Subhanallaah! Brother Yusuf Estes sungguh sangat bijak dalam mencoba memberikan jawaban atas pertanyaan khususnya untuk ayat 34 surat Annisa ini.
Terima kasih mba atas sharingnya ...! satriyo --- In wanita-muslimah@yahoogroups.com, "Flora Pamungkas" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > Satu lagi penjelasan perihal topik yang sedang dibicarakan, yaitu memukul > isteri. > Diuraikan oleh Sheikh Yusuf Estes, seorang mantan pendeta dari Texas, USA > di web sitenya : www.shareislam.com atau di link tsb di bawah ini:. > > http://www.islamtomorrow.com/articles/women_treatment.htm > > > Question: > > Could you please tell me why the Quran tells men to "beat them" meaning > their wives? (chapter 4, verse 34) > > Answer: > > Thank you for asking about Islam. It is our committment to try our best to > provide answers to questions to the best of our ability. However, sometimes > we come across questions for which we do not have answers. In this case we > will refer you to others who may be able to provide you with proper answers. > > Please be aware that we as Muslims, must never lie about anything, > especially our religion. > > Secondly, we do have the original text of the Quran and the preserved > teachings of Muhammad, peace be upon him. This enables us to verify exactly > what was said, intended and taught by Muhammad, peace be upon him, as being > the religion of Islam. > > Third, I would like to remind myself and all who read this in the future > that not all questions are purely questions. Some contain statements and > implications, that may or may not be true. > > Finally, it is important to keep in mind anytime we discover something in > the answers to actually be better than what we already have, we should be > committed to change our position and accept that which is true over that > which is false and take that which is better for that which is inferior. > > After taking all of the above into consideration, if we find that the answer > to this question provides us with a better approach to understanding what > Almighty God has provided us with as a way of life on this earth and in the > Next Life, we should then make the logical decsion to begin to worship Him > on His terms. > > Having said that, let us now look to the particular verse in question in the > original text (Arabic), followed by the phonetic sounds in Latin letters and > then finally, followed by a translation of the meaning to the English > language by experts in both Arabic and in Quranic meanings. > > > Transliteration > Alrrijalu qawwamoona AAala alnnisa-i bima faddala Allahu baAAdahum AAala > baAAdin wabima anfaqoo min amwalihim faalssalihatu qanitatun hafithatun > lilghaybi bima hafitha Allahu waallatee takhafoona nushoozahunna > faAAithoohunna waohjuroohunna fee almadajiAAi waidriboohunna fa-in > ataAAnakum fala tabghoo AAalayhinna sabeelan inna Allaha kana AAaliyyan > kabeeran > > Explanation (tafsir) of Sura 4:34 > Here is the translation of meaning of the verse as best can be defined > according to the rules of understanding Quran with the explanations > following this translation: > > "Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has made one > of them to excel the other, and because they spend (to support them) from > their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient (to Allah), > and guard in the husband's absence what Allah orders them to guard (e.g. > their chastity, their husband's property, etc.). Regarding the woman who is > guilty of lewd, or indecent behavior, admonish her (if she continues in this > indecency then), stop sharing her bed (if she still continues doing this > lewd behavior, then), [set forth for her the clear meaning of either > straighten up or else we are finished and when she returns to proper > behavior take up sharing the bed with her again], but if she returns in > obedience (to proper behavior and conduct) then seek not against them means > (of annoyance). Surely, Allah is Ever Most High, Most Great." > > Meaning of the Words > For the three words fa'izu, wahjaru, and wadribu in the original, translated > here `speak to them in a persuasive manner', `leave them alone (in bed - fi > l-madage'),' and `have intercourse', respectively, see Raghib Lisan al-'Arab > and Zamakhsari. Raghib in his Al-Mufridat fi Gharib al-Qur'an gives the > meanings of these words with special reference to this verse. Fa- 'izu, he > says, means to 'to talk to them so persuasively as to melt their hearts.' > (See also v.63 of this Surah where it has been used in a similar sense.) > > Hajara - Wahjaru (do not touch or moleste them) > Hajara, he says, means to separate body from body, and points out that the > expression wahjaru hunna metaphorically