Linux-Networking Digest #344, Volume #10 Mon, 1 Mar 99 14:13:45 EST
Contents:
Sendmail problems (Benjamin Johnson)
Re: 3COM 3c905b and 100MBit (Juergen Kruegel)
Re: domain with remote hosts? (Rick Onanian)
Re: setting up a remote virtual console (Rick Onanian)
Router on peer-to-peer lan? (David Burlage)
Re: proxy cache server (Andreas Peetz)
How to send Multicast packets ("Vish Viswanathan")
Road Runner Question ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Diald not dialing after modem is shut off. (Scott W. Petesen)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Benjamin Johnson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Sendmail problems
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1999 15:07:32 +0000
Hi! I wonder if anyone out there can help me with a problem I am having
with sendmail.
I can send mail to remote users perfectly well, but as soon as any mail
is pushed to my by SMTP from my ISP, or I send any local mail it just
sits in the mail queue and I get the following message when running
'mailq'.
[root@tilian-products /]# mailq
Mail Queue (1 requests)
--Q-ID-- --Size-- -----Q-Time----- ------------Sender/Recipient---------
---
OAA00464 3 Mon Mar 1 14:11 root
(Operating system error: Error 0)
bj
I really can't work out what's going on, and I enclose my sendmail.cf in
case anyone can help me! Thanks in advance...
#
######################################################################
######################################################################
#####
##### SENDMAIL CONFIGURATION FILE
#####
##### built by root@linux on Fri Jul 21 01:16:42 BST 1995
##### in /usr/src/sendmail/cf
#####
######################################################################
######################################################################
##### @(#)cf.m4 8.4 (Berkeley) 12/24/93 #####
##### @(#)linux.demon.cf 3.2 (linux.demon.co.uk) 06-May-96 #####
##### @(#)linux.m4 8.2 (Berkeley) 8/21/93 #####
##### @(#)always_add_domain.m4 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/7/93 #####
##### @(#)nocanonify.m4 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/7/93 #####
##### @(#)nouucp.m4 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/7/93 #####
##### @(#)proto.m4 8.45 (Berkeley) 3/4/94 #####
# level 5 config file format
V5
##################
# local info #
##################
Cwlocalhost
CP.
# "Smart" relay host (may be null)
DSsmtp:post.demon.co.uk
# who I send unqualified names to (null means deliver locally)
DR
# who gets all local email traffic ($R has precedence for unqualified
names)
DH
# who I masquerade as (null for no masquerading)
DM
# class L: names that should be delivered locally, even if we have a
relay
# class E: names that should be exposed as from this host, even if we
masquerade
#CLroot
CEroot
# operators that cannot be in local usernames (i.e., network indicators)
CO @ %
# a class with just dot (for identifying canonical names)
C..
# dequoting map
Kdequote dequote
######################
# Special macros #
######################
# SMTP initial login message
De$j Sendmail $v/$Z ready at $b
# UNIX initial From header format
DlFrom $g $d
# my name for error messages
DnMAILER-DAEMON
# delimiter (operator) characters
Do.:%@!^/[]
# format of a total name
Dq$?x$x <$g>$|$g$.
# Configuration version number
DZv3.2
###############
# Options #
###############
# strip message body to 7 bits on input?
O7False
# wait (in minutes) for alias file rebuild
Oa10
# location of alias file
OA/etc/aliases
# minimum number of free blocks on filesystem
Ob4
# substitution for space (blank) characters
OB.
