Re: Generic Linux / clib question

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > The readline library is released under the full GPL, not the LGPL.  If
> > you dynamically link it with a program, then you can only release that
> > program under terms compatible with the GPL.  This is an intentional
> > choice.

to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> Practically it doesn't change much, but for some lawyer at Intel it might.

A substantial problem can be that libreadline became "GPLv3 or later" a
few years ago and that GPLv3 is not compatible with GPLv2-only (i.e. not
"or later"). The main reason is in the patent-fighting restrictions in
GPLv3, which would be forbidden extra restrictions under GPLv2.

So at best this causes "GPLv2 or later" programs to become "GPLv3 or later",
like the Debian binary of xorriso. At worst you would have a license clash
and would have to resort to e.g. libedit. (Not what the FSF would like.)


> The gist is that, if the user is the one doing the last linking step,
> all is fine. She's allowed anything.

She's allowed to use it but not to give it to others without obeying the
demands and restrictions of GPL.

Personally i would be ok with a more liberal use of my GPL'ed software.
But the official stance of the FSF is that the license applies on first
contact. In case of libreadline this would the line
  #include 
and as next occasion the preparations of the compiler and linker to employ
libreadline.so at run time.


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: Can I install Bookworm on a HP mo1-F3xxx with a 256GB SSD?

[tomas]

On Sat, Feb 10, 2024 at 01:09:40AM +, Maureen Thomas wrote:
> 
> -new HP AMD ryzen with realtec audio. The HP is mo1-F3xxx  It has
> winblows 11 on it and I want it gone. It does have a 256GB SSD.
> Is there any thing i need to know before i try to install Bookworm.
>
> Can i just install like i would with a regular hard drive. I also
> have a 2TB HD that i can hook up to it. Your help is always
> appreciated.
>
> Moe ( mom).

Hi, Moe

I allowed myself to reformat your question a bit, perhaps that
makes it easier for others to help answering your question.

I have no experience with the hardware you mention, but the SSD
should be no problem. The UEFI BIOS might, some vendors have
bad implementations.

Cheers and good luck
-- 
tomás


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Re: Generic Linux / clib question

[tomas]

On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 06:36:18PM -0500, Greg Wooledge wrote:

[...]

> The readline library is released under the full GPL, not the LGPL.  If
> you dynamically link it with a program, then you can only release that
> program under terms compatible with the GPL.  This is an intentional
> choice.
> 
> I don't know anything about those two programs, but if they aren't already
> being released under the GPL, I doubt Intel would choose to do it just to
> add readline support.

Nitpick: "...they aren't being released under a GPL compatible license and
the lawyers at Intel don't mind the linking result to become GPL".

Practically it doesn't change much, but for some lawyer at Intel it might.

Actually there is at least one well-known example [1] for this: libpq.

The gist is that, if the user is the one doing the last linking step,
all is fine. She's allowed anything.

Cheers

[1] https://postgrespro.com/list/thread-id/1596439
-- 
tomás


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Re: Things I don't touch with a 3.048m barge pole: USB storage (WasRe: Unidentified subject!)

[David Christensen]

On 2/9/24 04:53, gene heskett wrote:

Interesting report from gdisk however:
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.9

Partition table scan:
   MBR: MBR only
   BSD: not present
   APM: not present
   GPT: not present


***
Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format
in memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit by
typing 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitions
to GPT format!
***


Warning! Secondary partition table overlaps the last partition by
33 blocks!
You will need to delete this partition or resize it in another utility.

Command (? for help):
Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sdm: 409600 sectors, 1.9 TiB
Model: SSD 3.0
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 3230045D-589D-4601-8C4D-E9C4684B9657
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 409566
Partitions will be aligned on 64-sector boundaries
Total free space is 30 sectors (15.0 KiB)

Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size   Code  Name
    1  64  409599   1.9 TiB 0700  Microsoft 
basic data


Command (? for help): q

What do we make of that?  Some sort of NTFS?



Do these commands produce any clues or error messages?

# fdisk -l /dev/sdm

# tail /var/log/messages

# dmesg | tail


David

Re: testing new sdm drive

[David Christensen]

On 2/9/24 00:51, gene heskett wrote:

On 2/8/24 13:25, David Christensen wrote:

On 2/7/24 23:14, gene heskett wrote:

gene@coyote:/etc$ sudo smartctl --all -dscsi /dev/sdm
...
scsiModePageOffset: response length too short, resp_len=4 offset=4 
bd_len=0
scsiModePageOffset: response length too short, resp_len=4 offset=4 
bd_len=0

 >> Terminate command early due to bad response to IEC mode page
A mandatory SMART command failed: exiting. To continue, add one or 
more '-T permissive' options.

gene@coyote:/etc$

And then again, it worked, sorta
...
Please try again with the drive connected directly to a motherboard 
USB 3.0 port.



That is where it still is, on a blue usb3.0 port on a 3 yo ASUS mobo.



Does smartctl(8) fail when you connect the USB SSD to other USB ports?


David

Re: Home UPS recommendations

[Felix Miata]

hw composed on 2024-02-10 03:18 (UTC+0100):

> On Fri, 2024-02-09 at 18:51 -0500, Felix Miata wrote:

>> hw composed on 2024-02-09 22:45 (UTC+0100):
>> [...]
>>> Hm, Powercom doesn't seem to exist here, but Eaton seems to have good
>>> prices.  How's the battery availability with Eaton?

>> 
>> has the very common physical attributes used by all my Eaton, Tripp-Lite and
>> Powercom UPSes.

> Well, having batteries shipped over from the US would probably cost
> more than a new UPS.

They are made in China. Surely there are UK sellers. The URL was simply provided
as a representative of specifications of a very common SLA battery for UPS type.

> That rules out Liebert, Cyperpower and Triplite due to uncertain or no
> availability.  That only leaves Eaton.

Those from the above URL are the same spec batteries used in many APC models.

> Does Eaton provide their own Linux software and/or do they accept
> monitoring results from other software like nut (assuming that apcupsd
> won't work for Eaton UPSs)?

Mine are all connected to a multitude of devices more to protect the hardware 
from
a lousy power source. I don't try to use the software. When power fails, I shut
things down when the outage lasts more than a few seconds.

When you live on a power grid, extended outages are much less common than when 
on
or near waterfront or political boundaries. Most of Florida's population has no
out-of-state neighbors to share utilities with, making its grid more fragile.
Being the lightning capital of the world doesn't help either.

>> Here in FL, replacement battery life averages under 30 months, no
>> matter the battery brand. OEM batteries have averaged more like 54.

> How is that?  Do you have frequent power outages that stress the
> batteries so much?
The nature of the beasts is that their use generates heat. These batteries don't
like heat. The cooler they can be kept, the longer they can last. My thermostat
temp setting in heating season is 78F, in cooling season 82F, and cooling season
is much longer than heating season. In climates where heating season is most of
the year and tstat is kept below 65F, I'm guessing likely they could last a 
decade
or more.

Battery orientation within the unit probably makes a difference, and even more,
separation, with worst orientation side-by-side with no air space between. It's
not easy to learn about such specs prior to purchase. UPS makers seem to want to
keep battery specs top secret, out of marketing materials, even from manuals.
-- 
Evolution as taught in public schools is, like religion,
based on faith, not based on science.

 Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks!

Felix Miata

Re: Home UPS recommendations

[hw]

On Fri, 2024-02-09 at 18:51 -0500, Felix Miata wrote:
> hw composed on 2024-02-09 22:45 (UTC+0100):
> [...]
> > Hm, Powercom doesn't seem to exist here, but Eaton seems to have good
> > prices.  How's the battery availability with Eaton?
> 
> 
> has the very common physical attributes used by all my Eaton, Tripp-Lite and
> Powercom UPSes.

