The original meaning of "militia" from Latin was "defense activity", and most of the Founders were Latin-literate. The idiom of the era (continuing to our day) was to often use a word for an activity to also mean those engaged in the activity, or the occasion or place of the activity. This makes it a kind of polyseme called an actronym. If you want to get a better sense of the meaning of the term, just substitute "defense activity" for "militia" wherever it occurs in the Constitution and other writings of the era. From this one can also discern the various polysemic usages, including the distinction between those required to muster for regular organization and training, and those who may actually respond to an emergency.

For more on this see http://constitution.org/cs_defen.htm


On 08/21/2012 05:22 PM, Phil Lee wrote:
I'm unaware that the Constitution has more than one use of "militia" which seems to be those people who may be called to defend the republic.  Congress, not the Constitution, provides for qualifications of who is subject to the call, but the exclusions of some cannot denigrate their rights as a part of the whole undefined militia (even Quakers hunt with firearms) since the right to arms is a right of the people, not militia members.

For this discussion, I don't see a reason to divide the militia into categories.



-- Jon

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