Assalamualaikum w.w. para sanak sapalanta,
Di bawah ini saya kutipkan hasil riset Oxfam -- yang di-upload oleh bung Andi
Ko -- tentang tingkat kesiagaan dua daerah dalam mitigasi bencana, yaitu Jawa
Barat dan Sumatera Barat. Intinya sama, bahwa kedua daerah ini sesungguhnya
tidak siap, dan bahwa pelibatan masyarakat belum intensif.
Sudah barang tentu hasil riset tersebut bukan sekedar untuk dibaca, tetapi
untuk ditindaklanjuti. Dalam SKM GM yang lalu masalah kebencanaan ini juga
termasuk mata acara,yang setelah dibahas, ya kesimpulannya sama.
Saya telah mendorong bung Andi Ko untuk menindaklajutinya, antara lain dengan
membahasnya secara lebih mendalam. Bung Andi Ko menyarankan agar pembahasan
diadakan di Padang. Saya setuju.
Sebelum di Padang, saya berpendapat agar diadakan dahulu di Jakarta, khususnya
oleh karena yang dibutuhkan adalah investasi untuk infrastruktur mitigasi, yang
tentu saja perlu dikaitkan dengan APBN.
Saya menginginkan agar kita mengundang 19 orang anggota DPR RI dan empat
anggota DPD yang berasal dari Sumatera Barat untuk dimintakan komitmennya.
[Beliau-beliau kan pemegang amanah masyarakat Sumatera Barat].
Siapa yang akan mengundang ? Kalau tidak ada yang siap, saya akan mengunsulkan
agar Gebu Minang mengambil prakarsa.
Bagaimana pendapat para sanak sapalanta ?
Wassalam,
Saafroedin Bahar Soetan Madjolelo
(Laki-laki, Tanjung, masuk 74 th, Jakarta)
Taqdir di tangan Allah, nasib di tangan kita.
The study’s findings and conclusions are as follows:
The priority of DRR investments in West Java and West Sumatra is mostly in
public awareness, disaster education and training. The main actors who invest
in DRR are government and NGOs (INGO and local NGO).
Gender mainstreaming is still found to be rare in both provinces although NGOs
are found to be more sensitive to gender. Therefore cooperation between
government and NGOs may make more gender sensitive programs.
The Ministry of Women Empowerment (MOWE) does not have capacity to mainstream
gender in government programs. This is because the MOWE authority is limited.
Similarly, the agency of women empowerment’s power is also limited to districts
and large cities. As a result risk reduction measures are less effective for
women as risk assessments are not gender sensitive.
The number of victims in West Sumatera was still substantial, largely due to
the collapsing of buildings This shows that structural mitigation is still not
of high importance to the government
Most investment tends to focus on specific types of hazards, with earthquakes
and tsunamis having the highest investment. This shows an imbalance in
investment between earthquakes and tsunamis and other types of hazards.
Disaster education while conducted at some formal education institutions
(public schools) is still limited. Disaster education, however, is not being
taught at informal education institutions, such as courses.
EWS tend to emphasize the technological components of the warning systems and
are not people centred. Applied research on DRR is still limited. Most of the
research is found on physical modelling of hazards with only limited on
socio-economic issues.
The involvement of the private sector is very limited.
NGOs traditionally work in rural areas but not in urban areas.
Government policies on disaster management are not based on strong risk
assessment.
Participatory projects have been seen to be effective as a result of the
increased awareness of the communities. However, the participation of the
communities is still limited. Therefore, more investment must be done to ensure
community active role in disaster risk reduction activities.
Several recommendations were suggested:
The scale of investment must consider the size of population and area
vulnerable to disaster. The current scale of investment is not yet meeting the
needs and must be expanded.
Investment should also cover sectors that traditionally not addressed by NGOs,
such as structural mitigation that requires skills and bigger resources and
stronger regulation. This can be addressed by improving the enabling
environment, including laws and building codes and involving more actors that
have the competence , e.g. private sectors.
Ministry of Women Empowerment and Children Protection should be supported to
enable them to advocate for the mainstreaming of gender into DRR and emergency
response. At the same time, NGOs, especially gender focused NGOs, should also
work more closely and advocate the newly established BPBDs to mainstream gender
into their organizations and programmes.
Good lessons from participatory DRR projects should be scaled up to other
vulnerable communities.
To speed up the disaster management institutions and legislation to vulnerable
districts, awareness and education should target decision makers (legislative
and executive). The established BPBDs should strengthen their coordination
function and leadership.
Education should not only cover formal education but also informal education.
This is not only on knowledge but also on the structural mitigation and safety.
Disaster education should also include knowledge of secondary hazards (e.g.
landslides and fires can be induced by earthquakes).
Risk analysis should be used as a foundation for any disaster risk reduction
investments. The results from individual project risk analysis (by community
based approach) should be used to fit with the government risk analysis. On the
other level, BPBDs should develop participatory risk analysis mechanisms to
enable more systematic and comprehensive risk reduction systems. To ensure
synchronization of various risk analysis methodology, BPBD should conduct
dialogue (such as DRR Forum) on risk analysis and gender sensitive indicators.
Existing EWS should strengthen their community components and cover the other
prominent hazards (floods and landslides).
More social research into disaster risk reductions. Funding for social research
in disaster risk reduction should be increased
All investments will require additional financial and other resources.
Government and donors should increase their financial support but also it is
important to identify alternative sources of funds, for example: the potential
use of climate change adaptation funds.
--
--
.
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