Well, having batteries shipped over from the US would probably cost
more than a new UPS.  And the question is not so much if I can get the
batteries now but more if I can get them at reasonable prices in 20 or
30 years or later and every time in between when I need them.

That rules out Liebert, Cyperpower and Triplite due to uncertain or no
availability.  That only leaves Eaton.

Does Eaton provide their own Linux software and/or do they accept
monitoring results from other software like nut (assuming that apcupsd
won't work for Eaton UPSs)?

When I buy an UPS used so that there aren't any relevant warranty
issues APC might produce, am I not still better off buying APC because
the batteries are likely to be available?  Also, Eaton is very hard to
come by used while APC is very common here.

> Here in FL, replacement battery life averages under 30 months, no
> matter the battery brand. OEM batteries have averaged more like 54.

How is that?  Do you have frequent power outages that stress the
batteries so much?

54 months?  I'm getting confused now because I'm sure I replaced the
batteries in my 10-year-old APC UPS three times now, two times with
OEM batteries and last time --- recently --- with aftermarket ones
because they doubled the price for the OEM ones.  That would mean 5
years for the OEM batteries each --- and not 3 years like I said
before.

So 54 months could be right.  Now I'm curious to see how long the
aftermarket ones will last.

Re: Acceso a carpeta SMB

[JavierDebian]

El 9/2/24 a las 17:59, Julian Daich escribió:

Compartir archivos con Samba
Hola,

Estoy tratando de compartir dos carpetas por Samba y no me funciona.
En el servidor tengo Samba instalado. Hice

sudo smbpasswd -a julian, también use las opciones e y n para que no
pregunte contraseña

En /etc/samba.smb.conf

[global]
workgroup = workgroup
security = user
map to guest = Bad User
null passwords = yes

[Música]
path = /home/julian/Música
browsable = yes
writable = yes
read only = no
force create mode = 0666
force directory mode = 0777

[Vídeos]
path = /home/julian/Vídeos
browsable = yes
writable = yes
read only = no
force create mode = 0666
force directory mode = 0777

En el cliente hago smb://nombre_del_equipo

Me pide la contrseña, la haya anulado o no, y da mensaje de error·
parámetros incorrectos"

El servidor es Debian y el cliente Ubuintu Studio. En los dos uso el
mismo usuario. Veo que esto de compartir archivos sigue siendo igual
de complicado como 20 años atrás.

Saludos,

Julián


Los clientes, ¿son Linux o Windows?

Si son Linux, borrá Samba y utilizá NFS
https://guidocutipa.blog.bo/compartir-directorios-linux-nfs/

Si son Windows, borrá Samba y usá NFS
https://learn.microsoft.com/es-es/windows-server/storage/nfs/deploy-nfs

Si todavía te quedan ganas de usar Samba,
https://tuxpepino.wordpress.com/2007/06/03/compartir-carpetas-entre-windows-y-ubuntu-linux/

Como verás, Samba es cosa VIEJA diseñada para Grupos de trabajo, 
intrínsicamente inseguros, que ha sido desplazado por Active Directory 
Domain Services.


Pero vamos a tu pregunta.
Por lo que cuentas, no has añadido el usuario invitado al servidor Linux.

JAP

Re: testing new sdm drive

[Alexander V. Makartsev]

On 10.02.2024 03:34, gene heskett wrote:

On 2/8/24 07:22, Alexander V. Makartsev wrote:

This is how I would test it.
First create a new GPT partition table and a new 2TB partition:
 $ sudo gdisk /dev/sdX check

/!\  Make double sure you've selected the right device by using 
"lsblk" and "blkid" utilities.  /!\
/!\    It could change from 'sdm' to another 
name after reboot.      /!\


At gdisk prompt press "o" to create a new GPT table, next press "n" 
to create a new partition, accept default values by pressing "enter".
To verify setup press "p", to accept configuration and write it to 
device press "w". check


Next format partition to ext4 filesystem:
 $ sudo mkfs.ext4 -m 0 -e remount-ro /dev/sdX1 check

Next mount the filesystem:
 $ sudo mkdir /mnt/disktest check
 $ sudo mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/disktest check

Next create reference 1GB file filled with dummy data:
 $ cd /mnt/disktest check
 $ sudo fallocate -l 1G ./reftestfile check
 $ sudo badblocks -w -s -t random ./reftestfile check

Now we can use script to create 1830 1GB files and check their checksum:
 $ for i in $(seq 1830); do sudo dd if="./reftestfile" 
of="./testfile${i}" status=none; md5sum -b "./testfile${i}" ;done


This procedure will take a very long time to complete. "md5sum" will 
output the checksum for each file and they should be equal to 
checksum of "reftestfile":

 $ md5sum -b ./reftestfile

Got a problem Alexander:
I had to put the script someplace else. So I put it in my private 
/home/gene/bin as disktest.txt with nano. couldn't find it.

But:
gene@coyote:/mnt/disktest$ sudo /home/gene/bin/disktest.txt
sudo: /home/gene/bin/disktest.txt: command not found
If you put that 'for' loop one-liner inside, I think you forgot to make 
"/home/gene/bin/disktest.txt" executable:

    $ chmod +x /home/gene/bin/disktest.txt


And:
gene@coyote:/mnt/disktest$ ls /home/gene/bin/disktest.txt
/home/gene/bin/disktest.txt
So I think I found the problem with my script, ancient eyeballs can't 
tell the diff between () and{} so I fixed that but it still won't run 
or be killed. I don't care how big you've made the t-bird font, by the 
time you've read 2 more msgs, its back to about 6 point text.  Grrr.


So I fired up a root session of htop, found about 8 copies of dd 
showing and started killing them but cannot kill the last 2 in the D 
state.


And cannot find .disktest.txt running in a root htop and the2 copy's 
of dd can't be killall'd.



It's not possible for me to know what went wrong.
Have you created "reftestfile" inside "/mnt/disktest" directory?
How many "testfile*" files, if any, were created on the filesystem 
mounted at "/mnt/disktest"?

Was there anything relevant in the syslog about "sdm" drive after the test?
If you'd followed my instructions step by step, you'd end up inside 
"/mnt/disktest" directory and for the last step all you had to do is 
copy and paste that one-liner 'for' loop into the command line.
It's a long line and it really meant to be copied and pasted not typed 
by hand, and also to give you the idea of the process, so you could 
adjust it if needed.
I've tested it again on my computer and it worked as expected, 
synchronously created "testfiles" inside current directory and 
calculated their hashes one by one.



--
With kindest regards, Alexander.

⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org
⠈⠳⣄

-new HP AMD ryzen with realtec audio. The HP is mo1-F3xxx It has winblows 11 on it and I want it gone. It does have a 256GB SSD. Is there any thing i need to know before i try to install Bookworm. Ca

[Maureen Thomas]

,, 1

Re: Home UPS recommendations

[Felix Miata]

Stefan Monnier composed on 2024-02-09 12:18 (UTC-0500):

>>> What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?

>> I have a Tripp-Lite sitting next to me here that replaced an APC and has
>> 2-1/2 times the capabiliity.  Been in service several weeks and so far I'm
>> pretty happy with it...

> Would they accept a warranty claim without having to run some
> proprietary software (diagnostic and/or OS)?

