On Wednesday, November 12, 2025 at 3:49:23 PM UTC-7 Russell Standish wrote:

Bear in mind I have really thought about this stuff since my early 20s :). 

Most of the areas of physics where this is used would be a metric 
topological space, which can have a coordinate system (but not 
necessarily uniquely defined).


*If we have a topological space, I don't think we have enough information 
to *
*define a coordinate system. But if we say it's a plane, how can we define*
*the open sets without having points labeled in that space. That is, how do 
we*
*get the labels and/or locations without a preexisting coordinate system? 
It's*
*a primative question I am raising here. **AG*


I don't get the requirement that points can be labelled. IIUC, this 
cannot be done in any continuous space anyway - there are uncountably 
infinite more points in a continuous space than there are possible 
labels. 

Cheers 

On Wed, Nov 12, 2025 at 05:28:55AM -0800, Alan Grayson wrote: 
> 
> 
> On Tuesday, November 11, 2025 at 6:37:20 PM UTC-7 Russell Standish wrote: 
> 
> As promised below, my student article on differentiable manifolds can 
> now be found at 
> https://www.hpcoders.com.au/docs/differentiableManifolds.pdf 
> 
> Apologies for the difficult to read font - this was done on Wordstar 
> and a dot matrix printer, before laser printers (and LaTeX) became a 
> thing. 
> 
> Cheers 
> 
> 
> Thank you. It's readable by enlarging the font. Tell me if you agree with 
this 
> statement; a manifold is a topological space on which a coordinate system 
> is defined, but to actually define a coordinate system one needs 
additional 
> information, namely, that the topological space is also a metric space. 
But the 
> problem is that a metric space requires points to have labels, and I 
don't see 
> how points can have labels unless there's a pre-existing coordinate 
system. 
> IOW, there's a circularity here that I want to avoid, but I'm not sure 
how to 
> do 
> so. AG 
> 
> 
> On Mon, Nov 10, 2025 at 05:15:53PM +1100, Russell Standish wrote: 
> > On Sun, Nov 09, 2025 at 09:55:15PM -0800, Alan Grayson wrote: 
> > > 
> > > 
> > > Someday I might find a teacher who can really define tensors, but 
that 
> day has 
> > > yet to arrive. Standish seems to come close, but does every linear 
> multivariate 
> > > function define a tensor? I'm waiting to see his reply. AG 
> > 
> > Well I did say multilinear function, but the answer is yes, every 
> > multilinear function on a vector space is a tensor, and vice-versa. 
> > 
> > I did write an 8 page article appearing in our student rag "The 
> > Occasional Quark" when I was a physics student, which was my attempt 
> > at explaining General Relativity when I was disgusted by the hash job 
> > done by our professor. I haven't really thought about it much since 
> > that time, though. I can also recommend the heavy tome by Misner, 
> > Thorne and Wheeler. 
> > 
> > I could scan the article and post it to this list, but not today - I 
> > have a few other things on my plate before finishing up. 
> 
> > 
> 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

> 
> > Dr Russell Standish Phone 0425 253119 (mobile) 
> > Principal, High Performance Coders [email protected] 
> > http://www.hpcoders.com.au 
> > 
> 
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