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+ The little mermaid Far out in the ocean , where the water is as blue as 
the prettiest cornflower , and as clear as crystal , it is very , very deep ; 
so deep , indeed , that no cable could fathom it : many church steeples , piled 
one upon another , would not reach from the ground beneath to the surface of 
the water above . There dwell the Sea King and his subjects . We must not 
imagine that there is nothing at the bottom of the sea but bare yellow sand . 
No , indeed ; the most singular flowers and plants grow there ; the leaves and 
stems of which are so pliant , that the slightest agitation of the water causes 
them to stir as if they had life . Fishes , both large and small , glide 
between the branches , as birds fly among the trees here upon land . In the 
deepest spot of all , stands the castle of the Sea King . Its walls are built 
of coral , and the long , gothic windows are of the clearest amber . The roof 
is formed of shells , that open and close as the water flows over them
  . Their appearance is very beautiful , for in each lies a glittering pearl , 
which would be fit for the diadem of a queen . The Sea King had been a widower 
for many years , and his aged mother kept house for him . She was a very wise 
woman , and exceedingly proud of her high birth ; on that account she wore 
twelve oysters on her tail ; while others , also of high rank , were only 
allowed to wear six . She was , however , deserving of very great praise , 
especially for her care of the little sea-princesses , her grand-daughters . 
They were six beautiful children ; but the youngest was the prettiest of them 
all ; her skin was as clear and delicate as a rose-leaf , and her eyes as blue 
as the deepest sea ; but , like all the others , she had no feet , and her body 
ended in a fish 's tail . All day long they played in the great halls of the 
castle , or among the living flowers that grew out of the walls . The large 
amber windows were open , and the fish swam in , just as the swallows f
 ly into our houses when we open the windows , excepting that the fishes swam 
up to the princesses , ate out of their hands , and allowed themselves to be 
stroked . Outside the castle there was a beautiful garden , in which grew 
bright red and dark blue flowers , and blossoms like flames of fire ; the fruit 
glittered like gold , and the leaves and stems waved to and fro continually . 
The earth itself was the finest sand , but blue as the flame of burning sulphur 
. Over everything lay a peculiar blue radiance , as if it were surrounded by 
the air from above , through which the blue sky shone , instead of the dark 
depths of the sea . In calm weather the sun could be seen , looking like a 
purple flower , with the light streaming from the calyx . Each of the young 
princesses had a little plot of ground in the garden , where she might dig and 
plant as she pleased . One arranged her flower-bed into the form of a whale ; 
another thought it better to make hers like the figure of a little mer
 maid ; but that of the youngest was round like the sun , and contained flowers 
as red as his rays at sunset . She was a strange child , quiet and thoughtful ; 
and while her sisters would be delighted with the wonderful things which they 
obtained from the wrecks of vessels , she cared for nothing but her pretty red 
flowers , like the sun , excepting a beautiful marble statue . It was the 
representation of a handsome boy , carved out of pure white stone , which had 
fallen to the bottom of the sea from a wreck . She planted by the statue a 
rose-colored weeping willow . It grew splendidly , and very soon hung its fresh 
branches over the statue , almost down to the blue sands . The shadow had a 
violet tint , and waved to and fro like the branches ; it seemed as if the 
crown of the tree and the root were at play , and trying to kiss each other . 
Nothing gave her so much pleasure as to hear about the world above the sea . 
She made her old grandmother tell her all she knew of the ships and 
 of the towns , the people and the animals . To her it seemed most wonderful 
and beautiful to hear that the flowers of the land should have fragrance , and 
not those below the sea ; that the trees of the forest should be green ; and 
that the fishes among the trees could sing so sweetly , that it was quite a 
pleasure to hear them . Her grandmother called the little birds fishes , or she 
would not have understood her ; for she had never seen birds . “ When you 
have reached your fifteenth year , ” said the grand-mother , “ you will 
have permission to rise up out of the sea , to sit on the rocks in the 
moonlight , while the great ships are sailing by ; and then you will see both 
forests and towns . ” In the following year , one of the sisters would be 
fifteen : but as each was a year younger than the other , the youngest would 
have to wait five years before her turn came to rise up from the bottom of the 
ocean , and see the earth as we do . However , each promised to tell the oth
 ers what she saw on her first visit , and what she thought the most beautiful 
; for their grandmother could not tell them enough ; there were so many things 
on which they wanted information . None of them longed so much for her turn to 
come as the youngest , she who had the longest time to wait , and who was so 
quiet and thoughtful . Many nights she stood by the open window , looking up 
through the dark blue water , and watching the fish as they splashed about with 
their fins and tails . She could see the moon and stars shining faintly ; but 
through the water they looked larger than they do to our eyes . When something 
like a black cloud passed between her and them , she knew that it was either a 
whale swimming over her head , or a ship full of human beings , who never 
imagined that a pretty little mermaid was standing beneath them , holding out 
her white hands towards the keel of their ship . As soon as the eldest was 
fifteen , she was allowed to rise to the surface of the ocean . 
 When she came back , she had hundreds of things to talk about ; but the most 
beautiful , she said , was to lie in the moonlight , on a sandbank , in the 
quiet sea , near the coast , and to gaze on a large town nearby , where the 
lights were twinkling like hundreds of stars ; to listen to the sounds of the 
music , the noise of carriages , and the voices of human beings , and then to 
hear the merry bells peal out from the church steeples ; and because she could 
not go near to all those wonderful things , she longed for them more than ever 
. Oh , did not the youngest sister listen eagerly to all these descriptions ? 
and afterwards , when she stood at the open window looking up through the dark 
blue water , she thought of the great city , with all its bustle and noise , 
and even fancied she could hear the sound of the church bells , down in the 
depths of the sea . In another year the second sister received permission to 
rise to the surface of the water , and to swim about where she plea
 sed . She rose just as the sun was setting , and this , she said , was the 
most beautiful sight of all . The whole sky looked like gold , while violet and 
rose-colored clouds , which she could not describe , floated over her ; and , 
still more rapidly than the clouds , flew a large flock of wild swans towards 
the setting sun , looking like a long white veil across the sea . She also swam 
towards the sun ; but it sunk into the waves , and the rosy tints faded from 
the clouds and from the sea . The third sister 's turn followed ; she was the 
boldest of them all , and she swam up a broad river that emptied itself into 
the sea . On the banks she saw green hills covered with beautiful vines ; 
palaces and castles peeped out from amid the proud trees of the forest ; she 
heard the birds singing , and the rays of the sun were so powerful that she was 
obliged often to dive down under the water to cool her burning face . In a 
narrow creek she found a whole troop of little human children , quit
 e naked , and sporting about in the water ; she wanted to play with them , but 
they fled in a great fright ; and then a little black animal came to the water 
; it was a dog , but she did not know that , for she had never before seen one 
. This animal barked at her so terribly that she became frightened , and rushed 
back to the open sea . But she said she should never forget the beautiful 
forest , the green hills , and the pretty little children who could swim in the 
water , although they had not fish 's tails . The fourth sister was more timid 
; she remained in the midst of the sea , but she said it was quite as beautiful 
there as nearer the land . She could see for so many miles around her , and the 
sky above looked like a bell of glass . She had seen the ships , but at such a 
great distance that they looked like sea-gulls . The dolphins sported in the 
waves , and the great whales spouted water from their nostrils till it seemed 
as if a hundred fountains were playing in every direc
 tion . The fifth sister 's birthday occurred in the winter ; so when her turn 
came , she saw what the others had not seen the first time they went up . The 
sea looked quite green , and large icebergs were floating about , each like a 
pearl , she said , but larger and loftier than the churches built by men . They 
were of the most singular shapes , and glittered like diamonds . She had seated 
herself upon one of the largest , and let the wind play with her long hair , 
and she remarked that all the ships sailed by rapidly , and steered as far away 
as they could from the iceberg , as if they were afraid of it . Towards evening 
, as the sun went down , dark clouds covered the sky , the thunder rolled and 
the lightning flashed , and the red light glowed on the icebergs as they rocked 
and tossed on the heaving sea . On all the ships the sails were reefed with 
fear and trembling , while she sat calmly on the floating iceberg , watching 
the blue lightning , as it darted its forked flashes in
 to the sea . When first the sisters had permission to rise to the surface , 
they were each delighted with the new and beautiful sights they saw ; but now , 
as grown-up girls , they could go when they pleased , and they had become 
indifferent about it . They wished themselves back again in the water , and 
after a month had passed they said it was much more beautiful down below , and 
pleasanter to be at home . Yet often , in the evening hours , the five sisters 
would twine their arms round each other , and rise to the surface , in a row . 
