Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2008-01-02 Thread MrMike6by9
We have been using CAC's (Common Access Cards) for years. They work as
a photo ID as well as for network authentication. Ours contain a mag a
strip as well as a smart chip. BTW, we still have a regular password
that changes every 120 (?) days for the website through which all our
CAC's and the associated accounts are maintained. We sign onto the LAN
using a PIN.

YMMV

 Subject: Re: Are Passwords Obsolete?

 A CAC card (Computer Authorization Card???) is a ROM that plugs into a USB 
 port and is the authentication for Windows/system logon, and everything else. 
  It's been used for a few years now on military networks.  No reason it 
 couldn't be extended to civilian uses.  CAC may not be entirely correct, 
 but I believe it is.  I don't have one.  The user carries it around on his 
 person like an ID card.


-- 
My religion consists of a humble admiration of the illimitable
superior spirit who reveals himself in the slight details we are able
to perceive with our frail and feeble mind.
 - Albert Einstein (1879 - 1955)



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-31 Thread Tom Piwowar
It would also seem possible to write code that requires the system to 
wait, say five seconds, before another attempt at a correct password may 
be made, thus making a dictionary attack impossibly long.

Pre OS X Apple servers would double the delay time each time you entered 
an incorrect password. I thought this was an elegant solution.



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-30 Thread gerald
I have 3 of these 6 digit RSA randomizers that create same code on the little 
thingie I have , and another at eTrade.  two of them are for eTrade accounts.  
(one for me, one for my wife).  what with swapping accounts, I spend more time 
logging in than I do drinking any more.   

could I use a roboform?  does rsa or somebody else make randomizer that I could 
plug into usb port and use?

 .  i looked on both the rsa and the roboform website, and cannot figure out 
what, how, how much.

tg



At 05:09 PM 12/29/2007, you wrote:
At 12:47 PM 12/29/2007, Tony B wrote:
Roboform (http://www.roboform.com) - one for my desktop and one for my
flash drive. Not only allows you to use maximum strength passwords,
but allows you to enter your own master password with your mouse (to
avoid keyloggers that are so common today). 

I suspect it's only a matter of time before they write a 
screenreader/mouselogger that will do the same thing as a keylogger.

Fred Holmes 



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-30 Thread Tony B
I'm totally unfamiliar with these things so I can't answer. I wouldn't
_think_ there's any kind of compatibility.? It just seems to me like
two totally different things. Roboform stores passwords, the generator
keeps making new ones.

Keep us advised.

On Dec 30, 2007 10:47 AM, gerald [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 I have 3 of these 6 digit RSA randomizers that create same code on the little 
 thingie I have , and another at eTrade.  two of them are for eTrade accounts. 
  (one for me, one for my wife).  what with swapping accounts, I spend more 
 time logging in than I do drinking any more.

 could I use a roboform?  does rsa or somebody else make randomizer that I 
 could plug into usb port and use?

  .  i looked on both the rsa and the roboform website, and cannot figure out 
 what, how, how much.



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-30 Thread John DeCarlo
On Dec 30, 2007 10:47 AM, gerald [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 I have 3 of these 6 digit RSA randomizers that create same code on the
 little thingie I have , and another at eTrade.  two of them are for eTrade
 accounts.  (one for me, one for my wife).  what with swapping accounts, I
 spend more time logging in than I do drinking any more.


These are not randomizers.  They wouldn't do any good if they created random
digits.  What they do is create the same set of digits on your device that
they do at the site that verifies the digits you enter.


 could I use a roboform?  does rsa or somebody else make randomizer that I
 could plug into usb port and use?


You want a software solution to replace the hardware solution?  I think that
is unlikely, as it would be less secure to expose how the algorithm is
working for you.


-- 
John DeCarlo, My Views Are My Own



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-30 Thread Tom Piwowar
I have 3 of these 6 digit RSA randomizers that create same code on the 
little thingie I have , and another at eTrade.  two of them are for eTrade 
accounts.  (one for me, one for my wife).  what with swapping accounts, I 
spend more time logging in than I do drinking any more.

If one breaks you get locked out of your accounts? Is there a battery 
that you need to change? Will changing the battery reset the sequence? 
Can a software glitch reset the sequence?