# avoid connecting to "expensive" mailers on initial submission?
OcFalse
# checkpoint queue runs after every N successful deliveries
OC10
# default delivery mode
Odbackground
# automatically rebuild the alias database?
ODFalse
# error message header/file
#OE/etc/sendmail.oE
# error mode
#Oep
# save Unix-style "From_" lines at top of header?
OfFalse
# temporary file mode
OF0600
# match recipients against GECOS field?
OGFalse
# default GID
Og1
# maximum hop count
Oh17
# location of help file
OH/usr/lib/sendmail.hf
# ignore dots as terminators in incoming messages?
OiFalse
# Insist that the BIND name server be running to resolve names
OI
# deliver MIME-encapsulated error messages?
OjFalse
# Forward file search path
#OJ/var/forward/$u:$z/.forward.$w:$z/.forward
# open connection cache size
Ok2
# open connection cache timeout
OK5m
# use Errors-To: header?
OlFalse
# log level
OL9
# send to me too, even in an alias expansion?
OmFalse
# verify RHS in newaliases?
OnTrue
# default messages to old style headers if no special punctuation?
OoTrue
# SMTP daemon options
#OOPort=esmtp
# privacy flags
Opauthwarnings
# who (if anyone) should get extra copies of error messages
#OPPostmaster
# slope of queue-only function
#Oq600000
# queue directory
OQ/var/spool/mqueue
# read timeout -- now OK per RFC 1123 section 5.3.2
#Ordatablock=10m
# queue up everything before forking?
OsTrue
# status file
OS/etc/sendmail.st
# default message timeout interval
OT5d/4h
# time zone handling:
# if undefined, use system default
# if defined but null, use TZ envariable passed in
# if defined and non-null, use that info
#Ot
# default UID
Ou1
# list of locations of user database file (null means no lookup)
OU
# fallback MX host
#OVfall.back.host.net
# if we are the best MX host for a site, try it directly instead of
config err
OwFalse
# load average at which we just queue messages
Ox8
# load average at which we refuse connections
OX12
# work recipient factor
#Oy30000
# deliver each queued job in a separate process?
OYFalse
# work class factor
#Oz1800
# work time factor
#OZ90000
###########################
# Message precedences #
###########################
Pfirst-class=0
Pspecial-delivery=100
Plist=-30
Pbulk=-60
Pjunk=-100
#####################
# Trusted users #
#####################
Troot
Tdaemon
Tuucp
#########################
# Format of headers #
#########################
H?P?Return-Path: $g
HReceived: $?sfrom $s $.$?_($?s$|from $.$_) $.by $j ($v/$Z)$?r with $r$.
id $i$?u for $u$.; $b
H?D?Resent-Date: $a
H?D?Date: $a
H?F?Resent-From: $q
H?F?From: $q
H?x?Full-Name: $x
HSubject:
# HPosted-Date: $a
# H?l?Received-Date: $b
H?M?Resent-Message-Id: <$t.$i@$j>
H?M?Message-Id: <$t.$i@$j>
#
######################################################################
######################################################################
#####
##### REWRITING RULES
#####
######################################################################
######################################################################
###########################################
### Rulset 3 -- Name Canonicalization ###
###########################################
S3
# handle null input (translate to <@> special case)
R$@ $@ <@>
# basic textual canonicalization -- note RFC733 heuristic here
R$*<$*>$*<$*>$* $2$3<$4>$5 strip multiple
<> <>
R$*<$*<$+>$*>$* <$3>$5 2-level <>
nesting
R$*<>$* $@ <@> MAIL FROM:<>
case
R$*<$+>$* $2 basic RFC821/822
parsing
# handle list:; syntax as special case
R$*:;$* $@ $1 :; <@>
# make sure <@a,@b,@c:user@d> syntax is easy to parse -- undone later
R@ $+ , $+ @ $1 : $2 change all ","
to ":"
# localize and dispose of route-based addresses
R@ $+ : $+ $@ $>96 < @$1 > : $2 handle <route-
addr>
# find focus for list syntax
R $+ : $* ; @ $+ $@ $>96 $1 : $2 ; < @ $3 > list syntax
R $+ : $* ; $@ $1 : $2; list syntax
# find focus for @ syntax addresses
R$+ @ $+ $: $1 < @ $2 > focus on domain
R$+ < $+ @ $+ > $1 $2 < @ $3 > move gaze right
R$+ < @ $+ > $@ $>96 $1 < @ $2 > already
canonical
# do some sanity checking
R$* < @ $* : $* > $* $1 < @ $2 $3 > $4 nix colons in
addrs
# if we have % signs, take the rightmost one
R$* % $* $1 @ $2 First make them
all @s.
