Re: about 10th new install of bullseye
On 6/6/24 23:14, gene heskett wrote:
On 6/6/24 19:00, Tom Dial wrote:
On 6/5/24 19:53, gene heskett wrote:
On 6/5/24 17:25, Tom Dial wrote:
On 6/5/24 08:58, gene heskett wrote:
On 6/5/24 02:05, Tom Dial wrote:
On 6/4/24 04:26, gene heskett wrote:
On 2/19/22 06:31, Andrew M.A. Cater wrote:
Hi Gene,
If this was someone calling you from a TV station saying they had a TV
transmitter that was varying in power output - you'd have a mental checklist.
You'd get down there, perhaps schedule some sort of power down / reduced
power operation and then you'd check - power supplies, feeder cables, hot
spots on cables - whatever. Divide and conquer- working back to a baseline
of known working conditions and eliminating causes.
My suggestion to you of a reinstall is partly designed to get you out of this
"X happens, I did Y, now I've got Z" - to get to a known initial state.
Take out all the serial converters to UPS, lathe and so on. Wireless keyboard
doesn't present as serial in the same way that brltty does - if it did, I'd
have brltty with every install on this laptop.
Copy off your home directory as you did before - maybe using tar.gz and
preserving permissions. Start with the .iso that includes firmware - the
unofficial one.
Build back slowly - do an expert text mode install if you can. Then add your
Trinity desktop - I don't think any of us can help you there, since we don't
run trinity.
Check and you should find that brltty isn't installed at all. Then re-add
thingsgradually until you have the working system you want. Document it - write
down
the steps you take / copy configuration files you change.
That will also reveal logging / login slowdowns or whatever caused by
individual devices as you add them back. Keep a list as you go.
That's the counsel of perfection: alternatively:
apt rdepends brltty gives me:
me@mymachine:~$ apt rdepends brltty
brltty
Reverse Depends:
Suggests: speechd-el (>= 3.7.2)
Depends: brltty-espeak (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
Suggests: orca
Depends: brltty-x11 (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
Depends: brltty-speechd (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
Depends: brltty-flite (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
You could try apt-get remove (or equivalent) on each of those packages and
see if that clears it. I _know_ this is frustrating as all get out for you
but a clear approach, written down so that you can remember where you got
to will be very helpful.
Any attempt to remove cura or brltty, removes gnome leaving me I assume with a
text only system by the time gnome takes all its dependency's with it. Thanks
Tom.
Have you actually tried uninstalling brltty only, as a separate action from all
others?
I have a number of gnome installations, unfortunately for this discussion all
bookworm. None of them has brltty.
I have a few installations of bullseye and an older stretch installation, but none with gnome
installed. On all of them, though, "apt-rdepends -r gnome" fails to list brltty as a
gnome dependency. And on the bookworm systems, simulated installation of gnome ("apt install
-s gnome") shows brltty as a suggested package only and would not install it along with gnome;
on the stretch system, gnome installation makes no reference at all to brltty.
While I have both with only the radio buttons for keyboard and rodent plugged
into usb at install time. I have only one wired keyboard and no wired mice as
I've had a lightning strike on the pole that serves this house reach up and tap
me by way of my fingers on the keyboard. Wasn't that much of a tap, I've been
tapped a lot harder that that, hard enough to trigger a 6 month round of
shingles and the burns were months healing. And in this case did not damage the
keyboard or computer, but I did get the message. I've had many strikes on that
pole since I built a garage on the end of the house, which caused me to install
a 200 amp service and bring my grounding specs up to NEC. Zero problems since
then (2008)
Is it possible you have apt settings that automatically pull in suggested
packages, and that is interfering with attempts to remove brltty? I am not
expert enough wrt apt and its relatives to know whether that even makes sense,
and it seems a bit far fetched if maybe barely possible.
Maybe if you post the output from "apt-rdepends -r brltty" and "apt purge --simulate
brltty" it will be informative.
Neither of those utils are installed. Should they be?
apt should be installed. As far as I know it has been included by default in
the Debian base system as the preferred command line package management program
since buster or earlier. I have never had to install it. You probably should if
it is missing.
apt-rdepends is at least partly redundant with apt.
The command "apt-rdepends -r ", and "apt rdepends " both
show reverse dependencies of ; the latter also shows suggestions (packages that suggest
Regards,
Tom Dial
If all
Re: about 10th new install of bullseye
On 6/5/24 19:53, gene heskett wrote:
On 6/5/24 17:25, Tom Dial wrote:
On 6/5/24 08:58, gene heskett wrote:
On 6/5/24 02:05, Tom Dial wrote:
On 6/4/24 04:26, gene heskett wrote:
On 2/19/22 06:31, Andrew M.A. Cater wrote:
Hi Gene,
If this was someone calling you from a TV station saying they had a TV
transmitter that was varying in power output - you'd have a mental checklist.
You'd get down there, perhaps schedule some sort of power down / reduced
power operation and then you'd check - power supplies, feeder cables, hot
spots on cables - whatever. Divide and conquer- working back to a baseline
of known working conditions and eliminating causes.
My suggestion to you of a reinstall is partly designed to get you out of this
"X happens, I did Y, now I've got Z" - to get to a known initial state.
Take out all the serial converters to UPS, lathe and so on. Wireless keyboard
doesn't present as serial in the same way that brltty does - if it did, I'd
have brltty with every install on this laptop.
Copy off your home directory as you did before - maybe using tar.gz and
preserving permissions. Start with the .iso that includes firmware - the
unofficial one.
Build back slowly - do an expert text mode install if you can. Then add your
Trinity desktop - I don't think any of us can help you there, since we don't
run trinity.
Check and you should find that brltty isn't installed at all. Then re-add
thingsgradually until you have the working system you want. Document it - write
down
the steps you take / copy configuration files you change.
That will also reveal logging / login slowdowns or whatever caused by
individual devices as you add them back. Keep a list as you go.
That's the counsel of perfection: alternatively:
apt rdepends brltty gives me:
me@mymachine:~$ apt rdepends brltty
brltty
Reverse Depends:
Suggests: speechd-el (>= 3.7.2)
Depends: brltty-espeak (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
Suggests: orca
Depends: brltty-x11 (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
Depends: brltty-speechd (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
Depends: brltty-flite (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
You could try apt-get remove (or equivalent) on each of those packages and
see if that clears it. I _know_ this is frustrating as all get out for you
but a clear approach, written down so that you can remember where you got
to will be very helpful.
Any attempt to remove cura or brltty, removes gnome leaving me I assume with a
text only system by the time gnome takes all its dependency's with it. Thanks
Tom.
Have you actually tried uninstalling brltty only, as a separate action from all
others?
I have a number of gnome installations, unfortunately for this discussion all
bookworm. None of them has brltty.
I have a few installations of bullseye and an older stretch installation, but none with gnome
installed. On all of them, though, "apt-rdepends -r gnome" fails to list brltty as a
gnome dependency. And on the bookworm systems, simulated installation of gnome ("apt install
-s gnome") shows brltty as a suggested package only and would not install it along with gnome;
on the stretch system, gnome installation makes no reference at all to brltty.
While I have both with only the radio buttons for keyboard and rodent plugged
into usb at install time. I have only one wired keyboard and no wired mice as
I've had a lightning strike on the pole that serves this house reach up and tap
me by way of my fingers on the keyboard. Wasn't that much of a tap, I've been
tapped a lot harder that that, hard enough to trigger a 6 month round of
shingles and the burns were months healing. And in this case did not damage the
keyboard or computer, but I did get the message. I've had many strikes on that
pole since I built a garage on the end of the house, which caused me to install
a 200 amp service and bring my grounding specs up to NEC. Zero problems since
then (2008)
Is it possible you have apt settings that automatically pull in suggested
packages, and that is interfering with attempts to remove brltty? I am not
expert enough wrt apt and its relatives to know whether that even makes sense,
and it seems a bit far fetched if maybe barely possible.
Maybe if you post the output from "apt-rdepends -r brltty" and "apt purge --simulate
brltty" it will be informative.
Neither of those utils are installed. Should they be?
apt should be installed. As far as I know it has been included by default in
the Debian base system as the preferred command line package management program
since buster or earlier. I have never had to install it. You probably should if
it is missing.
apt-rdepends is at least partly redundant with apt.
The command "apt-rdepends -r ", and "apt rdepends " both
show reverse dependencies of ; the latter also shows suggestions (packages that suggest
Regards,
Tom Dial
If all else fails, you can then share it with the list and say "I got to
st
Re: about 10th new install of bullseye
On 6/5/24 08:58, gene heskett wrote:
On 6/5/24 02:05, Tom Dial wrote:
On 6/4/24 04:26, gene heskett wrote:
On 2/19/22 06:31, Andrew M.A. Cater wrote:
Hi Gene,
If this was someone calling you from a TV station saying they had a TV
transmitter that was varying in power output - you'd have a mental checklist.
You'd get down there, perhaps schedule some sort of power down / reduced
power operation and then you'd check - power supplies, feeder cables, hot
spots on cables - whatever. Divide and conquer- working back to a baseline
of known working conditions and eliminating causes.
My suggestion to you of a reinstall is partly designed to get you out of this
"X happens, I did Y, now I've got Z" - to get to a known initial state.
Take out all the serial converters to UPS, lathe and so on. Wireless keyboard
doesn't present as serial in the same way that brltty does - if it did, I'd
have brltty with every install on this laptop.
Copy off your home directory as you did before - maybe using tar.gz and
preserving permissions. Start with the .iso that includes firmware - the
unofficial one.
Build back slowly - do an expert text mode install if you can. Then add your
Trinity desktop - I don't think any of us can help you there, since we don't
run trinity.
Check and you should find that brltty isn't installed at all. Then re-add
thingsgradually until you have the working system you want. Document it - write
down
the steps you take / copy configuration files you change.
That will also reveal logging / login slowdowns or whatever caused by
individual devices as you add them back. Keep a list as you go.
That's the counsel of perfection: alternatively:
apt rdepends brltty gives me:
me@mymachine:~$ apt rdepends brltty
brltty
Reverse Depends:
Suggests: speechd-el (>= 3.7.2)
Depends: brltty-espeak (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
Suggests: orca
Depends: brltty-x11 (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
Depends: brltty-speechd (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
Depends: brltty-flite (= 6.3+dfsg-1+deb11u1)
You could try apt-get remove (or equivalent) on each of those packages and
see if that clears it. I _know_ this is frustrating as all get out for you
but a clear approach, written down so that you can remember where you got
to will be very helpful.