means to refrain from touching or > molesting them. Zamakhshari is more explicit in his Kshshaf when he says, > do not get inside their blankets.' > > Here is the translation of meaning of the verse as best can be defined > according to the rules of understanding Quran with the explanations > following this translation: > > "Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has made one > of them to excel the other, and because they spend (to support them) from > their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient (to Allah), > and guard in the husband's absence what Allah orders them to guard (e.g. > their chastity, their husband's property, etc.). Regarding women guilty of > lewd, or indecent behavior, admonish her (if she continues in this indecency > then), stop sharing her bed (if she still continues doing this lewd behavior > then), [set forth for her the clear meaning of either straighten up or else > we are finished and when she returns to proper behavior take up sharing the > bed with her again], but if she returns in obedience (to proper behavior and > conduct) then seek not against them means (of annoyance). Surely, Allah is > Ever Most High, Most Great." > > Let me begin by explaining the English language is not powerful enough when > it comes to translating the meanings of the Arabic of the Quran. Nor for > that matter, is any other language on earth. So, all we have is translations > of meanings according to the best understanding of the translators. > > The operative word in this verse in Arabic is "daraba." While there are > literally hundreds of uses for this word varying from "tap" to "walk in > stride" to "strike at something" to "set a clear example", the only meaning > that can be assigned to something in the Quran must be according to the > rules of Quran. And Allah has used the same word a number of times with a > consistent meaning. Let us examine them. > > Here is what we find from the scholars of the Arabic language: > > Daraba (to have intercourse, not to beat) > Raghib points out that daraba metaphorically means to have intercourse, and > quotes the expression darab al-fahl an-naqah, 'the stud camel covered the > she-camel,' which is also quoted by Lisan al-'Arab. It cannot be taken here > to mean 'to strike them (women).' This view is strengthened by the Prophet's > authentic hadith found in a number of authorities, including Bukhari and > Muslim: "Could any of you beat your wife as he would a slave, and then lie > with her in the evening?" There are other traditions in Abu Da'ud, Nasa'i, > Ibn Majah, Ahmad bin Hanbal and others, to the effect that he forbade the > beating of any woman, saying: "Never beat God's handmaidens." > > Source: al-Qur'an: a contemporary translation by Ahmed Ali, Princeton > University Press, 1988; pp78-79 > > Daraba (to set forth, to make a clear statement or proclamation) > > One of the key rules of understanding words of the Quran is to go to other > places in the Quran to investigate the usage in other places. This word is > used by Allah in other places in the Quran to mean "set forth" or "sets up > for you" or "makes known to you" - as is demonstrated in the following > verses: > > Surah Ar-Ra'd (13:17) yadribu Allahu al-amthala "Thus Allah sets forth a > parable" > [here the word "yadirbu" is from the exact same root da-ra-ba] > > Surah Ibrahim (14:24): Alam tara kayfa daraba Allahu mathalan .. "Don't you > see how Allah sets forth a parable?.." > > And again in the next verse: Surah Ibrahim (14:25) wa yadribu Allahu > al-amthala li-naasi > "..and Allah sets forth parables for mankind.." > [again the word yadirbu is from da-ra-ba] > > Surah An-Nur (24:35) wa yadribu Allahu al0amthala lin-naasi > "And Allah sets forth parables for mankind.." > > Surah Ar-Rum (30:28) Daraba lakum mathalan min anfusikum > "He sets forth for you a parable from yourselves.." > > Surah At-Tahreem (66:10) Daraba Allahu mathalan lillatheena kafaroo.. > "Allah sets forth an example for those disbelievers.." > > In fact, the word daraba has not been translated to mean (beat) or (hit) or > (strike) in any other verse of the Quran except this one. > > The words for (beat) as in [to hit] found in Surah Baqarah 2:275 ... kama > yaqoomu allathee yatakhabbatuhu ash-shaytanu mina almassi.. > "..like the standing of someone beaten by the devil (Satan) leading him to > insanity." > > And in Surah Ta Ha 20:18 Allah Says, "Qala hiya Aasaya atawakkao Aalayha > waahushshu biha Aala ghanamee waliya feeha maaribu okhra." > "This is my stick, whereon I lean, and wherewith I beat down branches for my > sheep and wherein I find other uses." > As you can see, these are not even related to the word (daraba). > > Verses 34 and 35 in Surah