R$* @ $* @ $* $1 % $2 @ $3 Undo all but the
last.
R$* @ $* $@ $>96 $1 < @ $2 > Insert < > and
finish
# else we must be a local name
################################################
### Ruleset 96 -- bottom half of ruleset 3 ###
################################################
# At this point, everything should be in a "local_part<@domain>extra"
format.
S96
# handle special cases for local names
R$* < @ localhost > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2 no
domain at all
R$* < @ localhost . $m > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2 local
domain
R$* < @ [ $+ ] > $* $: $1 < @@ [ $2 ] > $3 mark
[a.b.c.d]
R$* < @@ $=w > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $3 self-
literal
R$* < @@ $+ > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 > $3 canon IP
addr
# local host aliases and pseudo-domains are always canonical
R$* < @ $=w > $* $: $1 < @ $2 . > $3
R$* < @ $* $=P > $* $: $1 < @ $2 $3 . > $4
R$* < @ $* . . > $* $1 < @ $2 . > $3
# if this is the local hostname, make sure we treat is as canonical
R$* < @ $j > $* $: $1 < @ $j . > $2
##################################################
### Ruleset 4 -- Final Output Post-rewriting ###
##################################################
S4
R$*<@> $@ $1 handle <> and
list:;
# strip trailing dot off possibly canonical name
R$* < @ $+ . > $* $1 < @ $2 > $3
# externalize local domain info
R$* < $+ > $* $1 $2 $3 defocus
R@ $+ : @ $+ : $+ @ $1 , @ $2 : $3 <route-addr>
canonical
R@ $* $@ @ $1 ... and exit
# delete duplicate local names
R$+ % $=w @ $=w $1 @ $j u%host@host =>
u@host
##############################################################
### Ruleset 97 -- recanonicalize and call ruleset zero ###
### (used for recursive calls) ###
##############################################################
S97
R$* $: $>3 $1
R$* $@ $>0 $1
######################################
### Ruleset 0 -- Parse Address ###
######################################
S0
R<@> $#local $: <> special case
error msgs
R$* : $* ; $#error $@ USAGE $: "list:; syntax illegal for
recipient addresses"
R<@ $+> $#error $@ USAGE $: "user address required"
R<$* : $* > $#error $@ USAGE $: "colon illegal in host name
part"
# handle numeric address spec
R$* < @ [ $+ ] > $* $: $>98 $1 < @ [ $2 ] > $3 numeric internet
spec
R$* < @ [ $+ ] > $* $#smtp $@ [$2] $: $1 < @ [$2] > $3 still
numeric: send
# now delete the local info -- note $=O to find characters that cause
forwarding
R$* < @ > $* $@ $>97 $1 user@ => user
R< @ $=w . > : $* $@ $>97 $2 @here:... -> ...
R$* $=O $* < @ $=w . > $@ $>97 $1 $2 $3 ...@here -> ...
# handle local hacks
R$* $: $>98 $1
# short circuit local delivery so forwarded email works
R$+ < @ $=w . > $: $1 < @ $2 . @ $H > first try hub
R$+ < $+ @ $+ > $#local $: $1 yep ....
