[PEN-L:3533] (Fwd) Conference of Socialist Economists
Dear pen-lers, Herewith an announcement of this year's CSE conference in July. Come one, come all... But please email inquries, offers, etc, to Lorna Kennedy at Northumbria, and NOT to me! Hugo Radice. --- Forwarded Message Follows --- From: John Armitage [EMAIL PROTECTED] Organization: University of Northumbria To:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Date: Wed, 27 Mar 1996 08:07:38 GMT Subject: Conference of Socialist Economists Reply-to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] University of Northumbria at Newcastle Conference of Socialist Economists 96 Friday-Sunday 12-14 July 1996 at University of Northumbria at Newcastle RESTRUCTURING THE LEFT Call for Papers on Radical Respoonses to the Following: The Future of Mass Party Organisations The Rise of New Social Movements Fordism, post-Fordism and Flexible Production New Technologies and the Labour Process Global, National and Regional Restructuring of the Capitalist State Modern and Postmodern Culture Papers are welcome on any of the above themes and should be sent to: Lorna Kennedy ( CSE'96 ) School of Social, Political and Economic Sciences Northumberland Building University of Northumbria at Newcastle Sandyford Road NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE NE1 8ST Tel: 0191 227 4937 Fax: 0191 227 3189 E-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[PEN-L:3534] RE: Robin Hood
Re: 'Braveheart', Robin Hood, gore and all that: 'Braveheart' was, of course, filmed in Ireland, not in Scotland Hugo Radice [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[PEN-L:3535] Israel: The Hijack State (VI)
ISRAELIS SHELL LEBANON Since the Sharm el-sheik meeting under the auspices of Egypt and U.S. imperialism, the state-organized terror campaign against Palestinians and their supporters has greatly intensified. Not only has the Israeli state blockaded the Palestinian territories, they have escalated attacks within Lebanon. According to press reports, Israeli troops arrested over 50 Lebanese on March 28, after a lightning raid on the Lebanese village of Bint Jbeil. The arrested people were then transported to the Khiyam detention camp, which many Lebanese have likened to the infamous Nazi concentration camps. Already imprisoned within this prison are over 200 Lebanese, including a dozen women, who have been held for years without either charges being filed or being brought to trial. On Saturday an Israeli tank opened fire at a rooftop where workers were installing a water tank in the Lebanese village of Yater killing two civilians and wounding a third. News reports say that the Israelis continued the attack using artillery overnight, "Low-flying Israeli warplanes screamed down... near the eastern city of Baalbek, releasing heat-seeking balloons and staging mock raids...Israeli shells pounded 13 villages... in the central and western sectors of southern Lebanon." The reports only spoke of heavy material damage but gave no word on human casualties. Residents fled the villages of Yater, Hariss, Kafra and Mansouri to seek refuge in safer areas near the port city of Tyre. Apparently the policy of collective punishment now under way against the Palestinians is to be used against the Lebanese as well. The recent arrests and shelling are said to be in retaliation for the attack on an Israeli military patrol inside Lebanon that resulted in one death, and a rocket attack on Israel. During the Second World War the German Nazis used to kill 10 villagers for the death of one German soldier, or remove a large number of villagers to prison camps to terrorize the population. The U.S. imperialists employed the same barbaric policy in Vietnam, killing all inhabitants and burning entire villages in reprisal for attacks on their troops. Clinton has recently dusted off the old slogan of "Might Is Right" in his intervention in Haiti and the Balkans, and his threats against anyone else who does not toe the American line. It appears the Israelis have wholeheartedly adopted this infamous policy, all the while proclaiming to the world that they are involved in a "peace process." Shawgi Tell University at Buffalo Graduate School of Education [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[PEN-L:3536] Re: PEN-L digest 739
Responding to the following: Date: Fri, 29 Mar 1996 12:26:58 -0800 (PST) From: D Shniad [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: globalization and democracy Rick Wicks asks Trond: Does it follow then that you are in favor of some democratic trans-national federal governing structure through which to regulate multi-national corporations? I'm curious about what you're advocating here, Rick. Something along the lines of the League of Nations or the UN? Sid Shniad Hi Sid, Whatever would work for the purpose and can be accomplished. Suggestions? Regards, Rick
[PEN-L:3537] Kroes romain did not provide any subject!
