Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Dave Jones

Hi Matt

Matt Harrison wrote on 23/04/08 07:05:
I've been running a gentoo system as my fileserver without problems for 
a while. Its using software raid (1+0) with lvm on top, and its been a 
dream until now.


The other day I did an emerge world and had a message about an sqlite 
ebuild missing from the repository. Well I had other things to do so I 
thought I'd leave that for now (sqlite isn't critical).


Now after a reboot I can't mount my LVM partitions, my raid is working 
fine, but nothing I can do will discover my lvm partitions or volumes. 
If i try to manually start the lvm service, I get the message about it 
being written for baselayout-2 and not being suitable for baselayout-1.


I've managed to find some info about the OpenRC and baselayout-2 change, 
however nothing seems to apply to my situation, and I certainly never 
meant to do an upgrade that would make such a serious change.


Is there some way I can recover my system without having to re-install? 
I've got a lot of data that I would cry if i lost, although I think the 
data is ok...I'm just really confused about this baselayout-2 change.


Because all my partitions (except root and boot) are on LVM, I can't get 
to see if i accidentally installed something wrong, and I can't even try 
to re-emerge lvm etc.


Any tips would be greately appreciated.


Add lvm to your boot run level for baselayout-2:

rc-update add lvm boot

Cheers, Dave
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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

Dave Jones wrote:

Hi Matt

Matt Harrison wrote on 23/04/08 07:05:
I've been running a gentoo system as my fileserver without problems 
for a while. Its using software raid (1+0) with lvm on top, and its 
been a dream until now.


The other day I did an emerge world and had a message about an sqlite 
ebuild missing from the repository. Well I had other things to do so 
I thought I'd leave that for now (sqlite isn't critical).


Now after a reboot I can't mount my LVM partitions, my raid is 
working fine, but nothing I can do will discover my lvm partitions or 
volumes. If i try to manually start the lvm service, I get the 
message about it being written for baselayout-2 and not being 
suitable for baselayout-1.


I've managed to find some info about the OpenRC and baselayout-2 
change, however nothing seems to apply to my situation, and I 
certainly never meant to do an upgrade that would make such a serious 
change.


Is there some way I can recover my system without having to 
re-install? I've got a lot of data that I would cry if i lost, 
although I think the data is ok...I'm just really confused about this 
baselayout-2 change.


Because all my partitions (except root and boot) are on LVM, I can't 
get to see if i accidentally installed something wrong, and I can't 
even try to re-emerge lvm etc.


Any tips would be greately appreciated.


Add lvm to your boot run level for baselayout-2:

rc-update add lvm boot

Cheers, Dave

Hey Dave,

Thanks for the reply. I've just tried adding lvm to my boot runlevel. 
Unfortunately, its exactly the same. The LVM service does now start, but 
I'm still told that no volumes can be found.


I've verified that the raid arrays are all running ok, however LVM just 
seems to have lost all my partitions...which seems crazy.


I really, really hope that the upgrade doesn't mean i've lost data.

Thanks
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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Alan McKinnon
On Wednesday 23 April 2008, Matt Harrison wrote:
 Thanks for the reply. I've just tried adding lvm to my boot runlevel.
 Unfortunately, its exactly the same. The LVM service does now start,
 but I'm still told that no volumes can be found.

 I've verified that the raid arrays are all running ok, however LVM
 just seems to have lost all my partitions...which seems crazy.

 I really, really hope that the upgrade doesn't mean i've lost data.

It's highly unlikely you lost data, as the upgrade would not have 
changed the on-disk metadata. If all else fails, you could boot off an 
LVM-enabled LiveCD and you'll find all your volumes present. But first 
we need to find out what's going on (my machine uses baselayout-2 and 
openrc  my lvm volumes were unaffected.

What output do you get from
pvscan
vgscan
lvscan
vgchange -a y

and what's in the various logs regarding lvm startup?

