The module has no flash or eeprom on it, the bootloader must reside on
external media. For this module that is either a SD card, or a serial
EEPROM on the I2C bus. The wandboard carrier does not have the EEPROM,
nor am I planning on having one on mine. The processor cannot do a raw
boot off a USB memory stick, but it is possible to have the bootloader
on the SD card do the rest of the loading from a USB stick, but of
course that means the bootloader on the SD card has to be working.

There IS a way to boot off USB, plug the OTG port (with the proper
cable) into a host port on a computer and run the right software on that
computer to push a program into memory of the CPU, which could then
download an image onto an SD card. I have read that some people have
this working, but it's not a very mainstream technique because you need
the right program on the computer (you have to deal with computer type,
OS, all that fun stuff). In this mode the external program is basically
using the ARM processor as a programmer for it's on board memory (SD
card).

I have to say that having the whole thing on an SD card is SO much
better than the other approaches. I have worked with many an embedded
system that had flash on the board, these things can be nightmares. I
had one system that would completely erase the flash if power was turned
off during a certain part of the boot process. Lots of other issues like
this have been fairly common on these systems. Having it all on a
removeable media is just much easier.

That does not mean that you have to change out the SD card for
installing upgrades etc. As long as the system is working you can do
upgrades over Ethernet or USB. How that works is going to be software
dependent. The only time you really need to replace the SD card is if
you manage to completely trash it.  

John S.


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