Linux-Misc Digest #752, Volume #25               Wed, 13 Sep 00 16:13:03 EDT

Contents:
  Re: Corel Linux won't boot!? Hangs indefinitely at startup (The Darkener)
  Re: Looking to enter the world of Linux... (Rod Smith)
  Partition size limit? ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
  Re: Linux on system with little RAM? (Edward Lee)
  Re: Init runlevel other than 1 (Radu Serban)
  Re: Partition size limit? (Raymond Doetjes)
  Re: rotating logs (Raymond Doetjes)
  keymap problem (Carlos Rodriguez)
  Re: nfs question (Raymond Doetjes)
  Re: samba configuration (Raymond Doetjes)
  Re: Scripting SSH ("Jeffrey Hood")
  Re: Internet monitoring software (Raymond Doetjes)
  zombie ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
  Re: zombie (Lew Pitcher)
  Re: Score another one for Linux (Dustin Puryear)
  problem creating partition (Daniel Armstrong)
  Re: Scripting SSH (Dustin Puryear)
  Re: Linux on system with little RAM? (Dustin Puryear)
  Re: you can turn the power off now ("Stefan Viljoen")
  Re: Score another one for Linux ("Stefan Viljoen")
  Re: hdparm -dma setting problem (Mike Clarke)
  Re: Sound recording (or rather lack of it). ("Peter T. Breuer")
  finding the mac of a remote machine ?
  Newbie question about depedencies (root)
  Re: user permissions (William W.)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

From: The Darkener <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Corel Linux won't boot!? Hangs indefinitely at startup
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 18:24:09 GMT

> The computer is a Pentium 90, with 80 MB RAM, and a 720 Gig HD. I knew I


^^^^^^^^^
Cool! Where can I get one? =)

--
- The Darkener
It is pitch black.  You are likely to be eaten by a grue.



------------------------------

Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Rod Smith)
Subject: Re: Looking to enter the world of Linux...
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 18:28:53 GMT

[Posted and mailed]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
        Matt Cahill <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> 
>   Howdy,
> 
>   I'm looking to try-out Linux, but I'm sort of torn between Red Hat and 
> Corel. 
...
> if 
> Corel's main facet is it's ease of install, then perhaps I can handle Red 
> Hat if it's got more under the hood?

In the end, Linux is Linux; you can configure any distribution to do
almost exactly what any other can do. Red Hat does come with more stuff,
but you can get it all for Corel (or any other distribution). The main
questions are whether the setup works on your system and how close the
default configuration is to how you want the thing to work. These are
both factors that vary from one system to another and one person to
another.

For my thoughts on specific distributions, check
http://www.rodsbooks.com/distribs/. Brief summary: Corel's installation
is prettier than Red Hat's, but it's seriously flawed for anything
other than a "plain-vanilla" installation.

-- 
Rod Smith, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.rodsbooks.com
Author of books on Linux & multi-OS configuration

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 21:35:19 +0200
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Partition size limit?

Hi
Does Linux has a partition size limit like DOS' 1024M limit, or can I
create larger partitions?
thnx


------------------------------

From: Edward Lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Linux on system with little RAM?
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 11:45:57 -0700

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> I'm working for a company that is thinking on putting Linux onto our
> (privatly developed) small embeded computer. We have enough flash for
> it, and creating the drivers is a minor (and later) problem. The big
> problem is that we only have 2 megs of RAM, and can not afford a system
> where all programs and the OS is loaded into RAM.
>
> Is there a way to make the kernel image and the programs/libraries
> already "loaded" (rellocated) when downloading it into flash?

How is the flash organized?  Is it memory mapped or IO mapped?  If it is
memory mapped, you can perhap preload the un-compressed kernel and execute
it from flash.  I have not done it, but would be interested in trying, or
knowing whether it can be done.



