Linux-Misc Digest #345, Volume #21 Mon, 9 Aug 99 23:13:17 EDT
Contents:
Has the Red Hat IPO been launched? (Frank Conte)
Re: Linux assembly, etc (Alexander Viro)
errors/panic kmem_free ... buffer_head (Chris Pott)
Which distro? ("Bob Calhoun")
Any Linux learning tips? (Frank Conte)
Re: Okidata 6e works under Linux? (Harold Henry)
EZ-BIOS and LILO (Eric Goforth)
Re: Has the Red Hat IPO been launched? ("Mig Killer")
Re: Which distro? (Marco Anglesio)
Re: Max files sizes under ext2? (Robert Klien)
Re: mount cdrom, floppy, and windows as user??? (huh)
Re: EZ-BIOS and LILO (Justin B Willoughby)
Re: Can't recall commands after upgrade to RH 6.0 ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: Which distro? (Big Daddy)
Re: C structure size inconsitency (Konrad Hambrick)
Couldn't mount Windows 98 second edition ("Unknown")
Re: Any Linux learning tips? (Big Daddy)
Re: mySQL vs mSQL (Carfield Yim)
partition ("Robert J. Schweikert")
Re: EZ-BIOS and LILO (Paul Hambleton)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Frank Conte <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Has the Red Hat IPO been launched?
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 00:54:32 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
I was wondering has Red Hat launched its IPO? Does anyone think this
stock is worth buying? Will they become the next Microsoft?
I think these questions should ensure an interesting thread...
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alexander Viro)
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.apps,comp.os.linux.development.system
Subject: Re: Linux assembly, etc
Date: 9 Aug 1999 20:35:19 -0400
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Johan Kullstam <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>of course it's not *really* a shared library. however, on the surface
>it shares a couple of attributes:
>
>1) system calls are done by a C subroutine call mechanism. in x86 you
> push args onto the stack and use a `call' instruction.
Check the facts, please. It's done by putting the values into registers
followed by int 0x80. No trace of call. We are *not* using the call
gate - it's a trap gate and nothing is copied from the caller's stack.
Check arch/i386/kernel/{trap.c,entry.S} for details. Or just do the following:
al@bird:/tmp$ ar x /usr/lib/libc.a write.o
al@bird:/tmp$ objdump --disassemble write.o |less
write.o: file format elf32-i386
Disassembly of section .text:
00000000 <__libc_write>:
0: 53 pushl %ebx
1: 8b 54 24 10 movl 0x10(%esp,1),%edx
5: 8b 4c 24 0c movl 0xc(%esp,1),%ecx
9: 8b 5c 24 08 movl 0x8(%esp,1),%ebx
d: b8 04 00 00 00 movl $0x4,%eax
12: cd 80 int $0x80
14: 5b popl %ebx
15: 3d 01 f0 ff ff cmpl $0xfffff001,%eax
1a: 0f 83 fc ff ff jae 1c <__libc_write+0x1c>
1f: ff
20: c3 ret
No calls. write(fd,buf,len) is %eax=4; %ebx=fd; %ecx=buf; %edx=len; int 0x80;
followed by error handling (return value is in %eax, if it's between -0x1000
and 0 - jump to the standard routine that sets errno and returns -1). 4 here
is the number of syscall. Using call gates takes more cycles and clutters
GDT. None of Unices on x86 does it.
>> --
>> "You're one of those condescending Unix computer users!"
>> "Here's a nickel, kid. Get yourself a better computer" - Dilbert.
>
>and for the bazillionth time, dilbert doesn't say that! dilbert isn't
>even in that sequence. wally says the first line. the old, bearded,
>suspenders wearing guy says the `here's a nickel bit'.
Arrrgh. And the name of strip being? I *know* who says that (the first
sentence is from Wally). OK, probably the attribution needs quotes.
--
"You're one of those condescending Unix computer users!"
"Here's a nickel, kid. Get yourself a better computer"
"Dilbert"
------------------------------
From: Chris Pott <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: errors/panic kmem_free ... buffer_head
Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 17:47:56 -0700
Greetings, oh wise linux gurus...
I'm trying to set up backup scripts that will backup various
directories to some files, which will then be backed up from another
box.
