John

Good post, and here is a great link, that might also answer an earlier
question you had on the other thread

[John]
>Nah, that's not likely to happen.  But what do you think happened,
Khaled?
>I mean, Islamic leadership in the golden age was guided by high quality
>intellect, now it mostly seems to be centered upon demagoguery.

[and now you pose the following question]

[John]
>When you think about your religion, as opposed to blindly following
along
>with it, you're doing an individual process AND an individuating process
and
>this process is termed  "intellectual".
 
>Thus, intellect is individual and religion is social.
 
>This might seem to you, like it does to me, a "duh" sort of realization,
but
>for some reason it never occurred to me to formulate the conflict
between the
>two exactly like that before.  I must be all this philosophical debate
is
>doing some good after all.  I made a realization!
 
>Religion is static. Intellect is dynamic.  A religion that doesn't allow
>intellectual questioning is doomed to become outmoded in time.
 
[khaled]
So tell me if this answers either question

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim_philosophy

about 50 lines down the article was this:
*****************************************************

At the second century of the Hijra, a new movement arose in the
theological school of Basra, Iraq. A pupil, Wasil ibn Ata, who was
expelled from the school because his answers were contrary to then
orthodox Islamic tradition and became leader of a new school, and
systematized the radical opinions of preceding sects, particularly those
of the Qadarites. This new school was called Mutazilite (from i'tazala,
to separate oneself, to dissent). Its principal dogmas were three:
God is an absolute unity, and no attribute can be ascribed to Him.
Man is a free agent. It is on account of these two principles that the
Mu'tazilites designate themselves the "Partisans of Justice and Unity".
All knowledge necessary for the salvation of man emanates from his
reason; humans could acquire knowledge before, as well as after,
Revelation, by the sole light of reason. This fact makes knowledge
obligatory upon all men, at all times, and in all places.
******************************************************

Khaled
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