------------------------------

From: Radu Serban <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.portable
Subject: Re: Init runlevel other than 1
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 11:39:48 -0700

a wrote:

> Rasputin wrote:
> >
> > [EMAIL PROTECTED] <Radu Serban> wrote:
> > >"Peter T. Breuer" wrote:
> > >
> > >> Radu Serban <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > >> : P200 with a NeoMagic 12XD video card). If I use anything
> > >> : else but init runlevel 1 (I tried 2,3,5) the computer hangs and
> > >> : all I can see are some numbers that keep scrolling. I have to
> > >> : hard reboot the computer (nothing else works).
> > >> : Anyone can help me with that? Is there any other information
> > >>
> > >Thanks Peter,
> > >It turned out that the problem was 'apmd'. For now I just renamed
> > >that script (S16apmd in my case) to something else such that it's
> > >not started anymore by rc (in runlevels 3 or 5).
> > >--Radu
> > >
> >
> > For future reference, on soem distros (I think Redhat?) you can
> > press a key when init boots that will allow you to start system
> > services one at a time, which allows you to find out which one is puking.
> >
> > --
> >
> > Rasputin.
> > Jack of All Trades - Master of Nuns.
>
> This is true for RH. Just be quick when the message appears.
> There's only about a 1 sec. wait.
>
> BTW Radu, I saw the same problem with my CTX laptop. Disabling the apmd
> startup was my solution also.
>
> --
> Glenn   Loafing along on a Windcheetah  @\_,o
> Manteca, California, USA

Thank you all.
--Radu



------------------------------

From: Raymond Doetjes <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Partition size limit?
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 20:51:00 +0200

You mean 540Mb Limit that you often encounter?
This due to the 1024 cylinder limit of some older BIOSes.

In case of such an old BIOS, you cam solve this problem simply by making
a small boot partition (which you should always do) from about 20MB from
cylinder0.
Once Linux is started it is able to avoid this limitation.

Linux can build big partitions.  Much Larger than 1GB :)

Raymond

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> Hi
> Does Linux has a partition size limit like DOS' 1024M limit, or can I
> create larger partitions?
> thnx


------------------------------

From: Raymond Doetjes <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: rotating logs
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 20:53:08 +0200

You crashing DNS has nothing todo with rotating logs.

You can trace the rotate scripts back when you read the crontab /etc/crontab
there you will see some scripts being started
once a week or daily whatever. It depends on what distro you use what these
scripts do and where they are located.

Raymond

Brian wrote:

> A couple of times a week, I get an Email message at root saying there's
> been an "error rotating logs," so I know it's not happening they way it's
> supposed to.  Meanwhile, this seems to be the culprit in making my DNS
> server crash frequently.  I'm not sure where the script for rotating logs
> is housed..  Any tips on finding it?
>
> --
> Posted via CNET Help.com
> http://www.help.com/


------------------------------

From: Carlos Rodriguez <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: keymap problem
Date: 13 Sep 2000 13:59:31 -0400

Hi there!
I just installed Linux on my gateway2000 solo 5100 laptop
using the SuSe distribution from germany.
Everything works except that the keyboard got screwd.
The letters are ok but many of the symbols keys produce
something different than what the key is label for.
For example:
key labeled * produce (
key labeled & produce /
key labeled ( produce )  (this is particularly annoying!)
etc...

Yes yes I did tell the installation program that I had a US
keyboard and made sure the KEYMAP variable is set to us.

Do you have any idea of what do I need to change to
solve this problem?

Thanks in advance.

-- 

--Carlos.
http://omega.albany.edu:8008/
                


------------------------------

From: Raymond Doetjes <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.unix.questions,comp.os.linux.questions,comp.os.linux.networking
Subject: Re: nfs question
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 20:58:18 +0200

Can you Linux host lookup that gigantic hostname of your SGI?
The version is version 2 Linux doesn't have version 3 NFS yet.

What does your IRIX say when you type showmount -e linuxboxname

Raymond

Mariusz Pagowski wrote:

> Hi,
> I am under RH 6.2 (i686). I am trying to mount my drives on sgi
> and have this problem.
>
> %linux more /etc/exports
> /linux/lelek arqisgi1.tor.ec.gc.ca(rw,link_relative)
> /home arqisgi1.tor.ec.gc.ca(rw,link_relative)
>
> %linux /etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs start
> Starting NFS services:                                     [  OK  ]
> Starting NFS quotas:                                       [  OK  ]
> Starting NFS mountd:                                       [  OK  ]
> Starting NFS daemon:                                       [  OK  ]
>
> sgi can see linux with ping. However,
>
> %sgi mount -v -t nfs arqimp:/home /mnt/home
> mount: arqimp:/home server not responding: Program/version mismatch; low
> v\
> ersion = 1, high version = 2
> NFS version 3 mount failed, trying NFS version 2
> mount: access denied for arqimp:/home
> mount: giving up on:
>    /mnt/home
>
> Can somebody help?
> Thanks,
> MAriusz


------------------------------

From: Raymond Doetjes <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: samba configuration
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 20:59:20 +0200

