Arnoud Engelfreit wrote:

> The FSF seems to believe such a clause is incompatible with the GPL.

I've got to admit that is a strong argument against it.  But couldn't the same 
argument be made against any patent-defence clause?

> Generally speaking, the clause seems unreasonably broad, since
> if I get software from you, why should you be allowed to tell
> me I cannot sue someone you've never heard of?

I don't see it as being unreasonable.  A patent-based attack on an open source 
project hurts all open source projects.  Furthermore the assumption that I 
should automatically know about any software patent before I start implementing 
seems pretty unreasonable to me.  "If we do not hang together we shall 
assuredly hang seperately"

> The only alternative left is to say "We have software patents we 
> might want to enforce, so we cannot use Apache-licensed stuff."

The clause only prevents them from enforcing these rights against open source 
software, which is what we want.  Large companies routinely implement 
cross-licensing agreements; non-agression pacts under which they promise not to 
sue each other for patent licenses.  Mutual patent defence clauses apply this 
principle to open source.

There may be a "protect it or lose it" principle in patent law, such that if a 
patent holder fails to sue an open source project that violates a patent then 
the patent becomes unenforceable against other parties.  If so then perhaps the 
clause could say that patent holders who use Apache-licensed software 
automatically grant a free non-exclusive license to all their patents to all 
OSS licensed software, and the patent license can be revoked by ceasing to use 
the Apache-licensed package and destroying all copies.  This has a similar 
effect to the mutual defence clause, but the patent-holder can get the patent 
back at any time and in the mean time does not lose the right to sue other 
violators.  It also has the effect of making the license GPL-compatible, since 
it is never withdrawn.

In another email Brian Behlendorf writes:

> imagine someone who wants to cause harm to a patent-holder releasing a
> library that implements their patent as open-source-licensed software.

OK, so what if they do?  If the library is useful then its just another useful 
piece of OSS, and the motives of the author are irrelevant.  If it is not 
useful then the attack on the patent holder fails because it makes no 
difference to their income.

The only way I can see such an attack being useful is if the would-be violator 
releases just enough of their source code as OSS to escape the patent whilst 
keeping the rest of their package wrapped up in secrecy.  This can be solved by 
phrasing the patent-license-grant clause to not cover anyone who incorporates 
OSS (from whatever source) in a closed-source package.  They can negotiate for 
licenses like anyone else.

Paul.

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