Do any of them require they be used only by computer owners? If you use one for
Linux and have an issue you expect would be covered by warranty, you might
consider withholding your application. Some people use them for home 
entertainment
centers and other electronic equipment that doesn't require Windows or MacOS. 
Just
make sure they don't hear you connected any fan, heater or other electric motor
bigger than the tiny ones propelling computer cooling fans.
-- 
Evolution as taught in public schools is, like religion,
based on faith, not based on science.

 Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks!

Felix Miata

Re: Home UPS recommendations

[Felix Miata]

hw composed on 2024-02-09 22:45 (UTC+0100):

> On Fri, 2024-02-09 at 12:10 -0500, Felix Miata wrote:

>> hw composed on 2024-02-09 12:07 (UTC+0100):

>> > What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?

>> I bought my first APC just last year, because it was what I found on the 
>> shelf in
>> WalMart, only 450VA, with "Best-in-class Service and Support", more to 
>> protect
>> bedroom TV and recorder against anomalies than power outage here in the 
>> world's
>> lightning capital. All my larger ones that are currently in service are 
>> Eaton or
>> Tripp-Lite. My spare is a Powercom with steel frame and cover, hard to 
>> extract
>> swollen old batteries from.

> Hm, Powercom doesn't seem to exist here, but Eaton seems to have good
> prices.  How's the battery availability with Eaton?


has the very common physical attributes used by all my Eaton, Tripp-Lite and
Powercom UPSes. The Powercom 2200VA uses 4, shipped with (I think) the 7.5AH
variety. The other 3 use pairs. My 1000VA Eaton shipped with 7.5AH. My 1500VA
Tripp-Lites came with 9AH. When I replace I only get the 9AHs so that the 
orphans
that survive failure of a pair have the potential to better match the next 
orphan
and delay another purchase a few months or more. Here in FL, replacement battery
life averages under 30 months, no matter the battery brand. OEM batteries have
averaged more like 54.
-- 
Evolution as taught in public schools is, like religion,
based on faith, not based on science.

 Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks!

Felix Miata

Re: Generic Linux / clib question

[Greg Wooledge]

On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 03:20:46PM -0800, Van Snyder wrote:
> On Fri, 2024-02-09 at 17:37 -0500, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 02:30:54PM -0800, Van Snyder wrote:
> > > Years ago, I knew the name of the routines one could use to have some
> > > stdin history and be able to edit it, like you can do in XTerm or
> > > gnuplot or 
> > > 
> > > I can't remember them now, or find them.
> > 
> > I think you're talking about the readline library, which is used by bash
> > (I assume that's what you meant by "XTerm") and some other programs.
> > 
> > What, exactly, are you trying to do?
> 
> I'm hoping to convince Intel to add it to the stdin runtime support for
> ifx and ifort Fortran compilers.

The readline library is released under the full GPL, not the LGPL.  If
you dynamically link it with a program, then you can only release that
program under terms compatible with the GPL.  This is an intentional
choice.

I don't know anything about those two programs, but if they aren't already
being released under the GPL, I doubt Intel would choose to do it just to
add readline support.

You might have better results advocating for libedit, as Thomas suggested.

Or, if your *actual goal* is to have better editing in these programs
for your own *personal* use, rather than changing the world, maybe you
could just run them under the rlwrap program.

unicorn:~$ apt-cache show rlwrap
[...]
Description-en: readline feature command line wrapper
 This package provides a small utility that uses the GNU readline library
 to allow the editing of keyboard input for any other command.  Input
 history is remembered across invocations, separately for each command;
 history completion and search work as in bash and completion word lists
 can be specified on the command line.

Re: Generic Linux / clib question

[Van Snyder]

On Fri, 2024-02-09 at 17:37 -0500, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 02:30:54PM -0800, Van Snyder wrote:
> > Years ago, I knew the name of the routines one could use to have some
> > stdin history and be able to edit it, like you can do in XTerm or
> > gnuplot or 
> > 
> > I can't remember them now, or find them.
> 
> I think you're talking about the readline library, which is used by bash
> (I assume that's what you meant by "XTerm") and some other programs.
> 
> What, exactly, are you trying to do?

I'm hoping to convince Intel to add it to the stdin runtime support for
ifx and ifort Fortran compilers.

Re: Generic Linux / clib question

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

Van Snyder wrote:
> Years ago, I knew the name of the routines one could use to have some stdin
> history and be able to edit it, like you can do in XTerm or gnuplot or 

Sounds like readline:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Readline
  https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/readline

An alternative with BSD license is libedit:
  https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libedit


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: Generic Linux / clib question

[Greg Wooledge]

On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 02:30:54PM -0800, Van Snyder wrote:
> Years ago, I knew the name of the routines one could use to have some
> stdin history and be able to edit it, like you can do in XTerm or
> gnuplot or 
> 
> I can't remember them now, or find them.

I think you're talking about the readline library, which is used by bash
(I assume that's what you meant by "XTerm") and some other programs.

What, exactly, are you trying to do?

Re: testing new sdm drive

[gene heskett]

On 2/8/24 07:22, Alexander V. Makartsev wrote:

On 08.02.2024 12:14, gene heskett wrote:

gene@coyote:/etc$ sudo smartctl --all -dscsi /dev/sdm
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.1.0-17-rt-amd64] (local 
build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, 
www.smartmontools.org


=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Vendor:
Product:  SSD 3.0
Revision: 2.00
Compliance:   SPC-2
User Capacity:    2,097,152,000,000 bytes [2.09 TB]
Logical block size:   512 bytes
scsiModePageOffset: response length too short, resp_len=4 offset=4 
bd_len=0
scsiModePageOffset: response length too short, resp_len=4 offset=4 
bd_len=0

>> Terminate command early due to bad response to IEC mode page
A mandatory SMART command failed: exiting. To continue, add one or 
more '-T permissive' options.

gene@coyote:/etc$

And then again, it worked, sorta

Cheers, Gene Heskett, CET.


Looks like a scam. Probably a reprogrammed controller to falsely report 
2TB of space to the system.


This is how I would test it.
First create a new GPT partition table and a new 2TB partition:
     $ sudo gdisk /dev/sdX check

/!\  Make double sure you've selected the right device by using "lsblk" 
and "blkid" utilities.  /!\
/!\    It could change from 'sdm' to another 
name after reboot.      /!\


At gdisk prompt press "o" to create a new GPT table, next press "n" to 
create a new partition, accept default values by pressing "enter".
To verify setup press "p", to accept configuration and write it to 
device press "w". check


Next format partition to ext4 filesystem:
     $ sudo mkfs.ext4 -m 0 -e remount-ro /dev/sdX1 check

Next mount the filesystem:
     $ sudo mkdir /mnt/disktest check
     $ sudo mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/disktest check

Next create reference 1GB file filled with dummy data:
     $ cd /mnt/disktest check
     $ sudo fallocate -l 1G ./reftestfile check
     $ sudo badblocks -w -s -t random ./reftestfile check

Now we can use script to create 1830 1GB files and check their checksum:
     $ for i in $(seq 1830); do sudo dd if="./reftestfile" 
of="./testfile${i}" status=none; md5sum -b "./testfile${i}" ;done


This procedure will take a very long time to complete. "md5sum" will 
output the checksum for each file and they should be equal to checksum 
of "reftestfile":

     $ md5sum -b ./reftestfile

Got a problem Alexander:
I had to put the script someplace else. So I put it in my private 
/home/gene/bin as disktest.txt with nano. couldn't find it.

