Linux-Misc Digest #996, Volume #25 Tue, 10 Oct 00 09:13:04 EDT
Contents:
Re: Best way to backup? (Jean-David Beyer)
Re: Strange SCSI behavior (M. Buchenrieder)
Optimizing compilation ("valentg ")
Re: Optimizing compilation (Martin Herrman)
Re: Mystery Initial PATH Setting (Andreas K�h�ri)
can't login - hacked? ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Equation Editors - AND STARMATH... (Radix)
Re: Equation Editors - AND STARMATH... (Andreas K�h�ri)
Re: can't login - hacked? ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: HELP: can't umount filesystem on shutdown! (Giacomo Catenazzi)
Capslock in Xterm (calais)
Re: Equation Editors - AND STARMATH... (Robert Kiesling)
Re: Equation Editors - AND STARMATH... ("G Pollack")
Re: Linux contra Microsoft ("Larry Ebbitt ")
Re: Linux contra Microsoft ("Larry Ebbitt ")
Re: can't login - hacked? ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
'Stopping pcmcia': Laptop sometimes hangs during shutdown (Doug)
Re: Setting amount of RAM in lilo/grub ("Alan Pettigrew")
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Jean-David Beyer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Best way to backup?
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 05:26:47 -0400
"David M. Cook" wrote:
> On Mon, 09 Oct 2000 21:10:22 GMT, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> wrote:
>
> >Until I install a tape drive or backup unit, I'm looking for a way to
> >backup the entire linux root partition on a regular basis to a local
> >disk or maybe to a network share. Does anyone know of a good *safe* way
> >to do this? I'm thinking I can tar it up, but don't know the best
> >parameters. Could i use cpio?
>
> Do you really need to backup the entire root directory, or can you get away
> with /etc, /home, and /var?
>
> Dave Cook
I back up the entire /usr directory because my system has been upgraded quite
a bit from the original stuff on CD-ROM, and I hate to reinstall all the RPMs
and other software again. (I keep the most recent RPBs on disk, and that is
backed up, too.) Installing some of them is quite tricky because of the
dependencies. I am reluctant to use the --force and --nodeps options unless I
really have to. Many of the RPMs must go in in a particular order, and grouped
in particular ways. If I backup the entire /usr directory, I can generally
restore from the backup tape. (I scared myself a couple of weeks ago when I
re-installed from scratch only to realize that my backup software (BRU) was
not on the CD-ROM. Fortunately, I had made a copy of it onto a floppy, so I
could restore, but I had forgotten that to begin with.)
--
.~. Jean-David Beyer Registered Linux User 85642.
/V\ Registered Machine 73926.
/( )\ Shrewsbury, New Jersey
^^-^^ 5:20am up 10:59, 2 users, load average: 1.41, 1.21, 1.15
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (M. Buchenrieder)
Subject: Re: Strange SCSI behavior
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 06:38:22 GMT
Leonard Evens <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
[External ZIP drive turned off]
>Then I saw lots of messages about the SCSI bus being
>reset, timing out, etc. I suppose this makes sense. The SCSI bus
>was trying to talk to the zip disk but coudln't find it. When
>I turned the zip disk back on again all was well.
[...]
The external ZIP drives are supposed to terminate the SCSI chain;
this, however, does only work when they are powered on. Bad design.
With the ZIP drived turned off, your SCSI chain is incorrectly
configured, which will cause the bus to be resetted again and again.
Michael
--
Michael Buchenrieder * [EMAIL PROTECTED] * http://www.muc.de/~mibu
Lumber Cartel Unit #456 (TINLC) & Official Netscum
Note: If you want me to send you email, don't munge your address.
------------------------------
From: "valentg " <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Optimizing compilation
Date: 10 Oct 2000 10:03:05 GMT
Hello,
How can I setup gcc so that it automatically compiles everything for my
PIII instead of for a 386 ? (will this also work with makefiles?)