--=_828409566==_
--=_828409566==_
(Ce fichier doit être converti avec BinHex 4.0)
:$%9$68988NP$,N423`!r2cmr2cmr2`!f!!#CEG$2%H#KX4VK!!!
!!$X!!`$qr`N!"J!!!3%!!")
"r[rrr`!!rrr
rrIrrr``!!!$q"!8'"`J
*#JX0r[lrrrm2%"%5%`!!!"3
9J!!!"FB'3!!!2l
rrrp5!'m!E`"d!#!!43"Z!(3!FJ"j!!!
!J!!2rr!`!*!J!!`!!
!!%B!!!#'%N`E[aql!3-!!!"!%`%!3`"[!'d!F!"2!')
!DJ!
5!!)"!!!
!!')!9`"[!()!C!"%!'m!B`"e!'d!C3"Z!(3
!!"S!!J(r"2r
rrrm1eKB
!!!"2!')!DJ"P!'-!G!"3!'m!E`"X!!!
!J!"!3%#r`!
!KZ8D'VmIZ`''j4SD[aql!3$8$6383!68$3%!!!$qrrr
rrd-!!!"%43!!!%B!!!"(5%N!!!"+5`!!!%`
!!!$qrrr
r!3$qr`-+!!$r!!N#!!$!4K`
!!!"%Ef0eE@9ZG#"0D@0bEh0[CR3J9fpbC#!f,M!!#J!!!%e69fpbC%4[B`!3!!!
!9fpbC#j%Ef0eE@9ZG#if!!!l!!-!r[m*!!B!!!%"!!!
"r[rrr`!!rrr
rrrm
!!#"cG(*TBh3JG(*PEQ3
JEfBJF(*[C(9MG'PfDA4j,#"KEQ3JG'KP)(4bB@jcCQpbE@dD@pZ)'pQ)(4SC5"
TEQ0bC@cD@jR)("bEf4eBh4TGQPdH5"TEL"KEL"KBf0eEA9XBA4TEfiJEfBJGQ
XG@8Z)%ZC#"hD'd)'LEh9d)(0[BfPKE#"MEfe`EfjPER4c)$mJ9'KPH5"PH'P
cG#"TEL"KEL"[G'KPFL"TERCPFh4TCfdD@pZ)(*PCQ9bC@jdD@X)(4SB@iJG'K
P)(0dFQPMG'aj)'9MEfj[E@PM)'pZC5iJ55"dD'PZDb"dD'Pc)'aKFh3JF(*TEQ0
TF'a5394)49)J898)%%J6%P0593J58iJ@8p98L"3dp16de9**3b"06d46-
0$3e0BA*iDA0d)("bC@4TBfdDACP)'9MEfj[E@9dFQPMFb"KFQ8JD@e`Eh0cD@*
XC5`JBQ9MBA9cC5"dD'8JE@TEL"YBA*iDA0d)'9aG@dD@pZ)'Pc)(GbEfjR)'
d)(4SC5"YB@0bEf9MEfj[E@PM)(0MB@aP,L"5C@CPFL"dEb"dD'8JBfpeFQRC@p
eFb"LGA3JG@jcG@0MCA0cCR9XE#"(D@aXE@Z*h-JBA4dC@e`G(-JEfiJFQdC5"
[CL"`FQpQDA3Z)!d05f9jEQ9cD@Z)("bC@4TBfdDACP)'9MEfj[E@9dFQPMFb"
KFQ8JD@e`Eh0cD@*XC5`JBQ9MBA9cC5`JB@e[EQFJEh4SCA*c,#"dD'8JFfmYBf
XE'9N)$`mEA9XG'P`E'PPFMiq)'PcELGd)'9iF'aTBfPd,L"5C@CPFL"dEb"35b"
KGA4SEh*c)'ZC#"`EfaTG'PMD@ZFb"hD'mJBA*P)(0`E'PdG'9N)'*PG(GPC@i
JG'KPDA)JBfpZGQPMG'P[EL"KBQpeG#"dD'8JEQ9MCA0cDA4j)'pQ)'%JBQp[Fh4
TEQFJF'pXD@0j,#"KEQ3JG'KPDA)JFQ9cD@GZBA4TEfiJD@iJGQ9h)'pQ)(4SC5"
cGA"`Eh0PC#"UB@eYD@jR)'MG'P[EL"[CL"TEQCXBA4TEfiZ$3dm2%jPEf0XBA0
cD@0KE$iq)("bC@4TBfdDACP)'9MEfj[E@9dFQPMFb"KFQ8JD@e`Eh0cD@*XC5`
[PEN-L:3538] Wall Street Vindicates Kalecki
Koretz, Gene. 1996. "Do Elections Sway Fed Moves?" Business Week (1 April): p. 22. Since 1972, reports economist John Youngdahl of Goldman Sachs Co., the Fed on average has made more policy shifts in election years than in other year and tightening moves were also more common. Shifts were far less frequent in September and October and more frequent in November and December than in other years. -- Michael Perelman Economics Department California State University Chico, CA 95929 Tel. 916-898-5321 E-Mail [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[PEN-L:3539] Movie review
MOVIE REVIEW. Four stars. "Floundering". Front Films, 1994. Distributed by Alliance. Written, directed and produced by Peter McCarthy. An intermittently funny, searingly honest film, set in the aftermath of the last L.A. rebellion. One man's attempt to find meaning and survive in the dehumanized society that is contemporary Los Angeles. Absolutely amazing. It's not a blockbuster, so you may have to order it in your video store. (Ignore the description on the video cover -- it has little to do with what the film's about.) Sid Shniad
[PEN-L:3541] David M. Gordon Memorial
Many who knew David Gordon personally told us their experiences with him. Some gave us their vivid memories with him. I, on the other hand, knew David through his activities at URPE. His contribution to URPE is invaluable during the fledgling years of the organization. For years David managed URPE meetings at ASSA, participated in plenary sessions in crisis theory when the 1980s crisis was raging under the cruel regime of Reaganomics. He articulated very well his interpretation of the crisis. David's premature death is a big loss to all of us in general and to URPE in particular. We all will miss him. We could relive his legacy and brand of Marxism that he represented by honoring him in a manner that fits to him. I believe URPE should schedule an event for his memory in next URPE-ASSA meetings and a lecture series about his works and his approach in annual URPE meeting, the one like Richard T. Ely Lecture that AEA organizes. In addition, the editorial board of RRPE