They had more beautiful voices than any human being could have ; and before the 
approach of a storm , and when they expected a ship would be lost , they swam 
before the vessel , and sang sweetly of the delights to be found in the depths 
of the sea , and begging the sailors not to fear if they sank to the bottom . 
But the sailors could not understand the song , they took it for the howling of 
the storm . And these things were never to be beautiful for
  them ; for if the ship sank , the men were drowned , and their dead bodies 
alone reached the palace of the Sea King . When the sisters rose , arm-in-arm , 
through the water in this way , their youngest sister would stand quite alone , 
looking after them , ready to cry , only that the mermaids have no tears , and 
therefore they suffer more . “ Oh , were I but fifteen years old , ” said 
she : “ I know that I shall love the world up there , and all the people who 
live in it . ” At last she reached her fifteenth year . “ Well , now , you 
are grown up , ” said the old dowager , her grandmother ; “ so you must let 
me adorn you like your other sisters ; ” and she placed a wreath of white 
lilies in her hair , and every flower leaf was half a pearl . Then the old lady 
ordered eight great oysters to attach themselves to the tail of the princess to 
show her high rank . “ But they hurt me so , ” said the little mermaid . 
“ Pride must suffer pain , ” replied the old lady
  . Oh , how gladly she would have shaken off all this grandeur , and laid 
aside the heavy wreath ! The red flowers in her own garden would have suited 
her much better , but she could not help herself : so she said , “ Farewell , 
” and rose as lightly as a bubble to the surface of the water . The sun had 
just set as she raised her head above the waves ; but the clouds were tinted 
with crimson and gold , and through the glimmering twilight beamed the evening 
star in all its beauty . The sea was calm , and the air mild and fresh . A 
large ship , with three masts , lay becalmed on the water , with only one sail 
set ; for not a breeze stiffed , and the sailors sat idle on deck or amongst 
the rigging . There was music and song on board ; and , as darkness came on , a 
hundred colored lanterns were lighted , as if the flags of all nations waved in 
the air . The little mermaid swam close to the cabin windows ; and now and then 
, as the waves lifted her up , she could look in through clea
 r glass window-panes , and see a number of well-dressed people within . Among 
them was a young prince , the most beautiful of all , with large black eyes ; 
he was sixteen years of age , and his birthday was being kept with much 
rejoicing . The sailors were dancing on deck , but when the prince came out of 
the cabin , more than a hundred rockets rose in the air , making it as bright 
as day . The little mermaid was so startled that she dived under water ; and 
when she again stretched out her head , it appeared as if all the stars of 
heaven were falling around her , she had never seen such fireworks before . 
Great suns spurted fire about , splendid fireflies flew into the blue air , and 
everything was reflected in the clear , calm sea beneath . The ship itself was 
so brightly illuminated that all the people , and even the smallest rope , 
could be distinctly and plainly seen . And how handsome the young prince looked 
, as he pressed the hands of all present and smiled at them , while th
 e music resounded through the clear night air . It was very late ; yet the 
little mermaid could not take her eyes from the ship , or from the beautiful 
prince . The colored lanterns had been extinguished , no more rockets rose in 
the air , and the cannon had ceased firing ; but the sea became restless , and 
a moaning , grumbling sound could be heard beneath the waves : still the little 
mermaid remained by the cabin window , rocking up and down on the water , which 
enabled her to look in . After a while , the sails were quickly unfurled , and 
the noble ship continued her passage ; but soon the waves rose higher , heavy 
clouds darkened the sky , and lightning appeared in the distance . A dreadful 
storm was approaching ; once more the sails were reefed , and the great ship 
pursued her flying course over the raging sea . The waves rose mountains high , 
as if they would have overtopped the mast ; but the ship dived like a swan 
between them , and then rose again on their lofty , foaming c
 rests . To the little mermaid this appeared pleasant sport ; not so to the 
sailors . At length the ship groaned and creaked ; the thick planks gave way 
under the lashing of the sea as it broke over the deck ; the mainmast snapped 
asunder like a reed ; the ship lay over on her side ; and the water rushed in . 
The little mermaid now perceived that the crew were in danger ; even she 
herself was obliged to be careful to avoid the beams and planks of the wreck 
which lay scattered on the water . At one moment it was so pitch dark that she 
could not see a single object , but a flash of lightning revealed the whole 
scene ; she could see every one who had been on board excepting the prince ; 
when the ship parted , she had seen him sink into the deep waves , and she was 
glad , for she thought he would now be with her ; and then she remembered that 
human beings could not live in the water , so that when he got down to her 
father 's palace he would be quite dead . But he must not die . So she s
 wam about among the beams and planks which strewed the surface of the sea , 
forgetting that they could crush her to pieces . Then she dived deeply under 
the dark waters , rising and falling with the waves , till at length she 
managed to reach the young prince , who was fast losing the power of swimming 
in that stormy sea . His limbs were failing him , his beautiful eyes were 
closed , and he would have died had not the little mermaid come to his 
assistance . She held his head above the water , and let the waves drift them 
where they would . In the morning the storm had ceased ; but of the ship not a 
single fragment could be seen . The sun rose up red and glowing from the water 
, and its beams brought back the hue of health to the prince 's cheeks ; but 
his eyes remained closed . The mermaid kissed his high , smooth forehead , and 
stroked back his wet hair ; he seemed to her like the marble statue in her 
little garden , and she kissed him again , and wished that he might live . 