Cause I don't really see why it's best to compile your tarballs yourself if
they end up being optimized for a 386 :-(
Thanks for any input.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Martin Herrman)
Subject: Re: Optimizing compilation
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 12:04:20 +0200
On 10 Oct 2000 10:03:05 GMT, valentg <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hello,
> How can I setup gcc so that it automatically compiles everything for my
> PIII instead of for a 386 ? (will this also work with makefiles?)
> Cause I don't really see why it's best to compile your tarballs yourself if
> they end up being optimized for a 386 :-(
>
> Thanks for any input.
In /root/.bash_profile:
CFLAGS=-O3 -mcpu=i686 -march=i686
CXXFLAGS=$CFLAGS
EXPORT CFLAGS CXXFLAGS
HTH
Martin
--
Linux Gebruikers Handleiding v1.2 : http://2mypage.cjb.net
Linux RedHat 6.1 Kernel 2.2.17 Toshiba P233 MHz, 32 Mb RAM
12:00pm up 4 min, 2 users, load average: 0.08, 0.21, 0.10
Western Civilization, that would be a good idea!
------------------------------
Subject: Re: Mystery Initial PATH Setting
From: Andreas K�h�ri <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: 10 Oct 2000 12:27:56 +0100
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
* Tong * <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Hi,
>
>I saw that the first line of my /etc/profile file is:
>
>PATH="$PATH:/usr/X11R6/bin"
>
>So I added the following line before it to show the Initial PATH:
>
>echo "/etc/profile:: PATH=$PATH"
>
>and it show (when run "su -")
>
>/etc/profile::
>PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin/X11
>
>I just can't figure it out, what the h... does this initial PATH
>come from? Shouldn't the /etc/profile be the first file that (ba)sh
>launches? How can I tweak it?
>
>Thanks!
On Debian systems, there's a file called /etc/login.defs that contains
the lines
#
# *REQUIRED* The default PATH settings, for superuser and normal users.
#
# (they are minimal, add the rest in the shell startup files)
ENV_SUPATH
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin
ENV_PATH PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/games
Thee might be some similar thing on your system
(try "grep 'PATH=' /etc/* 2> /dev/null | less")
/A
--
Andreas K�h�ri,
Uppsala University, Sweden.
=============================={ "free", as in "software" --> www.gnu.org
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: can't login - hacked?
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 10:50:46 GMT
Hi All,
I've just been told by one of my users that they couldn't login via FTP
to my RH6.2 box because they kept being told their password was
invalid. I have tried changing their password and the /etc/shadow file
shows that there has been a change, but still they can't login via
FTP. I then checked numerous other accounts and none of them can login
by FTP or telnet. I can only get in to the box by SSH now.
This feels very like a hacker. I found an executable called wzap in
my /var/log directory and it seems to remove users from wtmp. I
haven't put it there ... is it part of a default install or signs of a
hacker.
HELP!!
Louis
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Before you buy.
------------------------------
From: Radix <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux,sci.math
Subject: Equation Editors - AND STARMATH...
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 08:15:57 -0230
Hi there:
Does anyone know of an equation editor (for linux systems) that can
display complex mathematical equations (greek alphabet, and all that
other stuff) etc. I have been using StarMATH (included with StarOffice),
but it doesn't have the ability, that I know of, to save the
equation/formula as a picture file (*.jpg, *.gif, *.bmp etc.)... This
is important for me... Thanks...
--
-Trevor
======================
"That's all right, I still got my guitar"...
-James Marshall Hendrix (11/27/1942-09/18/1970)
------------------------------
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux,sci.math
Subject: Re: Equation Editors - AND STARMATH...
From: Andreas K�h�ri <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: 10 Oct 2000 13:15:58 +0100
[sci.math removed from followups]
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Radix <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Hi there:
>
>Does anyone know of an equation editor (for linux systems) that can
>display complex mathematical equations (greek alphabet, and all that
>other stuff) etc. I have been using StarMATH (included with StarOffice),
>but it doesn't have the ability, that I know of, to save the
>equation/formula as a picture file (*.jpg, *.gif, *.bmp etc.)... This
>is important for me... Thanks...