should announce a special issue in his honor and ask contributions from those who are associated with his works and also from those who are critical of David's analysis. I strongly believe in establishing a tradition of honoring those who have made significant contributions to Marxian analysis and are no longer among us so that their legacy can be kept alive to future generations. Our bourgeois colleagues already have such traditions of honoring their members and we could not do less. Fikret Ceyhun +Fikret Ceyhun voice: (701)777-3348 work + +Dept. of Economics (701)772-5135 home + +Univ. of North Dakota fax:(701)777-5099 + +University Station, Box 8369e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] + +Grand Forks, ND 58202/USA +
[PEN-L:3542] Pac Rim political economy request
Dear subscribers, I was wondering if any of you could suggest excellent, left-leaning, wide-ranging books and/or articles on Pacific Rim political economy of the last 20 years. There's a good section on it in Arrighi's latest, but I'm looking for more. I was especially interested in a regional level of analysis, not a comparative national one -- the interface between W. Coast U.S., E. Asia, and even C. America and Chile, and so on. Thanks in advance for your help. John L. Gulick U. California-Santa Cruz Sociology Graduate Program Research interest: eco-Marxist sociology of the built environment, port authority competition on the West Coast of North America e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[PEN-L:3543] Intolerance has no place
I am appalled by the intolerance shown against one member of this group. I always pride ourselves on the left as tolerant, democracy loving, multiracial and multicultural people who entertain different thoughts whether those thoughts we agree or not. We are not a monolithic group, first. And secondly, there is no place for AD HOMINEM arguments here. This medium is a platform to debate ideas and issues, whether those ideas are to our liking or not. If we don't agree with those ideas, at least courtesy requires that we try to disprove or be quiet. But don't prevent others to read or be exposed to them. Nobody has god-giving role to decide what we should read and what we should not. Let us not become like religious right to censor the media whether it is print, TV or internet. As the saying goes: "treat others as you would have them treat you." Or if you find some piece to be offensive, you have a choice of not reading, just like switching TV channels. But, don't deny other for the opportunity to read and discuss. I have been observing postings on PEN-L for quite long time and the group have discussed wide variety of issues. Why some of us can't now discuss the issues that Shawgi Tell raises if desired so. Shawgi does not force anybody to read or discuss his postings. Or is it that some of us have more privilege to choose what topics to be discussed? I have a grave concern for the narrow-mindedness and such narrow-mindedness has no place here. Let us act like mature intellects. Fikret Ceyhun +Fikret Ceyhun voice: (701)777-3348 work + +Dept. of Economics (701)772-5135 home + +Univ. of North Dakota fax:(701)777-5099 + +University Station, Box 8369e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] + +Grand Forks, ND 58202/USA +
[PEN-L:3544] Re: SSAs and globalization
Recently J. Devine wrote: I agree that "capital is now truly transnational" should be rejected (to quote Eric). Rather, truly transnational capitalism is only _emerging_. It's more accurate (though not totally accurate) to say that money and capital markets are becoming truly transnational. Even then, these markets are quite dependent on the protection of local states. Transnational corporations doing direct investment are even more dependent on this protection. There are some aspects of the world economy where there is little or no state role, but that's where organizations such as BCCI have arisen. The BCCI scandal then evoked efforts by the various states affected to control their