Presen
 tly they came in sight of land ; she saw lofty blue mountains , on which the 
white snow rested as if a flock of swans were lying upon them . Near the coast 
were beautiful green forests , and close by stood a large building , whether a 
church or a convent she could not tell . Orange and citron trees grew in the 
garden , and before the door stood lofty palms . The sea here formed a little 
bay , in which the water was quite still , but very deep ; so she swam with the 
handsome prince to the beach , which was covered with fine , white sand , and 
there she laid him in the warm sunshine , taking care to raise his head higher 
than his body . Then bells sounded in the large white building , and a number 
of young girls came into the garden . The little mermaid swam out farther from 
the shore and placed herself between some high rocks that rose out of the water 
; then she covered her head and neck with the foam of the sea so that her 
little face might not be seen , and watched to see what wou
 ld become of the poor prince . She did not wait long before she saw a young 
girl approach the spot where he lay . She seemed frightened at first , but only 
for a moment ; then she fetched a number of people , and the mermaid saw that 
the prince came to life again , and smiled upon those who stood round him . But 
to her he sent no smile ; he knew not that she had saved him . This made her 
very unhappy , and when he was led away into the great building , she dived 
down sorrowfully into the water , and returned to her father 's castle . She 
had always been silent and thoughtful , and now she was more so than ever . Her 
sisters asked her what she had seen during her first visit to the surface of 
the water ; but she would tell them nothing . Many an evening and morning did 
she rise to the place where she had left the prince . She saw the fruits in the 
garden ripen till they were gathered , the snow on the tops of the mountains 
melt away ; but she never saw the prince , and therefore she 
 returned home , always more sorrowful than before . It was her only comfort to 
sit in her own little garden , and fling her arm round the beautiful marble 
statue which was like the prince ; but she gave up tending her flowers , and 
they grew in wild confusion over the paths , twining their long leaves and 
stems round the branches of the trees , so that the whole place became dark and 
gloomy . At length she could bear it no longer , and told one of her sisters 
all about it . Then the others heard the secret , and very soon it became known 
to two mermaids whose intimate friend happened to know who the prince was . She 
had also seen the festival on board ship , and she told them where the prince 
came from , and where his palace stood . “ Come , little sister , ” said 
the other princesses ; then they entwined their arms and rose up in a long row 
to the surface of the water , close by the spot where they knew the prince 's 
palace stood . It was built of bright yellow shining stone , 
 with long flights of marble steps , one of which reached quite down to the sea 
. Splendid gilded cupolas rose over the roof , and between the pillars that 
surrounded the whole building stood life-like statues of marble . Through the 
clear crystal of the lofty windows could be seen noble rooms , with costly silk 
curtains and hangings of tapestry ; while the walls were covered with beautiful 
paintings which were a pleasure to look at . In the centre of the largest 
saloon a fountain threw its sparkling jets high up into the glass cupola of the 
ceiling , through which the sun shone down upon the water and upon the 
beautiful plants growing round the basin of the fountain . Now that she knew 
where he lived , she spent many an evening and many a night on the water near 
the palace . She would swim much nearer the shore than any of the others 
ventured to do ; indeed once she went quite up the narrow channel under the 
marble balcony , which threw a broad shadow on the water . Here she would s
 it and watch the young prince , who thought himself quite alone in the bright 
moonlight . She saw him many times of an evening sailing in a pleasant boat , 
with music playing and flags waving . She peeped out from among the green 
rushes , and if the wind caught her long silvery-white veil , those who saw it 
believed it to be a swan , spreading out its wings . On many a night , too , 
when the fishermen , with their torches , were out at sea , she heard them 
relate so many good things about the doings of the young prince , that she was 
glad she had saved his life when he had been tossed about half-dead on the 
waves . And she remembered that his head had rested on her bosom , and how 
heartily she had kissed him ; but he knew nothing of all this , and could not 
even dream of her . She grew more and more fond of human beings , and wished 
more and more to be able to wander about with those whose world seemed to be so 
much larger than her own . They could fly over the sea in ships , and mo
 unt the high hills which were far above the clouds ; and the lands they 
possessed , their woods and their fields , stretched far away beyond the reach 
of her sight . There was so much that she wished to know , and her sisters were 
unable to answer all her questions . Then she applied to her old grandmother , 
who knew all about the upper world , which she very rightly called the lands 
above the sea . “ If human beings are not drowned , ” asked the little 
mermaid , “ can they live forever ? do they never die as we do here in the 
sea ? ” “ Yes , ” replied the old lady , “ they must also die , and 
their term of life is even shorter than ours . We sometimes live to three 
hundred years , but when we cease to exist here we only become the foam on the 
surface of the water , and we have not even a grave down here of those we love 
. We have not immortal souls , we shall never live again ; but , like the green 
sea-weed , when once it has been cut off , we can never flourish more 
 . Human beings , on the contrary , have a soul which lives forever , lives 
after the body has been turned to dust . It rises up through the clear , pure 
air beyond the glittering stars . As we rise out of the water , and behold all 
the land of the earth , so do they rise to unknown and glorious regions which 
we shall never see . ” “ Why have not we an immortal soul ? ” asked the 
little mermaid mournfully ; “ I would give gladly all the hundreds of years 
that I have to live , to be a human being only for one day , and to have the 
hope of knowing the happiness of that glorious world above the stars . ” “ 
You must not think of that , ” said the old woman ; “ we feel ourselves to 
be much happier and much better off than human beings . ” “ So I shall die 
, ” said the little mermaid , “ and as the foam of the sea I shall be 
driven about never again to hear the music of the waves , or to see the pretty 
flowers nor the red sun . Is there anything I can do to win an i
 mmortal soul ? ” “ No , ” said the old woman , “ unless a man were to 
love you so much that you were more to him than his father or mother ; and if 
all his thoughts and all his love were fixed upon you , and the priest placed 
his right hand in yours , and he promised to be true to you here and hereafter 
, then his soul would glide into your body and you would obtain a share in the 
future happiness of mankind . He would give a soul to you and retain his own as 
well ; but this can never happen . Your fish 's tail , which amongst us is 
considered so beautiful , is thought on earth to be quite ugly ; they do not 
know any better , and they think it necessary to have two stout props , which 
they call legs , in order to be handsome . ” Then the little mermaid sighed , 
and looked sorrowfully at her fish 's tail . “ Let us be happy , ” said the 
old lady , “ and dart and spring about during the three hundred years that we 
have to live , which is really quite long enough ; afte
 r that we can rest ourselves all the better . This evening we are going to 
have a court ball . ” It is one of those splendid sights which we can never 
see on earth . The walls and the ceiling of the large ball-room were of thick , 
but transparent crystal . May hundreds of colossal shells , some of a deep red 
, others of a grass green , stood on each side in rows , with blue fire in them 
, which lighted up the whole saloon , and shone through the walls , so that the 
sea was also illuminated . Innumerable fishes , great and small , swam past the 
crystal walls ; on some of them the scales glowed with a purple brilliancy , 
and on others they shone like silver and gold . Through the halls flowed a 
broad stream , and in it danced the mermen and the mermaids to the music of 
their own sweet singing . No one on earth has such a lovely voice as theirs . 
The little mermaid sang more sweetly than them all . The whole court applauded 
her with hands and tails ; and for a moment her heart felt q
 uite gay , for she knew she had the loveliest voice of any on earth or in the 
sea . But she soon thought again of the world above her , for she could not 
forget the charming prince , nor her sorrow that she had not an immortal soul 
like his ; therefore she crept away silently out of her father 's palace , and 
while everything within was gladness and song , she sat in her own little 
garden sorrowful and alone . Then she heard the bugle sounding through the 
water , and thought – “ He is certainly sailing above , he on whom my 
wishes depend , and in whose hands I should like to place the happiness of my 
life . I will venture all for him , and to win an immortal soul , while my 
sisters are dancing in my father 's palace , I will go to the sea witch , of 
whom I have always been so much afraid , but she can give me counsel and help . 
