In English lute music the 2 common places where I think many players
would have added their own contributions are ornaments - there are lots
of examples of the same music with, and without ornaments. There are
also many, many pieces that have the usual 3 sections and no divisions
for the repeat.
Lately I have been really enjoying the Dowland settings from the Cosens
Ms. - all readily available on Sarge Gerbode's web site (both facsimile
& in Fronimo).
[1]www.gerbode.net
They are so different from the Folger Dowland versions that we hear all
the time. I especially like Cosen's Frog Galliard.
Nancy
Of course the original sources are fine, I sort of have a
question
about whether they are like those half-baked loaves of bread in
the
store that you heat up at home--whether some of the details were
left
out so you could provide them at the time of playing, or whether
there
were, as I suspect, conventions or rules for filling in the
details
that people knew and did not have to write down. Otherwise it is
sort
of a "raw toast" scenario.
When Lumsden made his editions, he basically "corrected" some of
the
pieces, sometimes in a very clever way, but sometimes so that
they lost
their character. And for me that is what I would like to avoid,
so I go
for versions that have their own character.
dt
--- On Tue, 11/13/12, Dan Winheld <[email protected]> wrote:
From: Dan Winheld <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: [LUTE] Reconstructing Dowland; deconstructing
Dowland
To: "David Tayler" <[email protected]>
Cc: "lute" <[email protected]>
Date: Tuesday, November 13, 2012, 2:22 PM
Thank you Professor Tayler!
Excellent points, exquisite playing, and -from what I can hear on
my
wretched computer- a correct & satisfying tenor line. That would
have
been a bit slow tempo for me some years ago, but as I age it's
becoming
pleasant to take more time with things. And enjoy the work of
others
who do.
In my own career as a lazy consumer of lute food, I just plays
'em as I
finds 'em. If one version doesn't smell right for one reason or
another, I search until I find one that does. And a few times, I
have
also bit the bullet and corrected inner voices- to the best of my
relatively limited, less-educated ability. Many, many of the
solos
exist as lute songs- and of course the "Lachrimae, or Seaven
Teares..."
consort edition- and these sources can provide some guidance for
improving the helter-skelter lute solos. And mentally slapping my
own
wrist as I try to monitor my impulse to dribble out some crass
ornamentation at times. (Tourette's Syndrome on the lute can get
ugly
if not kept in check.)
One of these days you should do another local luter's workshop-
this
time on the Dowland solos, (and maybe a couple of Danyel,
Rossiter, &
Holborne tunes as well). I'll supply the single malt, maybe even
the
premises, if that helps...
Dan
On 11/13/2012 12:33 PM, David Tayler wrote:
> Most of Dowland's lute solos come down to use a
sketch--two
outside
> lines, a few chords, and some "noodly
appendages"--ornaments
added by
> lutebook owners or their copyists.
> Many conclusions can be drawn, but the basic question
remains,
what to
> do with all of these sources? Obviously, performing them
"as is"
is one
> solution, and perfectly fine--a snapshot in time of what a
lute
player
> of the time would have played. Absoutely OK, and there it
is, in
the
> ms. But suppose there is more?
> The other path is to add inner voices and strip out the
noodly
> appendages. I've given this quite a bit of thought over the
last
> twenty-five years, and I have a few simple guidelines.
> 1. Eliminate parallel fifths and octaves. Dowland never
wrote bad
> counterpoint, so these have to go. Famous example is the
version
of
> Lachrimae with the parallel fifth in the opening phrase,
even
though
> Dowland's published version is different.
> 2. Strip out "orbiting" noodly appendages. One sure sign of
cookbook,
> color-by-number ornaments are those that present a set of
added
melodic
> sequences that start and end on the same note. Accomplished
composers
> rarely use these, they are intended mainly for students. By
returning
> to the same note, you mostly avoid the problem of parallel
octaves and
> fifths, thus, an amateur who could not read music and did
not
study
> counterpoint could provide "correct" counterpoint in simple
ornaments.
> Ornamentation treatises mention this trick as a way to dive
in to
> ornamentation: nothing wrong with it, but it is for
beginners--not
> Dowland.
> 3. Make sure cadences have leading tones somewhere in the
bar,
and end
> chords with thirds in the harmony. Although you see open
fifths
in mid
> century lute works, by 1590 you mainly see full harmony. A
skilled
> player would not play G Major with a third and C "Major"
without
the
> third just to avoid fifth position, and you see this in the
ms
sources.
> Whether these open chords were simply sketches, or
intentionally
left
> to the play to fill in, foreshadowing later works such as
Visee,
these
> need leading tones.
> 4. Inner parts. Dowland's works at an absolute minimum
always
support a
> tenor or alto part, or both. If they are missing, they need
to be
> supplied. There are a myriad of examples in the lute solos
and
lute
> songs, and they follow simple rules of counterpoint. If you
study
the
> chromatic fantasies, you can see complex inversions and
imitation, but
> ta simple, well-written line will do. After analyzing all
of the
works,
> I can see that they were composed with inner parts in
mind--that
is,
> there are no works that paint contrapuntal corners where
inner
parts
> are not possible, which you see in other composers.
> Following these rules, I have created a very simple
example. In
one
> place I changed the harmony to make sure the form was
"rounded,"
that
> is, a sort of mini refrain but the rest is pretty
straightforward.
> [1]http://youtu.be/Pr7jtlXk-OU?hd=1
> I'm interested in new ideas going forward, before I tackle
some
of the
> more complex works. Please feel free to make suggestions.
> dt
>
> --
>
>
> To get on or off this list see list information at
> [2]http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~wbc/lute-admin/index.html
>
--
References
1. [2]http://youtu.be/Pr7jtlXk-OU?hd=1
2. [3]http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~wbc/lute-admin/index.html
Nancy Carlin Associates
P.O. Box 6499
Concord, CA 94524 USA
phone 925/686-5800
web sites - [4]www.nancycarlinassociates.com
[5]www.groundsanddivisions.info
Representing:
FROM WALES - Crasdant & Carreg Lafar, FROM ENGLAND - Jez Lowe & Jez
Lowe & The Bad Pennies, and now representing EARLY MUSIC - The Venere
Lute Quartet, The Good Pennyworths & Morrongiello & Young
Administrator THE LUTE SOCIETY OF AMERICA
web site - [6]http://LuteSocietyofAmerica.org
--
References
1. http://www.gerbode.net/
2. http://youtu.be/Pr7jtlXk-OU?hd=1
3. http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~wbc/lute-admin/index.html
4. http://www.nancycarlinassociates.com/
5. http://www.groundsanddivisions.info/
6. http://lutesocietyofamerica.org/