The most common way to write documents containing mathematics on Unix
and GNU/Linux systems are by using a typesetting system like e.g.
LaTeX. On GNU/Linux, the most used distribution of LaTeX is (I guess)
teTeX. For a guide of how to use it, search for "LaTeX tutorial" using
your favorite web search engine.
To get the equation (or whatever) to a bitmapped format, use e.g.
LaTeX2HTML
(<URL:http://cbl.leeds.ac.uk/nikos/tex2html/doc/latex2html/latex2html.html>).
There might be better ways of course...
/A
--
Andreas K�h�ri,
Uppsala University, Sweden.
=============================={ "free", as in "software" --> www.gnu.org
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: can't login - hacked?
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 11:14:36 GMT
Hi Again,
It just got worse - it is a hacker. I just saw in top that there were
several processes running which I don't recognise and after updatedb
and locate on the process name I found the intruder's directory which
seems to indicate that this program is a packet sniffer!!
HELP! What do I do now?? He obviously got root or else he couldn't
run the packet sniffer. Is my just stopping his processes, deleting
his directory and changing root and other passwords enough??
Equally, how do I get all my normal telnet and FTP logins back??
I seriously need the help of a security guru here :o)
L
In article <8rusa5$pil$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Hi All,
>
> I've just been told by one of my users that they couldn't login via
FTP
> to my RH6.2 box because they kept being told their password was
> invalid. I have tried changing their password and the /etc/shadow
file
> shows that there has been a change, but still they can't login via
> FTP. I then checked numerous other accounts and none of them can
login
> by FTP or telnet. I can only get in to the box by SSH now.
>
> This feels very like a hacker. I found an executable called wzap in
> my /var/log directory and it seems to remove users from wtmp. I
> haven't put it there ... is it part of a default install or signs of a
> hacker.
>
> HELP!!
>
> Louis
>
> Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
> Before you buy.
>
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Before you buy.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 13:37:46 +0200
From: Giacomo Catenazzi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: HELP: can't umount filesystem on shutdown!
Ben Logan wrote:
>
> I really need some help here...my system won't shut down properly any more.
>
> I have two drives in my RedHat 6.2 box. One of them had linux on it and the
> other windoze. I was running out of space in linux, so I wiped windows off
> the other disk (/dev/hda1). Then I created an ext2 filesystem on it and
> mounted it in /usr/hda1.
> Then I moved /usr/lib to /usr/hda1/lib and made a symlink so that the
> libraries could still be found in /usr/lib.
A problem is here! (I used to made symlink from /usr/lib to /sys/3.
A problem is the symlink behaviour (and it is not as bash works!)
In your /usr/hda1 (== /usr/lib) there are surelly some symlinks that
start
with ../.
E.g. Normally /usr/lib/X11 points to /usr/X11R6/lib/X11. In your
/usr/lib
this symlink is probably X11 -> ../X11/lib/X11. Thus when you point
/usr/lib
to /usr/hda1/lib the X directory become /usr/hda1/lib/../X11/lib/X11 (
== /usr/hda1/X11/lib/X11) which is different to /usr/X11/lib/X11).
This cause a lot of problems.
>
> Everything went fine, until I tried to shut my system down. Then I got the
> following error messages (the first message isn't an error, I included it
> for context):
>
> Turning off quotas [ok]
> Unmounting file systems umount2: Device or resource busy
> umount: /usr/hda1: device is busy
> umount2: Device or resource busy
> umount: /usr: device is busy
>
> No process references; use -v for the complete list
> No automatic removal. Please use umount /usr/hda1
> INIT: no more processes left in this runlevel
>
> I have another system with which I did the same thing, except that I mounted
> the new partition (/dev/hdc1 in this case instead of /dev/hda1) directly as
> /usr/lib--no symlinks that way. It has the same problem now when I try to
> shut it down.