R$+ < $+ @ > $#local $: @ $1 nope, local
address
# resolve fake top level domains by forwarding to other hosts
# pass names that still have a host to a smarthost (if defined)
R$* < @ $* > $* $: $>95 < $S > $1 < @ $2 > $3 glue on
smarthost name
# deal with other remote names
R$* < @$* > $* $#smtp $@ $2 $: $1 < @ $2 > $3
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
# if this is quoted, strip the quotes and try again
R$+ $: $(dequote $1 $) strip quotes
R$+ $=O $+ $@ $>97 $1 $2 $3 try
again
# handle locally delivered names
R$=L $#local $: @ $1 special local
names
R$+ $#local $: $1 regular local
names
########################################################################
###
### Ruleset 5 -- special rewriting after aliases have been expanded
###
### (new sendmail only) ###
########################################################################
###
S5
# see if we have a relay or a hub
R$+ $: < $R > $1 try relay
R< > $+ $: < $H > $1 try hub
R< > $+ $@ $1 nope, give up
R< $- : $+ > $+ $: $>95 < $1 : $2 > $3 < @ $2 >
R< $+ > $+ $@ $>95 < $1 > $2 < @ $1 >
###################################################################
### Ruleset 95 -- canonify mailer:host syntax to triple ###
###################################################################
S95
R< > $* $@ $1 strip off null
relay
R< $- : $+ > $* $# $1 $@ $2 $: $3 try qualified
mailer
R< $=w > $* $@ $2 delete local
host
R< $+ > $* $#relay $@ $1 $: $2 use unqualified
mailer
###################################################################
### Ruleset 98 -- local part of ruleset zero (can be null) ###
###################################################################
S98
#
######################################################################
######################################################################
#####
##### MAILER DEFINITIONS
#####
######################################################################
######################################################################
##################################################
### Local and Program Mailer specification ###
##################################################
##### @(#)local.m4 8.6 (Berkeley) 10/24/93 #####
Mlocal, P=/usr/bin/deliver, F=lsDFMShP, S=10, R=20/40,
A=deliver $u
Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsDFMeu, S=10, R=20/40, D=$z:/,
A=sh -c $u
S10
R<@> $n errors to mailer-daemon
R$+ $: $>40 $1
S20
R$+ < @ $* > $: $1 strip host part
S40
R$* < @ $* > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 > $3 already fully qualified
R$* $: $1 @ $M add local qualification
R$* @ $: $1 @ $j if $M not defined
#####################################
### SMTP Mailer specification ###
#####################################
##### @(#)smtp.m4 8.15 (Berkeley) 2/14/94 #####
Msmtp, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuX, S=11/31, R=21, E=\r\n,
L=990, A=IPC $h
Mesmtp, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuXa, S=11/31, R=21, E=\r\n,
L=990, A=IPC $h
Mrelay, P=[IPC], F=mDFMuXa, S=11/31, R=61, E=\r\n,
L=2040, A=IPC $h
#
# envelope sender and masquerading recipient rewriting
#
S11
R$+ $: $>51 $1 sender/recipient
common
R$* :; <@> $@ $1 :; list:; special
case
R$* $@ $>61 $1 qualify
unqual'ed names
#
# header recipient rewriting if not masquerading recipients
#
S21
# do sender/recipient common rewriting
R$+ $: $>51 $1
# unqualified names (e.g., "eric") are qualified by local host
R$* < @ $* > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 > $3 already
qualified
R$+ $: $1 < @ $j > add local domain
#
# header sender and masquerading recipient rewriting
#
S31
R$+ $: $>51 $1 sender/recipient
common
R$* :; <@> $@ $1 :; list:; special
case
# do special header rewriting
R$* <@> $* $@ $1 <@> $2 pass null host
through
R< @ $* > $* $@ < @ $1 > $2 pass route-addr
through
R$=E < @ $=w . > $@ $1 < @ $2 > exposed user as
is
R$* < @ $=w . > $: $1 < @ $2 @ $M > masquerade as
domain
R$* < @ $+ @ > $@ $1 < @ $2 > in case $M
undefined
R$* < @ $+ @ $+ > $@ $1 < @ $3 > $M is defined --
use it
R$* $@ $>61 $1 qualify
unqual'ed names
#
# convert pseudo-domain addresses to real domain addresses
#
S51
# pass <route-addr>s through
R< @ $+ > $* $@ < @ $1 > $2 resolve <route-
addr>
# output fake domains as user%fake@relay
#
# common sender and masquerading recipient rewriting
#
S61
R$* < @ $* > $* $@ $1 < @ $2 > $3 already
qualified
R$=E $@ $1 < @ $j> show exposed
names
R$+ $: $1 < @ $M > user w/o host
R$+ <@> $: $1 < @ $j > in case $M
undefined
--
Benjamin Johnson
------------------------------
From: Juergen Kruegel <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: 3COM 3c905b and 100MBit
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 19:34:27 +0100
Jan Kuemmerle wrote:
>
> Hi all,
> I have some problems with my networkcard.