Is it really that hard to figure out the next number in a pseudo-random 
sequence? I think that can be done with WW II era technology.



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-30 Thread Tom Piwowar
I suspect it's only a matter of time before they write a 
screenreader/mouselogger that will do the same thing as a keylogger.

These already exist and they work at a distance. The screen display is 
produced by a string of bytes sent to it serially by the video card. 
Because it repeats at a known frequency it is easy to pick out from all 
the other random electronic noise. It is a simple matter to detect the 
signal and redisplay this string of bytes to see exactly what is on the 
screen.



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-30 Thread Tom Piwowar
These are not randomizers.  They wouldn't do any good if they created random
digits.  What they do is create the same set of digits on your device that
they do at the site that verifies the digits you enter.

These are pseudo-randomizers. They use an algorithm to produce digits 
that appear random. So if you start multople devices with the same seed 
number they will all produce the same sequence of pseudo-random numbers.

So you have your pseudo-random number generator and there is one at the 
other end that is is sync with yours. Then I get mine and tweak it until 
mine is also in sync with yours.



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-30 Thread John DeCarlo
On Dec 30, 2007 11:59 AM, Tom Piwowar [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 These are not randomizers.  They wouldn't do any good if they created
 random
 digits.  What they do is create the same set of digits on your device
 that
 they do at the site that verifies the digits you enter.

 These are pseudo-randomizers. They use an algorithm to produce digits
 that appear random. So if you start multople devices with the same seed
 number they will all produce the same sequence of pseudo-random numbers.

 So you have your pseudo-random number generator and there is one at the
 other end that is is sync with yours. Then I get mine and tweak it until
 mine is also in sync with yours.


I guess that is technically correct.  All encryption algorithms are
technically pseudo-randomizers, because a good encryption algorithm results
in pseudo-random numbers with no relation to the original content.  Doesn't
mean they are easy to crack.  You can Google on how long it would take to
crack it if it were using a 256-bit key to encrypt with.

-- 
John DeCarlo, My Views Are My Own



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-30 Thread John DeCarlo
On Dec 30, 2007 11:42 AM, Tom Piwowar [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 I have 3 of these 6 digit RSA randomizers that create same code on the
 little thingie I have , and another at eTrade.  two of them are for
 eTrade
 accounts.  (one for me, one for my wife).  what with swapping accounts, I
 spend more time logging in than I do drinking any more.

 If one breaks you get locked out of your accounts?


Yes and no.  You have to revert to another authentication method.


 Is there a battery
 that you need to change?


I haven't seen one with a user-accessible battery.


 Will changing the battery reset the sequence?


Perhaps.


 Can a software glitch reset the sequence?


Perhaps.



 Is it really that hard to figure out the next number in a pseudo-random
 sequence? I think that can be done with WW II era technology.


It's a question of how much time you want to spend on it.  Undoubtedly if
you recorded enough sequential numbers and spent enough computing time, you
could break it.  It might take more CPU decades than you want to spend,
though.

I believe they do something simple like encrypt with a large key and use the
least significant 6 or 8 digits.

-- 
John DeCarlo, My Views Are My Own



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-30 Thread John Duncan Yoyo
No you can't change the battery you need to get a new one.  They are
set at the factory and synced to a data base somewhere that checks the
out put against what is expected.  These things are basically clocks
that generate a random looking number for each 30 seconds of time.  If
you were to write down a number I guess it could be used to ascertain
the time the number was generated.  I have heard reports that
Paypal/verisign footballs give a sequential first digit if you keep
pressing them every thirty seconds.   There is hope to make these an
open id device that would work over a bunch of sites.

Paypal defaults to the standard alternate authentication questions if
you don't have your device.

Another method for this sort of login security sends you a text
message with a confirmation code to your cell phone.  The basic
premise of this is the same as a pin on a bank card- something you
know and something you have.



-- 
John Duncan Yoyo
---o)



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-30 Thread gerald
At 01:31 PM 12/30/2007, you wrote:
No you can't change the battery you need to get a new one.  They are
set at the factory and synced to a data base somewhere that checks the
out put against what is expected.  These things are basically clocks
that generate a random looking number for each 30 seconds of time.