” And then the little mermaid went out from her garden , and took the road to 
the foaming whirlpools , behind which the sorceress lived . She had never
  been that way before : neither flowers nor grass grew there ; nothing but 
bare , gray , sandy ground stretched out to the whirlpool , where the water , 
like foaming mill-wheels , whirled round everything that it seized , and cast 
it into the fathomless deep . Through the midst of these crushing whirlpools 
the little mermaid was obliged to pass , to reach the dominions of the sea 
witch ; and also for a long distance the only road lay right across a quantity 
of warm , bubbling mire , called by the witch her turfmoor . Beyond this stood 
her house , in the centre of a strange forest , in which all the trees and 
flowers were polypi , half animals and half plants ; they looked like serpents 
with a hundred heads growing out of the ground . The branches were long slimy 
arms , with fingers like flexible worms , moving limb after limb from the root 
to the top . All that could be reached in the sea they seized upon , and held 
fast , so that it never escaped from their clutches . The little me
 rmaid was so alarmed at what she saw , that she stood still , and her heart 
beat with fear , and she was very nearly turning back ; but she thought of the 
prince , and of the human soul for which she longed , and her courage returned 
. She fastened her long flowing hair round her head , so that the polypi might 
not seize hold of it . She laid her hands together across her bosom , and then 
she darted forward as a fish shoots through the water , between the supple arms 
and fingers of the ugly polypi , which were stretched out on each side of her . 
She saw that each held in its grasp something it had seized with its numerous 
little arms , as if they were iron bands . The white skeletons of human beings 
who had perished at sea , and had sunk down into the deep waters , skeletons of 
land animals , oars , rudders , and chests of ships were lying tightly grasped 
by their clinging arms ; even a little mermaid , whom they had caught and 
strangled ; and this seemed the most shocking of all to
  the little princess . She now came to a space of marshy ground in the wood , 
where large , fat water-snakes were rolling in the mire , and showing their 
ugly , drab-colored bodies . In the midst of this spot stood a house , built 
with the bones of shipwrecked human beings . There sat the sea witch , allowing 
a toad to eat from her mouth , just as people sometimes feed a canary with a 
piece of sugar . She called the ugly water-snakes her little chickens , and 
allowed them to crawl all over her bosom . “ I know what you want , ” said 
the sea witch ; “ it is very stupid of you , but you shall have your way , 
and it will bring you to sorrow , my pretty princess . You want to get rid of 
your fish 's tail , and to have two supports instead of it , like human beings 
on earth , so that the young prince may fall in love with you , and that you 
may have an immortal soul . ” And then the witch laughed so loud and 
disgustingly , that the toad and the snakes fell to the ground , and lay
  there wriggling about . “ You are but just in time , ” said the witch ; 
“ for after sunrise to-morrow I should not be able to help you till the end 
of another year . I will prepare a draught for you , with which you must swim 
to land tomorrow before sunrise , and sit down on the shore and drink it . Your 
tail will then disappear , and shrink up into what mankind calls legs , and you 
will feel great pain , as if a sword were passing through you . But all who see 
you will say that you are the prettiest little human being they ever saw . You 
will still have the same floating gracefulness of movement , and no dancer will 
ever tread so lightly ; but at every step you take it will feel as if you were 
treading upon sharp knives , and that the blood must flow . If you will bear 
all this , I will help you . ” “ Yes , I will , ” said the little 
princess in a trembling voice , as she thought of the prince and the immortal 
soul . “ But think again , ” said the witch ; “ for w
 hen once your shape has become like a human being , you can no more be a 
mermaid . You will never return through the water to your sisters , or to your 
father 's palace again ; and if you do not win the love of the prince , so that 
he is willing to forget his father and mother for your sake , and to love you 
with his whole soul , and allow the priest to join your hands that you may be 
man and wife , then you will never have an immortal soul . The first morning 
after he marries another your heart will break , and you will become foam on 
the crest of the waves . ” “ I will do it , ” said the little mermaid , 
and she became pale as death . “ But I must be paid also , ” said the witch 
, “ and it is not a trifle that I ask . You have the sweetest voice of any 
who dwell here in the depths of the sea , and you believe that you will be able 
to charm the prince with it also , but this voice you must give to me ; the 
best thing you possess will I have for the price of my draught .
  My own blood must be mixed with it , that it may be as sharp as a two-edged 
sword . ” “ But if you take away my voice , ” said the little mermaid , 
“ what is left for me ? ” “ Your beautiful form , your graceful walk , 
and your expressive eyes ; surely with these you can enchain a man 's heart . 
Well , have you lost your courage ? Put out your little tongue that I may cut 
it off as my payment ; then you shall have the powerful draught . ” “ It 
shall be , ” said the little mermaid . Then the witch placed her cauldron on 
the fire , to prepare the magic draught . “ Cleanliness is a good thing , ” 
said she , scouring the vessel with snakes , which she had tied together in a 
large knot ; then she pricked herself in the breast , and let the black blood 
drop into it . The steam that rose formed itself into such horrible shapes that 
no one could look at them without fear . Every moment the witch threw something 
else into the vessel , and when it began to boil , the so
 und was like the weeping of a crocodile . When at last the magic draught was 
ready , it looked like the clearest water . “ There it is for you , ” said 
the witch . Then she cut off the mermaid 's tongue , so that she became dumb , 
and would never again speak or sing . “ If the polypi should seize hold of 
you as you return through the wood , ” said the witch , “ throw over them a 
few drops of the potion , and their fingers will be torn into a thousand pieces 
. ” But the little mermaid had no occasion to do this , for the polypi sprang 
back in terror when they caught sight of the glittering draught , which shone 
in her hand like a twinkling star . So she passed quickly through the wood and 
the marsh , and between the rushing whirlpools . She saw that in her father 's 
palace the torches in the ballroom were extinguished , and all within asleep ; 
but she did not venture to go in to them , for now she was dumb and going to 
leave them forever , she felt as if her heart would b
 reak . She stole into the garden , took a flower from the flower-beds of each 
of her sisters , kissed her hand a thousand times towards the palace , and then 
rose up through the dark blue waters . The sun had not risen when she came in 
sight of the prince 's palace , and approached the beautiful marble steps , but 
the moon shone clear and bright . Then the little mermaid drank the magic 
draught , and it seemed as if a two-edged sword went through her delicate body 
: she fell into a swoon , and lay like one dead . When the sun arose and shone 
over the sea , she recovered , and felt a sharp pain ; but just before her 
stood the handsome young prince . He fixed his coal-black eyes upon her so 
earnestly that she cast down her own , and then became aware that her fish 's 
tail was gone , and that she had as pretty a pair of white legs and tiny feet 
as any little maiden could have ; but she had no clothes , so she wrapped 
herself in her long , thick hair . The prince asked her who she was ,
  and where she came from , and she looked at him mildly and sorrowfully with 
her deep blue eyes ; but she could not speak . Every step she took was as the 
witch had said it would be , she felt as if treading upon the points of needles 
or sharp knives ; but she bore it willingly , and stepped as lightly by the 
prince 's side as a soap-bubble , so that he and all who saw her wondered at 
her graceful-swaying movements . She was very soon arrayed in costly robes of 
silk and muslin , and was the most beautiful creature in the palace ; but she 
was dumb , and could neither speak nor sing . Beautiful female slaves , dressed 
in silk and gold , stepped forward and sang before the prince and his royal 
parents : one sang better than all the others , and the prince clapped his 