An-Nisaa' need to be read together to understand > this is the proper relationship between men and women in general and husband > and wife specifically. > > Islam seeks to hold the family together and to make peace and reconciliation > between spouses. The next verse makes it clear what to do in the case where > it seems that divorce may be the result of the uncorrected bad behavior. It > stresses appointing arbitrators from both sides and seeks reconciliation. > > The first part of 34 deals with all men taking care of all women. Then goes > on to explain the wife's proper obedience to Allah because He is the One Who > has ordained this relationship of provision and protection for her and to be > appreciative and respectful of her husband, guarding herself and his > property in his absence. The man is told the proper way to behave when he > finds his wife not complying with decency and proper behavior of a Muslim > wife. He has a direct order to begin with admonishing her and then if there > is compliance to leave her be and don't give her a hard time about it. > However, if this continues, he should not have sex with her and this makes > it clear to her that he is most serious and this not a joke. Again, if she > comes around then he is to let it go and not bother her about it. Finally, > if she still insists on such lewdness and bad conduct, he is to make it > clear to her in no uncertain terms that they are going to be heading for > separation or even divorce unless she comes back to proper behavior. Again, > if she complies, then he should not bring it up and return to the bed with > her. > > And of course, this is all in an effort to translate one short but powerful > phrase from Arabic to English. The sources are quoted herein and there may > be other interpretations but the only acceptable ones are those based on the > teachings of the Quran and the prophet, peace be upon him. > > And as always, Allahu 'Alim (Allah is the Knower) > > Source: al-Qur'an: a contemporary translation by Ahmed Ali, Princeton > University Press, 1988; pp78-79 > > In the past, some translators of this verse have mistakeningly used the word > "beat" or "hit" or even "scourge" (as in the case of an old translation) to > represent the word "daraba" in Arabic. This is not the opinion of all > scholars especially Raghib and Zamakhshari as mentioned above and those who > are well grounded in both Islam understanding and the English language. > > 34. > Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allâh has made one > of them to excel the other, and because they spend (to support them) from > their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient (to Allâh > and to their husbands), and guard in the husband's absence what Allâh orders > them to guard (e.g. their chastity, their husband's property, etc.). As to > those women on whose part you see illconduct, admonish them (first), (next) > refuse to share their beds, (and last) beat them (lightly, if it is useful) > but if they return to obedience, seek not against them means (of annoyance) > Surely, Allâh is Ever Most High, Most Great. > > The understanding now is that some of the translations are not properly > representing the spirit of the meaning. Therefore, they cannot be considered > to be the representation of what has been intended by Almighty God. > > Now we can properly understand that Almighty God has commanded the men to > provide for the women and allow them to keep all of their wealth, > inheritance and income without demanding anything from them for support and > maintenance. Additionally, if she should be guilty of lewd or indecent > conduct, the husband is told to first, admonish her and then if she would > cease this lewdness. If she should continue in this indecency, then he > should no longer share the bed with her, and this would continue for a > period of time. Finally, if she would repent then he would take up sharing > the bed with her again. > > And Allah is All Knowing of the meanings. > > ----------------------------- > > Re: Versi Baru Terjemahan "wadhribuu hunna" (An-Nisa 34) > Posted by: "Dwi W. Soegardi" [EMAIL PROTECTED] soegardi > Tue Mar 27, 2007 8:02 am (PST) > dulu: ".... dan PUKULLAH mereka (istri-istrimu) ..." > sekarang: ".... dan TINGGALKANLAH mereka (istri-istrimu) ...." > > Berikut ini terjemahan dari artikel tentang terjemahan al-Quran versi > Laleh Bakhtiar, dari Syirah Online. > > http://www.syirah.com/syirah_ol/online_detail > php?id_kategori_isi=853&PHPSESSID=8022f9afeb672ef0e64f9906020f9b09 > > Terjemahan Baru Mengundang Debat atas Ayat AL-Quran > 27-3-2007 > Oleh : NEW YORK TIMES > > ---------------- dst---------------- > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] >