-- 
Alan McKinnon
alan dot mckinnon at gmail dot com

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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Dirk Heinrichs

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA1

ext Matt Harrison schrieb:

| Thanks for the reply. I've just tried adding lvm to my boot runlevel.
| Unfortunately, its exactly the same. The LVM service does now start, but
| I'm still told that no volumes can be found.

Look into /etc/rc.conf and add the dependencies for LVM. I had to add
this (using EVMS):

rc_fsck_need=evms

This adds evms to the dependencies of fsck, so that all volumes are
available for fsck.

HTH...

Dirk
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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

Alan McKinnon wrote:

It's highly unlikely you lost data, as the upgrade would not have
changed the on-disk metadata. If all else fails, you could boot off an 
LVM-enabled LiveCD and you'll find all your volumes present. But first 
we need to find out what's going on (my machine uses baselayout-2 and 
openrc  my lvm volumes were unaffected.


What output do you get from
pvscan
vgscan
lvscan
vgchange -a y

and what's in the various logs regarding lvm startup?

  

Ok,

pvscan says:
   No Matching physical volumes found

vgscan says:
   Reading all physical volumesThis make take a while
   No volume groups found

lvscan says:
   No volume groups found

vgchange -a y says:
   No volume groups found.

There's not much in the way of logs, seeing as syslog can't start (/var 
partition is on LVM too). running dmesg doesn't output anything relevant 
to LVM


And in reply to Dirk's email, I've added the line to my /etc/rc.conf, 
but it doesn't seem to have made any difference :(

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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Dirk Heinrichs

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ext Matt Harrison schrieb:

| And in reply to Dirk's email, I've added the line to my /etc/rc.conf,
| but it doesn't seem to have made any difference :(

You wrote in your first mail that you use software raid. Did you also
add the dep for this, so that raid devices are setup before lvm runs?
Would be something like

rc_lvm_need=mdraid

Bye...

Dirk
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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

On a side not, I'm not sure if this could the problem:

I've got one disk on one of my pairs failed. There's a replacement disk 
arriving tomorrow, but the stripe (thats built out of 3 mirrored pairs) 
won't start on its own, I have to manually rebuild the array after boot.


This shouldn't stop it detecting lvm partitions manually should it?
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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

Dirk Heinrichs wrote:

You wrote in your first mail that you use software raid. Did you also
add the dep for this, so that raid devices are setup before lvm runs?
Would be something like

rc_lvm_need=mdraid

No actually, I don't have that line either. I take it this is all new 
stuff...as its been working fine so far.

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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Dirk Heinrichs

-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA1

ext Matt Harrison schrieb:
| Dirk Heinrichs wrote:
| You wrote in your first mail that you use software raid. Did you also
| add the dep for this, so that raid devices are setup before lvm runs?
| Would be something like
|
| rc_lvm_need=mdraid
|
| No actually, I don't have that line either. I take it this is all new
| stuff...as its been working fine so far.

Oh, BTW: I don't know if that script is really called mdraid, since I
don't use sw raid myself.

Bye...

Dirk
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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Alan McKinnon
On Wednesday 23 April 2008, Matt Harrison wrote:
 Alan McKinnon wrote:
  It's highly unlikely you lost data, as the upgrade would not have
  changed the on-disk metadata. If all else fails, you could boot off
  an LVM-enabled LiveCD and you'll find all your volumes present. But
  first we need to find out what's going on (my machine uses
  baselayout-2 and openrc  my lvm volumes were unaffected.
 
  What output do you get from
  pvscan
  vgscan
  lvscan
  vgchange -a y
 
  and what's in the various logs regarding lvm startup?
 
   

 Ok,

 pvscan says:
     No Matching physical volumes found

ouch. Looks like something is wrong with your lvm metadata. Could you 
confirm that your setup is lvm on top of local RAID, and that there 
isn't anything else involved (shared storage for example).

As a test, I would boot off an LVM enabled live cd and see if the 
volumes are accessible. That will determine if the problem lies with 
lvm, your volumes, or with how your gentoo is set up.