Every time I run the script, however, the box crashes with a kernel
panic.
Any suggestions? Here's the script, which I have only run as root (via
su):
[user@host scripts]$ cat backup_now.sh
cd /home
find . -type f -depth -print | cpio -ocv >
/home/user_directory/backup/archives/home.backupfile
cd /etc
find . -type f -depth -print | cpio -ocv >
/home/user_directory/backup/archives/etc.backupfile
cd /var
find . -type f -depth -print | cpio -ocv >
/home/user_directory/backup/archives/var.backupfile
cd /bin
find . -type f -depth -print | cpio -ocv >
/home/user_directory/backup/archives/bin.backupfile
cd /sbin
find . -type f -depth -print | cpio -ocv >
/home/user_directory/backup/archives/sbin.backupfile
cd /boot
find . -type f -depth -print | cpio -ocv >
/home/user_directory/backup/archives/boot.backupfile
cd /lib
find . -type f -depth -print | cpio -ocv >
/home/user_directory/backup/archives/lib.backupfile
cd /root
find . -type f -depth -print | cpio -ocv >
/home/user_directory/backup/archives/root.backupfile
cd /usr
find . -type f -depth -print | cpio -ocv >
/home/user_directory/backup/archives/usr.backupfile
Crashes also occur when using tar for similar operations.
An error which comes up often prior to kernel panic is:
kmem-free: Bad obj addr (objp=c37a2140, name=buffer_head).
Is this indicative of a bad or incompatible disk?
Any suggestions appreciated.
Kernel 2.2.6-15apmac (LinuxPPC on a PPC 604e)
--
Chris Pott
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: "Bob Calhoun" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Which distro?
Date: 9 Aug 1999 18:29:00 -0800
Are Linux distributions mutually exclusive, the way other OS's are. I
mean, will software configured for one distro work on another? Or you
caught in an Apple vs Microsoft scenario? Is there one distro
distinctly better than the others? What is the best way for a newby to
get started?
--
Bob Calhoun
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Please remove the "spamfighter." to reply.
------------------------------
From: Frank Conte <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Any Linux learning tips?
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 00:56:40 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
I'm new to Linux and while I have it up and running I was wondering if
there are any tips and tricks that I can practice. For example, Can my
linux box send out a signal and see who's hooked up to the box?
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Harold Henry)
Subject: Re: Okidata 6e works under Linux?
Date: 10 Aug 1999 01:00:03 GMT
[Posted and mailed]
Works Great just choose HP4 and print. However If you boot to 98/95
The stupid thing will (at least mine does) Pick Hiperwindows which Linux
can not work with randomly (even though I tell it I want HP4 to be the
default.
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Armin Kaiser <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> Siemel Naran <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> Hello. Does Okidata 6e works under Linux? It does PCL 5e emulation.
>
> I have not tried it yet, but it should work.
>
> Bye
>
> Armin Kaiser
>
--
------------------------------
From: Eric Goforth <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.hardware,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: EZ-BIOS and LILO
Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 21:16:48 -0400
My old hard drive crashed. I've bought a new WD 13 Gig to replace it,
and
have installed Win98. I'd like to reinstall RH 5.2 as on my old hard
drive.
However, my BIOS doesn't support > 8 Gig HDD so I installed Western
Digital's EZ-BIOS. I assume that this "lives" in my MBR, I see a little
EZ-BIOS message at bootup, before the OS is loaded. Is there any
way that I can use LILO in my MBR as before? What alternatives do I
have? Compaq sez they don't have a BIOS upgrade for my computer
(Presario 4814 P233 MMX).
------------------------------
From: "Mig Killer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Has the Red Hat IPO been launched?
Date: Mon, 9 Aug 1999 22:09:28 -0400
Frank Conte <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> I was wondering has Red Hat launched its IPO?
No.
>Does anyone think this stock is worth buying?
Yes ... after the initial smoke clears from the IPO. If you weren't already
positioned to purchase this IPO at least 30 days ago (or more, depending on
the underwriter), forget it; wait for about 30 days after the IPO date (60
days is better); then, if you still like the price per common share, just do
a standard buy and hold.
> Will they become the next Microsoft?