But:
gene@coyote:/mnt/disktest$ sudo /home/gene/bin/disktest.txt
sudo: /home/gene/bin/disktest.txt: command not found
And:
gene@coyote:/mnt/disktest$ ls /home/gene/bin/disktest.txt
/home/gene/bin/disktest.txt
So I think I found the problem with my script, ancient eyeballs can't 
tell the diff between () and{} so I fixed that but it still won't run or 
be killed. I don't care how big you've made the t-bird font, by the time 
you've read 2 more msgs, its back to about 6 point text.  Grrr.


So I fired up a root session of htop, found about 8 copies of dd showing 
and started killing them but cannot kill the last 2 in the D state.


And cannot find .disktest.txt running in a root htop and the2 copy's of 
dd can't be killall'd.



     3f2c5fa95492bfaa18f08c801037d80b *./reftestfile


Next?
     $ for i in $(seq 1830); do sudo dd if="./reftestfile" 
of="./testfile${i}" status=none; md5sum -b "./testfile${i}" ;done

     3f2c5fa95492bfaa18f08c801037d80b *./testfile1
     3f2c5fa95492bfaa18f08c801037d80b *./testfile2
     ...
     3f2c5fa95492bfaa18f08c801037d80b *./testfile1830

Obviously, checksum for your "reftestfile" will be different from mine.
If 'for' loop fails at some point, you can count testfiles to see how 
many of them were actually written to disk.



--
With kindest regards, Alexander.

⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org
⠈⠳⣄


Cheers, Gene Heskett, CET.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Generic Linux / clib question

[Van Snyder]

Years ago, I knew the name of the routines one could use to have some
stdin history and be able to edit it, like you can do in XTerm or
gnuplot or 

I can't remember them now, or find them.

Does anybody know the names?

Thanks,
Van Snyder

Re: Home UPS recommendations (Was Re: rsync --delete vs rsync --delete-after)

[Dan Ritter]

hw wrote: 
> On Fri, 2024-02-09 at 06:44 -0500, Dan Ritter wrote:
> > hw wrote: 
> > > On Thu, 2024-02-08 at 15:29 +, Andy Smith wrote:
> > > > [...]
> > > That sucks.  I didn't know that they don't stand behind their
> > > products, and it makes APC not recommendable any longer.
> > > 
> > > What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?
> > 
> > Liebert at the high end, CyberPower at the low end. 
> 
> I've never heard of Liebert, they are rather expensive.  Cyberpower
> seems to be cheap.
> 
> Are they any good, and how is the battery availability?  Can they even
> be monitored?

Liebert is very good, and -- as you said -- expensive. If you
are outfitting a datacenter, they are usually on the list.

Cyberpower is reasonably reliable; the batteries can be found
online. They are USB connected devices readable by NUT.

Some selected stats:

battery.charge: 100
battery.charge.low: 10
battery.charge.warning: 20
battery.runtime: 3060
battery.runtime.low: 300
battery.type: PbAcid
battery.voltage: 24.0
battery.voltage.nominal: 24
device.mfr: CPS
device.model: CST135XLU
device.type: ups
driver.name: usbhid-ups
driver.version: 2.8.0
driver.version.data: CyberPower HID 0.6
driver.version.internal: 0.47
driver.version.usb: libusb-1.0.26 (API: 0x1000109)
input.voltage: 121.0
input.voltage.nominal: 120
output.voltage: 121.0
ups.beeper.status: enabled
ups.load: 16
ups.mfr: CPS
ups.productid: 0501
ups.realpower.nominal: 810
ups.serial: CDQHX2004035
ups.vendorid: 0764

Re: Home UPS recommendations

[hw]

On Fri, 2024-02-09 at 12:10 -0500, Felix Miata wrote:
> hw composed on 2024-02-09 12:07 (UTC+0100):
> 
> > What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?
> 
> I bought my first APC just last year, because it was what I found on the 
> shelf in
> WalMart, only 450VA, with "Best-in-class Service and Support", more to protect
> bedroom TV and recorder against anomalies than power outage here in the 
> world's
> lightning capital. All my larger ones that are currently in service are Eaton 
> or
> Tripp-Lite. My spare is a Powercom with steel frame and cover, hard to extract
> swollen old batteries from.

Hm, Powercom doesn't seem to exist here, but Eaton seems to have good
prices.  How's the battery availability with Eaton?

Re: Home UPS recommendations (Was Re: rsync --delete vs rsync --delete-after)

[hw]

On Fri, 2024-02-09 at 11:34 -0500, Roy J. Tellason, Sr. wrote:
> On Friday 09 February 2024 06:07:16 am hw wrote:
> > What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?
>  
> I have a Tripp-Lite sitting next to me here that replaced an APC and
> has 2-1/2 times the capabiliity.  Been in service several weeks and
> so far I'm pretty happy with it...

They seem to be extremely rare here.  Are they any good, and how's the
battery availability?

Re: Home UPS recommendations (Was Re: rsync --delete vs rsync --delete-after)

[hw]

On Fri, 2024-02-09 at 06:44 -0500, Dan Ritter wrote:
> hw wrote: 
> > On Thu, 2024-02-08 at 15:29 +, Andy Smith wrote:
> > > [...]
> > That sucks.  I didn't know that they don't stand behind their
> > products, and it makes APC not recommendable any longer.
> > 
> > What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?
> 
> Liebert at the high end, CyberPower at the low end. 

I've never heard of Liebert, they are rather expensive.  Cyberpower
seems to be cheap.

Are they any good, and how is the battery availability?  Can they even
be monitored?

[no subject]

[Julian Daich]

Compartir archivos con Samba
Hola,

Estoy tratando de compartir dos carpetas por Samba y no me funciona.
En el servidor tengo Samba instalado. Hice

sudo smbpasswd -a julian, también use las opciones e y n para que no
pregunte contraseña

En /etc/samba.smb.conf

[global]
workgroup = workgroup
security = user
map to guest = Bad User
null passwords = yes

[Música]
path = /home/julian/Música
browsable = yes
writable = yes
read only = no
force create mode = 0666
force directory mode = 0777

[Vídeos]
path = /home/julian/Vídeos
browsable = yes
writable = yes
read only = no
force create mode = 0666
force directory mode = 0777

En el cliente hago smb://nombre_del_equipo

Me pide la contrseña, la haya anulado o no, y da mensaje de error·
parámetros incorrectos"

El servidor es Debian y el cliente Ubuintu Studio. En los dos uso el
mismo usuario. Veo que esto de compartir archivos sigue siendo igual
de complicado como 20 años atrás.

Saludos,

Julián
-- 
Julian

Re: Home UPS recommendations

[debian-user]

Felix Miata  wrote:
> hw composed on 2024-02-09 12:07 (UTC+0100):
> 
> > What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?  
> 
> I bought my first APC just last year, because it was what I found on
> the shelf in WalMart, only 450VA, with "Best-in-class Service and
> Support", more to protect bedroom TV and recorder against anomalies
> than power outage here in the world's lightning capital. All my
> larger ones that are currently in service are Eaton or Tripp-Lite. My
> spare is a Powercom with steel frame and cover, hard to extract
> swollen old batteries from.

FWIW Eaton owns Tripp Lite, whilst APC is owned by Schneider Electric.

Re: Erreur suite à un apt upgrade noyau 6.6.18

[ajh-valmer]

On Tuesday 06 February 2024 12:50:21 Fabien Dubois wrote:
> > apt upgrade :
> > c'est le module Nvidia qui empêche l'installation du noyau 6.6.18.
> > Mon pilote Nvidia 470 est celui pêché sur le dépôt free de Debian.
> > Je n'ai jamais réussi à installer un pilote "nouveau".

