignatura, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Re: [gentoo-user] btrfs conversion: first impressions
Am 12.05.2014 16:30, schrieb Marc Joliet: In a presentation by Donny Berkholz at Fosdem this year [0], he mentioned the distro CoreOS, and that they can do atomic updates. I haven't looked it up in detail, but they're website says that they use a dual-root scheme where the update is performed in a second root, which is made the real root after rebooting or after a kexec [1]. It seems to me that this could be made simpler and easier with btrfs snapshots. Yes. I will maybe look into your link sometimes ... What I want to research: systemd is now able to detect / and /home (and swap) via the GPT-IDs ... I wonder if I could get rid of fstab or at least the entries for / Right now when I test my rollbacks I edit (a) the subvolid in the kernel-line of grub.cfg and (b) in /etc/fstab on the target subvol. Maybe the second part is redundant, I don't know? I think of generating something like a daily last known good rootfs and a related entry in grub2 :-) Just playing here so far, but interesting options. (2nd thought: the subvol would then need to get that GPT-ID?) Would mixing hdds and the ssd into one pool make sense? I think, no ... ? I suspect something like bcache would work (except I remember reading that btrfs does not work with it yet). So far I run one btrfs on a partition (/dev/sdc3) of an SSD (containing my active /, /home and some data I want to have mounted with speedy performance) and a second btrfs on a 1TB-HDD. I decided to degrade my mdadm RAID1 and dedicate one of the hdds (sdd) completely to btrfs ... then migrated the old LVs into subvols today. Looking good so far (right now I have no more active LVs here ...). Next steps: * see if things work :-) * migrate my other, faster and bigger SSD to the new and shiny root-fs. I boot from the EFI partition there ... but root and stuff is on the 2nd SSD. * decide if to get rid of the old Win7-partition (on sdb) that wasn't booted for years (?) now ... if I don't do that I don't have a second hdd with the same size for mirroring the btrfs ... a) sdd = sdb b) size of sdd (size of sdb minus partition-win7) So more to consider here. But the btrfs contains mostly pics and music and test-vms ... all backed up via amanda to tape nearly daily, so no specific need for mirroring. I'm glad I motivated some people to try btrfs themselves :) . Thanks for the reminder .. it fits into my cleaning up here ;-) Now for some scrubbing, backups and watching TV in the meantime. Greets, Stefan
Re: [gentoo-user] planned btrfs conversion: questions
Am Mon, 12 May 2014 11:15:21 -0500 schrieb Dale rdalek1...@gmail.com: Marc Joliet wrote: Am Mon, 12 May 2014 15:39:41 +0100 schrieb Peter Humphrey pe...@prh.myzen.co.uk: On Monday 12 May 2014 16:08:00 Marc Joliet wrote: [1] He used to be a regular in gentoo-amd64, when it was still active; yes, you know, the guy who wrote the longest emails ;) . ...and is the only person ever to have found his way into my kill file. Personally, I appreciated his responses. He was also always friendly. +1. Where did he go anyway? Well, he's definitely a regular on the Btrfs mailing list. He also still posts to gentoo-amd64 whenever the (nowadays very rare) question pops up; the last thread was back in March. He's probably also active on various other lists. I don't think he ever subscribed to gentoo-user. Dale :-) :-) -- Marc Joliet -- People who think they know everything really annoy those of us who know we don't - Bjarne Stroustrup signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: [gentoo-user] planned btrfs conversion: questions
On 05/12/2014 08:04 AM, Marc Joliet wrote: There have been, however, plenty of other candidates that I *almost* put in a kill file, but didn't, because no one has yet shown themselves to be simultaneously overly annoying and unknowledgeable. Is that a challenge? ;-) Dan
[gentoo-user] Having Trouble with Wireless Interface
Hi all. I got Espeakup to finally function, but I have a problem now with my Realtech 8188 WiFi adapter, Rev01, according to ifconfig. I know it shows up as wlp7s0 on an ifconfig, normally. But for what ever reason, it isn't showing up. I have, in my /etc/conf.d/net the line: wlp7s0=DHCP. When I run ifconfig wlp7s0 up, I get an error about how the device is not able to be found. The driver shows up as a module in the kernel.
