I2C needs pull-up resistors to work.
There are no pull-up resistors on the BBB board, on I2C-2.
There are some 10K pull up resistors on the MPU-9250 breakout board.
So, if you disconnect the MPU-9250 breakout board when you hook up the 
oscilloscope, then the bus can't work.
You need to bridge the SDA and SCL lines with the oscilloscope, with the 
MPU-9250 connected in order to see anything on the osciloscope.

I note that you are trying to run the MPU-9250 over a long cable, perhaps 
several feet long.
I can't tell from your photos.

I2C is NOT a cable protocol.  It is intended for communications between ICs 
on the same PC board, or close together.

So, I would start by getting the MPU-9250 to work with the Beaglebone using 
four short connecting wires, not over 6 inches (15 cm) long.

I would recommend using the most recent 'release' version of Debian.  (
Debian 8.6 2016-11-06 
<https://debian.beagleboard.org/images/bone-debian-8.6-lxqt-4gb-armhf-2016-11-06-4gb.img.xz>
)

With the MPU-9250 connected to the BBB, and booted,
You should have +3.3 Volts on the Vdd pin of the MPU-9250 breakout board
You should have 0 Volts on the GND pin of the MPU-9250 breakout board
Both the SDA and the SCL lines should be idling at +3.3V, with no 
communications active.

With the oscilloscope bridging the connected SDA and SCL lines, 
run "i2cdetect -y -r 2"
You should see a lot of activity on both the SCL line and the SDA line for 
a fraction of a second.

If you are going to remote the MPU-9250 over a cable, there are things that 
can be done, but get it running on short, close leads, first.

--- Graham

==


On Friday, March 10, 2017 at 9:27:14 AM UTC-6, Graham wrote:
>
> If you have a current version of Debian 8, with the cape manager, 
> THEN I2C-2 IS ALREADY ENABLED.
> IT IS ALREADY BROUGHT OUT ON  P9_19 and P9_20
> Start with that one, Don't mess with I2C-1. If you touch the EEPROM on 
> I2C-1, you can brick the unit. It is intended for internal use.
> Get your part working on I2C-2, before you start messing with other things.
>
> put your part on P9-19 and P9-20, then boot, then run "i2cdetect -y -r 2"
>
> If you wired it up right, it will be there.
>
> ==
>
> On Friday, March 10, 2017 at 9:08:39 AM UTC-6, christ christ wrote:
>>
>> Hi Graham, 
>> I have been using the latest version of Debien, for three days now with 
>> the same result. 
>> On the other hand i checked with the oscilloscope the SDA and SCL lines 
>> are not acting like they are supposed to act (even on the default P9_19 and 
>> P9_20).
>>
>> Thought maybe they all need to be enable.Tried the following method but 
>> in vain (NO such file or directory is the response i'm getting)
>> *To enable the I2c-1 on the BeagleBone Black Rev A, B and C:*
>>
>>    1. Rev A/B: Open the file /media/BEAGLEBONE/uEnv.txt in an editor 
>>    (vim/nano)
>>    2. Rec C: Open the file /boot/uboot/uEnv.txt in an editor (vim/nano)
>>    3. Add the key "capemgr.enable_partno="
>>    4. Add the ports you want to enable, comma separated (BB-I2C0, 
>>    BB-I2C1, etc)
>>    5. Reboot.
>>
>> Am i right to say the I2c buses are not enable? or is it another proble?
>>
>> On Thu, Mar 9, 2017 at 4:25 PM, Graham <[email protected]> wrote:
>>
>>> Then it is not wired or connected correctly.
>>> Put an oscilloscope on the data and clock lines and see if they are 
>>> doing what they are supposed to do.
>>> It also looks like you are using an old version of the OS.
>>> Move to Debian 8, and you should see the I2C devices on bus 2.
>>> Hook the I2C Clock to P9-19.  Hook the I2C data to P9-20.
>>> You should not have to mess with the device tree or pin configuration.
>>> Power and ground also required.
>>>
>>> --- Graham
>>>
>>> ==
>>>
>>> On Thursday, March 9, 2017 at 6:52:04 AM UTC-6, christ christ wrote:
>>>>
>>>> The MPU-9250 breakout from spark fun come with pull up resistors.
>>>>
>>>> On 09 Mar 2017 00:42, "Graham" <[email protected]> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> Something is not wired right.
>>>>> Did you put pull-up resistors on the I2C lines?
>>>>> --- Graham
>>>>>
>>>>> ==
>>>>>
>>>>> On Wednesday, March 8, 2017 at 12:02:04 PM UTC-6, [email protected] 
>>>>> wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Hi Guys,
>>>>>>
>>>>>> I’m struggling to get the device address (MPU-9250). i got to the 
>>>>>> following stage:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> root@beaglebone:~# sudo i2cdetect -r 0
>>>>>> WARNING! This program can confuse your I2C bus, cause data loss and 
>>>>>> worse!
>>>>>> I will probe file /dev/i2c-0 using read byte commands.
>>>>>> I will probe address range 0x03-0x77.
>>>>>> Continue? [Y/n] y
>>>>>> 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f
>>>>>> 00: — — — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 10: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 20: — — — — UU — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 30: — — — — UU — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 40: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 50: UU — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 60: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 70: UU — — — — — — —
>>>>>> root@beaglebone:~# sudo i2cdetect -r 1
>>>>>> WARNING! This program can confuse your I2C bus, cause data loss and 
>>>>>> worse!
>>>>>> I will probe file /dev/i2c-1 using read byte commands.
>>>>>> I will probe address range 0x03-0x77.
>>>>>> Continue? [Y/n] y
>>>>>> 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f
>>>>>> 00: — — — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 10: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 20: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 30: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 40: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 50: — — — — UU UU UU UU — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 60: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
>>>>>> 70: — — — — — — — —
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> But even after connecting my device It is still the same (I mean it 
>>>>>> still doesn't show the device's address). Any advise?
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Thanks
>>>>>>
>>>>>
>>

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