Bonsoir,
J'ai donc fait un test sur une sauvegarde sous Bookworm,
en purgeant nvidia.
Cette fois l'upgrade se fait bien avec le noyau 6.6.18.
J'ai tenté de réinstaller le pilote Nvidia 470, niet idem.
Par contre, j'ai le mode graphique mais qu'en mode 1024X768 max (trop faible).

Je désire maintenant un howto pour installer le pilote "nouveau".
Cette commande ci-dessous m'affiche une erreur :
dpkg --configure -a|--pending 
Je n'ai plus la commande nvidia-detect.

> https://wiki.debian.org/fr/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers
> https://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?t=16
> https://debian-facile.org/doc:materiel:cartes-graphique:nvidia:accueil :
ne m'aident pas du tout.

Bonne soirée.

Re: Home UPS recommendations (Was Re: rsync --delete vs rsync --delete-after)

[Stefan Monnier]

>> What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?
> I have a Tripp-Lite sitting next to me here that replaced an APC and has
> 2-1/2 times the capabiliity.  Been in service several weeks and so far I'm
> pretty happy with it...

Would they accept a warranty claim without having to run some
proprietary software (diagnostic and/or OS)?


Stefan

Re: Home UPS recommendations

[Felix Miata]

hw composed on 2024-02-09 12:07 (UTC+0100):

> What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?

I bought my first APC just last year, because it was what I found on the shelf 
in
WalMart, only 450VA, with "Best-in-class Service and Support", more to protect
bedroom TV and recorder against anomalies than power outage here in the world's
lightning capital. All my larger ones that are currently in service are Eaton or
Tripp-Lite. My spare is a Powercom with steel frame and cover, hard to extract
swollen old batteries from.
-- 
Evolution as taught in public schools is, like religion,
based on faith, not based on science.

 Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks!

Felix Miata

Re: Home UPS recommendations (Was Re: rsync --delete vs rsync --delete-after)

[Roy J. Tellason, Sr.]

On Friday 09 February 2024 06:07:16 am hw wrote:
> What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?
 
I have a Tripp-Lite sitting next to me here that replaced an APC and has 2-1/2 
times the capabiliity.  Been in service several weeks and so far I'm pretty 
happy with it...


-- 
Member of the toughest, meanest, deadliest, most unrelenting -- and
ablest -- form of life in this section of space,  a critter that can
be killed but can't be tamed.  --Robert A. Heinlein, "The Puppet Masters"
-
Information is more dangerous than cannon to a society ruled by lies. --James 
M Dakin

Re: testing new sdm drive

[tomas]

On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 09:21:24AM -0500, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> >> So, if you want to use `badblocks`, you may want to do it on an
> >> encrypted partition (that covers the whole device) rather than on the
> >> raw device.
> > This is an interesting idea. I haven't wrapped my head around "what if
> > the controller maps several block addresses to the same physical block"?
> 
> I assume that's what those thingies do.  But disk encryption encrypts
> every block in a different way (otherwise, your encryption system is too
> poor and will leak information when comparing different blocks), so even
> if you write nothing but zeroes over your whole encrypted partition, the
> encryption will turn them into blocks that have all different contents.

Yes, but those device cheat, they do wear levelling and move (physical)
blocks around behind your back. If you write (logical) block N and read
it right away, chances are good that it comes out clean. But (logical)
block M (fr M << N) may just have been corrupted. That's why I think
you'll have to fill first, then check.

> This said, for the task at hand F3 seems like a simpler and more
> direct answer.

Possibly. I haven't read the man page yet.

Cheers
-- 
t


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Re: testing new sdm drive

[Max Nikulin]

On 09/02/2024 20:23, Dan Ritter wrote:

I would (I have, in the past) generate a non-random but mostly
incompressible large file


There are 2 kinds of random number generators:
- Cryptographic grade are intentionally hard to predict
- Pseudo-random

A pseudo-random generator of reasonable quality allows to get long 
enough non-repeating sequence. It can be reproduced if its initial state 
is saved. This property is used for Monte-Carlo simulations in physics, etc.


So you may save a hundred bytes and may check if several Tb generated 
from it is the same.


Is there a reason to avoid the f3 tool? I have tried it only on 32G USB 
and µSD cards, however I do not see a reason why I can not be used for a 
SSD.


As another test I would leave a suspicious drive for a month unpowered 
and check if data are not corrupted. I think, a scenario like

https://blog.gsmarena.com/how-do-you-spot-fake-chinese-usb-hard-drives-well-you-take-them-apart/
is a pessimistic one. A more realistic case is faulty chips with leaking 
memory cells that did not pass quality control.

Re: testing new sdm drive

[Stefan Monnier]

>> So, if you want to use `badblocks`, you may want to do it on an
>> encrypted partition (that covers the whole device) rather than on the
>> raw device.
> This is an interesting idea. I haven't wrapped my head around "what if
> the controller maps several block addresses to the same physical block"?

I assume that's what those thingies do.  But disk encryption encrypts
every block in a different way (otherwise, your encryption system is too
poor and will leak information when comparing different blocks), so even
if you write nothing but zeroes over your whole encrypted partition, the
encryption will turn them into blocks that have all different contents.

This said, for the task at hand F3 seems like a simpler and more
direct answer.


Stefan

Re: testing new sdm drive

[tomas]

On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 08:23:30AM -0500, Dan Ritter wrote:
> to...@tuxteam.de wrote: 
> > On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 07:50:18AM -0500, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> > > So, if you want to use `badblocks`, you may want to do it on an
> > > encrypted partition (that covers the whole device) rather than on the
> > > raw device.
> > 
> > This is an interesting idea. I haven't wrapped my head around "what if
> > the controller maps several block addresses to the same physical block"?
> > 
> > Perhaps you'd have to fill the disk and check afterwards?
> 
> Blocks are very likely to be 128KB, sometimes 64KB.
> 
> I would (I have, in the past) generate a non-random but mostly
> incompressible large file -- a compressed movie is pretty good for this -- 
> use md5sum to get its hash, and then write it under a variety of
> names until I fill the disk. 
> 
> Then read back each file and compare the md5sum of each file to
> the known value. They should be all the same.
> 
> I found a bad RAID controller this way.

What I'd do is encrypt the block number (in whichever form) padded
with zeros to block size with some symmetric scheme (e.g. AES) and
a constant symmetric key. That should be "random enough" and still
repeatable in the sense that, given the block number you know how
it is supposed to look like.

Plus, if you're lucky and have chosen the cipher judiciously, your
CPU might help you to make it fast.

Cheers
-- 
t


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Description: PGP signature

Re: Things I don't touch with a 3.048m barge pole

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

gene heskett wrote:
> GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.9
>
> Partition table scan:
>   MBR: MBR only
> [...]
> Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format
> in memory.
> [...]
> Warning! Secondary partition table overlaps the last partition by 33 blocks!
> You will need to delete this partition or resize it in another utility.
> [...]
> Disk /dev/sdm: 409600 sectors, 1.9 TiB
> Number  Start (sector)End (sector)  Size   Code  Name
>1  64  409599   1.9 TiB 0700  Microsoft basic data

It wants to say "found no GPT at all and cannot easily convert the MBR
partition table".


> What do we make of that?  Some sort of NTFS?

NTFS would be a possible candidate for the filesystem inside the
partition. What does this command report:

  file -s /dev/sdm1


But the complaint from gdisk is just about an MBR partitioned stick with
no unclaimed room at the end for storing the GPT backup table.
Indeed if you want to convert the MBR partition table to GPT you will have
to delete or shrink the single partition number 1. (Shrinking would
of course depend on what kind of filesystem is in the partition and
whether Debian has shrink software for it.)
The same will be necessary if you want more than one partition.