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
2014-05-12 10:22 GMT-06:00 cov...@ccs.covici.com: My kernel command line is like this: init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/mapper/linux--files-64--root udev video=uvesafb:1280x1024 speakup.synth=spkout vmalloc=256M dolvm rootfstype=ext4 real_init=/sbin/systemd systemd.confirm_spawn=yes I thought the dolvm would take care of all lvm related stuff, I don't understand the rd.lvm parts at all, I have never seen such. I tried several times with only dolvm, but that didn't work for me, I found the documentation for rd.lvm 'man 7 dracut.kernel', in the LVM section.
Re: [gentoo-user] Lable Printer for gLabels
J == Joseph syscon...@gmail.com writes: J Does anybody know if there is any label printer that will work with J gLabels For the benefit of the archive, net-print/dymo-cups-drivers works for each of the Dymo label printers, and glabels ships with templates for most (all?) of the supports label sizes. -JimC -- James Cloos cl...@jhcloos.com OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6
[gentoo-user] Re: [OT]: Is that (filesystem-)logic vald?
On 05/11/2014 08:25 PM, meino.cra...@gmx.de wrote: Hi, I have an embedded system with internal flash memory. The internal flash memory contains some static files, which are only be read and others, which get written from time to time. The internal flash has a FAT32-formatted filesystem and no real partiton (the device is directly fomratted as so often with this kind of lash memories. From time to time the software crashes while updateing some files (writing to them) leaving a unclean filesystem behind. Often -- after fscking the filesystem -- files named FSCKnumber.REC are left in the root of the filesystem. Is it correct to assume, that only those files are affected by correcting the filesysten which were written/updated before or is there any chance, that other, only read files are also affected? I don't know the answer so I'll ask a question instead :) How long was the embedded system working correctly before the crashes started? Did it ever work correctly?
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
Jc García jyo.gar...@gmail.com wrote: 2014-05-12 10:22 GMT-06:00 cov...@ccs.covici.com: My kernel command line is like this: init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/mapper/linux--files-64--root udev video=uvesafb:1280x1024 speakup.synth=spkout vmalloc=256M dolvm rootfstype=ext4 real_init=/sbin/systemd systemd.confirm_spawn=yes I thought the dolvm would take care of all lvm related stuff, I don't understand the rd.lvm parts at all, I have never seen such. I tried several times with only dolvm, but that didn't work for me, I found the documentation for rd.lvm 'man 7 dracut.kernel', in the LVM section. Ahhh, these are dracut specific, that is why I had never heard of them before. So I am off to read the dracut docs before I change anything! -- Your life is like a penny. You're going to lose it. The question is: How do you spend it? John Covici cov...@ccs.covici.com
Re: [gentoo-user] trouble with hi-res display and nouveau driver on *one* system
On Sun, May 11 2014, Canek Peláez Valdés wrote: On Sun, May 11, 2014 at 7:12 PM, gottl...@nyu.edu wrote: This helped considerably. No grey bands; instead gdm puts up its screensaver and tells us the (correct) time. Moving the mouse moves the pointer and clicking on the upper right button shows the volume etc. Allan, what do you have in your VIDEO_CARDS variable? It's usually defined in /etc/portage/make.conf. If you don't have it, try to set it up to nouveau: VIDEO_CARDS=nouveau Yes I set VIDEO_CARDS=nouveau right at the beginning Also, what's the output of equery l -if x11-drivers/? [IP-] [ ] x11-drivers/xf86-input-evdev-2.8.2:0 [IP-] [ ] x11-drivers/xf86-input-keyboard-1.7.0:0 [IP-] [ ] x11-drivers/xf86-input-mouse-1.9.0:0 [IP-] [ ] x11-drivers/xf86-video-nouveau-1.0.10:0 [IP-] [ ] x11-drivers/xf86-video-nv-2.1.20-r1:0 I had set INPUT_DEVICES=evdev right at the beginning and ran emerge --changed-use --update --keep-going world several times. emerge --depclean --ask --ignore-default-opts only listed xf86-input-mouse. But when I specifically tried emerge --depclean xf86-input-keyboard emerge --depclean xf86-video-nv They were found and now they are gone (so this explains why I found the nv driver to delete manually). Anyway I depcleaned the unneeded drivers and now eix -I xf86- shows only evdev and nouveau as desired. However the problem remains (screensaver shows time and won't go away). Thanks for the help, allan PS emerge --changed-use --update --keep-going world shows nothing