Any attempt to remove cura or brltty, removes gnome leaving me I assume with a
text only system by the time gnome takes all its dependency's with it. Thanks
Tom.
Have you actually tried uninstalling brltty only, as a separate action from all
others?
I have a number of gnome installations, unfortunately for this discussion all
bookworm. None of them has brltty.
I have a few installations of bullseye and an older stretch installation, but none with gnome
installed. On all of them, though, "apt-rdepends -r gnome" fails to list brltty as a
gnome dependency. And on the bookworm systems, simulated installation of gnome ("apt install
-s gnome") shows brltty as a suggested package only and would not install it along with gnome;
on the stretch system, gnome installation makes no reference at all to brltty.
Is it possible you have apt settings that automatically pull in suggested
packages, and that is interfering with attempts to remove brltty? I am not
expert enough wrt apt and its relatives to know whether that even makes sense,
and it seems a bit far fetched if maybe barely possible.
Maybe if you post the output from "apt-rdepends -r brltty" and "apt purge --simulate
brltty" it will be informative.
Regards,
Tom Dial
If all else fails, you can then share it with the list and say "I got to
step X with no problems, then Y happened - help me out here" and we'll
have some better idea. We all jib at you for being vague/not indluding
details but otherwise it is all just guesswork for the usual folk that
hang out here.
All the very best, as ever,
Andy Cater
How much longer till trixie is officially out?? What you are proposing sounds like several days work, and i have other irons in the fire. This release has been such a disaster for me because the install insists on installing and configuring orca and brltty w/o asking. I've done 40 some installs now, trying to stop it from wasting about a second while its yelling every keystroke at me because it thinks I'm blind. I finally have orca disabled and the computer is useful. The delays are a pain in the a$$ but i can do work now. It is not useful when orca is using 90% of a 6 core I5 yelling at me loud enough to announce and pronounce every keystroke or mouse motion/click loud enough to wake the neighbors. The first 23 installs never asked me if I wanted that crap. And if you nuked the orca executable it would not reboot but hung forever waiting for orca to start. I have it usable, the installer AFAIAC is broken and I don't want to have to go through all that again. Until the
installer ASKS me if I want it because it thinks I am blind, I have only one
Re: about 10th new install of bullseye
Reverse Depends: gnome (>= 1:3.38+3) Reverse Depends: gnome-orca (3.38.2-2) Reverse Depends: orca-sops (1.0.2-2) gnome gnome-orca orca-sops So removing orca would also take gnome, and that probably is unacceptable to you. Accordingly, you need to tame orca to find the process that causes it to run and persuade it not to do that. I found, on a bookworm install (I have no bullseye with gnome and orca), that running orca -s from a terminal will bring up a settings panel with a check box for "Enable speech" under the "Speech" tab. Unchecking that box and selecting the "Apply" button will silence Orca. I think that leaves some of its subtasks running, as children of the systemd --user task; I am far from expert here. They do not seem to use significant resources, however. Alternatively, you can find orca's process, for instance, with "ps -ef | grep orca", and kill it. The -HUP signal is enough. Or you can kill its parent process (third column in the ps -ef output) if it is not a necessary one, or maybe teach it how to not start orca in the first place, I hope this is useful. Things like this can be very annoying. Regards, Tom Dial . Cheers, Gene Heskett, CET.
Re: last(1) missing after upgrade from 12.5 to sid (util-linux 2.38.1 to 2.40.1-4)
June 3, 2024 at 9:09 PM, t...@tommiller.us wrote: > > Hello! > > last(1) seems to have disappeared following an upgrade from 12.5 to sid. > > More info is shown below. What is my mistake? Or, could it be a bug? > > Please send me copies of replies since I am not subscribed to this list. > > Thanks for your help! > > Best! > > Tom > > <8> > > # Prior to upgrade, last(1) is present in 12.5 > > root@lol ~ # cat /etc/debian_version > > 12.5 > > root@lol ~ # which last > > /usr/bin/last > > root@lol ~ # last --version > > last from util-linux 2.38.1 > > root@lol ~ # > > # Update, upgrade, and reboot 12.5 to prepare for sid > > root@lol ~ # apt-get update && apt-get full-upgrade -y > > [reboot] > > root@lol ~ # last --version > > last from util-linux 2.38.1 > > root@lol ~ # > > # Edit sources.list > > root@lol ~ # cat /etc/apt/sources.list > > deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free > non-free-firmware > > deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free > non-free-firmware > > root@lol ~ # > > # Snips from command line during upgrade from 12.5 to sid > > root@lol ~ # apt-get update && apt-get full-upgrade -y > > Get:215 http://deb.debian.org/debian unstable/main amd64 util-linux amd64 > 2.40.1-4 [1,210 kB] > > Get:216 http://deb.debian.org/debian unstable/main amd64 util-linux-extra > amd64 2.40.1-4 [262 kB] > > Get:351 http://deb.debian.org/debian unstable/main amd64 util-linux-locales > all 2.40.1-4 [2,897 kB] > > Preparing to unpack .../util-linux_2.40.1-4_amd64.deb ... > > Unpacking util-linux (2.40.1-4) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ... > > Setting up util-linux (2.40.1-4) ... > > fstrim.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it. > > (Reading database ... 34837 files and directories currently installed.) > > Preparing to unpack .../util-linux-extra_2.40.1-4_amd64.deb ... > > Adding 'diversion of /sbin/ctrlaltdel to /sbin/ctrlaltdel.usr-is-merged by > util-linux-extra' > > Adding 'diversion of /sbin/fsck.cramfs to /sbin/fsck.cramfs.usr-is-merged by > util-linux-extra' > > Adding 'diversion of /sbin/fsck.minix to /sbin/fsck.minix.usr-is-merged by > util-linux-extra' > > Adding 'diversion of /sbin/mkfs.bfs to /sbin/mkfs.bfs.usr-is-merged by > util-linux-extra' > > Adding 'diversion of /sbin/mkfs.cramfs to /sbin/mkfs.cramfs.usr-is-merged by > util-linux-extra' > > Adding 'diversion of /sbin/mkfs.minix to /sbin/mkfs.minix.usr-is-merged by > util-linux-extra' > > Unpacking util-linux-extra (2.40.1-4) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ... > > Setting up util-linux-extra (2.40.1-4) ... > > (Reading database ... 34879 files and directories currently installed.) > > # last(1) seems gone even before reboot; still gone following reboot > > root@lol ~ # last --version > > -bash: /usr/bin/last: No such file or directory > > root@lol ~ # > > root@lol ~ # systemctl reboot > > root@lol ~ # cat /etc/debian_version > > trixie/sid > > root@lol ~ # which which > > /usr/bin/which > > root@lol ~ # which last > > root@lol ~ # man last > > No manual entry for last > > root@lol ~ # > > >8< > Thanks to the kind person who sent me: >8< root@lol ~ # zcat /usr/share/doc/util-linux/NEWS.Debian.gz util-linux (2.40.1-2) unstable; urgency=medium * last(1) has been split off to the wtmpdb package. If you find last(1) useful, please install wtmpdb and accept the default PAM configuration changes from libpam-wtmpdb. * lastb(1) is removed. Please see syslog/journal for failed login attempts. -- Chris Hofstaedtler Wed, 29 May 2024 23:52:19 +0200 root@lol ~ # >8<
last(1) missing after upgrade from 12.5 to sid (util-linux 2.38.1 to 2.40.1-4)
Hello! last(1) seems to have disappeared following an upgrade from 12.5 to sid. More info is shown below. What is my mistake? Or, could it be a bug? Please send me copies of replies since I am not subscribed to this list. Thanks for your help! Best! Tom <8> # Prior to upgrade, last(1) is present in 12.5 root@lol ~ # cat /etc/debian_version 12.5 root@lol ~ # which last /usr/bin/last root@lol ~ # last --version last from util-linux 2.38.1 root@lol ~ # # Update, upgrade, and reboot 12.5 to prepare for sid root@lol ~ # apt-get update && apt-get full-upgrade -y [reboot] root@lol ~ # last --version last from util-linux 2.38.1 root@lol ~ # # Edit sources.list root@lol ~ # cat /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free non-free-firmware deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free non-free-firmware root@lol ~ # # Snips from command line during upgrade from 12.5 to sid root@lol ~ # apt-get update && apt-get full-upgrade -y Get:215 http://deb.debian.org/debian unstable/main amd64 util-linux amd64 2.40.1-4 [1,210 kB] Get:216 http://deb.debian.org/debian unstable/main amd64 util-linux-extra amd64 2.40.1-4 [262 kB] Get:351 http://deb.debian.org/debian unstable/main amd64 util-linux-locales all 2.40.1-4 [2,897 kB] Preparing to unpack .../util-linux_2.40.1-4_amd64.deb ... Unpacking util-linux (2.40.1-4) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ... Setting up util-linux (2.40.1-4) ... fstrim.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it. (Reading database ... 34837 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../util-linux-extra_2.40.1-4_amd64.deb ... Adding 'diversion of /sbin/ctrlaltdel to /sbin/ctrlaltdel.usr-is-merged by util-linux-extra' Adding 'diversion of /sbin/fsck.cramfs to /sbin/fsck.cramfs.usr-is-merged by util-linux-extra' Adding 'diversion of /sbin/fsck.minix to /sbin/fsck.minix.usr-is-merged by util-linux-extra' Adding 'diversion of /sbin/mkfs.bfs to /sbin/mkfs.bfs.usr-is-merged by util-linux-extra' Adding 'diversion of /sbin/mkfs.cramfs to /sbin/mkfs.cramfs.usr-is-merged by util-linux-extra' Adding 'diversion of /sbin/mkfs.minix to /sbin/mkfs.minix.usr-is-merged by util-linux-extra' Unpacking util-linux-extra (2.40.1-4) over (2.38.1-5+deb12u1) ... Setting up util-linux-extra (2.40.1-4) ... (Reading database ... 34879 files and directories currently installed.) # last(1) seems gone even before reboot; still gone following reboot root@lol ~ # last --version -bash: /usr/bin/last: No such file or directory root@lol ~ # root@lol ~ # systemctl reboot root@lol ~ # cat /etc/debian_version trixie/sid root@lol ~ # which which /usr/bin/which root@lol ~ # which last root@lol ~ # man last No manual entry for last root@lol ~ # >8<
Re: Bookworm and its kernel: any updates coming?