hands and smiled at her . This was great sorrow to the little mermaid ; she 
knew how much more sweetly she herself could sing once , and she thought , “ 
Oh if he could only know that ! I have given away my voice forever 
 , to be with him . ” The slaves next performed some pretty fairy-like dances 
, to the sound of beautiful music . Then the little mermaid raised her lovely 
white arms , stood on the tips of her toes , and glided over the floor , and 
danced as no one yet had been able to dance . At each moment her beauty became 
more revealed , and her expressive eyes appealed more directly to the heart 
than the songs of the slaves . Every one was enchanted , especially the prince 
, who called her his little foundling ; and she danced again quite readily , to 
please him , though each time her foot touched the floor it seemed as if she 
trod on sharp knives . The prince said she should remain with him always , and 
she received permission to sleep at his door , on a velvet cushion . He had a 
page 's dress made for her , that she might accompany him on horseback . They 
rode together through the sweet-scented woods , where the green boughs touched 
their shoulders , and the little birds sang among the fres
 h leaves . She climbed with the prince to the tops of high mountains ; and 
although her tender feet bled so that even her steps were marked , she only 
laughed , and followed him till they could see the clouds beneath them looking 
like a flock of birds travelling to distant lands . While at the prince 's 
palace , and when all the household were asleep , she would go and sit on the 
broad marble steps ; for it eased her burning feet to bathe them in the cold 
sea-water ; and then she thought of all those below in the deep . Once during 
the night her sisters came up arm-in-arm , singing sorrowfully , as they 
floated on the water . She beckoned to them , and then they recognized her , 
and told her how she had grieved them . After that , they came to the same 
place every night ; and once she saw in the distance her old grandmother , who 
had not been to the surface of the sea for many years , and the old Sea King , 
her father , with his crown on his head . They stretched out their hands tow
 ards her , but they did not venture so near the land as her sisters did . As 
the days passed , she loved the prince more fondly , and he loved her as he 
would love a little child , but it never came into his head to make her his 
wife ; yet , unless he married her , she could not receive an immortal soul ; 
and , on the morning after his marriage with another , she would dissolve into 
the foam of the sea . “ Do you not love me the best of them all ? ” the 
eyes of the little mermaid seemed to say , when he took her in his arms , and 
kissed her fair forehead . “ Yes , you are dear to me , ” said the prince ; 
“ for you have the best heart , and you are the most devoted to me ; you are 
like a young maiden whom I once saw , but whom I shall never meet again . I was 
in a ship that was wrecked , and the waves cast me ashore near a holy temple , 
where several young maidens performed the service . The youngest of them found 
me on the shore , and saved my life . I saw her but twice , 
 and she is the only one in the world whom I could love ; but you are like her 
, and you have almost driven her image out of my mind . She belongs to the holy 
temple , and my good fortune has sent you to me instead of her ; and we will 
never part . ” “ Ah , he knows not that it was I who saved his life , ” 
thought the little mermaid . “ I carried him over the sea to the wood where 
the temple stands : I sat beneath the foam , and watched till the human beings 
came to help him . I saw the pretty maiden that he loves better than he loves 
me ; ” and the mermaid sighed deeply , but she could not shed tears . “ He 
says the maiden belongs to the holy temple , therefore she will never return to 
the world . They will meet no more : while I am by his side , and see him every 
day . I will take care of him , and love him , and give up my life for his sake 
. ” Very soon it was said that the prince must marry , and that the beautiful 
daughter of a neighboring king would be his wife ,
  for a fine ship was being fitted out . Although the prince gave out that he 
merely intended to pay a visit to the king , it was generally supposed that he 
really went to see his daughter . A great company were to go with him . The 
little mermaid smiled , and shook her head . She knew the prince 's thoughts 
better than any of the others . “ I must travel , ” he had said to her ; 
“ I must see this beautiful princess ; my parents desire it ; but they will 
not oblige me to bring her home as my bride . I cannot love her ; she is not 
like the beautiful maiden in the temple , whom you resemble . If I were forced 
to choose a bride , I would rather choose you , my dumb foundling , with those 
expressive eyes . ” And then he kissed her rosy mouth , played with her long 
waving hair , and laid his head on her heart , while she dreamed of human 
happiness and an immortal soul . “ You are not afraid of the sea , my dumb 
child , ” said he , as they stood on the deck of the noble ship wh
 ich was to carry them to the country of the neighboring king . And then he 
told her of storm and of calm , of strange fishes in the deep beneath them , 
and of what the divers had seen there ; and she smiled at his descriptions , 
for she knew better than any one what wonders were at the bottom of the sea . 
In the moonlight , when all on board were asleep , excepting the man at the 
helm , who was steering , she sat on the deck , gazing down through the clear 
water . She thought she could distinguish her father 's castle , and upon it 
her aged grandmother , with the silver crown on her head , looking through the 
rushing tide at the keel of the vessel . Then her sisters came up on the waves 
, and gazed at her mournfully , wringing their white hands . She beckoned to 
them , and smiled , and wanted to tell them how happy and well off she was ; 
but the cabin-boy approached , and when her sisters dived down he thought it 
was only the foam of the sea which he saw . The next morning the ship 
 sailed into the harbor of a beautiful town belonging to the king whom the 
prince was going to visit . The church bells were ringing , and from the high 
towers sounded a flourish of trumpets ; and soldiers , with flying colors and 
glittering bayonets , lined the rocks through which they passed . Every day was 
a festival ; balls and entertainments followed one another . But the princess 
had not yet appeared . People said that she was being brought up and educated 
in a religious house , where she was learning every royal virtue . At last she 
came . Then the little mermaid , who was very anxious to see whether she was 
really beautiful , was obliged to acknowledge that she had never seen a more 
perfect vision of beauty . Her skin was delicately fair , and beneath her long 
dark eye-lashes her laughing blue eyes shone with truth and purity . “ It was 
you , ” said the prince , “ who saved my life when I lay dead on the beach 
, ” and he folded his blushing bride in his arms . “ Oh 
 , I am too happy , ” said he to the little mermaid ; “ my fondest hopes 
are all fulfilled . You will rejoice at my happiness ; for your devotion to me 
is great and sincere . ” The little mermaid kissed his hand , and felt as if 
her heart were already broken . His wedding morning would bring death to her , 
and she would change into the foam of the sea . All the church bells rung , and 
the heralds rode about the town proclaiming the betrothal . Perfumed oil was 
burning in costly silver lamps on every altar . The priests waved the censers , 
while the bride and bridegroom joined their hands and received the blessing of 
the bishop . The little mermaid , dressed in silk and gold , held up the bride 
's train ; but her ears heard nothing of the festive music , and her eyes saw 
not the holy ceremony ; she thought of the night of death which was coming to 
her , and of all she had lost in the world . On the same evening the bride and 
bridegroom went on board ship ; cannons were roaring ,
  flags waving , and in the centre of the ship a costly tent of purple and gold 
had been erected . It contained elegant couches , for the reception of the 
bridal pair during the night . The ship , with swelling sails and a favorable 
wind , glided away smoothly and lightly over the calm sea . When it grew dark a 
number of colored lamps were lit , and the sailors danced merrily on the deck . 
The little mermaid could not help thinking of her first rising out of the sea , 
when she had seen similar festivities and joys ; and she joined in the dance , 
poised herself in the air as a swallow when he pursues his prey , and all 
present cheered her with wonder . She had never danced so elegantly before . 