own turf and to strengthen "multilateral" institutions. Only when international institutions (the World Bank, IMF, WTO, BIS, NATO, the US, etc.) solidify into a true world state will there be truly "global capitalism," since capitalism without the help of a state is quite unstable. (Without a state, capitalism turns into the Hobbesian Hell.) Though there are tendencies in this direction (as when some U.S. liberals call for the UN to have its own army), it isn't happening soon. COMMENT: But it may be BETTER for capital accumulation not to have a global state. If there were a democratic global state citizens would have the power through the ballot to influence and even determine policy. It is characteristic of the new structures multilateral trade agreements, the World Bank, IMF, that they are beyond the "direct" reach of citizens. Also, threats of capital strikes and demands of debt reduction make the threat of an independent national policy unfavorable to international capital too costly for any "pragmatic" national government including those that are social democratic. There was a recent article in the Economist that pooh=poohed the idea that the national state was losing power. (It was late last fall sometime, a lead editorial. In response to the criticism that the national state could not longer adopt a policy contrary to the interests of capital, the article argued that states never could do so in the long run. The difference now is that the "punishment" for trying to do so is more immediate. So states still have the power to do all those marvelous progressive things described in BEYOND THE WASTELAND however there would be a general capital strike that would make any labor strike look like a Sunday School Picnic. Devine also writes: In the meantime, it's probably best to think in terms of a contradiction between the globalizing tendencies of capital and capitalism's need for states which are (so far) tied down to specific territories. (The old Bolsheviks had a similar conception, more adapted to their era.) COMMENT: But the capitalist need for states is vastly changed. States are used to discipline the working class and in competition with one another provide a better "climate for business". This entails cutting back on social services, agreeing to freer flows of capital, privatizing services so as to provide new outlets for capital investment and profit. The state itself does not engage in production, nor in the provision of services, and the welfare state is to be replaced by the opportunity state in accordance with the new needs of capital. Devine also writes: I'd say that nowadays (given the tendency of wages to stagnate relative to productivity) the main crisis tendencies -- which allow financial problems to be crucial -- are underconsumptionist. This might be (1) "over-investment relative to consumption," where accumulation goes too far relative to consumption for systemic stability or (2) the "underconsumption trap," where (given stagnant accumulation), capitalist efforts to raise profits simply make realization problems worse by pushing consumption down. COMMENT: While this seems reasonable I would make two further points: i) there may be expanded markets for consumption in newly developing countries such as China etc. that may balance reduced or stagnant consumption in developed economies. ii) production and investment may far outrun the ability of resources to sustain them. China for example is already suffering tremendous environmental problems. The migration of capital to less environmentally regulated countries for cheaper production may quickly worsen world environmental problems. Cheers, Ken Hanly
[PEN-L:3545] Re: Y/K