> The card does not recognise that it is connectet to an 100MBit LAN.
> Thanks
> Jan
Hi,
i have connected several hosts to 100Mb lans using 905's,
Intel`s PRO 100`s & Digital 21143 based nics without any problem.
If you want help, collect as most configuration info`s you can get and
post `em.
miez
------------------------------
From: Rick Onanian <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: domain with remote hosts?
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 09:51:55 -0500
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
> I have a friend with a cool domain and a good job. She can afford a leased
> line and a domain and I can't. I dialup to my ISP and what we want to do
> seems simple, but I'm not exactly sure how to do it. I want my RH5 system to
> be a host on her domain (she has FreeBSD).
>
> ie. she is (lets say) thinker.blah.net
> I want to be einstein.blah.net
>
> I have a static IP address from my ISP, but it is not on the same Class-C as
> her's. We can probably talk to the ISP and get our IP's on the same Class-C
> if that would do it.
>
> Could anyone please give me some insight into what has to be done.
> Thanks
> Gut.
I don't know why other replies have made things complicated. I have
a similar situation - a friend running FreeBSD has a cable modem and
pays for a domain name. He has mcrnet.net. I also have a cable modem,
and I've got dingo.mcrnet.net. I could give you gutrot.dingo.mcrnet.net.
I couldn't give you gutrot.mcrnet.net. He could.
If your friend has foobar.blah.net, you can't get einstein.blah.net,
but you can get einstein.foobar.blah.net.
All she has to do is add your IP and desired hostname to HER dns.
Since you have a dialup connection, you probably have a dynamic IP
(a differant IP address each time you dial up). I'm sure there's
software out there to deal with this sort of thing, but the best thing
to do is either..
A. Each time you dialup, edit her DNS file. She will have to give you
an account and permission to do this.
B. Kill your ISP. Put a modem in her machine, pay for a phone line for
her machine dedicated to you, and have her be your ISP. She can give you
a static IP, so the DNS only needs to be set once.
> -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==----------
> http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own
--
rick - a guy in search of raw (ISO) cd images of SuSE and Slackware
===============
My opinions don't exist, and as such, are not anyone elses. I do not
represent
anyone, not even myself, and especially not my employer. Cows go moo.
---
Looking for a 1968 Camaro SS convertible, black interior, beat-up
rustbucket
that is in need of a lot of restoration and TLC. Must be cheap...I'm
broke.
---
Reply to me at either thc <at sign here> psynet <dot> net or
rick <at sign> mail <dot> artmold <dot> com
------------------------------
From: Rick Onanian <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: setting up a remote virtual console
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 09:58:27 -0500
Although not the right way to do it, you could set up an account on the
first machine that, thru a shell script at startup, automatically logs
in to the remote machine. This would look pretty close to the same to
the user - you press alt+f5, and see a login. You login. It
automatically does a rlogin and it types in the username and password,
as long as you use the account you made for that.
Benjamin Dixon wrote:
>
> Is it possible to setup a virtual console on one machine that is really a
> telnet session to another machine such that if I press say F5 I can get a
> login prompt for my remote pc? I appreciate pointers to HOWTOs or other
> information.
>
> Ben
--
rick - a guy in search of raw (ISO) cd images of SuSE and Slackware
===============
My opinions don't exist, and as such, are not anyone elses. I do not
represent
anyone, not even myself, and especially not my employer. Cows go moo.