I have been told that mine last about 3 years.  then are replaced.




if you were to write down a number I guess it could be used to ascertain
the time the number was generated.  I have heard reports that
Paypal/verisign footballs give a sequential first digit if you keep
pressing them every thirty seconds.   There is hope to make these an
open id device that would work over a bunch of sites.

mine have a serial/id number on the back.  I call in and register that number 
for that login.  I have not yet tried to use the same device for 2 sites.  they 
do seem to change code at pretty much the same time.  i do not see how I could 
force the code change at paypal, with the unit in my hand, since the unit in my 
hand has no broadcast abilities.  it is only a clock of sorts that kicks out 
this unique time code every 30(?) or so sec.  the two units i currently have in 
hand seem to be sort of random between each other.
711895   831408
130634   854 421
378558   833565
585790   997123
964811   800750






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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-30 Thread John Duncan Yoyo
The Serial number identifies the unit and each is set up with a
different pattern of random numbers but they are predictable for each
of the units.  Web sites that use this system check back with Verisign
or whoever to confirm your login number.  They explained this in
detail on the Security Now podcasts that deal with this.  Steve Gibson
is pretty paranoid about this stuff and it satisfies him so I feel
pretty comfortable with this.

On Dec 30, 2007 2:50 PM, gerald [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 At 01:31 PM 12/30/2007, you wrote:
 No you can't change the battery you need to get a new one.  They are
 set at the factory and synced to a data base somewhere that checks the
 out put against what is expected.  These things are basically clocks
 that generate a random looking number for each 30 seconds of time.

 I have been told that mine last about 3 years.  then are replaced.




 if you were to write down a number I guess it could be used to ascertain
 the time the number was generated.  I have heard reports that
 Paypal/verisign footballs give a sequential first digit if you keep
 pressing them every thirty seconds.   There is hope to make these an
 open id device that would work over a bunch of sites.

 mine have a serial/id number on the back.  I call in and register that number 
 for that login.  I have not yet tried to use the same device for 2 sites.  
 they do seem to change code at pretty much the same time.  i do not see how I 
 could force the code change at paypal, with the unit in my hand, since the 
 unit in my hand has no broadcast abilities.  it is only a clock of sorts that 
 kicks out this unique time code every 30(?) or so sec.  the two units i 
 currently have in hand seem to be sort of random between each other.
 711895   831408
 130634   854 421
 378558   833565
 585790   997123
 964811   800750






 
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-- 
John Duncan Yoyo
---o)



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-29 Thread Tony B
Not until you come up with a better solution.

On Dec 29, 2007 9:51 AM, Tom Piwowar [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 So isn't all the fuss to force us to make up long, complicated passwords
 and change them frequently, just a silly waste of time? What they call
 security theater.



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-29 Thread Fred Holmes
Some systems will lock you out after a small number of consecutive failed 
authentication attempts.  Three?  Five?  Ten?

It would also seem possible to write code that requires the system to wait, say 
five seconds, before another attempt at a correct password may be made, thus 
making a dictionary attack impossibly long.

I don't think requiring frequent change of password is worth much.

Sooner or later everyone will have a CAC card, or at least banks will issue 
them for on-line banking.

Fred Holmes

At 09:51 AM 12/29/2007, Tom Piwowar wrote:
Passwords have to be stored on the computer or network so the OS can 
verify what is typed in. The secure way to do this is to never store an 
actual password, but instead a hashed version. So when a password is 
typed it is hashed by the computer and compared to the stored version. 
This way there is never a copy of the password that a hacker may find. 
The hashing programs work only in one direction, so a hashed password 
can't be unhashed.

This can be defeated by a dictionary attack. Every possible combination 
of characters is hashed and the password-hash pair stored. Then the 
hacker only has to retrieve the hashed password and look up the real 
password in the dictionary. This was once hard to do because it took so 
long to create the dictionary. But today such a dictionary only has to be 
created once and lookups can easily be made via the Web, often simply 
Googled.

So isn't all the fuss to force us to make up long, complicated passwords 
and change them frequently, just a silly waste of time? What they call 
security theater.