Last time I looked, the Sistina web site and redhat.com has loads of 
very useful info and FAQs. If you haven't already, I recommend you get 
onto those sites and start reading and doing non-destructive tests, as 
lvm errors can be varied and interesting when stuff goes wrong

-- 
Alan McKinnon
alan dot mckinnon at gmail dot com

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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

Alan McKinnon wrote:

On Wednesday 23 April 2008, Matt Harrison wrote:
  

Alan McKinnon wrote:


It's highly unlikely you lost data, as the upgrade would not have
changed the on-disk metadata. If all else fails, you could boot off
an LVM-enabled LiveCD and you'll find all your volumes present. But
first we need to find out what's going on (my machine uses
baselayout-2 and openrc  my lvm volumes were unaffected.

What output do you get from
pvscan
vgscan
lvscan
vgchange -a y

and what's in the various logs regarding lvm startup?

 
  

Ok,

pvscan says:
No Matching physical volumes found



ouch. Looks like something is wrong with your lvm metadata. Could you 
confirm that your setup is lvm on top of local RAID, and that there 
isn't anything else involved (shared storage for example).


As a test, I would boot off an LVM enabled live cd and see if the 
volumes are accessible. That will determine if the problem lies with 
lvm, your volumes, or with how your gentoo is set up.


Last time I looked, the Sistina web site and redhat.com has loads of 
very useful info and FAQs. If you haven't already, I recommend you get 
onto those sites and start reading and doing non-destructive tests, as 
lvm errors can be varied and interesting when stuff goes wrong


  
I can confirm its 6 local drives using md software raid, with lvm stuck 
on top. No shared storage is happening at all.


I'll have a look at everything I can find. I just pray I haven't lost 
anything.


I'm about to burn a live cd, and i'll see what it says about my 
partitions...fingers crossed

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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Michal 'vorner' Vaner
Hello

On Wed, Apr 23, 2008 at 06:05:06AM +0100, Matt Harrison wrote:
 Now after a reboot I can't mount my LVM partitions, my raid is working 
 fine, but nothing I can do will discover my lvm partitions or volumes. If i 
 try to manually start the lvm service, I get the message about it being 
 written for baselayout-2 and not being suitable for baselayout-1.

Do I read correctly you have new version of LVM that needs baselayout 2,
but you have only baselayout 1?

(If so, then probably much of the parallel thread is solving completely
different problem)

-- 
Anything is possible, unless it's not.

Michal 'vorner' Vaner


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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

Matt Harrison wrote:

Alan McKinnon wrote:

On Wednesday 23 April 2008, Matt Harrison wrote:
 

Alan McKinnon wrote:
   

It's highly unlikely you lost data, as the upgrade would not have
changed the on-disk metadata. If all else fails, you could boot off
an LVM-enabled LiveCD and you'll find all your volumes present. But
first we need to find out what's going on (my machine uses
baselayout-2 and openrc  my lvm volumes were unaffected.

What output do you get from
pvscan
vgscan
lvscan
vgchange -a y

and what's in the various logs regarding lvm startup?

 
  

Ok,

pvscan says:
No Matching physical volumes found



ouch. Looks like something is wrong with your lvm metadata. Could you 
confirm that your setup is lvm on top of local RAID, and that there 
isn't anything else involved (shared storage for example).


As a test, I would boot off an LVM enabled live cd and see if the 
volumes are accessible. That will determine if the problem lies with 
lvm, your volumes, or with how your gentoo is set up.


Last time I looked, the Sistina web site and redhat.com has loads of 
very useful info and FAQs. If you haven't already, I recommend you get 
onto those sites and start reading and doing non-destructive tests, as 
lvm errors can be varied and interesting when stuff goes wrong


  
I can confirm its 6 local drives using md software raid, with lvm stuck 
on top. No shared storage is happening at all.


