On Nov 19, 2007, at 10:26 AM, Jeff White wrote:

> I realize part of the perceived value of personas is the narrative.  
> I do think, as someone in this thread suggested, that formatting the  
> data in more of an outline format - headings, bullets, etc -  
> removing some fluff, would go a long way towards getting people to  
> actually consume the data.

I think this is where people often get confused. One of the values of  
a persona is the ability to use them to tell a narrative. That doesn't  
mean you have to have the entire narrative spelled out in front of you.

The primary goal of a persona is to assist in making informed design  
decisions. One of the ways we communicate those details of a persona,  
when we're presenting them, is through a narrative. If you've ever  
been through a debriefing on an ethnographic-based study, it's all  
about the stories. So, we use these personas to tell the story of the  
user/customer/participant.

As I've said before, our persona model has evolved over the years (the  
current model can be seen at 
http://www.slideshare.net/toddwarfel/data-driven-design-research-personas 
  slide 27). We try and create a balance between the narrative and  
presenting information in a more consumable decision making format.  
There are three main parts to our personas:
1. The day in the life narrative—we try and keep this to a few  
paragraphs max. It should provide an overview of how this person uses  
the product/service, or how they try and accomplish related tasks in  
other products/services is the product/service we're working on  
doesn't actually exist yet.
2. The persona DNA—this is a mapping of knowledge, activities and  
behaviors, and a product life cycle usage timeline. We're attempting  
to map the first two segments (knowledge and activities & behaviors)  
on a 1-5 scale, where 1 is less knowledge/activity and 5 is the  
highest knowledge/activity present. This enables us to see what's  
important, what's not important, and what we can leverage from past  
experience/knowledge from this person when designing.
3. Descriptors—don't really have a good name for this section, but  
it's basically a bullet point listing of things like Goals,  
Influencers, Frustrations and Pain Points, Questions, Other  
Applications/Sites. This is where we list out specific items that can  
easily be scanned.

The point is that personas as a design tool aren't as effective when  
just in narrative format. Designers don't want to read 4 pages of text  
to find out what they need to know. They need to be able to see one  
page with a list of bullets that says "Here's everything you need to  
think about when designing for Susan." This is what we've found from  
both our personas and usability reports. In our written reports, they  
want a list of bullet points—let someone else read the long winded  
descriptions. They don't have time, nor do they want to take time to  
read a novel. Cliff notes!

And I have to say, that once we started taking this approach, it made  
it more effective for management and even ourselves.

I'm with Jeff on this one—they don't need to be more than they need to  
be to get the job done. After all, what's the point in writing a 7  
page persona if it ends up not being used because the end customer  
finds it too much of a bother? Think about the consumer of the product— 
design your artifacts accordingly.


Cheers!

Todd Zaki Warfel
President, Design Researcher
Messagefirst | Designing Information. Beautifully.
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