On Mon, Jun 3, 2024 at 09:15 Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote: > On 3 Jun 2024 08:40 -0500, from tom.brow...@gmail.com (Tom Browder): > > I keep getting emails concerning the serious kernel vulnerability in > > kernels 5.14 through 6.6. > > > > I have not seen any updates and uname -a shows: 6.1.0-13-amd64 > > Something's broken on your end. > > Bookworm is currently at ABI 6.1.0-21 / kernel 6.1.90-1 since May 6 Michael, on one my hosts I discovered both 13 and 21 pkgs are installed. I did a reboot and I get uname -a = 6.1.0-21-amd4; I must have missed a msg at some point. Thanks for your concern and help. -Tom
Re: Bookworm and its kernel: any updates coming?
On Mon, Jun 3, 2024 at 09:15 Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote: ... > > I have not seen any updates and uname -a shows: 6.1.0-13-amd64 > ... > Something's broken on your end. ... Check your apt pins to ensure that you're not > blocking too much. Thanks, Michael. My system is a remote host, and I'm in the process of a reinstall on one. If I correctly read the links you sent, the latest kernel has that CVE covered. But another remote host seems to have the same problem. Each host comes from a different provider and had slightly different default pinnings in '/etc/apt/sources.list'. I'll double-check my pinnings. -Tom
Bookworm and its kernel: any updates coming?
I keep getting emails concerning the serious kernel vulnerability in kernels 5.14 through 6.6. I have not seen any updates and uname -a shows: 6.1.0-13-amd64 Anyone concerned? -Tom
Re: Solution for KVM via a cat 5 connection
On Mon, May 27, 2024 at 17:47 Stefan Monnier wrote: > > Has anyone had experience using a KVM setup (at least one HDMI and two > USB > > ports) and using cat 5/6/7 between user and the computer? I don’t need > to > > handle multiple computers or high-def video movies, just programming and > > office work. I need a bit more distance from my computer which must stay > in > > a closet, and conventional KVM equipment won’t work. > > You can do it without KVM, but using another computer connected to your > screen/keyboard/etc... Thanks, Stefan. That is a good solution. Best regards, -Tom
Solution for KVM via a cat 5 connection
Has anyone had experience using a KVM setup (at least one HDMI and two USB ports) and using cat 5/6/7 between user and the computer? I don’t need to handle multiple computers or high-def video movies, just programming and office work. I need a bit more distance from my computer which must stay in a closet, and conventional KVM equipment won’t work. If so, I would appreciate knowing what brand and model devices you are using. Thanks so much. -Tom
Re: selinux on bookworm
On 5/17/24 02:02, George at Clug wrote: Is AppArmor already installed and running? It is on my system, maybe this would conflict with SeLinux? # aa-status https://wiki.debian.org/AppArmor/HowToUse Disable AppArmor AppArmor is a security mechanism and disabling it is not recommended. If you really need to disable AppArmor on your system: https://reintech.io/blog/securing-debian-12-with-selinux By default, Debian comes with AppArmor, another security module, so you may need to switch to SELinux manually. Here's how you can enable SELinux on your Debian 12 system: |sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install selinux-basics selinux-policy-default auditd | George. On Friday, 17-05-2024 at 14:49 Antonio Russo wrote: Hello, I'm trying to get selinux working on a fresh, gui-free installation of bookworm. I'm not trying to run any servers, nor use standard desktop utilities (yet). I was hoping this setup would be simple enough that selinux would be simple to get going. I'm following [1], which is very straightforward. The problem I'm getting is that it seems woefully incomplete. I cannot even login (com="agetty" is showing up in audit2why). Now, obviously, I could follow the instructions and use audit2allow, and go down the rabbit hole for configuring policies. But, really? No one has fixed the login-at-the-console use case? I'm sure I must be doing something wrong. All I've really done is: apt-get install selinux-basics selinux-policy-default auditd selinux-activate (reboot) At this point, you should be running in permissive mode. And you should run either audit2why to identify conditions that may (as you have found) cause operational problems. (set enforcing=1 in grub) update-grub touch /.autorelabel Unless you made changes, relabeling should not be necessary here. The above is done by running selinux-activate without the argument "disable". (reboot) And then I cannot log in. Going back and unsetting enforcing=1 in grub, and I can use audit2why. Does anyone who actually uses selinux have any hints? Post in this thread the complete output of "audit2why --boot" - this will show all enforcement errors since the most recent boot. Without that information it is unlikely that anyone can offer detailed advice about fixing things. Using audit2allow will produce a corresponding file you can use to prepare a local module to permit those things that cause problems. It is a text file that is input to the module compiler, so you can remove items that you want to disallow before compiling and installing a corrective module. See the instructions in [1] at #7. Best, Antonio [1] https://wiki.debian.org/SELinux/Setup <https://wiki.debian.org/SELinux/Setup> It probably is a good idea to disable apparmor if you're going to use SELinux. The kernel interface is supposed to be compatible with either or both security modules, but only one really should be necessary and, without intending to spawn a flame war, I will put forward my opinion that the SELinux security model is superior to that of AppArmor. The latter has the advantage of being the distribution default, but I have not found SELinux especially hard to administer on a stable Debian system, apart from the fact that it comes with a learning curve. Regards, Tom Dial
Re: realpath quoting
On Fri, May 3, 2024 at 21:43 David Christensen wrote: ... > My practice is to start with '#!/bin/sh' and migrate to '#!/usr/bin/env > perl' as complexity increases. I agree with David's direction, but ending with Raku instead of Perl. I don't think golfing is the way to illustrate a practical solution, so I show a short Raku script: $ cat read.raku #!/usr/bin/env raku my $a = "name with spaces"; my $b = "name\nwith newline"; say "file 1: |$a|"; say "file 2: |$b|"; And executing it: $ ./read.raku file 1: |name with spaces| file 2: |name with newlines| With Raku, it's easy to search the directory for the weird file names, open them, and use their contents. Raku also has many built-in quoting constructs to suit any situation. I'll be happy to demo any of that here. Best regards, -Tom
Re: Reportbug Assisance
Just reminding whomever checks this mailbox, that I am still awaiting an answer to this question here. Thanks, On Mon, Feb 26, 2024 at 10:49 PM Tom wrote: > I originally filed this bug with the KDE team, but they asked me to file > with Debian. There was a decent amount of discussion which I will link > here: https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=481746. I need to know how to > file this bug. Will I be filing under a package or one of the other > categories? > > Thanks >
Reportbug Assisance
I originally filed this bug with the KDE team, but they asked me to file with Debian. There was a decent amount of discussion which I will link here: https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=481746. I need to know how to file this bug. Will I be filing under a package or one of the other categories? Thanks
Re: man page for cut
Richmond writes: > In the man page for cut it says: > > -b, --bytes=LIST > select only these bytes > > But there is no equals sign in the actual syntax: > > echo hello|cut -b 2-5 > ello > > echo hello|cut -b=2-5 > cut: invalid byte/character position ‘=2-5’ > Try 'cut --help' for more information. > > Why is this? The equals sign is used with the long-form option, not the short-form.
Re: No Release file for Security Update
Thomas George writes: > deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-security main non-free > non-free-firmware > Err:5 http://ftp.debian.org/debian bookworm-security Release > 404 Not Found [IP: 151.101. Your source is incorrect. The security repo is at "http://security.debian.org/debian-security;.
Re: /mnt usage
hw writes: > /tmp is volatile nowadays and not temporary. That's particularly Volatile storage is, by definition, temporary. > braindead when you want Libreoffice to be able to recover files after > a crash, which, by default, autosaves in /tmp. /tmp is a terrible place to store recovery data, it's supposed to be used for transient data, not stuff you might be concerned about getting back later. Perhaps somewhere under ~/.local would be more appropriate on a modern system.
Re: How to prevent rtkit from giving firefox higher priority?
hw writes: >> > > It says 'made thread ... (at nice level 0) owned by 1000'. This is > inconclusive at best: The thread is obviously _at_ some nice level or > _at_ some priority and was made owned by 1000. > > If it had changed the priority it should say that, but it doesn't. It does say that. Perhaps insertings commas of hyphens into the log entry would have made the statement easier to parse. e.g: rtkit-daemon[132284]: Successfully made thread 145442 of process 145185 (/usr/lib64/firefox/firefox), owned by '1000', RT at priority 10. or rtkit-daemon[132284]: Successfully made thread 145442 of process 145185 (/usr/lib64/firefox/firefox) - owned by '1000' - RT at priority 10. So, it has changed the priority of a process which is owned by UID 1000.
Re: smartctl cannot access my storage, need syntax help
Felix Miata writes: > /dev/sdc 18 /dev/disk/by-id/usb-Brother_MFC-J6920DW_BROG5F229909-0:0 # > How does a printer get a storage device assignment??? By having some kind of SD card slot or similar.
Re: How to prevent rtkit from giving firefox higher priority?
hw writes: > Aren't there going to be lots of problems with things not working when > you don't have dbus? Fewer than when things don't work when you *do* have dbus, apparently ;) There doesn't seem to be an overwhelming need for it once you step away from the DE's.
Re: nftables firewall question: matching udp in ipv6
Ralph Aichinger writes:
> I am currently fighting with the following problem: I've got a system
> that has 3 relevant interfaces: ppp0, en0 and en2, for external,
> internal and dmz respectively.
>
> The dmz is IPv6 only, a homelab testbed more or less.
>
> I've got the follwing rules in /etc/nftables.conf for ipv6 (i am
> abreviating the chain input, because i am only fighting with
> forwarding):
>
> table ip6 filter {
> chain input {
> ...
> }
>
>
> chain forward {
> type filter hook forward priority 0; policy drop;
>
> iifname ppp0 oifname en0 ct state established,related accept
> iifname en0 oifname ppp0 accept
>
> iifname en2 oifname ppp0 accept
> iifname ppp0 oifname en2 accept
>
> iifname en0 oifname en2 accept
> iifname en2 oifname en0 ct state established,related accept
>
> meta l4proto ipv6-icmp accept
>
>
> }
> }
>
> What does not work, and this puzzles me, is that UDP does not work.
> E.g. if I lookup a DNS name in my dmz (connected to en2), I see no
> udp packets if i start tcpdump on the external interface ppp0. I see
> them entering on en2.
>
Where is the DNS server the dmz host is resolving against? In your dmz,
your internal network, on the firewall machine, outside? You may have
other input/output rules that are interfering, but since you've abridged
your ruleset we have no way of knowing.