---
Looking for a 1968 Camaro SS convertible, black interior, beat-up
rustbucket
that is in need of a lot of restoration and TLC. Must be cheap...I'm
broke.
---
Reply to me at either thc <at sign here> psynet <dot> net or
rick <at sign> mail <dot> artmold <dot> com
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (David Burlage)
Subject: Router on peer-to-peer lan?
Date: 1 Mar 1999 15:35:01 GMT
We have an existing peer-to-peer lan, daisy-chained with coax/bnc
cables. I want to connect an ISDN router to the LAN, but it only
has rj45 jacks. Can I use a rj45 to bnc adapter and add the
router as if it was another workstation? Is there another/better
way?
My ethernet card has both a BNC and a RJ45 jack... I don't
suppose I can use both at once?
Thanks for any clues.
DB
------------------------------
From: Andreas Peetz <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: proxy cache server
Date: 1 Mar 1999 15:37:02 GMT
Hi David,
1. Squid will handle http and ftp, but not RealAudio.
For RealAudio you will need to use IP Masquerading.
2. You will do this in squid.conf. The template is
well documented and should already contain suitable
examples for what you want to do.
3. If you haven't read the Squid-docs: YES ;-)
- Andreas
David R. Christianson wrote:
> [...]
>
> 1. If the first paragraph is correct, is there any need to use
> IP masquerading in addition to the proxy (or, what kernel
> options do I need to set)?
>
> 2. Since I use cable internet service, and I set up the internal
> clients' browsers to connect via my squid proxy, how do I
> set up the squid proxy to connect via the ISP's proxy (this
> is the only parent proxy to which it will connect)?
>
> 3. Am I just making life difficult for myself?
>
> Thanks for being patient during this ongoing learning process.
>
> --Dave C. :-)
--
=================================================
In a world without fences and walls
who needs gates and windows?
========================== [EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: "Vish Viswanathan" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: How to send Multicast packets
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1999 10:29:43 -0800
I have a problem sending multicast packets in my linux system. I have a UDP
program which needs to send multicast packets addressed to 224.1.5.1 (which
is a clss D address). If I call 'sendto' with this address, i get a "network
unreachable" error. However, if I add this address to the router table with
the command
route add -host 224.1.5.1 eth0
then it works ok.
My 'ifconfig' command shows 'multicast' enabled.
Shouldn't the system automatically figure out that this is a multicast
address and do the right thing. Why should I add each multicast address that
I am interested in to the router table.
Thanks
Vish
email : [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Could somebody tell me what I am missing here?.
Thanks
Vish
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Road Runner Question
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 10:32:48 -0500
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
hey all....i have a linux machine running samba for all 3 of my users to
connect to, but that's only of we assign ourselves static IP's. We are
using Time Warner's Road Runner for Internet access which uses DHCP to
assign IP's to our machines. But, we are only allowed 3IP's, so the
Linux machine doesn't log into road runner. I was wondering why my
win-blows machines can't see the Linux box, even via IPX? I can't log
into road runner, plus i really don't want to make the Linux machine a
Proxy because it is too slow (I think). Is there any way for us to see
the Linux machine without using samba, or logging into road runner?
Thanks for your help.
BK
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Scott W. Petesen)
Subject: Diald not dialing after modem is shut off.
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 16:08:53 GMT
A customer of mine shuts off the modem at night. After they turn it
back on to dial the isp nothing happens, no lights no dialing,
nothing. I had to kill diald and restart it again.
Does diald ignore requests for dialing if it can not find the modem
for a long period of time?
Scott
====================================
Scott W. Petersen - N9SLA
Web Page: www.wwa.com/~scooter
Elgin, IL - USA
ICQ 8287204
Packet E-mail:
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
====================================
PLEASE note e-mail address is scooter @ wwa.com
------------------------------
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End of Linux-Networking Digest
******************************