I'll have a look at everything I can find. I just pray I haven't lost 
anything.


I'm about to burn a live cd, and i'll see what it says about my 
partitions...fingers crossed


Ok, some success. I've booted up with the install livecd, and I can 
still access the metadata for my LVM partitions. Everything shows up 
fine, the sizes and usage check out and things seem ok.


So it appears I've not lost my data, just the ability to access it with 
the on-disk install I have.


Now I guess I've gotta either fix it, or re-install and then watch all 
my emerge's really closely to figure out what happened to get into this 
state.


Again, all help very much welcomed and thanks for the support so far :)


With a big sigh of relief,

Matt Harrison
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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

Michal 'vorner' Vaner wrote:

Hello

On Wed, Apr 23, 2008 at 06:05:06AM +0100, Matt Harrison wrote:
Now after a reboot I can't mount my LVM partitions, my raid is working 
fine, but nothing I can do will discover my lvm partitions or volumes. If i 
try to manually start the lvm service, I get the message about it being 
written for baselayout-2 and not being suitable for baselayout-1.


Do I read correctly you have new version of LVM that needs baselayout 2,
but you have only baselayout 1?

(If so, then probably much of the parallel thread is solving completely
different problem)



Problem is, I wasn't watching the emerge, so I'm not sure what did 
happen. It would appear that some package, probably LVM, has gotten out 
of sync with another critical package.


I'm just not sure how to get things back in sync again
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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Michal 'vorner' Vaner
Hello

On Wed, Apr 23, 2008 at 12:14:02PM +0100, Matt Harrison wrote:
 Michal 'vorner' Vaner wrote:
 Do I read correctly you have new version of LVM that needs baselayout 2,
 but you have only baselayout 1?
 (If so, then probably much of the parallel thread is solving completely
 different problem)

 Problem is, I wasn't watching the emerge, so I'm not sure what did happen. 
 It would appear that some package, probably LVM, has gotten out of sync 
 with another critical package.

 I'm just not sure how to get things back in sync again

You could try booting the life CD, mount anything like it should and
chroot to the installation. Then you can check out versions of
baselayout and the LVM packages and the too now one downgrade (or
upgrade the too old one, but it probably means getting into
baselayout-2, if you want it).

I hope it helps.

-- 
Fragile. Do not turn umop ap1sdn!

Michal 'vorner' Vaner


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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

Michal 'vorner' Vaner wrote:

Hello

On Wed, Apr 23, 2008 at 12:14:02PM +0100, Matt Harrison wrote:

Michal 'vorner' Vaner wrote:

Do I read correctly you have new version of LVM that needs baselayout 2,
but you have only baselayout 1?
(If so, then probably much of the parallel thread is solving completely
different problem)
Problem is, I wasn't watching the emerge, so I'm not sure what did happen. 
It would appear that some package, probably LVM, has gotten out of sync 
with another critical package.


I'm just not sure how to get things back in sync again


You could try booting the life CD, mount anything like it should and
chroot to the installation. Then you can check out versions of
baselayout and the LVM packages and the too now one downgrade (or
upgrade the too old one, but it probably means getting into
baselayout-2, if you want it).

I hope it helps.



Ok, I don't think I really want to deal with baselayout 2 unless i 
really have to, does anyone know what version of LVM is safe to regress 
to so I can get access to data again?


I will upgrade to baselayout 2 eventually, but I really have to have 
this operational this week

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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Dirk Heinrichs

ext Matt Harrison schrieb:

Ok, I don't think I really want to deal with baselayout 2 unless i 
really have to, does anyone know what version of LVM is safe to regress 
to so I can get access to data again?


I will upgrade to baselayout 2 eventually, but I really have to have 
this operational this week


There is no eventually. You have OpenRC, you need BL2.

Bye...

Dirk
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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

Dirk Heinrichs wrote:

ext Matt Harrison schrieb:

Ok, I don't think I really want to deal with baselayout 2 unless i 
really have to, does anyone know what version of LVM is safe to 
regress to so I can get access to data again?