But this should happen! Probably is an RH error: there is a program in
shout-down procedure that uses the /usr/lib. (Any critical program
should useonly the library
in /lib).
Thus: 1- Don't use symlink!
2- Update the RH or move some over dirs. (/var /usr/doc /usr/share,...)
giacomo
>
> Here's my /etc/fstab file:
> /dev/hdb7 / ext2 defaults 1 1
> /dev/hdb1 /boot ext2 defaults 1 2
> /dev/hdb6 /home ext2 defaults 1 2
> /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom iso9660 noauto,user,ro 0 0
> /dev/hdb5 /usr ext2 defaults 1 2
> /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto,user 0 0
> /dev/hda1 /usr/hda1 ext2 defaults 1 2
> none /proc proc defaults 0 0
> none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
> /dev/hdb8 swap swap defaults 0 0
>
> Any help would be greatly appreciated.
> Ben Logan
------------------------------
From: calais <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Capslock in Xterm
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 11:29:38 GMT
Hi,
I have a need to start an Xterm session and have the users profile set
the capslock on. This works on VT's with setled, but I have been
unsuccessful with the 'xset' command.
Does anybody know how to do this or if in fact it is posible?
--
==========================================
Regards,
Eddie Bertinat, Future Net Pty Ltd
===========================================
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Before you buy.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Robert Kiesling)
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux
Subject: Re: Equation Editors - AND STARMATH...
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: 10 Oct 2000 07:34:01 -0400
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Andreas K�h�ri <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>[sci.math removed from followups]
>
>In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Radix <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>Hi there:
>>
>>Does anyone know of an equation editor (for linux systems) that can
>>display complex mathematical equations (greek alphabet, and all that
>>other stuff) etc. I have been using StarMATH (included with StarOffice),
>>but it doesn't have the ability, that I know of, to save the
>>equation/formula as a picture file (*.jpg, *.gif, *.bmp etc.)... This
>>is important for me... Thanks...
>
>The most common way to write documents containing mathematics on Unix
>and GNU/Linux systems are by using a typesetting system like e.g.
>LaTeX. On GNU/Linux, the most used distribution of LaTeX is (I guess)
>teTeX. For a guide of how to use it, search for "LaTeX tutorial" using
>your favorite web search engine.
There's something called TeXMacs, a semi-wysiwig equation editor which
can use LaTeX as is formatting language. I haven't used it and can't
recommend it. It has a home page, http://www.texmacs.org/. For
graphics output, from TeX and LaTeX at least, the standard way is to
use dvips to write a Postscript file, and then you could translate it
using ImageMagick or some other graphics program. There's also LyX,
which uses LaTeX as its formatting language. If it's not important to
have wysiwig, then plain TeX or LaTeX would work as a markup
language. These are all available as RPM packages. The TeX archives
are at ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/ and mirror sights. I think
the teTeX HOWTO is still on http://www.linuxdoc.org/, though
I haven't updated it for the latest versions of TeX.
--
Robert Kiesling
Linux FAQ Maintainer
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
http://www.mainmatter.com/linux-faq/toc.html http://www.mainmatter.com/
------------------------------
From: "G Pollack" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Equation Editors - AND STARMATH...
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux,sci.math
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 11:49:29 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Radix <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
> Hi there:
>
> Does anyone know of an equation editor (for linux systems) that can
> display complex mathematical equations (greek alphabet, and all that
> other stuff) etc. I have been using StarMATH (included with StarOffice),
> but it doesn't have the ability, that I know of, to save the
> equation/formula as a picture file (*.jpg, *.gif, *.bmp etc.)... This
> is important for me... Thanks...
>
You can copy/paste the formula from the text document into a StarOffice
drawing, and then save it as a bit-mapped image. Alternatively, you could
capture the SO screen with gimp, xv, etc. and crop that down to the
formula.