Re: Installing Debian on an old Asus EEE PC
Eric S Fraga writes: > anybody here have any experience installing a recent(-ish) version of > Debian on an Asus EEE PC? This is a small notebook sized laptop with > Celeron cpu and little space & memory. I've just found one in one of > my boxes and thought I'd see if I can make use of it. It's currently > running with a 2.x kernel! I'm currently running bookworm on an Atom based EeeBook (x205ta), it has 2G RAM, and 30G storage. The only hurdle I've found is getting internal sound to work (chtrt5645), though HDMI output is fine, I'm sure I simply haven't found the right combination of switches to flip. Having said that, I'm no expert on Linux audio. I wouldn't attempt to run a modern DE on this system, but it seems happy with OpenBox. Even Firefox, Chromium, LibreOffice, etc. are usable - if not perhaps the smoothest experience. Cheers, Tom
Re: Test
Pocket writes: > On 12/22/23 16:08, Tixy wrote: >> On Fri, 2023-12-22 at 12:15 -0500, Pocket wrote: >>> This is a test of the emergency broadcast system >> Please stop spamming the 1000 or so people subscribed to this list. > > I am not spamming this list I am trying to determine if my email setup > is working. We have no desire to be subject to your testing. Test somewhere appropriate, not on a widespread mailing list.
Re: Zoom on Bookworm?
On 12/19/23 02:53, John Conover wrote: Does the Zoom client work on Bookworm with pipewire? Zoom works fine on Bookworm using mainstream Logitech camera/microphone. It coexists with pipewire on the system where I use it, but does not show that as a dependency. Installing it will drag in its dependencies, if they are not installed. Dpkg --info for the current Debian install file shows: new Debian package, version 2.0. size 181054970 bytes: control archive=34820 bytes. 1329 bytes,18 lines control 122532 bytes, 1403 lines md5sums 593 bytes,18 lines * postinst #!/bin/bash 226 bytes,11 lines * postrm #!/bin/bash Package: zoom Version: 5.17.0.1682 License: see https://www.zoom.us/ Vendor: Zoom Video Communications, Inc. Architecture: amd64 Maintainer: Zoom Linux Team <https://support.zoom.us> Installed-Size: 654828 Depends: libglib2.0-0, libxcb-keysyms1, libxcb-xinerama0, libdbus-1-3, libxcb-shape0, libxcb-shm0, libxcb-xfixes0, libxcb-randr0, libxcb-image0, libfontconfig1, libxi6, libsm6, libxrender1, libpulse0, libxcomposite1, libxslt1.1, libsqlite3-0, libxcb-xtest0, libxtst6, ibus, libxkbcommon-x11-0, desktop-file-utils, libgbm1, libdrm2, libxcb-cursor0, libxcb-icccm4, libfreetype6 (>= 2.6), libgbm1 (>= 17.1.0~rc2) Recommends: libegl1-mesa, libgl1-mesa-glx Section: default Priority: optional Homepage: https://www.zoom.us Description: Zoom Cloud Meetings Zoom brings people together to connect and get more done in a frictionless, secure video environment. Our easy, reliable, and innovative video-first solutions provide video meetings and chat, with additional options for webinars and phone service. . Zoom is the leading unified communications platform and helps individuals, schools, healthcare professionals and enterprises stay connected. Visit blog.zoom.us and follow @zoom_us. . By installing this app, you agree to our Terms of Service (https://zoom.us/terms) and Privacy Statement (https://zoom.us/privacy). As with any product, it always is a wise to consider the terms of use and other legal documentation and exercise discretion. If you decide to use it, I use (as root) apt install zoom_amd64.deb It installs under /opt except for a symbolic link /usr/bin/zoom -> /opt/zoom/ZoomLauncher Regards, Tom Dial Thanks, John
Re: raid10 is killing me, and applications that aren't willing towait for it to respond
gene heskett writes: > It is a separate 6 port sata controller because the mobo is out of > ports. There is no obvious lag during bios post or grub booting it. That *should* rule out DNS then, unless something really strange is going on. What does mdadm tell you about the raid device, and its component devices? Is the filesystem on the raid healthy? Cheers, Tom
Re: raid10 is killing me, and applications that aren't willing to wait for it to respond
gene heskett writes: > I thought I was doing things right a year back when I built a raid10 > for my /home partition. but I'm tired of fighting with it for > access. Anything that wants to open a file on it, is subjected to a > freeze of at least 30 seconds BEFORE the file requester is drawn on > screen. Once it has done the screen draw and the path is established, Where is the raid10 located and how is it interfaced to the device you're accessing it from? That delay, along with other things you mentioned suggests (but this is only a guess without other relevant information) a DNS timeout. Cheers, Tom
Re: From which kernel should I upgrade my installed Debian to linux-image-6.1.0-15-amd64?
Kevin Price writes: > 6.1.0-15 brought not only the ext4-bugfix, but along with it introduced > a terrible new bug: Most computers work fine with -15, except for some > of those that have wifi, depending upon the driver. There was a certain > change in Linux's cfg80211 kernel module, which controls wifi. This very > change was adopted in debian's hastily released 6.1.0-15. Whichever > computer is affected, then not only loses wifi, but becomes virtually > unusable, unable to perform simple tasks, such as even to properly shut > down. So -15 is useless for a number of users. Expect blogposts about > that as well. Do we know yet which wifi drivers are "troublesome"? I haven't seen anything concrete yet anywhere. Cheers, Tom
Re: Boot Problem
"Stephen P. Molnar" writes: > On 12/05/2023 12:47 PM, Tom Furie wrote: >> "Stephen P. Molnar" writes: >> >>> I have Bookworm installed on a 1TB SSD. When I attempted logging this >>> morning I failed! Rather than opening my XFCE desktop I was sent back >>> tot he login screen, over and over and . I got the >> When you say "back to the login screen", do you mean back to a graphical >> login screen, or to a text console login screen? >> > Xfce4 graphical login screen Then the problem is not a display issue, but something wrong in loading the desktop. I don’t use XFCE, but hopefully this means dead-end lines of enquiry such as display drivers are halted, and that someone with XFCE experience can chime in and offer advice.
Re: Recommended simple PDF viewer to replace Evince
On Tue, Dec 5, 2023 at 7:12 AM Mike Castle wrote: ... > You could be missing a package that evince expects to be there, but > there is a missing dependency (likely, making it a Debian problem). I think you're onto something. I installed both Okular and Xpdf, exercised them, and remembered why I wasn't fond of them. I just removed them both and Evince no longer is putting out the error messages. Sounds like a Debian bug as you said. > However, there is another site listed in the man page: > https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/evince/issues , and that does appear to That works great, thanks! I'm so glad it's still being maintained. > Chrome supports PDFs natively. Also, before I started using evince, I > used to use gv (based on ghostview) quite a bit.. Yes, I used gv and gvv a lot when I was developing PostScript products heavily. They were very useful. > The following seems to list most of the various programs discussed in this > thread, plus a > couple of others: > apt-cache search pdf-viewer Thanks so much Mike! And also many thanks to all my Debian friends who answered. I think my side of this thread is done now. "Merry Christmas to all and t all a good night!" -Tom
Re: Boot Problem
"Stephen P. Molnar" writes: > I have Bookworm installed on a 1TB SSD. When I attempted logging this > morning I failed! Rather than opening my XFCE desktop I was sent back > tot he login screen, over and over and . I got the When you say "back to the login screen", do you mean back to a graphical login screen, or to a text console login screen?
Re: Found a liar
John Hasler writes: > Why did you install zsh and then immediately remove it? Or possibly: 1 - Install zsh 2 - switch to zsh 3 - uninstall zsh from within zsh.
Re: Recommended simple PDF viewer to replace Evince
On Mon, Dec 4, 2023 at 17:12 Tom Browder wrote: > I have used Evince as my PDF viewer and printer program for many I see I need to read the CUPS man page more closely. It looks like it has most all of the answers I need for my current situation. Thanks to all who responded. Happy Christmas! -Tom
Re: Recommended simple PDF viewer to replace Evince
On Tue, Dec 5, 2023 at 01:14 Marco Moock wrote: > Am 04.12.2023 um 17:12:28 Uhr schrieb Tom Browder: > > > I would like to use another program which is similar but has good > > documentation. I don't need a heavy duty program like LibreOffice, > > Just something for viewing and printing. > > Try xpdf, but be aware it doesn't support forms nor other special stuff > in PDF like video. I don't need heavy duty. Thanks, Marco. > -Tom
Re: Recommended simple PDF viewer to replace Evince
On Tue, Dec 5, 2023 at 02:06 Paul M Foster wrote: > On Mon, Dec 04, 2023 at 05:12:28PM -0600, Tom Browder wrote: > > > I have used Evince as my PDF viewer and printer program for many > > years. It still works, but it has been spitting out error messages for > > a very long time. to wit: > > > > (evince:81435): EvinceView-CRITICAL **: 16:44:57.520: \ > > ev_pixbuf_cache_set_selection_list: \ > > assertion 'EV_IS_PIXBUF_CACHE (pixbuf_cache)' failed > > > > The help option doesn't shed any light to me, but it does reference > > the website. However, every time I've tried the site throws an error. > > That also has been happening for a LONG time. > > > > I would like to use another program which is similar but has good > > documentation. I don't need a heavy duty program like LibreOffice, > > Just something for viewing and printing. > > > > A bonus would be one with documented CLI use with CUPS printers. > > > > Thanks for any recommendations. > > > > Best regards, > > > > -Tom > > > > I use xpdf, which is extremely simple and will allow printing. Don't think > it has a CLI interface. However, I would imagine that simply feeding a PDF > to the printer should work for printing. I could be wrong, though. When I mean CLI i want a means to **reliably** control settings for my CUPS printer. When I manually print via Evince It seems to sometimes change important settings like page scaling and orientation. And, if it wasn't obvious, the long-time lack of documentation for Evince is a major pain point. Thanks, Paul. -Tom
Re: time question, as in ntp?