Re: [gentoo-user] trouble with hi-res display and nouveau driver on *one* system
On Mon, May 12 2014, Neil Bothwick wrote: On Sun, 11 May 2014 20:12:54 -0400, gottl...@nyu.edu wrote: ***IT'S LOADING BOTH NOUVEAU AND NV (NVIDIA BINARY BLOB) DRIVERS***. I am embarrassed to report that I missed that (perhaps nv is the nv nvidia; but in any case it is loading two drivers, which is bad). Thank you very much for this catch Plan A) unmerge the Nvidia binary drivers I had done that initially nv is not the Nvidia binary driver, it is the 2D-only open source driver in XOrg. I expect you have nv in VIDEO_CARDS. At one point perhaps but I did set to VIDEO_CARDS to just nouveau before starting to convert. Plan B) if Plan A fails, manually remove /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/drivers/nv_drv.so This helped considerably. Until the next XOrg update, at which point it will be reinstalled and your problems will start again. Set VIDEO_CARDS correctly then do emerge -uavDN emerge -ca I have done this (more or less). I have EMERGE_DEFAULT_OPTS=--ask --deep --tree --verbose --jobs --load-average=3 I did emerge --changed-use --update --keep-going world and emerge --depclean --ask --ignore-default-opts The problem remains (after a reboot). Specifically, gdm/gnome-shell puts up the screensaver giving the time in big characters and I can't get rid of it using the mouse or keyboard. I also tried /etc/init.d/gdm restart with no improvement. thanks, allan
Re: [gentoo-user] trouble with hi-res display and nouveau driver on *one* system
On Mon, May 12 2014, Stefan G. Weichinger wrote: Am 12.05.2014 02:12, schrieb gottl...@nyu.edu: I realize you don't use gdm/gnome. But perhaps someone has seen the following problem. To release the screensaver, the current gnome wants you to press mouse button1 and move the mouse up (as with phones and tablets). This fails to end the screensaver, instead the pointer just moves (as though the mouse button wasn't pressed). I tried two mice with the same result. Press Esc instead to release the screensaver. Stefan ESC did not help. thanks, allan
Re: [gentoo-user] trouble with hi-res display and nouveau driver on *one* system
On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 7:20 PM, gottl...@nyu.edu wrote: [...] I did emerge --changed-use --update --keep-going world and emerge --depclean --ask --ignore-default-opts The problem remains (after a reboot). Specifically, gdm/gnome-shell puts up the screensaver giving the time in big characters and I can't get rid of it using the mouse or keyboard. I also tried /etc/init.d/gdm restart with no improvement. If you are on systemd, that does nothing. You want systemctl restart gdm.service. Regards. -- Canek Peláez Valdés Profesor de asignatura, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Re: [gentoo-user] trouble with hi-res display and nouveau driver on *one* system
On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 7:21 PM, gottl...@nyu.edu wrote: On Mon, May 12 2014, Stefan G. Weichinger wrote: Am 12.05.2014 02:12, schrieb gottl...@nyu.edu: I realize you don't use gdm/gnome. But perhaps someone has seen the following problem. To release the screensaver, the current gnome wants you to press mouse button1 and move the mouse up (as with phones and tablets). This fails to end the screensaver, instead the pointer just moves (as though the mouse button wasn't pressed). I tried two mice with the same result. Press Esc instead to release the screensaver. Stefan ESC did not help. Allan, could you reemerge again x11-drivers/xf86-input-evdev? And then restart gdm? Regards. -- Canek Peláez Valdés Profesor de asignatura, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Re: [gentoo-user] trouble with hi-res display and nouveau driver on *one* system
On Mon, May 12 2014, Canek Peláez Valdés wrote: On Mon, May 12, 2014 at 7:20 PM, gottl...@nyu.edu wrote: [...] I did emerge --changed-use --update --keep-going world and emerge --depclean --ask --ignore-default-opts The problem remains (after a reboot). Specifically, gdm/gnome-shell puts up the screensaver giving the time in big characters and I can't get rid of it using the mouse or keyboard. I also tried /etc/init.d/gdm restart with no improvement. If you are on systemd, that does nothing. You want systemctl restart gdm.service. This (old) system is still openRC/grub1. When I get the present problem solved, I will be going to grub2/systemd. allan
[gentoo-user] Re: [OT]: Is that (filesystem-)logic vald?