I wrote: the idea of aggregating capital goods isn't a no-no, Doug. It's the idea of using that aggregate in a neoclassical aggregate production function. Doug asks But isn't that the theoretical apparatus behind the BLS's multifactor productivity series? "multifactor productivity" should be rejected out of hand and not only because it assumes an aggregate production function (and perfect competition). But Y/K is just a ratio. Measuring a ratio of nominal output to nominal capital stock ... gives "capital productivity" ... But its inverse is related to the value composition of capital. Falling "capital productivity" is a sign that the v.c.c. is rising, which cet par puts a downspin on profit rates. This sounds like a point of entry into some value controversy, which is something I've resolved never to get involved in. good policy. But I don't think Marxian values play a very important role here. If Y/K falls, that implies that if property income/Y is constant, the rate of profit falls too (and one that at least has some relevance to determining accumulation, unlike most "Marxian" rates of profit I've seen defined). The key issue is how you aggregate K -- with historical prices? with reproduction costs? with market prices? But it's interesting to me that despite all the talk of a new industrial revolution and the deregulation of absolutely everything, the productivity of US capital, at least by the official measure, is still in decline. All the productivity gains have come out of labor. Of course, that's the way it works: if capital can't get an "adequate" profit rate, then labor has to pay. Of course, labor is already paying big time. I would guess that technological improvement raises Y/K for new K but often undermines Y/K for old K. I have to get some K/Y jelly... in pen-l solidarity, Jim Devine [EMAIL PROTECTED] Econ. Dept., Loyola Marymount Univ. 7900 Loyola Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90045-8410 USA 310/338-2948 (daytime, during workweek); FAX: 310/338-1950 "It takes a busload of faith to get by." -- Lou Reed.
[PEN-L:3546] Re: Intolerance has no place
Since I am one of the individuals who expressed displeasure about Tell, I feel that this lesson is directed, in part, at me. Let me say, right off, that I nor anyone else needs to be chastised nor reminded about what is "right" and what's "wrong". Expressing an opinion is not wrong but what IS glaringly wrong is claiming the moral highground (God knows for what reason) and presuming to tell me (or anyone else) what is "politically correct" to do, think or say. Isn't this the behavior of the conservative right? Moreover, I find this repeated equation of what you seem to call `left' (and I would call critical) with liberalism not only misplaced but aggravating. Liberalism argues that all ideas have value, critical thinking distinguishes between those that do and those that don't. Its that simple. Certainly freedom is to be protected but freedom is NOT the absence of restraint. Freedom, is a wholly social concept - it is only in society that human beings are free - hence, an individual's freedom is also defined in relations to the freedom of others. When another impinges on my freedom (as my right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness), then their freedom has reached its limits. If this individual refuses to accept and recognize these limits, we are within our rights to remind them. So, bottom line, spare me (and us) the sermonizing and moralizimg. I, for one, don't need it nor do I need these liberal concerns about censorship. Nobody censored Tell (although I assure you I could since I moderate another list where he posts the same observations), some of us merely expressed the opinion that we had heard enough of his remarks. Tell me, would the "open-minded and freedom loving left" listen to the radical Israeli equivalent of Tell's remarks? I doubt it. Carl Dassbach
[PEN-L:3547] Freedom to Farm plastic
I have a question: How will the farm bill affect the application of genetic engineering to produce non-food commodities in the fields? My friend went to a talk today on genetic engineering and society given by a scientist turned out to be on Monsanto's "science board." He suggested that the removal of farm subsidies would speed a move toward replacing petroleum with genetically engineered plants as the feedstock for lubricants, plastics, and so on. Is this true? And if so, were the Monsantos and Ciba-Geigys pushing for the bill? Tom