Whatever, there is nothing suspicious about the gdisk behavior with that
particular disk.


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: testing new sdm drive

[Dan Ritter]

to...@tuxteam.de wrote: 
> On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 07:50:18AM -0500, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> > So, if you want to use `badblocks`, you may want to do it on an
> > encrypted partition (that covers the whole device) rather than on the
> > raw device.
> 
> This is an interesting idea. I haven't wrapped my head around "what if
> the controller maps several block addresses to the same physical block"?
> 
> Perhaps you'd have to fill the disk and check afterwards?

Blocks are very likely to be 128KB, sometimes 64KB.

I would (I have, in the past) generate a non-random but mostly
incompressible large file -- a compressed movie is pretty good for this -- 
use md5sum to get its hash, and then write it under a variety of
names until I fill the disk. 

Then read back each file and compare the md5sum of each file to
the known value. They should be all the same.

I found a bad RAID controller this way.

-dsr-

Re: Unidentified flying subject!

[Richmond]

Charles Curley  writes:

> On Fri, 09 Feb 2024 04:30:14 +
> Richmond  wrote:
>
>> So you need to store a lot of data and then verify that it has written
>> with 'diff'.
>
> Yeah.
>
> I've been thinking about this. Yeah, I know: dangerous.
>
> What I would do is write a function to write 4096 bytes of repeating
> data, the data being the block number being written to. So the first
> block is all zeros, the second all ones, etc.. For convenience they
> would be 64 bit unsigned ints.
>
> And, given the block number, a function to verify that block number N
> is full of Ns and nothing else.
>
> By doing it this way, we don't have to keep copies of what we've
> written. We only have to keep track of which block got written to which
> LBA so we can go back and check it later.
>
> Now, divide the drive in half. Write block zero there. Divide the two
> halves each in half, and write blocks one and two. Divide again, and
> write blocks three through five. Etc., a nice binary division.
>
> Every once in a while, I would go back and verify the blocks already
> written. Maybe every time I subdivide again.
>
> If we're really lucky, and the perpetrators really stupid, the 0th block
> will fail, and we have instant proof that the drive is a failure.
> We don't care why the drive is failing, only that the 0th block (which
> is clearly not at the end of the drive) has failed.
>
> Here's a conjecture: This was designed to get people who use FAT and
> NTFS. I know that FAT starts writing at the beginning of the partition,
> and goes from there. This is because floppy disks (remember them?) have
> track 0 at the outside, which is far more reliable than the tracks at
> the hub simply because each each flux reversal is longer. So the first
> 64G should be fine; only after you get past there do you see bad
> sectors. I believe NTFS does similarly.
>
> But I don't think that's what they're doing. Other operating systems
> have put the root directory and file allocation table (or equivalent)
> in the middle of the disk (for faster access), Apple DOS for one.
> mkfs.extX write blocks all over the place.
>
> I think that they are re-allocating sectors on the fly, regardless of
> the LBA, until they run out of real sectors. So we write 64G+ of my
> 4096 byte blocks. It'll take a while, but who cares?
>
> If Gibson is correct that these things only have 64 gig of real memory,
> and my arithmetic is correct, we should start seeing failures after
> writing 16777216 of my 4096 blocks. 
>
> Of course, these things might allocate larger sectors than 4096 bytes.
> In which case we'll hit the limit sooner.

I tried validrive on a 64G drive and it was very fast to run. Another
older drive with 32G was much slower. This is due to the design of
drives expecting to be written to sequentially.

Note this in the FAQ:

"Q:How much of the storage of a drive does ValiDrive test?

"A:ValiDrive's drive map contains 32 x 16 squares. So it tests 576
evenly-spaced 4k byte regions of any drive for a total of 2,359,296
bytes, or about 2.36 megabytes. If a drive contains internal RAM
caching, ValiDrive will detect that and may increase its testing region
size, as necessary, to bypass such caching; but this is not commonly
encountered.
"

This would be considerably quicker than your 64G write, and also cause
less wear.

But you need a friend with Windows to run it. :)

Re: please, help to get the image write done, due to an error. Thank you!

[Steve McIntyre]

Moving this to the debian-user list and setting reply-to accordingly...

On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 12:25:15PM +, guido mezzalana wrote:
>Hello
>
>First of all I wish to thank you all Debian's Team! To still enjoy a free OS:)
>
>I am running Ubuntu XFCE and I am using the Disk Image Write to get your lates
>Debian 12.4.1 XFCE on my USB. Unfortunately after a few try I get always an
>error and so I cannot get the job done. I do have a Lenovo X200 which comes
>without DVD writer.

Ummm. What image exactly are you trying to write, and how?

We don't have any images labelled with version 12.4.1. Where did you
get this image from?

What exact errors is the image writer program reporting? Without that
information it's very difficult to help you.

-- 
Steve McIntyre, Cambridge, UK.st...@einval.com
< sladen> I actually stayed in a hotel and arrived to find a post-it
  note stuck to the mini-bar saying "Paul: This fridge and
  fittings are the correct way around and do not need altering"

Re: testing new sdm drive

[tomas]

On Fri, Feb 09, 2024 at 07:50:18AM -0500, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> > BTW2, there is a program for that, "badblocks", part of e2fsprograms, so
> > chances are it's installed. I'd look into that man page.
> 
> `badblocks` sadly writes the same pattern on every block, AFAIK, so if
> the drive just remaps new logical blocks to already used physical
> blocks, `badblocks` may be convinced that the drive works fine even when
> it doesn't.

Absolutely right. And most probably it checks a block right after writing,
and doesn't try to fill up the disk first.

> So, if you want to use `badblocks`, you may want to do it on an
> encrypted partition (that covers the whole device) rather than on the
> raw device.

This is an interesting idea. I haven't wrapped my head around "what if
the controller maps several block addresses to the same physical block"?

Perhaps you'd have to fill the disk and check afterwards?

Cheers
-- 
t


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Description: PGP signature

Re: Things I don't touch with a 3.048m barge pole: USB storage (WasRe: Unidentified subject!)

[gene heskett]

On 2/8/24 15:43, Andy Smith wrote:

Hello,

On Thu, Feb 08, 2024 at 02:20:59PM -0500, Jeffrey Walton wrote:

On Thu, Feb 8, 2024 at 11:57 AM Ralph Aichinger  wrote:

How does a breaking USB disk differ from a breaking SATA disk?


I may be mistaken, but I believe AS is talking about USB thumb drives,
SDcards and the like. I don't think he's talking about external SSD's
and NVME's over USB. But I don't want to put words in his mouth.


I really do mean all forms of USB that come over a USB port.

I wouldn't have much issue with taking a USB drive out of its caddy
to get the SATA drive from inside, except that it would have to be
an amazingly good deal to make it worth voiding the warranty, so I
generally wouldn't bother.

If I need directly attached storage I'd much rather explore options
like SAS and eSATA, or even networked storage, before I would ever
consider USB for a permanent installation.

Thanks,
Andy

OTOH. I have a couple sata-II SSD's, a kingston 256G and an adata 120G 
plugged into the usb-3 ports of what was an rpi3b with usb2, rigged it 
up first in 2016 IIRC, but swapped the rpi3b for an rpi4b in Feb 2020.
I can build linuxcnc from master in around an hour, and a 4.19.120 or so 
kernal for the pi in a little less. And was doing that linuxcnc thing 4 
to 8 times a week for several years but have stopped that with armhf 
since it may be dropped in favor of arm64 which isn't as good for 
latency, but is good enough to run linuxcnc w/o making the machine 
stutter from lack of data.