I will upgrade to baselayout 2 eventually, but I really have to have 
this operational this week


There is no eventually. You have OpenRC, you need BL2.

Bye...

Dirk


hmm ok. I'll mount up on livecd and emerge bl2. with any luck this will 
sort me out :)


Thanks for the help all
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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Neil Bothwick
On Wed, 23 Apr 2008 12:14:02 +0100, Matt Harrison wrote:

 Problem is, I wasn't watching the emerge, so I'm not sure what did 
 happen.

If you can access the var filesystem from the live CD, you can read
emerge.log and see what you installed just before the problem hit.


-- 
Neil Bothwick

Any sufficiently advanced bug is indistinguishable from a feature.


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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Neil Bothwick
On Wed, 23 Apr 2008 12:22:25 +0100, Matt Harrison wrote:

 Ok, I don't think I really want to deal with baselayout 2 unless i 
 really have to, does anyone know what version of LVM is safe to regress 
 to so I can get access to data again?

You shouldn't need to change LVM versions, baselayout has nothing to do
with actually accessing the LVM data, it simply uses a slightly different
method of starting LVM. I last updated LVM two months ago but no changes
were needed when switching to baselayout2 recently beyond the adding of
the lvm init script to the boot runlevel, which the ebuild took care of.

% genlop lvm2
 * sys-fs/lvm2

[snip]
 Thu Feb  7 19:58:40 2008  sys-fs/lvm2-2.02.33
 Thu Feb 14 08:40:32 2008  sys-fs/lvm2-2.02.33-r1

% genlop baselayout
 * sys-apps/baselayout

[snip]
 Thu Jan 17 16:57:44 2008  sys-apps/baselayout-1.12.11.1
 Mon Mar 31 09:18:36 2008  sys-apps/baselayout-1.12.12
 Wed Apr 16 22:17:52 2008  sys-apps/baselayout-2.0.0

-- 
Neil Bothwick

Stupidity is NOT a handicap. You'll have to park elsewhere.


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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

Neil Bothwick wrote:

On Wed, 23 Apr 2008 12:14:02 +0100, Matt Harrison wrote:

Problem is, I wasn't watching the emerge, so I'm not sure what did 
happen.


If you can access the var filesystem from the live CD, you can read
emerge.log and see what you installed just before the problem hit.




The only thing I can see even remotely related to this that was upgraded 
is mdadm. the rest for the last month is just ruby and rails related stuff.


I've tried to upgrade to BL2, and found it is masked, along with 
openrc...so if those were masked..how did I end up with bits that rely 
on it, without unmasking them? strange.


I tried unmasking them and upgrading...but that just brings up a whole 
new series of problems, such as requiring that udev be removed, and thus 
I don't have access to /dev/hdi or /dev/hdk, so my raid now cannot start.


Looks like I've got no choice but to re-install, and never re-sync my 
portage ever again.


This is a silly problem that just doesn't make sense. The OpenRC 
migration guide doesn't describe anything that solves these problems.

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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

Neil Bothwick wrote:

On Wed, 23 Apr 2008 15:20:00 +0100, Matt Harrison wrote:

I've tried to upgrade to BL2, and found it is masked, along with 
openrc...so if those were masked..how did I end up with bits that rely 
on it, without unmasking them? strange.



Very strange. Baselayout-2 and openrc are both keyword masked and
shouldn't be installed on a stable system. Which bits of
testing/bl2/openrc have you ended up with?




I would appear that its part of lvm and/or mdadm...but I just don't 
know. Everything about BL2 is so hazy, its hard to tell. Basically I 
have a crapped up system and I have a presentation tomorrow :P


So I'm in the process of a partial over the top install. Once it's 
settled in, using the old portage tree that I know and love, I will be 
very wary about any upgrades...and I may just leave it as it is.


I don't see how BL2 has affected me, for as you say it's all masked.