Her tender feet felt as if cut with sharp knives , but she cared not for it ; a 
sharper pang had pierced through her heart . She knew this was the last evening 
she should ever see the prince , for whom she had forsaken her kindred and her 
home ; she had given up her beautiful voice , and suffer
 ed unheard-of pain daily for him , while he knew nothing of it . This was the 
last evening that she would breathe the same air with him , or gaze on the 
starry sky and the deep sea ; an eternal night , without a thought or a dream , 
awaited her : she had no soul and now she could never win one . All was joy and 
gayety on board ship till long after midnight ; she laughed and danced with the 
rest , while the thoughts of death were in her heart . The prince kissed his 
beautiful bride , while she played with his raven hair , till they went 
arm-in-arm to rest in the splendid tent . Then all became still on board the 
ship ; the helmsman , alone awake , stood at the helm . The little mermaid 
leaned her white arms on the edge of the vessel , and looked towards the east 
for the first blush of morning , for that first ray of dawn that would bring 
her death . She saw her sisters rising out of the flood : they were as pale as 
herself ; but their long beautiful hair waved no more in the wind , a
 nd had been cut off . “ We have given our hair to the witch , ” said they 
, “ to obtain help for you , that you may not die to-night . She has given us 
a knife : here it is , see it is very sharp . Before the sun rises you must 
plunge it into the heart of the prince ; when the warm blood falls upon your 
feet they will grow together again , and form into a fish 's tail , and you 
will be once more a mermaid , and return to us to live out your three hundred 
years before you die and change into the salt sea foam . Haste , then ; he or 
you must die before sunrise . Our old grandmother moans so for you , that her 
white hair is falling off from sorrow , as ours fell under the witch 's 
scissors . Kill the prince and come back ; hasten : do you not see the first 
red streaks in the sky ? In a few minutes the sun will rise , and you must die 
. ” And then they sighed deeply and mournfully , and sank down beneath the 
waves . The little mermaid drew back the crimson curtain of the tent , 
 and beheld the fair bride with her head resting on the prince 's breast . She 
bent down and kissed his fair brow , then looked at the sky on which the rosy 
dawn grew brighter and brighter ; then she glanced at the sharp knife , and 
again fixed her eyes on the prince , who whispered the name of his bride in his 
dreams . She was in his thoughts , and the knife trembled in the hand of the 
little mermaid : then she flung it far away from her into the waves ; the water 
turned red where it fell , and the drops that spurted up looked like blood . 
She cast one more lingering , half-fainting glance at the prince , and then 
threw herself from the ship into the sea , and thought her body was dissolving 
into foam . The sun rose above the waves , and his warm rays fell on the cold 
foam of the little mermaid , who did not feel as if she were dying . She saw 
the bright sun , and all around her floated hundreds of transparent beautiful 
beings ; she could see through them the white sails of the ship
  , and the red clouds in the sky ; their speech was melodious , but too 
ethereal to be heard by mortal ears , as they were also unseen by mortal eyes . 
The little mermaid perceived that she had a body like theirs , and that she 
continued to rise higher and higher out of the foam . “ Where am I ? ” 
asked she , and her voice sounded ethereal , as the voice of those who were 
with her ; no earthly music could imitate it . “ Among the daughters of the 
air , ” answered one of them . “ A mermaid has not an immortal soul , nor 
can she obtain one unless she wins the love of a human being . On the power of 
another hangs her eternal destiny . But the daughters of the air , although 
they do not possess an immortal soul , can , by their good deeds , procure one 
for themselves . We fly to warm countries , and cool the sultry air that 
destroys mankind with the pestilence . We carry the perfume of the flowers to 
spread health and restoration . After we have striven for three hundred years
  to all the good in our power , we receive an immortal soul and take part in 
the happiness of mankind . You , poor little mermaid , have tried with your 
whole heart to do as we are doing ; you have suffered and endured and raised 
yourself to the spirit-world by your good deeds ; and now , by striving for 
three hundred years in the same way , you may obtain an immortal soul . ” The 
little mermaid lifted her glorified eyes towards the sun , and felt them , for 
the first time , filling with tears . On the ship , in which she had left the 
prince , there were life and noise ; she saw him and his beautiful bride 
searching for her ; sorrowfully they gazed at the pearly foam , as if they knew 
she had thrown herself into the waves . Unseen she kissed the forehead of her 
bride , and fanned the prince , and then mounted with the other children of the 
air to a rosy cloud that floated through the aether . “ After three hundred 
years , thus shall we float into the kingdom of heaven , ” said
  she . “ And we may even get there sooner , ” whispered one of her 
companions . “ Unseen we can enter the houses of men , where there are 
children , and for every day on which we find a good child , who is the joy of 
his parents and deserves their love , our time of probation is shortened . The 
child does not know , when we fly through the room , that we smile with joy at 
his good conduct , for we can count one year less of our three hundred years . 
But when we see a naughty or a wicked child , we shed tears of sorrow , and for 
every tear a day is added to our time of trial ! ” 
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+ The ugly duckling It was lovely summer weather in the country , and the 
golden corn , the green oats , and the haystacks piled up in the meadows looked 
beautiful . The stork walking about on his long red legs chattered in the 
Egyptian language which he had learnt from his mother . The corn-fields and 
meadows were surrounded by large forests , in the midst of which were deep 
pools . It was , indeed , delightful to walk about in the country . In a sunny 
spot stood a pleasant old farm-house close by a deep river , and from the house 
down to the water side grew great burdock leaves , so high , that under the 
tallest of them a little child could stand upright . The spot was as wild as 
the centre of a thick wood . In this snug retreat sat a duck on her nest , 
watching for her young brood to hatch ; she was beginning to get tired of her 
task , for the little ones were a long time coming out of their shells , and 
she seldom had any visitors . The other ducks liked much better to swim ab
 out in the river than to climb the slippery banks , and sit under a burdock 
leaf , to have a gossip with her . At length one shell cracked , and then 
another , and from each egg came a living creature that lifted its head and 
cried , “ Peep , peep . ” “ Quack , quack , ” said the mother , and 
then they all quacked as well as they could , and looked about them on every 
side at the large green leaves . Their mother allowed them to look as much as 
they liked , because green is good for the eyes . “ How large the world is , 
” said the young ducks , when they found how much more room they now had than 
while they were inside the egg-shell . “ Do you imagine this is the whole 
world ? ” asked the mother ; “ Wait till you have seen the garden ; it 
stretches far beyond that to the parson 's field , but I have never ventured to 
such a distance . Are you all out ? ” she continued , rising ; “ No , I 
declare , the largest egg lies there still . I wonder how long this is to 
 last , I am quite tired of it ; ” and she seated herself again on the nest . 
“ Well , how are you getting on ? ” asked an old duck , who paid her a 
visit . “ One egg is not hatched yet , ” said the duck , “ it will not 
break . But just look at all the others , are they not the prettiest little 
ducklings you ever saw ? They are the image of their father , who is so unkind 
, he never comes to see . ” “ Let me see the egg that will not break , ” 
said the duck ; “ I have no doubt it is a turkey 's egg . I was persuaded to 
hatch some once , and after all my care and trouble with the young ones , they 
were afraid of the water . I quacked and clucked , but all to no purpose . I 
could not get them to venture in . Let me look at the egg . Yes , that is a 
turkey 's egg ; take my advice , leave it where it is and teach the other 
children to swim . ” “ I think I will sit on it a little while longer , ” 
said the duck ; “ as I have sat so long already , a few days will
  be nothing . ” “ Please yourself , ” said the old duck , and she went 
away . At last the large egg broke , and a young one crept forth crying , “ 
Peep , peep . ” It was very large and ugly . The duck stared at it and 
exclaimed , “ It is very large and not at all like the others . I wonder if 
it really is a turkey . We shall soon find it out , however when we go to the 
water . It must go in , if I have to push it myself . ” On the next day the 
weather was delightful , and the sun shone brightly on the green burdock leaves 
, so the mother duck took her young brood down to the water , and jumped in 
with a splash . “ Quack , quack , ” cried she , and one after another the 
little ducklings jumped in . The water closed over their heads , but they came 
up again in an instant , and swam about quite prettily with their legs paddling 
under them as easily as possible , and the ugly duckling was also in the water 
swimming with them . “ Oh , ” said the mother , “ that is
  not a turkey ; how well he uses his legs , and how upright he holds himself ! 