Please visit my side with all the details on SAMB

http://www.phonax.com

Raymond

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

> I am trying to get my windows machine to connect to Linux via SMB. I
> have done this before but have had to reload Linux. I can't seem to
> remember all the settings. Here is my smb.conf file. Could anyone see
> what I am missing.
>
> Thank you
> John MIller
>
> [global]
> workgroup = DBX
> encrypt passwords = Yes
> log file = /usr/local/samba/log%m
> path = /video
> hosts allow = 192.168.0.
> [john]
> comment = Home Directories
> read only = No
> create mask = 0770 guest ok = Yes


------------------------------

From: "Jeffrey Hood" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Scripting SSH
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 19:00:00 GMT

In article <8po66g$pq1$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Larry <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
> Yes, you can. But it is not very secure. I mean, anything using Secure
> keys is supposed to have a prompt. But there is a very easy way around
> it. Create a password flat file and store it anywhere on the server you
> are connecting from. You can use this syntax:
> 
> scp file.file user@blah: </etc/password.scp
> 

Exactly what I was looking for...  thanks...

JH

------------------------------

From: Raymond Doetjes <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Internet monitoring software
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 21:04:17 +0200

With Squid proxy server you can see what user visitted which sides.
ANd you can block specific hosts.

Your DNS server will have a nice list of cached resolved domains that can be
dumped with a kill -SIGINT pid
You can't block DNS queries to certain domains however.

Raymond

M Lloyd wrote:

> Does anyone know of software that can track outgoing Internet usage by
> listing the originating computer name and domain accessed.  Then be able to
> block certain sites.  I would imagine this would reside on a DNS server but
> am unsure.  TIA


------------------------------

From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: zombie
Date: 13 Sep 2000 18:51:47 GMT

When I run top it says I have 4 zombie processes. Can
someone tell me exactly what a zombie process is? I
couldn't find anything in top man page. Thanks

------------------------------

From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Lew Pitcher)
Subject: Re: zombie
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 19:18:07 GMT

On 13 Sep 2000 18:51:47 GMT, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

>When I run top it says I have 4 zombie processes. Can
>someone tell me exactly what a zombie process is? I
>couldn't find anything in top man page. Thanks

A zombie process is a process that has terminated ('died'), but it's
parent process has not (yet) asked for it's completion code. A zombie
process is not running and takes up no CPU or memory. It only occupies
a slot in the kernel's process table, and that too will be freed once
it's parent asks for it's termination code.

If zombies are bothering you, you need to determine what process was
their parent, and correct it so that it reaps their termination values
at convenient intervals, or so that it spawns them as daemon processes
owned by init (which will reap their termination values
automatically).



Lew Pitcher
Information Technology Consultant
Toronto Dominion Bank Financial Group

([EMAIL PROTECTED])


(Opinions expressed are my own, not my employer's.)

------------------------------

From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Dustin Puryear)
Subject: Re: Score another one for Linux
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 19:27:31 GMT

On Mon, 11 Sep 2000 19:13:32 +0200, "Stefan Viljoen"
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

>I regularly do long raytraces - gave up on final tracing in Windows (PovRay)
>after one scene kept consistently rebooting the maching.
>
>Switched to Linux and those problems simply dissappeared - literally!! My
>current render has been grinding away for about 50 hours now - in Doze I
>never got more than about 25 without some kind of snafu, foul up or crash...

50 hours? Sounds like it's time for a Beowulf cluster in your closet.
I saw some stats with POVRAY and it's seems to offer a rather
impressive improvement.

---
Dustin Puryear <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Author of "Integrate Linux Solutions into Your Windows Network"
The Baton Rouge Linux User Group - http://www.brlug.net

------------------------------

From: Daniel Armstrong <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: problem creating partition
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 19:33:21 GMT

Hello,

I am using fdisk to create partitions on a IDE hard drive. Partitions
1-16 have been created and had ext2 filesystems installed without any
difficulties. I have an extended partition that stretches from cylinder
40-1757.

Now I am trying to create a logical partition /dev/hda17 starting at
cylinder 1369 and ending with lots of space still to spare. fdisk
creates this partition no problem, writes it to the disk, and I reboot
the system so that the new partition "takes hold". I check to make sure
/dev/hda17 is there, which is the case.

Now when I go to create a filesystem on this new partition:

    mke2fs -c /dev/hda17 682731

I get the response:

    Could not stat /dev/hda17 --- No such file or directory
    The device apparently does not exist; did you specify it correctly?