Would be nice if a portage sync alerted me to the fact that the devil is 
now in control of the tree, and my system is likely to die at the 
slightest emerge.


I guess the old adage is true, if it ain't broke, don't fix it. So I 
won't be upgrading anything on my systems until this is a bit clearer.

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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Neil Bothwick
On Wed, 23 Apr 2008 15:54:45 +0100, Matt Harrison wrote:

  Very strange. Baselayout-2 and openrc are both keyword masked and
  shouldn't be installed on a stable system. Which bits of
  testing/bl2/openrc have you ended up with?

 I would appear that its part of lvm and/or mdadm...but I just don't 
 know. Everything about BL2 is so hazy, its hard to tell. Basically I 
 have a crapped up system and I have a presentation tomorrow :P

Neither of those have anything to do with BL2 beyond init scripts that do
nothing but say don't run me under BL1. It sounds more like something
corrupted your LVM setup or metadata.


-- 
Neil Bothwick

Sex is better than logic. You can't prove it, but it is.


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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Matt Harrison

Neil Bothwick wrote:

On Wed, 23 Apr 2008 15:54:45 +0100, Matt Harrison wrote:


Very strange. Baselayout-2 and openrc are both keyword masked and
shouldn't be installed on a stable system. Which bits of
testing/bl2/openrc have you ended up with?


I would appear that its part of lvm and/or mdadm...but I just don't 
know. Everything about BL2 is so hazy, its hard to tell. Basically I 
have a crapped up system and I have a presentation tomorrow :P


Neither of those have anything to do with BL2 beyond init scripts that do
nothing but say don't run me under BL1. It sounds more like something
corrupted your LVM setup or metadata.




Well I would agree, except with my lvm working perfectly under the 
livecd, I just don't know what else to do.


I'm getting on well with the re-install, I've just got a kernel to 
compile and I hope i'll be back on track.


I would just keep booting from the livecd, except that it doesn't 
include iptables. Unless I get it reinstalled, its either data or 
network, but not both :P

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Re: [gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-23 Thread Alan McKinnon
On Wednesday 23 April 2008, Matt Harrison wrote:
 On a side not, I'm not sure if this could the problem:

 I've got one disk on one of my pairs failed. There's a replacement
 disk arriving tomorrow, but the stripe (thats built out of 3 mirrored
 pairs) won't start on its own, I have to manually rebuild the array
 after boot.

 This shouldn't stop it detecting lvm partitions manually should it?

In my experience, no. As long as raid can present a consistent block 
device, lvm does what it should. RAID is designed to do that in a 
mirror configuration.


-- 
Alan McKinnon
alan dot mckinnon at gmail dot com

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[gentoo-user] OpenRC broke my LVM?

2008-04-22 Thread Matt Harrison

Hi folks,

I've been running a gentoo system as my fileserver without problems for 
a while. Its using software raid (1+0) with lvm on top, and its been a 
dream until now.


The other day I did an emerge world and had a message about an sqlite 
ebuild missing from the repository. Well I had other things to do so I 
thought I'd leave that for now (sqlite isn't critical).


Now after a reboot I can't mount my LVM partitions, my raid is working 
fine, but nothing I can do will discover my lvm partitions or volumes. 
If i try to manually start the lvm service, I get the message about it 
being written for baselayout-2 and not being suitable for baselayout-1.


I've managed to find some info about the OpenRC and baselayout-2 change, 
however nothing seems to apply to my situation, and I certainly never 
meant to do an upgrade that would make such a serious change.


Is there some way I can recover my system without having to re-install? 
I've got a lot of data that I would cry if i lost, although I think the 
data is ok...I'm just really confused about this baselayout-2 change.


Because all my partitions (except root and boot) are on LVM, I can't get 
to see if i accidentally installed something wrong, and I can't even try 
to re-emerge lvm etc.


Any tips would be greately appreciated.

Thanks

Matt Harrison
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