meino.cramer at gmx.de writes: I have an embedded system with internal flash memory. The internal flash memory contains some static files, which are only be read and others, which get written from time to time. Embedded systems vary wildly. If you can you need to be as specific as possilble on which embedded system, processor model, vendor, version etc. The internal flash has a FAT32-formatted filesystem and no real partiton (the device is directly fomratted as so often with this kind of lash memories. From time to time the software crashes while updateing some files (writing to them) leaving a unclean filesystem behind. Often -- after fscking the filesystem -- files named FSCKnumber.REC are left in the root of the filesystem. Have you sought out help from the vendor/manufacture? Can the embedded OS be updated and maintained? Can you install another, better supported embedded OS like openWRT https://openwrt.org/ Is it correct to assume, that only those files are affected by correcting the filesysten which were written/updated before or is there any chance, that other, only read files are also affected? You've got to get really specific on the details of the embedded OS and such details. hth, James
Re: [gentoo-user] problems getting systemd to work
Jc García jyo.gar...@gmail.com wrote: 2014-05-12 4:15 GMT-06:00 cov...@ccs.covici.com: How can I do this, genkernel looks for its init before it mounts /usr and genkernel-next will not mount the separate /usr at all. My latest initrd is from the very latest genkernel. But how to get a complete history of systemd actions in the order that they are done, I thought the confirm_spawn would do this for me -- at least for my initial debugging. I have had this trouble too, and a very similar setup than you, and after a few workarounds I got to boot with a genkernel and a dracut generated initramfs, so it can be done both ways, but i would recommend dracut, since is more straight forward in practice, and you can setup once and then just generate initramfs that surely will work. The most important part is your kernel boot comand line, giving instructions so your system specific lvm volumes (root, usr and var if separated). mine looks like this rd.lvm rd.lvm.vg=gentoovg rd.lvm.lv=gentoovg/root rd.lvm.lv=gentoovg/usr root=/dev/mapper/gentoovg-root ccinit=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd quiet A little too long in my opinion, but works, and the rd.lvm.lv parts result redundant if rd.lvm.vg is already set, i think, it worked when I tested, but I kept the redundancy just in case. this can be setup in sevaral ways, directly when compiling the kernel, using dracut the config file, or the bootloader, I used dracut since I wanted to centralize the boot process configuration as much as possible. Also be sure that the lvm binaries are included in the initramfs, if you will be using dracut you would need to add to /etc/dracut.conf: use_fstab=yes host_cmdline=yes kernel_cmdline=your_cmd_line Hi. Well, even with use_fstab=yes, it does not put one, just /etc/fstab.empty of 0 length -- how can I fix? -- Your life is like a penny. You're going to lose it. The question is: How do you spend it? John Covici cov...@ccs.covici.com
Re: [gentoo-user] Having Trouble with Wireless Interface
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA256 On 05/12/14 23:31, Hunter Jozwiak wrote: Hi all. I got Espeakup to finally function, but I have a problem now with my Realtech 8188 WiFi adapter, Rev01, according to ifconfig. I know it shows up as wlp7s0 on an ifconfig, normally. But for what ever reason, it isn't showing up. I have, in my /etc/conf.d/net the line: wlp7s0=DHCP. When I run ifconfig wlp7s0 up, I get an error about how the device is not able to be found. The driver shows up as a module in the kernel. Could it be a firmware problem? dmesg would help. -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: GnuPG v2.0.22 (GNU/Linux) Comment: Using GnuPG with Thunderbird - http://www.enigmail.net/ iQEcBAEBCAAGBQJTca6DAAoJEK64IL1uI2haJ1sIAJfCcqmesAcByVMGt6gn3+jD 5J6equcfr5/2xh+qJ7WmVR3RYtZTqeoBhfhUEvLcDRhuA5HgXg5owgIQBjynEfdw 91SEXM00bJ+2y4JPh31aYMGnLx279B+OMw13dOYzZmwOSHU1DK4AiJW/ueYSb8LS XVI8tJJS+D3XY4lbdiWNykc9nEhbgI4IahNFS8bZP9wuf3OFtBGo6zJn/sAN3EEg FLArhZpnncmdeQI07exHpMsqRY380MUPgua3acygVjKfkrIzKhwzsKRoWYj5IZqd 3Emzcoc6+xQgQl65EborNOrvsgwEN/3ZW2MClNnLq2m4kuqaY6GnPEacGowxwbo= =O1JI -END PGP SIGNATURE-