[PEN-L:3548] David M. Gordon Memorial Gathering
As advertised on PEN-L, there was a school-wide memorial at the New School earlier this evening. Unfortunately, I was only able to attend the reception afterwards since I had a class to teach. Others can comment on what happened, but I thought that you would be interested in the schedule for the evening: === *MEMORIAL GATHERING* *DAVID M. GORDON, 1944-1996* April 1, 1996 *Prelude* J.S. Bach Suite No. 3 in C Major "Sarabande" Ariane Lallemand, Cello *Speakers* Judith Friedlander Jonathan Fanton John Eatwell Robert Heilbroner *Interlude* F. Schubert Quartet in D Minor "Death and the Maiden" Andante con moto Wen Qian, Violin Theresa Salomon, Violin David Wallace, Viola Ariane Lallemand, Cello *Speakers* Samuel Bowles Jim Stanford Robert Gordon Diana Gordon *Postlude* J.S. Bach Violin Partita in D Minor "Sarabande" Amelia Roosevelt, Violin An exhibition in honor of Professor Gordon is on display in the Raymond Fogelman Library === The exhibition is at 65 5th Avenue in the NSSR's Graduate Faculty building. It is still hard to think of that building or the New School without David. Jerry
[PEN-L:3549] Re: OZ politics
What is a 'pom'? maggie coleman [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[PEN-L:3550] Re: Robin Hood
From a feminist stand point, it appears the powers that be in Nottingham want to rid themselves of the Robin Hood image because Maid Marian did more than sit there and look pretty. She made a political decision to leave the abusive male (the sheriff) and hook up with the male who wanted to treat her as if she had a brain (Robin Hood). All these years, the fact that a mere female managed to diss the sheriff and get away with it AND play a strong role in rebellion is some thing which has irked a long list of sheriffs. They now see a glimmer of hope to put all those rebellious females in their place. maggie coleman [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[PEN-L:3551] RE: output/K
I thought that the main problem in aggregating capital was the lack of a universal measure. For instance, using price is no good because price is indeterminate when used on both sides of the equation. Other measures have similar problems, for instance, how do you quantify both computers and buildings in the same measure? The answer probably lies in quantifying labor inputs -- partly answered in Marx. The answer certainly does not lie in Neo class econs because their mathematical models do not allow for unique conclusions when produced goods are used as inputs. maggie coleman [EMAIL PROTECTED]
[PEN-L:3552] Myth of the Powerless State
THe ECONOMIST article with this title is on Oct. 7, 1995 pp 15-16. My earlier post was not entirely accurate. The argument is that "when it comes to currencies and deficits markets are indeed in command". As the article latter pronounces: "No government of anything resembling a market economy ever controlled output or unemployment. In fiscal policy, as in monetary policy, the state simply never had the powers it is now said to have surrendered." If this is correct then it is an excellent premise from which to argue that the market economy ought to be replaced. Anyway, the myth of the powerless state is partly a myth in that the state never had certain powers according to the ECONOMIST. It isn't that it is powerless now; it always was! It has taken the second coming of the Invisible Hand to make this all clear. Cheers, Ken Hanly P.S. There is a great quote in the article. James Carville, who directed Clinton's 1992 campaign said: "I used to think that, if there were reincarnation, I wanted to come back as president, or the pope. But now I want to be the bond market: you can intimidate everybody." NOTE: A rather strange and revealing wish even in play. He doesn't want to be the POPE to serve the faithful and God but to intimidate people and so with being president.