No. The unpaid GNU, LDP, FSF, et alia are already the 'next Microsoft' and
are damned insulted to be compared to Microsoft or the 'next Microsoft'. Red
Hat has nothing going for it except to 'burn a set of CDs' ... and that big
book LINUX Undercover ... and the Red Hat Package Manager.
Much like Detroit, Microsofts' wake has created a huge aftermarket ...
Executive Softwares' DiskKeeper, Norton Utilities, PowerBuilder ... et
cetera, et cetera, ad finitum. Red Hat is simply part of Linus Torvalds'
wake, a wake formed in great part by GNU, LDP, FSF, and a host of others.
>
> I think these questions should ensure an interesting thread...
That's what you think.
BH
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Marco Anglesio)
Subject: Re: Which distro?
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 01:57:22 GMT
On 9 Aug 1999 18:29:00 -0800, Bob Calhoun <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Are Linux distributions mutually exclusive, the way other OS's are. I
>mean, will software configured for one distro work on another? Or you
Generally speaking, yes. The first difference between distributions is
where they put stuff; some use /opt for optional software, some use
/usr/local/. The second differene between distributions is in packaging
and file tracking software; if you install software with another
distribution's package without converting it, you won't be able to use
your distribution's updating and tracking software on it.
>caught in an Apple vs Microsoft scenario?
In an Apple v. Microsoft scenario, you're dealing with two kinds of
incompatibility. Firstly, binary incompatibility (where the processors,
Motorola and intel or intel-compatible, respectively) are different);
secondly, operating system incompatibility (where the MacOS kernel and
libraries won't run Windows applications, and vice versa). The difference
between linux distributions is minor enough that neither are major
considerations.
The main cause of incompatibility is the up-to-date-ness of a
distribution; since Linux is under continuous development, the libraries
(which provide the functions which a given program uses) can and do change
from time to time. There is usually a lot of notice before a major change,
though.
>Is there one distro distinctly better than the others?
Well, RedHat may well be the most popular. SuSE has been making inroads in
this sense. Debian is mainly oriented towards power users, and has a
political goal (all free and open software, without restrictions) as well
as a functional goal. The rule to avoid all software whose version number
ends with .0 applies, as always :).
>What is thebest way for a newby to
>get started?
Buy a CD. You won't regret it.
marco
--
,--------------------------------------------------------------------------.
> Marco Anglesio | You're a doctor, Juliet. You <
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] | kill people all the time. <
> http://www.the-wire.com/~mpa | (Shallow Grave) <
`--------------------------------------------------------------------------'
------------------------------
From: Robert Klien <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup,redhat.kernel.general
Subject: Re: Max files sizes under ext2?
Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 21:39:29 -0400
Can we expect xfs anytime soon?
------------------------------
From: huh <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: mount cdrom, floppy, and windows as user???
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 01:30:42 GMT
root wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I'm having trouble mounting floppy, cdrom and a windows partition as
> regular user. I used linuxconf to set them user-mountable, but it
> doesn't work. Any ideas guys?
>
to mount the cdrom are you typing something like:
mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom or
mount /mnt/cdrom
with the first one, it gives me a message saying mount:only root can do
that .. however, the second command works. Maybe this is your problem
================== Posted via CNET Linux Help ==================
http://www.searchlinux.com
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Justin B Willoughby)
Subject: Re: EZ-BIOS and LILO
Date: 10 Aug 1999 01:24:51 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Justin B Willoughby)
Eric Goforth ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) writes:
> My old hard drive crashed. I've bought a new WD 13 Gig to replace it,
> and
> have installed Win98. I'd like to reinstall RH 5.2 as on my old hard
> drive.
>
> However, my BIOS doesn't support > 8 Gig HDD so I installed Western
> Digital's EZ-BIOS. I assume that this "lives" in my MBR, I see a little
> EZ-BIOS message at bootup, before the OS is loaded. Is there any
> way that I can use LILO in my MBR as before? What alternatives do I
> have? Compaq sez they don't have a BIOS upgrade for my computer
> (Presario 4814 P233 MMX).