------------------------------
From: "Larry Ebbitt " <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 07:52:36 -0400 (EDT)
Reply-To: "Larry Ebbitt" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Linux contra Microsoft
On Tue, 10 Oct 2000 01:18:54 -0700, Tom Emerson wrote:
>Ummm... "java"? <ducking & running>
>
>[oh, wait, it's not COMPILED, it's INTERPRETED...] :)
>
>(whew, got out of that one Just In Time)
Like to skate close to the edge?
Well, one could have a JIT, but I'm pretty sure it's optional.
Heck, maybe we'll both get educated <g>.
Larry - Atlanta - Linux + OS/2
------------------------------
From: "Larry Ebbitt " <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 07:55:07 -0400 (EDT)
Reply-To: "Larry Ebbitt" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Linux contra Microsoft
On 10 Oct 2000 08:15:13 GMT, Tyler Larson wrote:
>You don't agree with my narrative? I agree that it's way over-simplified.
>But I believe the the principle is there.
I agree, but don't quit your day job <g>.
Larry - Atlanta - Linux + OS/2
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: can't login - hacked?
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 12:56:34 +0100
Reply-To: no_replyto@oursite
This message has been posted by: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Dave Ewart)
On Tue, 10 Oct 2000 11:14:36 GMT, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> ...
>
>HELP! What do I do now?? He obviously got root or else he couldn't
>run the packet sniffer. Is my just stopping his processes, deleting
>his directory and changing root and other passwords enough??
Not enough, I'm afraid - you may miss something that the intruder has
installed on your system.
The usual advice to give to someone in your position is to completely
re-install your OS from scratch (including formatting partitions). I
don't see any reason not to offer the same advice to you. You have
backups of stuff, right? You may be able to get away with keeping
/home, but if you have a "known good" backup, it's probably not worth
taking the chance.
Dave.
--
Dave Ewart
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Computing Manager
ICRF Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford UK
------------------------------
From: Doug <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: 'Stopping pcmcia': Laptop sometimes hangs during shutdown
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 08:37:21 -0400
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==============9F6E6733277989F2DDC45560
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Hi,
I have a Dell Inspiron 7500 laptop dual-booting Windows 2000 and Red Hat
Linux 6.2. We use a Xircom RealPort CardBus Ethernet 10/100 + Modem 56
card in the laptop for network connectivity. When shutting down the
laptop from the Linux login prompt, it usually (but not always) hangs at
'Stopping pcmcia'. Sometimes, if we remove the card, it will continue
shutdown, but alot of the time we have to actually power the notebook
off. Typing shutdown or reboot from a terminal window in Linux shuts
down the notebook with no problems.
Has anyone else seen a problem like this and if so, is there a
resolution for it? Thanks!
- Doug -
==============9F6E6733277989F2DDC45560
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fn:Douglas B. Dodson
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==============9F6E6733277989F2DDC45560==
------------------------------
From: "Alan Pettigrew" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To:
alt.os.linux.mandrake,comp.os.linux.hardware,comp.os.linux.help,comp.os.linux.networking,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Setting amount of RAM in lilo/grub
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2000 13:35:30 +0100
This is a common problem mentioned often in the newsgroups.
There are 3 solutions:
1) Upgrade your BIOS. You can download new versions from the web for your
board and flash the BIOS.
2) Amend the BIOS settings. On my K7M Athlon board with AMI BIOS it is
ACPI Aware O/S
Set this to No to get Linux to use > 64M memory
3) Add a line to /etc/lilo.conf (assuming you use lilo) in the section for
the Linux
you are loading
append="mem=128M"
and re-run lilo to update its tables
Be careful here - lilo takes what you type here as true. If you say you
have
more than you actually have you will get strange crashes.
Good luck
Alan
"James Luongo" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> I am using grub/lilo as a bootloader. I really can't tell which one it
> is. There is a GUI when I startup to choose the OS to boot to yet it
> uses /etc/lilo.conf. But anyway, how do I set the amount of RAM? I
> have 384M but its only seeing 66M.
>
> thanks
>
------------------------------
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End of Linux-Misc Digest
******************************