[PEN-L:3553] RE: output/K
I thought that the main problem in aggregating capital was the lack of a universal measure. For instance, using price is no good because price is indeterminate when used on both sides of the equation. Other measures have similar problems, for instance, how do you quantify both computers and buildings in the same measure? The answer probably lies in quantifying labor inputs -- partly answered in Marx. The answer certainly does not lie in Neo class econs because their mathematical models do not allow for unique conclusions when produced goods are used as inputs. maggie said the above: there is really no problem aggregating capital using some common unit like money. the problem was in the context of neoclassical distribution theory which attempted to explain aggregate profits in terms of the aggregate MPk which required the profits to be known before the MPk could be determined in value terms (value here meaning monetary). obviously nonsense and down the drain went orthodox distribution theory never to be replaced by anything better (in terms of that paradigm). btw, a pom is an expression used by australians for the english. it is multipurpose and can have things appended to it like pommie bastard or whinging pom, all terms of total endearment! it is a throwback to the colonial attitude that the english have always had for us - they cast us as ignorant philistines without any class or culture there is much debate about its origin - what the word actually is derived from. kind regards bill -- ##William F. Mitchell ### Head of Economics Department # University of Newcastle New South Wales, Australia ###*E-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ### Phone: +61 49 215065 # ## ### +61 49 215027 Fax: +61 49 216919 ## WWW Home Page: http://econ-www.newcastle.edu.au/~bill/billyhp.html
[PEN-L:3554] U.S. Income Poverty Stats.
INCOME IN 1989 Households91,993,582 Less than $5,000 5,684,517 $5,000 to $9,999 8,529,980 $10,000 to $14,999 8,133,273 $15,000 to $24,999 16,123,742 $25,000 to $34,999 14,575,125 $35,000 to $49,999 16,428,455 $50,000 to $74,999 13,777,883 $75,000 to $99,999 4,704,808 $100,000 to $149,999 2,593,768 $150,000 or more 1,442,031 Median household income (dollars) 30,056 Families 65,049,428 Less than $5,000 2,582,206 $5,000 to $9,999 3,636,361 $10,000 to $14,999 4,676,092 $15,000 to $24,999 10,658,345 $25,000 to $34,999 10,729,951 Nonfamily households 26,944,154 Less than $5,000 3,311,694 $5,000 to $9,999 5,080,560 $10,000 to $14,999 3,593,796 $15,000 to $24,999 5,577,805 $25,000 to $34,999 3,799,161 $35,000 to $49,999 2,979,107 $50,000 to $74,999 1,685,327 $75,000 to $99,999 482,080 $100,000 to $149,999 274,043 $150,000 or more 160,581 Median nonfamily household income (dollars) 17,240 Per capita income (dollars) 14,420 INCOME TYPE IN 1989 Households91,993,582 With wage and salary income 71,174,232 Mean wage and salary income (dollars) 37,271 With nonfarm self-employment income 10,810,605 Mean nonfarm self-employment income (dollars) 20,218 With farm self-employment income 2,020,105 Mean farm self-employment income (dollars)10,064 With Social Security income 24,210,922 Mean Social Security income (dollars) 7,772 With public assistance income6,943,269 Mean public assistance income (dollars)4,078 With retirement income 14,353,202 Mean retirement income (dollars) 9,216 POVERTY STATUS IN 1989 All persons for whom poverty status is determined241,977,859 Below poverty level 31,742,864 Persons 18 years and over 179,372,340 Below poverty level 20,313,948 Persons 65 years and over 29,562,647 Below poverty level 3,780,585 Related children under 18 years 62,278,655 Below poverty level 11,161,836 Related children under 5 years17,978,025 Below poverty level 3,617,099 Related children 5 to 17 years44,300,630 Below poverty level 7,544,737 Unrelated individuals 36,672,001 Below poverty level 8,873,475 All families 65,049,428 Below poverty level 6,487,515 With related children under 18 years33,536,660 Below poverty level 4,992,845 With related children under 5 years 14,250,048 Below poverty level 2,613,626 Female householder families