On 12/4/23 02:43, gene heskett wrote: So the next question is, is ntpsec serving my time, or utc. This hdware clock is supposedly set to UTC, but what is ntpsec serving? It s/b serving UTC IMO. But I'm in the dark here, haven't had to fool with this in the last 24 years. I'm pretty sure your NTP server will be dealing UTC time; mine, running on a GPS, does, and all the the machines on the net stay in lockstep to within a few dozen microseconds most of the time. I think you have to figure out how to tell your printer driver to set its timezone to Eastern; it's not Debian (or Red Hat or HP-UX or Solaris) and I don't have any idea. If it were debian(-derived) you could say "dpkg-reconfigure tzdata" - might be worth a try. Or maybe consult the vendor. Regards, Tom Dial The current state is that the 3d printer has only a 169.254.x.y link-local address configured as a fallback. Which is now fixed. Thanks all. Cheers, Gene Heskett.
Re: Print flakes off mailing labels, use a fixative?
On Sun, Dec 3, 2023 at 19:36 David Christensen wrote: ... > Please confirm printer, toner cartridge, and labels are all HP. If so, > I would contact HP. HP printer and toner, Office Depot labels. I bought so hair spray and will try that. -Tom
Recommended simple PDF viewer to replace Evince
I have used Evince as my PDF viewer and printer program for many years. It still works, but it has been spitting out error messages for a very long time. to wit: (evince:81435): EvinceView-CRITICAL **: 16:44:57.520: \ ev_pixbuf_cache_set_selection_list: \ assertion 'EV_IS_PIXBUF_CACHE (pixbuf_cache)' failed The help option doesn't shed any light to me, but it does reference the website. However, every time I've tried the site throws an error. That also has been happening for a LONG time. I would like to use another program which is similar but has good documentation. I don't need a heavy duty program like LibreOffice, Just something for viewing and printing. A bonus would be one with documented CLI use with CUPS printers. Thanks for any recommendations. Best regards, -Tom
Re: ntpsec as server questions
gene heskett writes: > Mon Dec 4 15:47:44 UTC 2023 > Mon 04 Dec 2023 03:47:16 PM UTC > WTH? Where is that false 12 hour offset coming from? There's no offset. 15:00 UTC *is* 03:00 PM UTC ^^
Re: Isolated Web Co Session crash Firefox-ESR
On 12/3/23 01:00, jeremy ardley wrote: On 3/12/23 15:37, Phil Wyett wrote: Not to regurgitating info here, I will add a link below that will instruct how to adjust or disable oom-killer in a sensible manner if you wish to experiment (your choice and being cautious :-)) if it is in fact the oom-killer algorithm that is the main cause of your issue. The top output provided earlier seems to show nearly a gigabyte of swap, a tiny part of it used. You are right, though, that adding swap will not improve matters for long. A small amount of swap probably is a good idea to take care of occasional memory overcommitment. But on an interactive system, swap thrashing that may happen with a (or several) greedy enough processes will kill performance for everything that matters, and if one or more of them is leaking memory, adding swap (or even more memory) will only delay the collapse. As a reference point Isolated Web Co is an occasional annoyance here on machines with well over 64G memory. I kill it without mercy when it appears to be causing swap. Regards, Tom Dial The issue is not so much Isolated Web Co being terminated, but my entire Mate session being terminated. I wouldn't have too much problem if OOM-killer hit Firefox. I have done it myself when things got slow. However, I can't see any valid reason for the Mate session to be assassinated? Or at least be inevitable collateral damage.
Re: Print flakes off mailing labels, use a fixative?
On Sun, Dec 3, 2023 at 2:01 AM David Christensen wrote: > I would not put anything through a laser printer unless it is > specifically rated for laser printers. Applying fixative to printer > labels before printing sounds like a good way to damage your equipment. > If anything, apply the fixative after printing. Of course.
Re: Print flakes off mailing labels, use a fixative?
On Sat, Dec 2, 2023 at 5:17 PM Gareth Evans wrote: > Are your labels "laser" labels? Yes, DUAL INKJET and LASER -Tom
Re: Isolated Web Co Session crash Firefox-ESR
jeremy ardley writes: > I don't think it is actually a lack of memory. What I do see is all > the web browsers are up there on CPU along with nvidia-modeset. What do you consider to be "up there"? 4.3% (your highest CPU usage in this output) hardly seems to qualify as something to be concerned about. nvidia-modeset is consuming a whopping 0.7% CPU. I assume these numbers are while the system is operating normally and not when it starts to struggle. Why do you think heavy CPU load would cause the OOM killer to activate? Some precesses just don't appreciate having no swap available.
Re: Isolated Web Co Session crash Firefox-ESR
jeremy ardley writes: > I noticed my Firefox -esr browser becoming progressively more > sluggish. Then suddenly I was back to the system login screen > > This is not the first time this has happened although previously when > it started getting sluggish I killed all Firefox related process > > System logs show the start of the event. > > 2023-12-03T11:35:03.335043+08:00 client kernel: [3792101.257070] > Isolated Web Co invoked oom-killer: ^^ You're out of memory, the system started killing processes to keep itself alive. It tends not be particularly "smart" about what to kill.
Debian Bookworm cannot find Nvidia graphics card
Hi, I'm having considerable trouble finding a way of making my Debian Bookworm (laptop) installation locate and use my laptop's Nvidia graphics card. There are several 'how-tos' available online, but having tried one which resulted in me needing to reinstall Debian Bookworm I am reluctant to try any others. I am new to the Linux way of doing things and like your operating system very much, and gaining use of my laptop's full graphical power would make using your OS complete. I would be very grateful for any assistance at all that you can provide in getting my Nvidia card working. Many thanks, Tom Cullen
Re: Print flakes off mailing labels, use a fixative?
On Sat, Dec 2, 2023 at 3:03 PM Dan Ritter wrote: > Brother has all those features, plus BRScript/3 and ethernet. I > buy them for work where they tend to last about 8-10 years of high-volume > work. Thanks, Dan. I have owned a Brother between two of my HPs. I'll keep an eye out for one. Blessings to all. -Tom
Re: Print flakes off mailing labels, use a fixative?
On Sat, Dec 2, 2023 at 2:18 PM Donald Mac Dougall wrote: > My experience many years ago with HP laser printers was that if the print > flaked off > it was because the fuser roller wasn't hot enough to fuse the toner to the > paper. Yes, I've investigated that a bit. I had the same trouble with my labels at a local UPS store. The owner insisted his printers are in top shape. As I said, these are fresh labels and I don't have any trouble with printing on normal paper. I'll try a fixative for now. If I do need a new printer, I want another B laser, double sided-printing, copying, and scanning. Multiple paper trays for two sizes of paper would be nice. I have had great luck with HP over the years, but I'm open to suggestions. Thanks, Donald. -Tom
Print flakes off mailing labels, use a fixative?
I’ve had a print flaking problem with my old HP laser which has a fairly new toner cartridge. I have a set of brand new Office Depot labels. I intend to try a “fixative” on them to see if that will help. Any other suggestions? Thanks. Happy Christmas! -Tom
Re: packages listed vs. apt-rdepends --follow=Depends ...
Albretch Mueller writes: > How can you list just the direct dependencies? and how safe is it > downloading and installing only those via dpkg? 'apt depends ' would list the direct dependencies without recursion. Why do you want to download them individually and install directly with dpkg when apt can handle it all cleanly? Whatever it is you're trying to do, this feels like the wrong way to go about it... Cheers, Tom
Re: packages listed vs. apt-rdepends --follow=Depends ...
Albretch Mueller writes: > https://packages.debian.org/bullseye/wget > > shows 8 packages as "depends" > > dep: libc6 (>= 2.28) > dep: libgnutls30 (>= 3.7.0) > dep: libidn2-0 (>= 0.6) > dep: libnettle8 > dep: libpcre2-8-0 (>= 10.22) > dep: libpsl5 (>= 0.16.0) > dep: libuuid1 (>= 2.16) > dep: zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4) These are direct dependencies. > vs. 17 using apt-rdepends --follow=Depends: > > $ apt-rdepends --follow=Depends "wget" | grep --invert-match ^\ > Reading package lists... Done > Building dependency tree... Done > Reading state information... Done > wget > libc6 > libcrypt1 > libgcc-s1 > gcc-10-base > libgnutls30 > libgmp10 > libhogweed6 > libnettle8 > libidn2-0 > libunistring2 > libp11-kit0 > libffi7 > libtasn1-6 > libpcre2-8-0 > libpsl5 > libuuid1 > zlib1g This is a recursive search, also showing dependencies of dependencies, etc. Cheers, Tom
Re: didn't can use "fdisk"!
fuf writes: > Hello all. > I'm embarrassed because didn't can use "fdisk"! > I work as normal user, open the terminal, switch to "root" user but > get: > root@debian:/sbin# fdisk -l > bash: fdisk: command not found > > whereas: > root@debian:/sbin# ls -al > . > -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 169520 Mar 23 2023 fdisk It would seem that /sbin isn't in your $PATH. What method did you use to become root? Cheers, Tom
Re: debian-12.2.0-amd64-netinst.iso usb grub boot error "invalid buffer alignment"
Zenaan Harkness writes: > Attempting a fresh Debian stable install with > debian-12.2.0-amd64-netinst.iso (latest default amd64 boot image), `cp > deiban-...iso /dev/sdX; sync`, and rebooted to the usb stick with the You can't just copy the iso to the stick and get it to boot. This stick must have already had an image written to it, the leftovers of which is getting as far as GRUB. I noticed you posted a follow-up saying you're on Ubuntu - in which case you should be able to use dd to write the image to the stick. Cheers, Tom
Re: How to use dmsetuup?