I believe I have a 10GB drive from WD that I am using their EZ-BIOS
software + LILO. Its been a little while and I think the first time I
booted after I installed LILO I had to do some thing (answer a EZ-BIOS
prompt or some thing) and it has been doing great ever since. You can
install Linux with out the EZ-BIOS and see if you can access your whole
drive, if so ditch the EZ-BIOS altogether.
- Justin
--
_/ _/_/_/ _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ RULES!! * LINUX RULES *
_/ _/ _/_/ _/ _/ _/ _/_/ Justin Willoughby
_/ _/ _/ _/_/ _/ _/ _/ http://justinw.net
_/_/_/ _/_/_/ _/ _/ _/_/_/_/ _/ _/ ---- Jesus Is Lord ----
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: Can't recall commands after upgrade to RH 6.0
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 02:30:35 GMT
That worked!!! Thank you very very very much.
Martin
In article <7onqat$puu$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
> Yeah, it's a pain isn't it? Try deleting or commenting out all lines
> in:
> /etc/inputrc
>
> Then 'set -o vi' will regain its former effectiveness...
>
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
------------------------------
From: Big Daddy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Which distro?
Date: 10 Aug 1999 02:00:18 GMT
Scribbling furiously, Bob Calhoun managed to write....
: Are Linux distributions mutually exclusive, the way other OS's are. I
: mean, will software configured for one distro work on another? Or you
: caught in an Apple vs Microsoft scenario? Is there one distro
: distinctly better than the others? What is the best way for a newby to
: get started?
I'd say, 95% of the time or more, software written for one linux distro
will work with any other. The only difference being that some distro's
include certain packages that others do not. For example, if you
installed Slackware, you might not have Gnome (a window manager) with
that, and there are certain things that will work only with Gnome, for
exapmle. Or other things that require certain libraries that you may not
have installed, or that may not've been included with your distro.
Rarely, though, can you not download the required packages required by the
program you are trying to install. Not by any means, though, an Apple v.
M$ scenario.
For a newbie, probably Red Hat or SuSE would be best, in terms of
ease-of-installation and such. Additionally, almost everything is
guaranteed to be compliant with Red Hat.
I'd recommend for a newbie to get started, though, as you are: Ask
questions on newsgroups & do a lil' research yourself. ;-)
--
Big Daddy
who runs RedHat 6.0, is relatively a newbie himself, and has no gripes
thus far w/RH, though others may say different. ;-)
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Konrad Hambrick)
Subject: Re: C structure size inconsitency
Date: 8 Aug 1999 19:40:02 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Andreas Hinz <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Compiling the following:
>------------------------
>#include <time.h>
>#include <stdio.h>
>
>
>struct Test0 {
> char X0[4];
> char X1[100];
> char X2;
> char X3[100];
> char X4[2];
> char X5;
> char X6;
>} T0;
>
>
>struct Test1 {
> time_t X0;
> char X1[100];
> char X2;
> char X3[100];
> char X4[2];
> char X5;
> char X6;
>} T1;
>
>struct Test2 {
> time_t X0;
> char X1;
> char X2;
> char X3;
> char X4;
> char X5;
> char X6;
>} T2;
>
>
>void main(void)
>{
> fprintf(stderr,"%i, %i, %i, %i \n",sizeof(time_t), sizeof(T0), sizeof(T1),
> sizeof(T2));
>}
>-------------------------------------
>
>
>Running the compiled result, 'x', gives the following results:
>
> 4, 209, 212, 12
>
>
>I don't get it. It should have been
>
> 4, 209, 209, 10
>
>
>Can anyone explain this to me, please?
>I first thougt it was some byte alignment, but that does not make sense
>since the structs T0 and T1 should be exact the same size.
>
>
>Running SUSE 6.0, PII266, gcc 2.7.2.3
>
>
>'ldd x' gives:
> libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x40007000)
> /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x2aaaa000)
>
>
>--
>Med venlig hilsen / Best regards
>
>Andreas Hinz
Andreas --
Others have sent along some generally helpful hints.
Here is the answer to your question.
This is a common problem in porting software from
machine to machine when say, you have to read a
binary structure from a file.
Check out 'info gcc' and look for __attribute__((packed))
( I think it is in Attributes or something like ;-)
As a rule, you cannot add byte-sizes to determine the
size of a struct / union / enum -- the total size of
the structure will depend on the cpu type -- the compiler
is free to optomize the alignment of the individual
elements of the struct.