I have confirmed with fdisk that the partition is indeed there. Every
other logical partition before this newly-created one has been created
and formatted without difficulty. I have tried using fdisk to delete,
reboot, and recreate /dev/hda17 without any change. The Partition
Mini-HOWTO states that you should be able to create up to 63 partitions
on a IDE hard drive.

Any thoughts out there concerning how I can fix this?

Cheers,

Daniel






------------------------------

From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Dustin Puryear)
Subject: Re: Scripting SSH
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 19:33:44 GMT

On Wed, 13 Sep 2000 19:00:00 GMT, "Jeffrey Hood" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:

>In article <8po66g$pq1$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Larry <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>wrote:
>> Yes, you can. But it is not very secure. I mean, anything using Secure
>> keys is supposed to have a prompt. But there is a very easy way around
>> it. Create a password flat file and store it anywhere on the server you
>> are connecting from. You can use this syntax:
>> 
>> scp file.file user@blah: </etc/password.scp
>> 
>
>Exactly what I was looking for...  thanks...

Alternatively, you could just add your public key on the server and be
done with password prompts altogether. Of course, then it might be too
seamless..

---
Dustin Puryear <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Author of "Integrate Linux Solutions into Your Windows Network"
The Baton Rouge Linux User Group - http://www.brlug.net

------------------------------

From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Dustin Puryear)
Subject: Re: Linux on system with little RAM?
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 19:35:00 GMT

On Wed, 13 Sep 2000 11:45:57 -0700, Edward Lee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
>> it, and creating the drivers is a minor (and later) problem. The big
>> problem is that we only have 2 megs of RAM, and can not afford a system
>> where all programs and the OS is loaded into RAM.
>>
>> Is there a way to make the kernel image and the programs/libraries
>> already "loaded" (rellocated) when downloading it into flash?
>
>How is the flash organized?  Is it memory mapped or IO mapped?  If it is
>memory mapped, you can perhap preload the un-compressed kernel and execute
>it from flash.  I have not done it, but would be interested in trying, or
>knowing whether it can be done.

Also, search around for the several embedded Linux projects as the
problem might already be solved.

---
Dustin Puryear <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Author of "Integrate Linux Solutions into Your Windows Network"
The Baton Rouge Linux User Group - http://www.brlug.net

------------------------------

From: "Stefan Viljoen" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: you can turn the power off now
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 21:28:53 +0200


<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:8pjmg7$h4b$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> my SuSE 6.2 displays the message 'run level 0 has been reached'.  It
> goes thru a whole shutdown thang involving the TERM signal being sent
> to all the active processes, and the system trying to unmout all
> mounted devices.
>
> Additionally, I think the idea with Linux is not to turn your machine
> off, hence you hear a lot of stories of people running Linux for
> days/months on end before a single reboot.  Course, this is not really
> the norm for your home PC, and possibly it goes against the grain of
> the whole KDE/GNOME ideal of getting an easy-to-use Linux system on the
> home PC.
>
> I'm not too hot on Linux yet, so someone else will be able to give a
> more comprehensive reply, but I've never experienced any troubles
> shutting down my laptop, except that there's no auto-power off like in
> Windows.
>
> Perhaps a little hacking is in order to make the message more straight
> forward...? (just don't ask me to do it...;-)

I've noticed on my RedHat 6 system that doing "shutown -H now" runs through
termination stuff and then says "Power Down" - yet a few seconds later it is
apparently still busy - it says "stopping all MD devices" (what the heck's
that?!) about five second after "power down". I once accidently did switch
off before it did the "stopping all MD devices" line (so it must still have
been busy) but there was no change on reboot (like forced fsck etc.)

Why?


--
St�fan Viljoen a. k. a. Rylan
http://home.intekom.com/rylan/
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
F/EMS Dispatcher
Potchefstroom Emergency Services
South Africa


"We want you to be soldiers - deadly as long as you still have one arm or
one leg and you are still alive."
 - R. A. H. in "Starship Troopers"




------------------------------

From: "Stefan Viljoen" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Score another one for Linux
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 21:33:50 +0200


<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:8pjjdh$des$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> What  programme in Linux?
>
> In article <8pj7sn$o2k$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
>   "Stefan Viljoen" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > I regularly do long raytraces - gave up on final tracing in Windows
> (PovRay)
> > after one scene kept consistently rebooting the maching.