On 11/8/23 03:20, gene heskett wrote: On 11/8/23 00:34, to...@tuxteam.de wrote: On Tue, Nov 07, 2023 at 07:19:40PM -0500, gene heskett wrote: [...] What do I do if a gpt partition table has already been made and an ext4 system is already installed? IOW just how "bare" a disk is needed? Is writing a null gpt sufficient? Hm. I may have missed something, but I've got the impression we are a second round through this: you just slap the LVM infrastructure over current data, it will overwrite what it needs to and mark the rest as free space. It just replaces what was before on disk. Sounds good. However I may go a different route. I have a not installed 2T WD-Black SN770 NVMe SSD, format 2280. This Asus prime z370-A II modo has two M2 sockets which the docs say both can use a 2280, but they operate differently w/o really explaining the difference. The one in the middle of the board, the A socket 2_2 looks like I have to pull the CPU and its radiator to be able to really get to it, and actually only shows how to install in the lower 2_1 socket which also has a heat sinking cover that must be removed & reinstalled. Is this then the preferred location, or is there an advantage to the other socket nearer the CPU?. This is a different question entirely. It /might/ warn you that you're about overwriting potentially valuable data, I don't remember. By my recollection, LVM operations DO NOT WARN. I might be wrong, but don't recommend the alternative. Use with care. But before I do yet another reinstall, 24th or so. two of the sata 2t's are installed, and I'm tempted to rsych the raid to one of them to see if reassigning /home to a copy of /home does away with this horrible lag I'm wanting to blame on the raid10. Unless, of course, the data is sensitive: in that case you want to zero (or better: random) it. Cheers Thank you. They are empty except for the ext4 install and if pvcreate just slams the new format regardless, I'll rsync the 2T /home back to the raid10, and unplug that controller before I put the install dvd in. I also have another sata controller, this one with all 16 ports installed.> And I just looked at tht pair, and acc gparted they have both been pvcreated, so I'll leave then alone and steal the dvd cable, puttin a new 2T drive if I can rig power to it. This mobo also claims to be able to do the intel version of a raid on its own sata ports. Does anyone here have experience doing that? Mixing hardware RAID with either LVM (or ZFS) has no benefit that I know of. ZFS guidance recommends against it. I suggest picking any one method to create your /home, carrying it through, and if you don't like the result, redo it with another. I've used LVM for more than 25 years on HP-UX and Linux with good results. I switched a few years back to ZFS for new installs, also with good results. Both are reliable, expandable, and easy to manage, albeit with learning curves. I haven't used hardware raid because the software ones are quite good enough, and they also have their learning curve. Regards, Tom Thanks Tomas Cheers, Gene Heskett.
Re: How to use dmsetuup?
On 11/7/23 17:19, gene heskett wrote: On 11/7/23 18:42, Tom Dial wrote: On 11/6/23 08:47, Franco Martelli wrote: On 03/11/23 at 17:27, gene heskett wrote: Greetings all; As usual, the man page may as well be written in swahili. The NDE syndrome, meaning No D-d Examples. I have those 2 2T SSD's with a gpt partition table on both, allocated as sdc1 and sdk1, formatted to ext4, named and labeled as lvm1 and lvm2. Temp mounted as sdc1 and sdk1 to /mnt/lvm1 and /mnt/lvm2 How do I create a single managed volume of labels lvm1 and lvm2 of these to make a single volume that I can then rsynch /home to it, then switch fstab to mount it as /home on a reboot? You do not put a file system on the partitions you are using as LVM physical volumes. And you do not mount them. What do I do if a gpt partition table has already been made and an ext4 system is already installed? IOW just how "bare" a disk is needed? Is writing a null gpt sufficient? Hi Gene, You can ignore them, or not, as you like. If you want, you could overwrite them with zeros or a pattern of your choice; I would not bother. Logical volume creation and mkfs operations on the logical volume(s) will replace them. Tom Thank you Tom. The rough procedure is Create LVM physical volumes on raw disk partitions using pvcreate (or lvm pvcreate) e. g., pvcreate /dev/sdc1 pvcreate /dev/sdk1 This gives you two physical volumes to use to create one or two volume groups Create an LVM volume group using vgcreate (or lvm vgcreate), e. g., vgcreate home-vg sdc1 sdk1 This gives you a volume group named "home-vg" with 4.4 TB raw storage in which you can create one or more logical volumes. Create the logical volumes you want. It appears you want only one, to mounted at /home. For instance, lvcreate --size 1024G -n home-volume home-vg will create a 1 TB logical volume, represented under dev by /dev/home-vg/home-volume Put a file system on the logical volume in the normal way, such as: mkfs -t ext4 /dev/home-vg/home-volume mount the new volume (and put it in /etc/fstab for mounting at boot: mount /dev/home-vg/home-volume /home Doing this probably will not give you what you want. (For instance, if I remember right, the entire logical volume would, in this case, wind up on the first-named physical volume vgcreate command.) The man pages for lvm and its subcommands offer a lot of options for things like storage allocation between/among multiple physical volumes that make up a volume group, the size of allocation units, such things as RAID level, and a large number of other properties. You probably know what you want, and from what I've seen on this list seem quite able to fish it up out of the man pages, some of which have usefully suggestive examples. OTOH, I would recommend ZFS for this based on experience with LVM and ZFS in both commercial (e. g., HP-UX and SolaRIS) and Linux environments. Both have learning curves that I would judge comparable, both are flexible and fairly easy to manage, and both are or can be highly resilient. On the whole, though, I prefer ZFS. Regards, Tom Dial How about to use debian-installer: burn the dvd image of Bookworm 12.2, put into the DVD drive then reboot the system. You have to choose "Expert Install" and it's all menu driven from RAID device creation to LVM logical device and logical volume names. I don't know if you can do that from debian-installer rescue disk mode. HTH kinds regards . Cheers, Gene Heskett.
Re: How to use dmsetuup?
On 11/6/23 08:47, Franco Martelli wrote: On 03/11/23 at 17:27, gene heskett wrote: Greetings all; As usual, the man page may as well be written in swahili. The NDE syndrome, meaning No D-d Examples. I have those 2 2T SSD's with a gpt partition table on both, allocated as sdc1 and sdk1, formatted to ext4, named and labeled as lvm1 and lvm2. Temp mounted as sdc1 and sdk1 to /mnt/lvm1 and /mnt/lvm2 How do I create a single managed volume of labels lvm1 and lvm2 of these to make a single volume that I can then rsynch /home to it, then switch fstab to mount it as /home on a reboot? You do not put a file system on the partitions you are using as LVM physical volumes. And you do not mount them. The rough procedure is Create LVM physical volumes on raw disk partitions using pvcreate (or lvm pvcreate) e. g., pvcreate /dev/sdc1 pvcreate /dev/sdk1 This gives you two physical volumes to use to create one or two volume groups Create an LVM volume group using vgcreate (or lvm vgcreate), e. g., vgcreate home-vg sdc1 sdk1 This gives you a volume group named "home-vg" with 4.4 TB raw storage in which you can create one or more logical volumes. Create the logical volumes you want. It appears you want only one, to mounted at /home. For instance, lvcreate --size 1024G -n home-volume home-vg will create a 1 TB logical volume, represented under dev by /dev/home-vg/home-volume Put a file system on the logical volume in the normal way, such as: mkfs -t ext4 /dev/home-vg/home-volume mount the new volume (and put it in /etc/fstab for mounting at boot: mount /dev/home-vg/home-volume /home Doing this probably will not give you what you want. (For instance, if I remember right, the entire logical volume would, in this case, wind up on the first-named physical volume vgcreate command.) The man pages for lvm and its subcommands offer a lot of options for things like storage allocation between/among multiple physical volumes that make up a volume group, the size of allocation units, such things as RAID level, and a large number of other properties. You probably know what you want, and from what I've seen on this list seem quite able to fish it up out of the man pages, some of which have usefully suggestive examples. OTOH, I would recommend ZFS for this based on experience with LVM and ZFS in both commercial (e. g., HP-UX and SolaRIS) and Linux environments. Both have learning curves that I would judge comparable, both are flexible and fairly easy to manage, and both are or can be highly resilient. On the whole, though, I prefer ZFS. Regards, Tom Dial How about to use debian-installer: burn the dvd image of Bookworm 12.2, put into the DVD drive then reboot the system. You have to choose "Expert Install" and it's all menu driven from RAID device creation to LVM logical device and logical volume names. I don't know if you can do that from debian-installer rescue disk mode. HTH kinds regards
Re: On folders vs. directories and history [was: how to compare...]
I’m comforted by this friendly discussion about the old days versus the modern generation by fellow old folks of pre-PC days. Sort of like an afternoon gathering at the Elks or the VFW. Thank you all. Blessings. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 09:27 Tom Browder wrote: > Every time I set up a new host, I have to jump through the hoops trying to On my main Debian 11 host I have found one formula that works for ssh logins as well as xterm login on a Mate desktop: I followed most of the formulas on the Debian wiki and suggestions made here plus some experimentation and did this: 1. Set my desired path for users in file /etc/environment $ cat /etc/environment PATH=/opt/rakudo/bin:/opt/rakudo/share/perl6/site/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin 2. I put the identical path in the usr PATH entry in file /etc/profile 3. I copied my .profile file to .xsessionrc. The result was, regardless of login method, as a normal user I had the same PATH (plus any changes from my ~/.profile file). 4. I modified the root PATH entry in file /etc/profile When I became root via "sudo -s" I got root's path from /etc/profile. When I became root via "sudo -i" I got the desired PATH change from root's ~/.profile. So far, I'm a happy camper! ANOTHER LESSON LEARNED While I was experimenting with the desktop settings, I stupidly and blindly added an exit line to cut out some 20-year old cruft in the end of the .profile file and all of a sudden I lost my xterms and couldn't find a way to edit the broken file. Fortunately, I had emacs as one of my menu items: I chose the GUI version and was able to repair the .profile file successfully. Maybe another editor would have worked, but I'm not going to experiment with that any time soon! -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 9:27 AM Tom Browder wrote: > > Every time I set up a new host, I have to jump through the hoops trying to > get the same PATH for > ordinary users as well as root... This Debian wiki doc pretty much details the information Greg has been giving us: https://wiki.debian.org/EnvironmentVariables Thanks, all! -Tom
Re: 12.2: fork() causing getline() to repeat stdin endlessly
On Wed, Oct 25, 2023 at 1:35 AM tom kronmiller wrote: > On Tue, Oct 24, 2023 at 12:02 PM Max Nikulin wrote: > >> On 24/10/2023 12:18, tom kronmiller wrote: >> > so I unbuffered stdin and that seemed to make it happy. >> It might be performance killer. Even fflush(NULL) before fork() may be >> better. >> > In the real program in question, it hardly matters. It is very heavily > compute-bound on inputs which are small. But flushing() the files seems a > better idea in general than unbuffering, so I changed it. (Still works.) > By the way, one last way to get in trouble: fflush(NULL) only flushes output files, so an explicit fflush(stdin) is still needed. "If the stream argument is NULL, fflush() flushes all open *output* streams" per the man page on my system.
Re: 12.2: fork() causing getline() to repeat stdin endlessly
On Tue, Oct 24, 2023 at 12:02 PM Max Nikulin wrote: > On 24/10/2023 12:18, tom kronmiller wrote: > > so I unbuffered stdin and that seemed to make it happy. > It might be performance killer. Even fflush(NULL) before fork() may be > better. > In the real program in question, it hardly matters. It is very heavily compute-bound on inputs which are small. But flushing() the files seems a better idea in general than unbuffering, so I changed it. (Still works.)