As a rule it is best not to mess with alignment and don't
count on the elements being aligned -- let the compiler
do it's thing..
OTOH, when necessary, gcc does allow for this operation with
the __attribute__((packed)) keyword.
!!! CHECK MY SYNTAX !!!
I believe you want something like:
struct Test0 {
char X0[4];
char X1[100];
char X2;
char X3[100];
char X4[2];
char X5;
char X6;
} __attribute__((packed)) T0;
struct Test1 {
time_t X0;
char X1[100];
char X2;
char X3[100];
char X4[2];
char X5;
char X6;
} __attribute__((packed)) T1;
struct Test2 {
time_t X0;
char X1;
char X2;
char X3;
char X4;
char X5;
char X6;
} __attribute__((packed)) T2;
This should assure the compiler ignores optomized alignment
and the members are packed head-to-tail in the three struct's.
hth.
-- kjh
--
============================================================
Konrad J. Hambrick | email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] |
1111 Seacoast Dr. Unit 41 | home: (619) 423-4451 |
Imperial Beach, CA 91932 | |
------------------------------
From: "Unknown" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Couldn't mount Windows 98 second edition
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 02:18:41 GMT
Couldn't mount Windows 98 second edition
Message "Wrong superblock or too many files to mount" !!!!!!!
------------------------------
From: Big Daddy <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Any Linux learning tips?
Date: 10 Aug 1999 02:01:57 GMT
Scribbling furiously, Frank Conte managed to write....
: I'm new to Linux and while I have it up and running I was wondering if
: there are any tips and tricks that I can practice. For example, Can my
: linux box send out a signal and see who's hooked up to the box?
You can examine your logs. from the prompt,
$ last -10
or any other number, shows who's logged in. The number represents how far
back in the history to go; e.g. 10 would display the last 10 users to log
in. Just a "last" will disply the whole kittin' kaboodle.
--
Big Daddy
------------------------------
From: Carfield Yim <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: mySQL vs mSQL
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 02:54:46 GMT
> If you check out www.mysql.org they have a breakdown
> on why MySQL is better than mSQL (well at least why
> you should consider MySQL over mSQL). Also a better
> function by function breakdown is available in the
> MySQL documentation file within the .tar.gz.
>
> Cheers, Grahame
> --
Yes, It seen that MySQL provide better manual and feather, but can you
tell more about the function?
More, is it really that mSQL is no more advantage over mySQL other than
"mini"?
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
------------------------------
From: "Robert J. Schweikert" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: partition
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 1999 02:41:27 +0000
Still trying to get more space, base on a previous posting I got some
info but then got confused, so here it goes.
I had an empty DOS partition sitting around on my drive and was running short on disk
space for Linux. I ran fdisk and mkfs to change the partition from DOS to Linux (ext2).
However, this is where I got lost now I am somehow supposed to mount the partition.
Well, I understand that I obviously have to let Linux know that there is more space
now, but what do I mount, some directory? And do I have to copy directory structures
to the new partition?
Any details on this procedure are appreciated.
Thanks,
Robert
--
Robert Schweikert
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: Paul Hambleton <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.hardware,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: EZ-BIOS and LILO
Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 21:41:44 -0500
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Eric Goforth wrote:
> My old hard drive crashed. I've bought a new WD 13 Gig to replace it,
> and
> have installed Win98. I'd like to reinstall RH 5.2 as on my old hard
> drive.
>
> However, my BIOS doesn't support > 8 Gig HDD so I installed Western
> Digital's EZ-BIOS. I assume that this "lives" in my MBR, I see a little
> EZ-BIOS message at bootup, before the OS is loaded. Is there any
> way that I can use LILO in my MBR as before? What alternatives do I
> have? Compaq sez they don't have a BIOS upgrade for my computer
> (Presario 4814 P233 MMX).
Wouldn't this depend on how you partitioned the smaller HD? Did you slave
it to the old one with success? If you've installed Linux on a partitioned
drive slaved to your vfat drive, LILO should install boot options in the
MBR. At least it did for me, and I'm a rank newby.
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------------------------------
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