megapovplus


--
St�fan Viljoen a. k. a. Rylan
http://home.intekom.com/rylan/
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
F/EMS Dispatcher
Potchefstroom Emergency Services
South Africa


"We want you to be soldiers - deadly as long as you still have one arm or
one leg and you are still alive."
 - R. A. H. in "Starship Troopers"




------------------------------

From: Mike Clarke <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: hdparm -dma setting problem
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 20:42:01 +0100
Reply-To: Mike Clarke <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Rafael Przybyszewski
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

>I could not set direct memmory access using
>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda
>I am geting such error:
>
>HDIO_SET_DMA failed: Operation not permitted
>using_dma = 0 (off)
>
>
>Where is the problem? On the other machine I have not such probblem.

Check that your kernel has DMA support for your controller. I had to
apply a patch from the ALI website to get UDMA support for the ALI
M1543C chipset on my Asus P5A motherboard.

-- 
Mike Clarke

------------------------------

From: "Peter T. Breuer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Sound recording (or rather lack of it).
Date: 13 Sep 2000 19:34:18 GMT

"Barry Samuels" <Barry Samuels <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
: I am running Debian 2.2, kernel 2.2.17pre6 and a SoundBlaster Live using
: the Creative/Emu module.

: When I say I cannot record I mean that, although I can create a file by
: using something like Gramofile, Sound-recorder or KRecord, when it is
: played back it produces silence (not a scientifically accurate statement)! 
: The file size increases by about 8MB per minute.

What's inside it? zeros or ones?

Peter

------------------------------

From: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: finding the mac of a remote machine ?
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 15:58:38 -0400

I would like to know what the command is to sent an arp request manually.
This is so that, for example, given an ip say 10.0.0.7, I then do a
"arprequest 10.0.0.7" which then prints out the ip and the mac address.
would arpwatch have something to do with it ?

Thanks,
joseph




------------------------------

From: root <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Newbie question about depedencies
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 15:50:15 -0400

Hello all,

First, if this is the wrong newsgroup to post this in, I do apologize. I
looked for a newsgrou pertaining to new Linux users, but couldn't find
one. So I thouhgt I would try here.

Pleaae bear in mind I'm completely new to the Linux world. I have been
working with the DOS/Windows platform for the past 10 years or so , so
right now all the computing concpets I'm familiar with  have to be
expanded. This is s slow process, so please go eaay on me. :o)

FYI, I'm running Linux-Mandrake 7.0, with KDE 1.1.2

I need an IMAP mail client, so I decided to donwload KImap form
www.freshmeat.net. I downloaded the .rpm file (as Linux-Mandrake is
supposed to handle rpm files), and tried to install it with kpackage.
However, I get the following error message:

---
Dependency Problem:
libjpeg.so.6 is needed by kimap-0.1.4-1
---

I installled my system from the commerical package, so I wouldnt't think
my system would be deficient of any needed libraries. I would also think
that a program would ship with all the necesary dependencies (my
experiene developing apps for Windows), but again I'm just a newbie at
this, so I'm really getting in over my head here.

Where would I find this library (I assune this is what this is - sort of
simllar to a Windows DLLs, methinks?) , and where would I nistall it?
Does KDE have an equivalent to the Windows\System directory?

Thanks for your help,
Tyson

---
Tyson J. Grubb

If  you reply by email, remove the NO_SPAM_ in the address.


------------------------------

From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (William W.)
Subject: Re: user permissions
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2000 20:08:35 GMT

In our last episode (13 Sep 2000 16:47:39 +0100),
the artist formerly known as Andreas Kahari said:
>In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
>Retro Grouch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>This is a dumb question - I have a script that runs as a particular user. 
>>The permissions of the files created by this script default to 644 - I
>>need to set it up as 770.
>>
>>In other words, every file created by this user should have the default
>>permissions of 770.
>>
>>Where, oh where do I set this?  I know it has to be available somewhere. 
>>I've done it before, but it has fallen out through the cracks in my brain.
>>
>>--Yan
>
>Use "umask 644" in the script. It should work but I haven't tried it
>lately. You might have to set it back to the old value afterwards, I
>think, maybe. "umask" is defnitly the answer, anyway, I think.

I think you mean "umask 007".  The umask is Bond. James Bond.

A umask of 644 will create files with default permissions of 133 for
executables and 022 for non-executables. That means your files will be
---x-w--w- and -----w--w- respectively, which is kind of weird.

-- 
It is pitch black.
You are likely to be spammed by a grue.

------------------------------


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