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-29 Thread Judy Cosler

what is a CAC card??

what is good s/w for changing  storing p/w's?

Fred Holmes wrote:

Some systems will lock you out after a small number of consecutive failed 
authentication attempts.  Three?  Five?  Ten?

It would also seem possible to write code that requires the system to wait, say 
five seconds, before another attempt at a correct password may be made, thus 
making a dictionary attack impossibly long.

I don't think requiring frequent change of password is worth much.

Sooner or later everyone will have a CAC card, or at least banks will issue 
them for on-line banking.

Fred Holmes

At 09:51 AM 12/29/2007, Tom Piwowar wrote:
  
Passwords have to be stored on the computer or network so the OS can 
verify what is typed in. The secure way to do this is to never store an 
actual password, but instead a hashed version. So when a password is 
typed it is hashed by the computer and compared to the stored version. 
This way there is never a copy of the password that a hacker may find. 
The hashing programs work only in one direction, so a hashed password 
can't be unhashed.


This can be defeated by a dictionary attack. Every possible combination 
of characters is hashed and the password-hash pair stored. Then the 
hacker only has to retrieve the hashed password and look up the real 
password in the dictionary. This was once hard to do because it took so 
long to create the dictionary. But today such a dictionary only has to be 
created once and lookups can easily be made via the Web, often simply 
Googled.


So isn't all the fuss to force us to make up long, complicated passwords 
and change them frequently, just a silly waste of time? What they call 
security theater.





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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-29 Thread Tony B
There are at least two good options in Windows. I own two copies of
Roboform (http://www.roboform.com) - one for my desktop and one for my
flash drive. Not only allows you to use maximum strength passwords,
but allows you to enter your own master password with your mouse (to
avoid keyloggers that are so common today). The open source (freeware)
KeePass (http://keepass.info/) is great for storing passwords, and is
getting better all the time at entering them into web forms.

CAC cards (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Access_Card) smack more
of a national ID card than anything else. I doubt they'll catch on
soon, unless maybe Bush declares martial law and outlaws elections
next year.


On Dec 29, 2007 12:15 PM, Judy Cosler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 what is a CAC card??

 what is good s/w for changing  storing p/w's?



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-29 Thread mike
what about fingerprint scanner at the station?

Mike

On Dec 29, 2007 10:47 AM, Tony B [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 There are at least two good options in Windows. I own two copies of
 Roboform (http://www.roboform.com) - one for my desktop and one for my
 flash drive. Not only allows you to use maximum strength passwords,
 but allows you to enter your own master password with your mouse (to
 avoid keyloggers that are so common today). The open source (freeware)
 KeePass (http://keepass.info/) is great for storing passwords, and is
 getting better all the time at entering them into web forms.

 CAC cards (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Access_Card) smack more
 of a national ID card than anything else. I doubt they'll catch on
 soon, unless maybe Bush declares martial law and outlaws elections
 next year.


 On Dec 29, 2007 12:15 PM, Judy Cosler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
  what is a CAC card??
 
  what is good s/w for changing  storing p/w's?


 
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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-29 Thread Wayne Dernoncourt
Tony B
  snip
 CAC cards (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Access_Card)
 smack more of a national ID card than anything else. I doubt
 they'll catch on soon, unless maybe Bush declares martial
 law and outlaws election next year.

 On Dec 29, 2007 12:15 PM, Judy Cosler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 what is a CAC card??

correct meaning of the acronym, it's used to verify you are you when
you go to work.  I work as a contractor for the feds and have one.
When you remove it from the keyboard, the computer starts a screensaver
(you don't get to pick which one) that is password protected via the
CAC card.

-- 
Take care  | This clown speaks for himself, his job doesn't
Wayne D.   | supply this, at least not directly
I've never seen so damn many Indians.  --G.A. Custer



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-29 Thread John Duncan Yoyo
I think the paypal football
https://www.paypal.com/us/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=xpt/cps/securitycenter/general/PPSecurityKey-outside
is more likely to catch on as a personal security feature.  You log in
with your account id, password and the random appearing number.
Paypal is a cheap source for these at $5.00 but these are from
verisign and function for any business signed up for the Verisign
service.  There is a good discussion of these on the Security Now
podcast episode 103-http://www.grc.com/SecurityNow.htm.