Re: 12.2: fork() causing getline() to repeat stdin endlessly
tom kronmiller wrote: > I ended up using setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0) in the parent process and > that seems to have fixed the actual program I was having trouble with. thomas schmitt asked: > stdin ? Not setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0) ? Yes, stdin. The problem I was having was stdin getting repeated endlessly, so I unbuffered stdin and that seemed to make it happy. I'm guessing that the exit of the child process is doing a fflush(stdin) which is causing the file descriptor to get rewound so that the parent process gets that stdin data again. But maybe this is nonsensical, I just observed that unbuffering stdin made my toy program and the original program it's extracted from work as expected.
Re: 12.2: fork() causing getline() to repeat stdin endlessly
I ended up using setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0) in the parent process and that seems to have fixed the actual program I was having trouble with. On Mon, Oct 23, 2023 at 10:19 AM Thomas Schmitt wrote: > Hi, > > it helps to do > fflush((stdout); > after each printf(), or to run before the loop: > setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0); > > So it is obvious that the usual output buffering of printf() causes the > repetitions of text. > > The loop does not do any extra cycles, as i could confirm by inserting > a stderr message after ++line_num: > > fprintf(stderr, "line_num= %d\n", line_num); > > While the buffered printf() repeats its lines, the stderr message shows > no repetitions but counts nicely up to the end. > > (I assume gdb disables buffering and thus suppresses the stdout > repetitions.) > > > Have a nice day :) > > Thomas > >
Re: 12.2: fork() causing getline() to repeat stdin endlessly
On Mon, Oct 23, 2023 at 10:16 AM Jon Leonard wrote: > More specifically, fork() does not play nicely with stdio buffering. > But the fork() should not be changing the address space of the calling process. The duplicated buffers in the child process might be an issue in general (they aren't in this case), but the buffers in the parent process should not be disturbed. That seems like a bug in fork() to me. Meanwhile, I will try the various suggestions to see if one works in the real program.
Re: 12.2: fork() causing getline() to repeat stdin endlessly
>
> Try to construct a minimal reproducer, and post it here. Someone may
> be able to spot the issue. The shorter and simpler you can make your
reproducer, the more likely someone will be able to help.
The program:
// gcc -o program program.c
// program < lines
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(int, char **) {
char * line_buf = NULL;
size_t stg_size = 0u;
ssize_t num_read = 0;
size_t line_num = 0;
while (-1 < (num_read = getline(_buf, _size, stdin))) {
++line_num;
printf("%s", line_buf);
if (num_read != 53) {
printf("num_read: %ld at line %lu\n", num_read, line_num);
}
pid_t pid = fork();
if (0 == pid) {
exit(0);
}
else if (pid > 0) {
(void) waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
}
}
return(0);
}
Without the fork/exit/waitpid block of code, it prints the input
successfully. With that code included, it goes into an infinite loop
printing the first 78 lines of input, Every second pass over the input,the
78th line is garbled.
7777777777xx
78 1 1xx
num_read: 30 at line 6433
2 2 2 2 2xx
The input file "lines" is (all lines 52 charactures + \n == 53 characters):
1 1 1 1 1xx
2 2 2 2 2xx
3 3 3 3 3xx
4 4 4 4 4xx
5 5 5 5 5xx
6 6 6 6 6xx
7 7 7 7 7xx
8 8 8 8 8xx
9 9 9 9 9xx
1010101010xx
1111111111xx
1212121212xx
1313131313xx
1414141414xx
1515151515xx
1616161616xx
1717171717xx
1818181818xx
1919191919xx
2020202020xx
2121212121xx
2222222222xx
2323232323xx
2424242424xx
2525252525xx
2626262626xx
2727272727xx
2828282828xx
2929292929xx
3030303030xx
3131313131xx
3232323232xx
3333333333xx
3434343434xx
3535353535xx
3636363636xx
3737373737xx
3838383838xx
3939393939xx
4040404040xx
4141414141xx
4242424242xx
4343434343xx
4444444444xx
4545454545xx
4646464646xx
4747474747xx
4848484848xx
4949494949xx
5050505050xx
5151515151xx
5252525252xx
5353535353xx
5454545454xx
5555555555xx
5656565656xx
5757575757xx
5858585858xx
5959595959xx
6060606060xx
6161616161xx
6262626262xx
6363636363xx
6464646464xx
6565656565xx
6666666666xx
6767676767xx
6868686868xx
6969696969xx
70
12.2: fork() causing getline() to repeat stdin endlessly
I have a small program (extracted from a big program) which reads and prints input lines using a loop of getline() calls. The real input lines are all expected to be 52 characters long (+1 for the newline => 53), that's what my example data for the small program looks like. If there is no fork() in the loop, it works fine. Inside the loop if I do a fork() of a child which immediately exits (no exec) and waitpid() for it, then the program loops forever repeating the beginning portion of stdin. I have no idea what package to report the problem against, though it doesn't seem to be gcc as I have tried both gcc12 (which comes with debian) and gcc13 (which I installed manually). Also, will "reportbug" allow me to attach the program and example input to the bug report? Should I post them here? Thanks.
Re: Need help with PGP signature verification
On Sun, Oct 8, 2023 at 14:39 Thomas Schmitt wrote: > Hi, Thanks, Thomas. I did get the signers key fingeprints from their personal github pages. I would go the full security route if it were only my use I'm concerned with, but I'm working on a Raku module for others and I don't want them to be held up by having to fumble with key trust before at least downloading the files with a first order check with data I can provide. I'll make sure to document exactly what I'm providing. Best regards, -Tom
Re: Need help with PGP signature verification
On Sun, Oct 8, 2023 at 05:13 Tom Browder wrote: > On Sun, Oct 8, 2023 at 3:29 AM DdB > wrote: > > Am 08.10.2023 um 01:16 schrieb Tom Browder: > > > I'm willing to trust published PGP key fingerprints for signers of > > > Rakudo downloadable files. > > > Question: How can I get the fingerprint from the downloads? I found a usable answer. Run "gpg file.asc" and the output shows the two fingerprints: the primary key fingerprint and the subkey fingerprint. I wish there was a PGP cookbook around somewhere. Thanks, all. -Tom
Re: Need help with PGP signature verification
On Sun, Oct 8, 2023 at 3:29 AM DdB wrote: > Am 08.10.2023 um 01:16 schrieb Tom Browder: > > I'm willing to trust published PGP key fingerprints for signers of > > Rakudo downloadable files. > > Question: How can I get the fingerprint from the downloads? > There is more than just one way to archieve this, first result from I should have been more specific. I have the following: -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- iHUEABYKAB0WIQTdpb2j9c3OmfntVsEsxulzgY84awUCZQ1GBgAKCRAsxulzgY84 a+jhAQCZ0lLh1EnB1AwrgW0zPBp801OOeJ2QUiDBOGXBbrl/7QD/ZQe738sF2tCR 43SAvJOfT3b4YpGdfSUj9F7XNDoovQM= =mNqK -END PGP SIGNATURE- I need the fingerprint from that to compare with the fingerprints I know from Github to see if it's from the same key. I think using openssl might be the easiest, but all the tools seem to have a huge number of options and a vocabulary that's very malleable. Thanks. -Tom
Need help with PGP signature verification
I'm willing to trust published PGP key fingerprints for signers of Rakudo downloadable files. Question: How can I get the fingerprint from the downloads? The products I download are (1) the file of interest, (2) a PGP signed checksums file with various shaX hashes for the file, and (3) a separate file containing a PGP signature. Thanks so much. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 18:32 Tom Browder wrote: > On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 18:11 Tom Browder wrote: > >> On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 16:15 Andy Smith wrote: >> > ... > >> Well, I wanted to do it all in one program, but I guess I could break it >> up into two separate programs. I'll have to think about what I'm really >> trying to do. >> > > Another issue is precompilation. I need to find out how to work around > that somehow. Otherwise I would need two separate modules instead of the > single one I'm currently using. > One of our experts says that is not a problem, so I'm heading in that direction. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 18:11 Tom Browder wrote: > On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 16:15 Andy Smith wrote: > ... > Well, I wanted to do it all in one program, but I guess I could break it > up into two separate programs. I'll have to think about what I'm really > trying to do. > Another issue is precompilation. I need to find out how to work around that somehow. Otherwise I would need two separate modules instead of the single one I'm currently using.
