On Mon, May 18, 2009 at 12:30 AM, Brent Meeker <meeke...@dslextreme.com> wrote: > > On the contrary, I think it does. First, I think Chalmers idea that > vitalists recognized that all that needed explaining was structure and > function is revisionist history. They were looking for the animating > spirit. It is in hind sight, having found the function and structure, > that we've realized that was all the explanation available.
Hmmm. I'm not familiar enough with the history of this to argue one way or the other. A quick read through the wikipedia article on vitalism, and some light googling, left me with the impression that most of the argument centered around function. And also the difference between organic and inorganic chemical compounds. Though to the extent that there was something being debated beyond structure and function, I think that Chalmers makes a good point here: > There is not even a plausible candidate for a further sort of property of > life that needs explaining (leaving aside consciousness itself), and > indeed there never was. I'm highlighting the parenthetical "leaving aside consciousness itself". SO. Dennett makes one claim. Chalmers makes what I thought was a pretty good rebuttal. I've never seen a counter-response from Dennett on this point, and it's not a historical topic that I know much about. Do you have some special expertise, or a good source that overturns Chalmers rebuttal? Though, comparing what people thought about an entirely different topic 150 years ago to this topic now seems like a clever debating point, but otherwise of iffy relevance. > We will eventually > be able to make robots that behave as humans do and we will infer, from > their behavior, that they are conscious. What about robots (or non-embodied computer programs) that are equally complex but (for whatever design reasons) don't exhibit any "human-like" behaviors? Will we "infer" that they are conscious? How will we know which types of complex systems are conscious and which aren't? What is the marker? We'll just "know it when we see it"? If so, it's only because we have definite knowledge of our own conscious experience, and we're looking for behaviors that we can "empathize" with. But is empathy reliable? It's certainly exploitable...Kismet for example. So it can generate false positives, but what might it also miss? > And we, being their designers, > will be able to analyze them and say, "Here's what makes R2D2 have > conscious experiences of visual perception and here's what makes 3CPO > have self awareness relative to humans." I would agree that we could say something definite about the functional aspects, but not about any experiential aspects. Those would have to be taken on faith. For all we know, R2D2 might have a case of blindsight AND Anton-Babinski syndrome...in which case he would react to visual data but have no conscious experience of what he saw (blindsight), BUT would claim that he did experience it (Anton-Babinksi)! > We will find that there are > many different kinds of "conscious" and we will be able to invent new > ones. How would we know that we had actually invented new ones? What is it like to be a robo-Bat? > We will never "solve" Chalmers hard problem, we'll just realize > it's a non-question. Maybe. Time will tell. But even if we all agree that it's a non-question, that wouldn't necessarily mean that we'd be correct in doing so. >> >> Well, here's where it gets tricky. Conscious experience is associated >> with information. > > I think that's the point in question. However, we all agree that > consciousness is associated with, can be identified by, certain > behavior. So to say that physical systems are too representationally > ambiguous seems to me to beg the question. It is based on assuming that > consciousness is information and since the physical representation of > information is ambiguous it is inferred that physical representations > aren't enough for consciousness. But going back to the basis: Is > behavior ambiguous? Sure it is - yet we rely in it to identify > consciousness (at least if you don't believe in philosophical > zombies). I think the significant point is that consciousness is an > attribute of behavior that is relative to an environment. > So I think the possibility (conceivability?) of conscious computer simulations is what throws a kink into this line of thought. I'll quote Hans Moravec here: "A simulated world hosting a simulated person can be a closed self-contained entity. It might exist as a program on a computer processing data quietly in some dark corner, giving no external hint of the joys and pains, successes and frustrations of the person inside. Inside the simulation events unfold according to the strict logic of the program, which defines the ``laws of physics'' of the simulation. The inhabitant might, by patient experimentation and inference, deduce some representation of the simulation laws, but not the nature or even existence of the simulating computer. The simulation's internal relationships would be the same if the program were running correctly on any of an endless variety of possible computers, slowly, quickly, intermittently, or even backwards and forwards in time, with the data stored as charges on chips, marks on a tape, or pulses in a delay line, with the simulation's numbers represented in binary, decimal, or Roman numerals, compactly or spread widely across the machine. There is no limit, in principle, on how indirect the relationship between simulation and simulated can be." http://www.frc.ri.cmu.edu/~hpm/project.archive/general.articles/1998/SimConEx.98.html --~--~---------~--~----~------------~-------~--~----~ You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Everything List" group. To post to this group, send email to everything-list@googlegroups.com To unsubscribe from this group, send email to everything-list+unsubscr...@googlegroups.com For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/everything-list?hl=en -~----------~----~----~----~------~----~------~--~---