I have had one failure, the adapter for the 120G adata, wasn't a 
startech, is now for around 5 years. That's beats the performance of 
spinning rust like a white mouthed mule. I'd had  Spinning rust failures 
have totaled around around a dozen in triple that time frame. I built my 
first linux box with a 30G drive in 1998. 26 years ago. I've paid the 
window tax once, buying a lappy in 2002 to run a road map gps thing as I 
did a decade and change worth of consulting since I retired, but that 
lappy got its windows replaced in 2 weeks by mandrake when I found the 
windose xp install could not run the radio in it but mandrake could. 
Long found the out bin, bad ac adapter. but I got most of a decade out 
of it.  Kept me company from the passengers seat for around 20k miles 
though.


If these $23 drives pass the A. M. test, they will get mounted in 
adapters I'll have to design and print, plugged into a 8 port usb3 hub, 
plugged into a usb3 port of an bpi-m5, making a drive cage into a 12TB 
with 6 of these I bought into an amanda backup server I may hide in the 
bookshelves surrounding me. Headless, probably running it all on a 5v5a 
psu. There is a 5v8a psu being rowed across the big pond just in case.


My scope watching the 5 volt line will determine the need.

If they pass the test.  That is YTBD.
Interesting report from gdisk however:
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.9

Partition table scan:
  MBR: MBR only
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: not present


***
Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format
in memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit by
typing 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitions
to GPT format!
***


Warning! Secondary partition table overlaps the last partition by
33 blocks!
You will need to delete this partition or resize it in another utility.

Command (? for help):
Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sdm: 409600 sectors, 1.9 TiB
Model: SSD 3.0
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 3230045D-589D-4601-8C4D-E9C4684B9657
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 409566
Partitions will be aligned on 64-sector boundaries
Total free space is 30 sectors (15.0 KiB)

Number  Start (sector)End (sector)  Size   Code  Name
   1  64  409599   1.9 TiB 0700  Microsoft 
basic data


Command (? for help): q

What do we make of that?  Some sort of NTFS?



Cheers, Gene Heskett, CET.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: testing new sdm drive

[Stefan Monnier]

> BTW2, there is a program for that, "badblocks", part of e2fsprograms, so
> chances are it's installed. I'd look into that man page.

`badblocks` sadly writes the same pattern on every block, AFAIK, so if
the drive just remaps new logical blocks to already used physical
blocks, `badblocks` may be convinced that the drive works fine even when
it doesn't.

So, if you want to use `badblocks`, you may want to do it on an
encrypted partition (that covers the whole device) rather than on the
raw device.


Stefan

Re: Home UPS recommendations (Was Re: rsync --delete vs rsync --delete-after)

[Dan Ritter]

hw wrote: 
> On Thu, 2024-02-08 at 15:29 +, Andy Smith wrote:
> > [...]
> That sucks.  I didn't know that they don't stand behind their
> products, and it makes APC not recommendable any longer.
> 
> What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?

Liebert at the high end, CyberPower at the low end. 

-dsr-

Re: Home UPS recommendations (Was Re: rsync --delete vs rsync --delete-after)

[hw]

On Thu, 2024-02-08 at 15:29 +, Andy Smith wrote:
> [...]
> Someone on the apcupsd mailing list thinks I have a faulty UPS or
> battery and should get a replacement.
> 
> APC refuses to proceed with a warranty claim because they don't
> support apcupsd or nut, only their own proprietary Powerchute. They
> won't proceed unless I can get Powerchute to show these events or a
> failed self-test.

That sucks.  I didn't know that they don't stand behind their
products, and it makes APC not recommendable any longer.

What other manufacturers could we buy UPSs from?

> [...]
> Having said that, I don't need to do a warranty claim. As it was
> only purchased a couple of weeks ago, consumer law allows me to
> return it to the seller as faulty whether they accept that or not,
> so I'll likely do that. It's just disappointing and a lot more
> hassle.

That seems like the best option.  You can then buy from a better
manufacturer which may avoid having trouble with APC later if there's
a problem.

Re: testing new sdm drive

[gene heskett]

On 2/8/24 15:11, Alexander V. Makartsev wrote:

On 09.02.2024 00:23, gene heskett wrote:
Looks neat. Any chance this will crash my machine? I have other design 
work going on, and I'd hate to have to start from scratch.
Well, it will consume CPU cycles for sure, at least to calculate md5 
hashes and perform I/O on the target drive and RAM.
I don't think it could crash the system, but the load could be 
significant enough to disturb your work, so
if I was in your place I'd wait until the machine is free from any work 
or load and then test the new drive.


That is my intentions, but I'm in the middle of making a tronxy400-pro 
that has never worked so I using the frame to build a printer that 
works.  Doing essentially the same with an Ender 5 Plus. Including 
klipper, a bpi5-m5, the whole MaryAnn.  So OpenSCAD is busier than that 
famous cat on a tin roof.

--
With kindest regards, Alexander.

Take care yourself Alexander.


⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org
⠈⠳⣄


Cheers, Gene Heskett, CET.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

netselect-apt falla

[Narcis Garcia]

Des de fa algunes versions de Debian que tinc problemes per a utilitzar 
aquesta eina que selecciona un servidor de repositoris amb bona comunicació.

Ara amb Debian 12 (bookworm):

$ sudo netselect-apt
Using distribution stable.
Retrieving the list of mirrors from www.debian.org...

URL transformed to HTTPS due to an HSTS policy
--2024-02-09 09:42:59--  https://www.debian.org/mirror/mirrors_full
Resolving www.debian.org (www.debian.org)... 130.89.148.77, 
2001:67c:2564:a119::77
Connecting to www.debian.org (www.debian.org)|130.89.148.77|:443... 
connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 121624 (119K) [text/html]
Saving to: ‘/tmp/netselect-apt.YYcy3f’

/tmp/netselect-apt.YYcy3f 
100%[=>] 
118.77K  --.-KB/sin 0.1s


2024-02-09 09:42:59 (1.03 MB/s) - ‘/tmp/netselect-apt.YYcy3f’ saved 
[121624/121624]


Choosing a main Debian mirror using netselect.
netselect: 316 (24 active) nameserver request(s)...
Duplicate address 93.187.162.100 (http://mirrors.asnet.am/debian/, 
http://ftp.am.debian.org/debian/); keeping only under first name.

netselect: 307 (23 active) nameserver request(s)...
Duplicate address 200.236.31.3 (http://debian.c3sl.ufpr.br/debian/, 
http://ftp.br.debian.org/debian/); keeping only under first name.

netselect: unknown host ftp.belnet.be
netselect: unknown host mirror.overthewire.com.au
netselect: unknown host mirror.amaze.com.au
(...)
netselect: unknown host debian-archive.trafficmanager.net
netselect: unknown host debian.osuosl.org
netselect: unknown host ftp.is.co.za
Running netselect to choose 10 out of 313 addresses.

Did not found any valid hosts (you requested 10)
netselect was unable to find a mirror, this probably means that
you are behind a firewall and it is blocking ICMP and/or
UDP traceroute. Or the servers test are actively blocking
ICMP and/or UDP traceroute probes.


-> El router d'Internet no està filtrant la comunicació per UDP ni ICMP.
-> Si provo a verificar manualment els servidors amb el simple 
«netselect» només té èxit si afegeixo l'opció -I

però el «netselect-apt» no admet l'opció -I

Algú sap com evitar el problema per a crear un sources.list amb una tria 
basada en la puntuació de netselect?


