>From the web: *Aristotle* agrees with Plato that *knowledge* is of what is true and that this truth must be justified in a way which shows that it must be true, it is necessarily true.
--- Frank C. Wimberly 505 670-9918 Santa Fe, NM On Tue, Mar 3, 2020, 8:23 PM Frank Wimberly <[email protected]> wrote: > When I was a sophomore at Berkeley majoring in philosophy I was taking > history of philosophy. My TA was a PhD student who had graduated from > Harvard. He asked the section, "What does it mean to say that you know > something?" I raised my hand and said that it means that you believe it > and it's true. He said, "Ah, an Aristotelian!" > > --- > Frank C. Wimberly > 505 670-9918 > Santa Fe, NM > > On Tue, Mar 3, 2020, 9:28 AM <[email protected]> wrote: > >> Two things, Dave, >> >> Peirce had actually 4 ways of knowing. Stubbornness, Authority, >> Reasonableness, Experience, which he tries to treat with equal respect, but >> his heart is obviously with the last. (The Fixation of Belief). You make >> me wonder about the relation tween Peirce and that Vedic text. >> >> >> But this begs the most fundamental question raised by your post. What is >> knowledge, other than belief, and what is belief other than that upon which >> we are prepared to act? There is one member of our group who, very much in >> the spirit of William James's altered states, wants to work on aura's He >> has a tentative belief in aura's. When through experiment and analysis he >> renders that belief "firm", does he then have knowledge. Already he >> believes in the possibility of aura's. We know that this is the case >> because of the effort he is willing to expend in their demonstration. Does >> he have knowledge of the existence of auras? Does he already know that >> aura's exist? >> >> I think problems with the very idea of knowledge lie at the core of this >> discussion, and we need some sort of working understanding of what we mean >> by it, if we are to precede. >> >> Nicholas Thompson >> Emeritus Professor of Ethology and Psychology >> Clark University >> [email protected] >> https://wordpress.clarku.edu/nthompson/ >> >> >> >> -----Original Message----- >> From: Friam <[email protected]> On Behalf Of Prof David West >> Sent: Tuesday, March 3, 2020 1:48 AM >> To: [email protected] >> Subject: [FRIAM] Acid epistemology - restarting a previous conversation >> >> Epistemology, loosely speaking, is the “theory of knowing.” What can we >> know; how do we know we know it; the difference between knowing that, >> knowing how, and knowing about; and, issues of the “truth” of what we know >> and/or justifications for thinking we know anything? >> >> An associated issue concerns how we come to acquire knowledge. Two means >> of acquisition are commonly proposed: a priori (independent of experience) >> and a posteriori (by experience). >> >> A Vedic text, Tattirtiya Aranyaka (900-600 BCE), lists four sources of >> knowledge, roughly translated as: tradition/scripture, perception, >> authority, and reasoning/inference. Of these the fourth and second seem to >> map onto a priori and a posteriori. >> >> Scholasticism — exemplars include Albertus Magnus, Duns Scotus, and >> Thomas Aquinas — was concerned with integrating three of the Vedic sources >> of knowledge: tradition/scripture (Christian theology), authority >> (Aristotle and Plato), and reasoning/inference. >> >> Modern epistemology (and Peirce) seems to be concerned with two of the >> sources: tradition/scripture (peer reviewed science journals) and >> reasoning/inference. >> >> Claims to "know" something, in a naive sense of know, like "I know that I >> am," "I know that I am in love," "I had the most interesting experience at >> FriAM just now," mystical visions, kinesthetic “muscle memory,” chi >> imbalance, and, of course, hallucinogen induced altered states of >> consciousness. >> >> Is it possible to construct a theory of knowledge that could extend to, >> incorporate, a wider range of experience and especially mystical and >> psychedelic experience? If it was possible, would it be of value? If >> possible and of value, what parameters could be set to limn the resulting >> philosophy? >> >> davew >> >> ============================================================ >> FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv >> Meets Fridays 9a-11:30 at cafe at St. John's College to unsubscribe >> http://redfish.com/mailman/listinfo/friam_redfish.com >> archives back to 2003: http://friam.471366.n2.nabble.com/ >> FRIAM-COMIC <http://friam.471366.n2.nabble.com/FRIAM-COMIC> >> http://friam-comic.blogspot.com/ by Dr. Strangelove >> >> >> ============================================================ >> FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv >> Meets Fridays 9a-11:30 at cafe at St. John's College >> to unsubscribe http://redfish.com/mailman/listinfo/friam_redfish.com >> archives back to 2003: http://friam.471366.n2.nabble.com/ >> FRIAM-COMIC <http://friam.471366.n2.nabble.com/FRIAM-COMIC> >> http://friam-comic.blogspot.com/ by Dr. Strangelove >> >
============================================================ FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv Meets Fridays 9a-11:30 at cafe at St. John's College to unsubscribe http://redfish.com/mailman/listinfo/friam_redfish.com archives back to 2003: http://friam.471366.n2.nabble.com/ FRIAM-COMIC http://friam-comic.blogspot.com/ by Dr. Strangelove