The Security Now podcasts for the perfect password system offer a
system for a rolling password system that prints out onto a business
card sized list of a bunch of passwords that you use sequentially.
This would be good to prevent having a password being swiped because
they are all use once and appear to be random.


On Dec 29, 2007 12:47 PM, Tony B [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 There are at least two good options in Windows. I own two copies of
 Roboform (http://www.roboform.com) - one for my desktop and one for my
 flash drive. Not only allows you to use maximum strength passwords,
 but allows you to enter your own master password with your mouse (to
 avoid keyloggers that are so common today). The open source (freeware)
 KeePass (http://keepass.info/) is great for storing passwords, and is
 getting better all the time at entering them into web forms.

 CAC cards (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Access_Card) smack more
 of a national ID card than anything else. I doubt they'll catch on
 soon, unless maybe Bush declares martial law and outlaws elections
 next year.


 On Dec 29, 2007 12:15 PM, Judy Cosler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
  what is a CAC card??
 
  what is good s/w for changing  storing p/w's?



 
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-- 
John Duncan Yoyo
---o)



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-29 Thread Fred Holmes
A CAC card (Computer Authorization Card???) is a ROM that plugs into a USB port 
and is the authentication for Windows/system logon, and everything else.  It's 
been used for a few years now on military networks.  No reason it couldn't be 
extended to civilian uses.  CAC may not be entirely correct, but I believe it 
is.  I don't have one.  The user carries it around on his person like an ID 
card.

Password safe http://passwordsafe.sourceforge.net/  is freeware.  There are 
lots of similar products out there.  One password opens the safe and all 
usernames and passwords are used by copy/paste.  I haven't done extensive 
research on them.  Some come with security suites.  Others are stand-alone 
products.

Fred Holmes

At 12:15 PM 12/29/2007, Judy Cosler wrote:
what is a CAC card??

what is good s/w for changing  storing p/w's?

Fred Holmes wrote:
Some systems will lock you out after a small number of consecutive failed 
authentication attempts.  Three?  Five?  Ten?

It would also seem possible to write code that requires the system to wait, 
say five seconds, before another attempt at a correct password may be made, 
thus making a dictionary attack impossibly long.

I don't think requiring frequent change of password is worth much.

Sooner or later everyone will have a CAC card, or at least banks will issue 
them for on-line banking.

Fred Holmes

At 09:51 AM 12/29/2007, Tom Piwowar wrote:
  
Passwords have to be stored on the computer or network so the OS can verify 
what is typed in. The secure way to do this is to never store an actual 
password, but instead a hashed version. So when a password is typed it is 
hashed by the computer and compared to the stored version. This way there is 
never a copy of the password that a hacker may find. The hashing programs 
work only in one direction, so a hashed password can't be unhashed.

This can be defeated by a dictionary attack. Every possible combination of 
characters is hashed and the password-hash pair stored. Then the hacker only 
has to retrieve the hashed password and look up the real password in the 
dictionary. This was once hard to do because it took so long to create the 
dictionary. But today such a dictionary only has to be created once and 
lookups can easily be made via the Web, often simply Googled.

So isn't all the fuss to force us to make up long, complicated passwords and 
change them frequently, just a silly waste of time? What they call security 
theater.




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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-29 Thread Fred Holmes
OK, but what's their reliability?  I haven't read anything on their performance 
in actual practice.  There's your national ID once they become very reliable.
Fred Holmes

At 02:20 PM 12/29/2007, mike wrote:
what about fingerprint scanner at the station?

Mike



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Re: [CGUYS] Are Passwords Obsolete?

2007-12-29 Thread Fred Holmes
Your SSAN is already a national ID for anyone with even a modicum of financial 
assets.  If banks start offering them, I'll take one.  A lot quicker and easier 
than dealing with passwords.

Fred Holmes

At 12:47 PM 12/29/2007, Tony B wrote:
CAC cards (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Access_Card) smack more
of a national ID card than anything else. I doubt they'll catch on
soon, unless maybe Bush declares martial law and outlaws elections
next year.



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