Gràcies.


--

Narcis Garcia

__
I'm using this dedicated address because personal addresses aren't 
masked enough at this mail public archive. Public archive administrator 
should remove and omit any @, dot and mailto combinations against 
automated addresses collectors.

Re: testing new sdm drive

[gene heskett]

On 2/8/24 13:25, David Christensen wrote:

On 2/7/24 23:14, gene heskett wrote:

gene@coyote:/etc$ sudo smartctl --all -dscsi /dev/sdm
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.1.0-17-rt-amd64] (local 
build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, 
www.smartmontools.org


=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Vendor:
Product:  SSD 3.0
Revision: 2.00
Compliance:   SPC-2
User Capacity:    2,097,152,000,000 bytes [2.09 TB]
Logical block size:   512 bytes
scsiModePageOffset: response length too short, resp_len=4 offset=4 
bd_len=0
scsiModePageOffset: response length too short, resp_len=4 offset=4 
bd_len=0

 >> Terminate command early due to bad response to IEC mode page
A mandatory SMART command failed: exiting. To continue, add one or 
more '-T permissive' options.

gene@coyote:/etc$

And then again, it worked, sorta

Cheers, Gene Heskett, CET.



Please try again with the drive connected directly to a motherboard USB 
3.0 port.



That is where it still is, on a blue usb3.0 port on a 3 yo ASUS mobo.


I seem to recall that you have a lot of USB devices connected to your 
computer(s).  The Asus PRIME Z370-A II Series manual page ix states:


Intel ® Z370 Chipset
- 6 x USB 3.1 Gen 1 ports (4 ports @mid-board, 2 ports @back panel)
USB
- 6 x USB 2.0/1.1 ports (4 ports @mid-board, 2 ports @back panel)
Asmedia ® USB 3.1 Gen 2 controller
- 1 x USB 3.1 Gen 2 port @back panel (teal blue, Type-A)
- 1 x USB 3.1 Gen 2 port @back panel (USB Type CTM)


Page 1-16 states:

USB 3.1 Gen 1 connectors (20-1 pin U31G1_12; U31G1_34)

This connector allows you to connect a USB 3.1 Gen 1 module for 
additional USB 3.1 Gen 1 front or rear panel ports. With an installed 
USB 3.1 Gen 1 module, you can enjoy all the benefits of USB 3.1 Gen 
1including faster data transfer speeds of up to 5 Gb/s, faster charging 
time for USB-chargeable devices, optimized power efficiency, and 
backward compatibility with USB 2.0.


The USB 3.1 Gen 1 module is purchased separately.


Page 1-17 states:

USB 2.0 connectors (10-1 pin USB910; USB1112)

These connectors are for USB 2.0 ports. Connect the USB module cable to 
these connectors, then install the module to a slot opening at the back 
of the system chassis. This USB connector complies with USB 2.0 
specification that supports up to 480 Mb/s connection speed.


The USB 2.0 module is purchased separately.


STFW including asus.com, I am unable to find "USB 3.1 Gen 1 module" or 
"USB 2.0 module" (?).



Does your chassis have front panel USB 2.0 and/or USB 3.1 Gen 1 ports 
with cables and matching connectors?  Have you connected them to the 
motherboard headers?  Do they work?



Alternatively, if you have an available chassis expansion slot:

https://www.startech.com/en-us/cables/usbplate4


I am unable to find a similar part for the motherboard USB 3.1 Gen 1 
20-pin headers.  Perhaps a USB 3.0 will work (?):


https://www.amazon.com/RIITOP-Female-Connector-Adapter-Bracket/dp/B01KJPUI5W


Or, if you have an available motherboard PCIe slot:

https://www.startech.com/en-us/cards-adapters/usb-30/cards?filter_bustype=pci%2520express


David

.


Cheers, Gene Heskett, CET.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: Things I don't touch with a 3.048m barge pole: USB storage (WasRe: Unidentified subject!)

[gene heskett]

On 2/8/24 11:15, Gremlin wrote:

On 2/8/24 10:36, Andy Smith wrote:

Hello,

On Wed, Feb 07, 2024 at 03:30:29PM -0500, gene heskett wrote:

[629241.074187] scsi host37: usb-storage 1-2:1.0


USB storage is for phones and cameras etc, not for serious
computing. Many people will disagree with that statement and say
they use it all the time and it is fine. They will keep saying that
until it isn't fine, and then they'll be in a world of hurt.



LOL,  So my main desktop a raspberry pi 4 is not serious computing? Or 
is it that my name server, web server email server which is a raspberry 
pi 4 not serious computing?


They both boot to USB SSDs and only have USB SSD drives, so they are not 
serious computing?  The desktop RPI has an NVME drive as the boot drive 
connected by you guessed it USB.




I learned not to go there a long time ago and have seen plenty of
reminders along the way from others' misfortunes to not ever go
there again myself.



Well, most of what you attributed to me came from an earlier post.  I'd 
never call a pi4b inadequate.  Its running an 11x54 lathe just like a 
wintel box can.  All the other stuff that makes a desktop computer, web 
browsing, the office suites, web server, you name it, it Just Works. 
Not as fast, but it works as advertised.  And does all that on a 5x5 
psu, with an AOC monitors whose label claim it uses 10 watts. I don't 
even shut them off.





.


Cheers, Gene Heskett, CET.
--
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis

Re: Things I don't touch with a 3.048m barge pole: USB storage (Was Re: Unidentified subject!)

[Arno Lehmann]

Hi all,

Am 08.02.2024 um 21:38 schrieb Andy Smith:

Hello,

On Thu, Feb 08, 2024 at 05:40:54PM +0100, Ralph Aichinger wrote:

On Thu, 2024-02-08 at 15:36 +, Andy Smith wrote:

I learned not to go there a long time ago and have seen plenty of
reminders along the way from others' misfortunes to not ever go
there again myself.


How does a breaking USB disk differ from a breaking SATA disk?


My own experience is that it's often harder to notice and diagnose -- 
because on top of the actual storage and its "native" interface such as 
SATA or NVMe/PCIe, you have the whole stack of USB things.


And misbehaving USB devices usually result in first working on the USB 
end -- try different port, port directly on mainboard, or a powered hub, 
watch out for native USB 3 or 3.0 Gen 1 -- we can see this on this 
mailing list, too.


Then, USB storage is usually a single device single, if it breaks, it's 
data is lost, whereas SATA/SAS/NVMe can more easily be integrated into 
redundancy providing systems.


On top of all that, my own, admittedly anecdotal, experience is that 
USB/Firewire-to-IDE/SATA adapters and their power supplies are more 
fragile than actual disks. Most of the external hard disks I ever used 
have been replaced because of their enclosures or power supplies failing.


So, I tend to agree with Andy, and I also don't notice any moving 
goalposts in his statements...



In my experience it happens more often and also brings with it
frequent issues of poor performance and other reliability issues
like just dropping off the USB bus. There is almost always a better
way.


For home users / small office environments, that leaves the problem of 
how to do backups -- USB drives are the most appealing storage system 
for such purposes, but also seem to be less reliable than the primary 
storage. What do you do? Throw more of the USB disks onto the problem?


Or is "public" cloud the solution?

Whatever you do, even purely personal storage requirements become a bit 
of a nightmare when you start thinking about how to make sure your 
photos and videos are around when your kids are grown up...



Cheers,

Arno


Thanks,
Andy



--
Arno Lehmann

IT-Service Lehmann
Sandstr. 6, 49080 Osnabrück