He is my own child , and he is not so very ugly after all if you look at him 
properly . Quack , quack ! come with me now , I will take you into grand 
society , and introduce you to the farmyard , but you must keep close to me or 
you may be trodden upon ; and , above all , beware of the cat . ” When they 
reached the farmyard , there was a great disturbance , two families were 
fighting for an eel 's head , which , after all , was carried off by the cat . 
“ See , children , that is the way of the world , ” said the mother duck , 
whetting her beak , for she would have liked the eel 's head herself . “ Come 
, now , use your legs , and let me see how well you can behave . You must bow 
your heads prettily to that old duck yonder ; she is the highest born of them 
all , and has Spanish blood , therefore , she is well off . Do n't you see she 
has a red flag tied to her leg , which is something very grand , 
 and a great honor for a duck ; it shows that every one is anxious not to lose 
her , as she can be recognized both by man and beast . Come , now , do n't turn 
your toes , a well-bred duckling spreads his feet wide apart , just like his 
father and mother , in this way ; now bend your neck , and say ‘ quack . ’ 
” The ducklings did as they were bid , but the other duck stared , and said , 
“ Look , here comes another brood , as if there were not enough of us already 
! and what a queer looking object one of them is ; we do n't want him here , 
” and then one flew out and bit him in the neck . “ Let him alone , ” 
said the mother ; “ he is not doing any harm . ” “ Yes , but he is so big 
and ugly , ” said the spiteful duck “ and therefore he must be turned out . 
” “ The others are very pretty children , ” said the old duck , with the 
rag on her leg , “ all but that one ; I wish his mother could improve him a 
little . ” “ That is impossible , your grace , â€
  replied the mother ; “ he is not pretty ; but he has a very good 
disposition , and swims as well or even better than the others . I think he 
will grow up pretty , and perhaps be smaller ; he has remained too long in the 
egg , and therefore his figure is not properly formed ; ” and then she 
stroked his neck and smoothed the feathers , saying , “ It is a drake , and 
therefore not of so much consequence . I think he will grow up strong , and 
able to take care of himself . ” “ The other ducklings are graceful enough 
, ” said the old duck . “ Now make yourself at home , and if you can find 
an eel 's head , you can bring it to me . ” And so they made themselves 
comfortable . But the poor duckling , who had crept out of his shell last of 
all , and looked so ugly , was bitten and pushed and made fun of , not only by 
the ducks , but by all the poultry . “ He is too big , ” they all said , 
and the turkey cock , who had been born into the world with spurs , and fancied 
hi
 mself really an emperor , puffed himself out like a vessel in full sail , and 
flew at the duckling , and became quite red in the head with passion , so that 
the poor little thing did not know where to go , and was quite miserable 
because he was so ugly and laughed at by the whole farmyard . So it went on 
from day to day till it got worse and worse . The poor duckling was driven 
about by every one ; even his brothers and sisters were unkind to him , and 
would say , “ Ah , you ugly creature , I wish the cat would get you , ” and 
his mother said she wished he had never been born . The ducks pecked him , the 
chickens beat him , and the girl who fed the poultry kicked him with her feet . 
So at last he ran away , frightening the little birds in the hedge as he flew 
over the palings . “ They are afraid of me because I am ugly , ” he said . 
So he closed his eyes , and flew still farther , until he came out on a large 
moor , inhabited by wild ducks . Here he remained the whole night 
 , feeling very tired and sorrowful . In the morning , when the wild ducks rose 
in the air , they stared at their new comrade . “ What sort of a duck are you 
? ” they all said , coming round him . He bowed to them , and was as polite 
as he could be , but he did not reply to their question . “ You are 
exceedingly ugly , ” said the wild ducks , “ but that will not matter if 
you do not want to marry one of our family . ” Poor thing ! he had no 
thoughts of marriage ; all he wanted was permission to lie among the rushes , 
and drink some of the water on the moor . After he had been on the moor two 
days , there came two wild geese , or rather goslings , for they had not been 
out of the egg long , and were very saucy . “ Listen , friend , ” said one 
of them to the duckling , “ you are so ugly , that we like you very well . 
Will you go with us , and become a bird of passage ? Not far from here is 
another moor , in which there are some pretty wild geese , all unmarried . It i
 s a chance for you to get a wife ; you may be lucky , ugly as you are . ” 
“ Pop , pop , ” sounded in the air , and the two wild geese fell dead among 
the rushes , and the water was tinged with blood . “ Pop , pop , ” echoed 
far and wide in the distance , and whole flocks of wild geese rose up from the 
rushes . The sound continued from every direction , for the sportsmen 
surrounded the moor , and some were even seated on branches of trees , 
overlooking the rushes . The blue smoke from the guns rose like clouds over the 
dark trees , and as it floated away across the water , a number of sporting 
dogs bounded in among the rushes , which bent beneath them wherever they went . 
How they terrified the poor duckling ! He turned away his head to hide it under 
his wing , and at the same moment a large terrible dog passed quite near him . 
His jaws were open , his tongue hung from his mouth , and his eyes glared 
fearfully . He thrust his nose close to the duckling , showing his sharp t
 eeth , and then , “ splash , splash , ” he went into the water without 
touching him . “ Oh , ” sighed the duckling , “ how thankful I am for 
being so ugly ; even a dog will not bite me . ” And so he lay quite still , 
while the shot rattled through the rushes , and gun after gun was fired over 
him . It was late in the day before all became quiet , but even then the poor 
young thing did not dare to move . He waited quietly for several hours , and 
then , after looking carefully around him , hastened away from the moor as fast 
as he could . He ran over field and meadow till a storm arose , and he could 
hardly struggle against it . Towards evening , he reached a poor little cottage 
that seemed ready to fall , and only remained standing because it could not 
decide on which side to fall first . The storm continued so violent , that the 
duckling could go no farther ; he sat down by the cottage , and then he noticed 
that the door was not quite closed in consequence of one of the 
 hinges having given way . There was therefore a narrow opening near the bottom 
large enough for him to slip through , which he did very quietly , and got a 
shelter for the night . A woman , a tom cat , and a hen lived in this cottage . 
The tom cat , whom the mistress called , “ My little son , ” was a great 
favorite ; he could raise his back , and purr , and could even throw out sparks 
from his fur if it were stroked the wrong way . The hen had very short legs , 
so she was called “ Chickie short legs . ” She laid good eggs , and her 
mistress loved her as if she had been her own child . In the morning , the 
strange visitor was discovered , and the tom cat began to purr , and the hen to 
cluck . “ What is that noise about ? ” said the old woman , looking round 
the room , but her sight was not very good ; therefore , when she saw the 
duckling she thought it must be a fat duck , that had strayed from home . “ 
Oh what a prize ! ” she exclaimed , “ I hope it is not a drak
 e , for then I shall have some duck 's eggs . I must wait and see . ” So the 
duckling was allowed to remain on trial for three weeks , but there were no 
eggs . Now the tom cat was the master of the house , and the hen was mistress , 
and they always said , “ We and the world , ” for they believed themselves 
to be half the world , and the better half too . The duckling thought that 
others might hold a different opinion on the subject , but the hen would not 
listen to such doubts . “ Can you lay eggs ? ” she asked . “ No. ” “ 
Then have the goodness to hold your tongue . ” “ Can you raise your back , 
or purr , or throw out sparks ? ” said the tom cat . “ No. ” “ Then you 
have no right to express an opinion when sensible people are speaking . ” So 
the duckling sat in a corner , feeling very low spirited , till the sunshine 
and the fresh air came into the room through the open door , and then he began 
to feel such a great longing for a swim on the water , tha
 t he could not help telling the hen . “ What an absurd idea , ” said the 
hen . “ You have nothing else to do , therefore you have foolish fancies . If 
you could purr or lay eggs , they would pass away . ” “ But it is so 
delightful to swim about on the water , ” said the duckling , “ and so 
refreshing to feel it close over your head , while you dive down to the bottom 
. ” “ Delightful , indeed ! ” said the hen , “ why you must be crazy ! 
Ask the cat , he is the cleverest animal I know , ask him how he would like to 
swim about on the water , or to dive under it , for I will not speak of my own 
opinion ; ask our mistress , the old woman – there is no one in the world 
more clever than she is . Do you think she would like to swim , or to let the 
water close over her head ? ” “ You do n't understand me , ” said the 
duckling . “ We do n't understand you ? Who can understand you , I wonder ? 
Do you consider yourself more clever than the cat , or the old woman
  ? I will say nothing of myself . Do n't imagine such nonsense , child , and 
thank your good fortune that you have been received here . Are you not in a 
warm room , and in society from which you may learn something . But you are a 
chatterer , and your company is not very agreeable . Believe me , I speak only 
for your own good . I may tell you unpleasant truths , but that is a proof of 
my friendship . I advise you , therefore , to lay eggs , and learn to purr as 
quickly as possible . ” “ I believe I must go out into the world again , 
” said the duckling . “ Yes , do , ” said the hen . So the duckling left 
the cottage , and soon found water on which it could swim and dive , but was 
avoided by all other animals , because of its ugly appearance . Autumn came , 
and the leaves in the forest turned to orange and gold . Then , as winter 
approached , the wind caught them as they fell and whirled them in the cold air 
. The clouds , heavy with hail and snow-flakes , hung low in the s
 ky , and the raven stood on the ferns crying , “ Croak , croak . ” It made 
one shiver with cold to look at him . All this was very sad for the poor little 
duckling . One evening , just as the sun set amid radiant clouds , there came a 
large flock of beautiful birds out of the bushes . The duckling had never seen 
any like them before . They were swans , and they curved their graceful necks , 
while their soft plumage shown with dazzling whiteness . They uttered a 
singular cry , as they spread their glorious wings and flew away from those 
cold regions to warmer countries across the sea . As they mounted higher and 
higher in the air , the ugly little duckling felt quite a strange sensation as 
he watched them . He whirled himself in the water like a wheel , stretched out 
his neck towards them , and uttered a cry so strange that it frightened himself 
. Could he ever forget those beautiful , happy birds ; and when at last they 
were out of his sight , he dived under the water , and rose
  again almost beside himself with excitement . He knew not the names of these 
birds , nor where they had flown , but he felt towards them as he had never 
felt for any other bird in the world . He was not envious of these beautiful 
creatures , but wished to be as lovely as they . Poor ugly creature , how 
gladly he would have lived even with the ducks had they only given him 
encouragement . The winter grew colder and colder ; he was obliged to swim 
about on the water to keep it from freezing , but every night the space on 
which he swam became smaller and smaller . At length it froze so hard that the 
ice in the water crackled as he moved , and the duckling had to paddle with his 
legs as well as he could , to keep the space from closing up . He became 
exhausted at last , and lay still and helpless , frozen fast in the ice . Early 
in the morning , a peasant , who was passing by , saw what had happened . He 
broke the ice in pieces with his wooden shoe , and carried the duckling home to 
hi
 s wife . The warmth revived the poor little creature . But when the children 
wanted to play with him , the duckling thought they would do him some harm ; so 
he started up in terror , fluttered into the milk-pan , and splashed the milk 
about the room . Then the woman clapped her hands , which frightened him still 
more . He flew first into the butter-cask , then into the meal-tub , and out 
again . What a condition he was in ! The woman screamed , and struck at him 
with the tongs ; the children laughed and screamed , and tumbled over each 
other , in their efforts to catch him ; but luckily he escaped . The door stood 
open ; the poor creature could just manage to slip out among the bushes , and 
lie down quite exhausted in the newly fallen snow . It would be very sad , were 
I to relate all the misery and privations which the poor little duckling 
endured during the hard winter ; but when it had passed , he found himself 
lying one morning in a moor , amongst the rushes . He felt the warm s
 un shining , and heard the lark singing , and saw that all around was 
beautiful spring . Then the young bird felt that his wings were strong , as he 
flapped them against his sides , and rose high into the air . They bore him 
onwards , until he found himself in a large garden , before he well knew how it 
had happened . The apple-trees were in full blossom , and the fragrant elders 
bent their long green branches down to the stream which wound round a smooth 
lawn . Everything looked beautiful , in the freshness of early spring . From a 
thicket close by came three beautiful white swans , rustling their feathers , 
and swimming lightly over the smooth water . The duckling remembered the lovely 
birds , and felt more strangely unhappy than ever . “ I will fly to those 
royal birds , ” he exclaimed , “ and they will kill me , because I am so 
ugly , and dare to approach them ; but it does not matter : better be killed by 
them than pecked by the ducks , beaten by the hens , pushed about b
 y the maiden who feeds the poultry , or starved with hunger in the winter . 
” Then he flew to the water , and swam towards the beautiful swans . The 
moment they espied the stranger , they rushed to meet him with outstretched 
wings . “ Kill me , ” said the poor bird ; and he bent his head down to the 
surface of the water , and awaited death . But what did he see in the clear 
stream below ? His own image ; no longer a dark , gray bird , ugly and 
disagreeable to look at , but a graceful and beautiful swan . To be born in a 
duck 's nest , in a farmyard , is of no consequence to a bird , if it is 
hatched from a swan 's egg . He now felt glad at having suffered sorrow and 
trouble , because it enabled him to enjoy so much better all the pleasure and 
happiness around him ; for the great swans swam round the new-comer , and 
stroked his neck with their beaks , as a welcome . Into the garden presently 
came some little children , and threw bread and cake into the water . “ See , 
” cri
 ed the youngest , “ there is a new one ; ” and the rest were delighted , 
and ran to their father and mother , dancing and clapping their hands , and 
shouting joyously , “ There is another swan come ; a new one has arrived . 
” Then they threw more bread and cake into the water , and said , “ The new 
one is the most beautiful of all ; he is so young and pretty . ” And the old 
swans bowed their heads before him . Then he felt quite ashamed , and hid his 
head under his wing ; for he did not know what to do , he was so happy , and 
yet not at all proud . He had been persecuted and despised for his ugliness , 
and now he heard them say he was the most beautiful of all the birds . Even the 
elder-tree bent down its bows into the water before him , and the sun shone 
warm and bright . Then he rustled his feathers , curved his slender neck , and 
cried joyfully , from the depths of his heart , “ I never dreamed of such 
happiness as this , while I was an ugly duckling . ” 
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