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Tue, Sep 26, 2023 at 16:15 Andy Smith wrote: > Hello, ... Why does any of that stop you from only using the dev Raku once > you've used the packaged Raku to install it? Well, I wanted to do it all in one program, but I guess I could break it up into two separate programs. I'll have to think about what I'm really trying to do. Thanks for your input, Andy. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Mon, Sep 25, 2023 at 10:03 Greg Wooledge wrote: ... Greg, one more file I don't think we've discussed: '~/.bash_aliases'. How should I handle that in this variable login climate? Thanks. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Mon, Sep 25, 2023 at 17:45 Andy Smith wrote: ... > I'd make it all run with one raku from one place, or else I'd > specify the full path to the special raku that is needed. > > Anything else sounds like a great foot-gun left lying around for > others or myself a week from now. > > Perl and Python virtual environments typically have a script which > sets the path to the interpreter once you enter them, and then > everything is self-contained from there. ... You do not understand the problem, Andy: Debian's package version of raku is over two years old, and it is NOT installed by default. My script uses that raku as a bootstrap to update to the latest release provided as a Debian package format similar to the manner in which PostgreSQL can be maintained in its latest state with an out-of-Debian package location. Perl, on the other hand, is very current, installed as a default Debian package, and not changing as fast as raku (improved releases almost every month). Python is its own weird thing which I ignore as much as possible. Cheers! -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Mon, Sep 25, 2023 at 08:50 Tom Browder wrote: ... > I think I need to have the program change all the path-affecting files > specified by Greg and others so that PATH includes both locations with the > new location coming before the original location. > ... And that all got me looking at 'adduser' and '/etc/skel' where I do not see an '.xsessionrc' file. Does it cause harm if one logs into a remote host regardless of its lack or presence of various graphics features? -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Mon, Sep 25, 2023 at 06:08 Tom Browder wrote: > On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 17:23 Tom Browder wrote: > >> On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 17:04 Greg Wooledge wrote: >> >>> On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 04:45:11PM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: >>> > I'm sure I was too casual in my comments. I want all users, including >>> root, >>> > to have the Raku executables in their PATH, nothing else would be >>> changed >>> > from current use >> >> ... > >> Ah, good old X-Y. >> >> Create symlinks from /usr/local/bin/ to wherever the programs are >>> physically installed. Then don't touch PATH at all. >> >> My brain isn't clicking on all eight, but I think you suggested that >> before--I'll try that, thanks, Greg! >> > Well, that's not going to work. I failed to say my program is a bit more complicated: 0. It's executed by 'root'. 1. It uses 'raku'. 2. During its operation, the location of the 'raku' version to be used after it completes changes from '/usr/local/bin' to '/opt/rakudo-pkg/bin'. 3. Due to requirement 2, I don't think it's safe to attempt to overwrite current executables with a symlink to new executables of the same basename. I think I need to have the program change all the path-affecting files specified by Greg and others so that PATH includes both locations with the new location coming before the original location. Then the script can safely remove the original version. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 17:23 Tom Browder wrote: > On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 17:04 Greg Wooledge wrote: > >> On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 04:45:11PM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: >> > I'm sure I was too casual in my comments. I want all users, including >> root, >> > to have the Raku executables in their PATH, nothing else would be >> changed >> > from current use > > ... > Ah, good old X-Y. > > Create symlinks from /usr/local/bin/ to wherever the programs are >> physically installed. Then don't touch PATH at all. > > My brain isn't clicking on all eight, but I think you suggested that > before--I'll try that, thanks, Greg! > And the reason was it requires linking a bunch of executables and I didn't have time to do that. Now I'm scripting the job. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 17:04 Greg Wooledge wrote: > On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 04:45:11PM -0500, Tom Browder wrote: > > I'm sure I was too casual in my comments. I want all users, including > root, > > to have the Raku executables in their PATH, nothing else would be changed > > from current use. > > Ah, good old X-Y. > > Create symlinks from /usr/local/bin/ to wherever the programs are > physically installed. Then don't touch PATH at all. My brain isn't clicking on all eight, but I think you suggested that before--I'll try that, thanks, Greg! -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 16:27 wrote: > Tom Browder wrote: > > Every time I set up a new host, I have to jump through the hoops > > trying to get the same PATH for ordinary users as well as root, ... > Setting the same path for ordinary users as for root sounds like > something only a fool would do, so I don't think there's a foolproof > way to do it. I'm trying not to be a fool--that's why I'm checking with the Debian community. I'm sure I was too casual in my comments. I want all users, including root, to have the Raku executables in their PATH, nothing else would be changed from current use. When I get the path-setting portion of my program ready, I will show the pertinent parts here along with a link to the complete code. Note I will ensure any file modified will have its current state backed up prior to changing it. Cheers! -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 15:55 Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote: > On 24 Sep 2023 15:45 -0500, from tom.brow...@gmail.com (Tom Browder): > > Bummer, unfortunately, that's the answer I expected. Now if I can find a > > clean way to do that consistently. > > Well, I still think the gist of my suggestion stands: make a script to > set up $PATH the way you want it (for both root and non-root users > respectively); put that script somewhere, anywhere really; and invoke > it from where you need $PATH set up. > > That way, if you miss some path (no pun intended), all you need is to > figure out how to execute or source a script through there in such a > way that it affects the resultant environment; and if you want to make > adjustments later, you can do that in _one_ location. In effect, I will doing that. I'm in the process of automating non-package installation of Raku on modern Debian hosts. That was the genesis of my question, and I will be inserting the required PATH info at the approriate place for any login type as pointed out by Greg and the Debian docs. Thanks, Michael and Greg. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 14:52 Greg Wooledge wrote: ... > All you can do is put your desired configuration changes in ALL of > the applicable places for all of the login types that are possible on > your system. That's it. There is no other way. ... Bummer, unfortunately, that's the answer I expected. Now if I can find a clean way to do that consistently. Thanks, Greg. -Tom
Re: Sunrise and Sunset from terminal
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 00:00 s...@gmx.com wrote: > Is there a way to get sunrise and sunset time from command interpreter? > I want to use its output for a script! You can calculate it yourself using a Raku module at https://github.com/tbrowder/Astro-Sunrise/; Search https://raku.land to find any published Raku module. There are also Perl modules to do the same thing to be found on CPAN. -Tom
Re: PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
On Sun, Sep 24, 2023 at 09:27 Tom Browder wrote: For bash users only, please. -Tom
PATH revisited: one PATH to "rule the [Debian] World"
Every time I set up a new host, I have to jump through the hoops trying to get the same PATH for ordinary users as well as root, regardless of how they log in. Reading the man pages doesn't help my old brain with all the caveats. Can anyone offer a foolproof, programmatic solution to my conumdrum? Thanks. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Sat, Sep 23, 2023 at 09:19 Curt wrote: > > On 2023-09-22, Tom Browder wrote: > > > > However, I so far have not been able to scan both sides of a document in my > > two-side document feeder the way I could could on Windows--bummer, but this > > is a huge win so far. > > > > How and what have you tried? I used Xsane and tried setting source to Duplex It scanned, but only scanned the front side Then I set it to ADF and scanned the same document. It scanned, but only scanned the front side. When I use Windows, with the same steps, it scans both sides. I have tried the VueScan, but it doesn't work, either. I sent their trouble report to them and they said they would get back to me. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
Fri, Sep 22, 2023 at 2:40 PM Carles Pina i Estany wrote: ... > I think that you have lots of advice in the thread. But if I can add > something: I've also used https://www.hamrick.com/ when sane didn't have > the drivers. It's a paid software, for Linux, I had good experience with > it. I just looked at it Carles, it is worth a try unless someone can offer a solution to the two-sided scanning I can't do yet. Thank you! -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Fri, Sep 22, 2023 at 11:35 AM Curt wrote: > On 2023-09-21, Tom Browder wrote: > > Where do you find the "blob?" I've seen reference to it but haven't yet > > found it. ... > Most Linux distributions include HPLIP with their software, but most do not > include the plug-in. Therefore, it is a safe practice to run a utility called > "hp-setup", which, will install the printer into the CUPS spooler, download, > and install the plug-in at the appropriate time. > https://developers.hp.com/hp-linux-imaging-and-printing/binary_plugin.html Ah, thanks. After a bit of fumbling, I got it installed (had to use "hp-plugin") and used Xsane and can see and can operate my scanner!! GREAT Now, I can scan and save to PDF via my document feeder as well as my flatbed scanner. GREAT However, I so far have not been able to scan both sides of a document in my two-side document feeder the way I could could on Windows--bummer, but this is a huge win so far. Thanks so much! -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Thu, Sep 21, 2023 at 08:30 Erwan David wrote: ... > I have a HP LaserJet Pro MFP m125nw, installing it through hplip, It is > seen on network by xsane and I can scan. Just have to install a binary > blob each time hplip is upgraded, but it is rather straightforward Where do you find the "blob?" I've seen reference to it but haven't yet found it. Thanks. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 18:19 gene heskett wrote: So whats wrong that no one has suggested sane/xsane? They have, Gene, the problem is getting it to recognize my HP scanner. BTW, I have owned many laser HP printers, and one Brother (no inket among them). I went back to HP after the Brother. And my HP is laser, two-sided print and scan, single paper feed, and dual paper size feed. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 13:37 Tom Browder wrote: > > > On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 13:27 Klaus Singvogel > wrote: > >> Michael Kjörling wrote: >> > On 20 Sep 2023 12:26 -0500, from tom.brow...@gmail.com (Tom Browder): >> > > “Laser Jet Pro 400 MFP m425dn” >> > >> > openprinting.org doesn't seem to have heard of it, unfortunately: >> > >> > https://openprinting.org/printers/manufacturer/HP >> >> Unfortunately you made only the first step and not all. >> >> Looking at >> https://openprinting.org/driver/hplip/ >> >> will lead you via "Supported Devices"-link to >> >> https://developers.hp.com/hp-linux-imaging-and-printing/supported_devices/index >> >> At HP's website you'll search and find the information that it is Full >> supported. >> >> HP LaserJet 400 MFP m425dn >> Min HPLIP Version: 3.12.6 >> Chrome OS Support: Yes >> Driver Plug-in: Yes >> Supported Level: Full >> Print Model: Mono >> Scan PC: Yes >> >> So, install the required hplip packages for Debian (OpenSource) and see >> that it is supported. > > > Thank you, Klaus! I was disappointed I didn't find it because I remember > having to modify some CUPS driver or interface many years ago when I first > got the printer. And that was to print. I'm not sure I ever got reliable > scanning on Linux. > > I'll report back soon. > I got stuck with incompatible package requirements for network use, so I filed a bug report. Their support is active (last release was this year), so I'm hoping for a fix. In the meantime, I do have the two alternatives: (1) scan to USB drive or (2) use my Windows box. Since I'm unhooking my KVM switch setup to make my wife happy (she's a neat freak and I'm not), I'll have to manually unplug KVM cables from the Debian box to hook up them up to the Windows box, so laziness and the desire for weening from Windows will probably dictate option 1. -Tom
Re: [a bit OT] Automate a (G o o g l e) search from a list of strings
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 13:36 Nicolas George wrote: > Tom Browder (12023-09-20): > > What if you used an equilavent script but increased and randomized time ... We can try to exercise some common sense, in particular by comparing to > similar situations. For example, if you take something that does not > belong to you, but do it at night, when everybody is sleeping and being > very careful you do not make a step squeak or break the laser beams, is > it still stealing? I apologize. I was not referring to stealing, and I haven't read the details in the terms of use. What I should have asked was: "is a single query in the script okay?" If so, how much time would have to pass before the next query in order to adhere to the terms of service? In the distant past I have used Google's APIs to search mail, and I believe there was some kind of rate or time limit for their use. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 13:27 Klaus Singvogel wrote: > Michael Kjörling wrote: > > On 20 Sep 2023 12:26 -0500, from tom.brow...@gmail.com (Tom Browder): > > > “Laser Jet Pro 400 MFP m425dn” > > > > openprinting.org doesn't seem to have heard of it, unfortunately: > > > > https://openprinting.org/printers/manufacturer/HP > > Unfortunately you made only the first step and not all. > > Looking at > https://openprinting.org/driver/hplip/ > > will lead you via "Supported Devices"-link to > > https://developers.hp.com/hp-linux-imaging-and-printing/supported_devices/index > > At HP's website you'll search and find the information that it is Full > supported. > > HP LaserJet 400 MFP m425dn > Min HPLIP Version: 3.12.6 > Chrome OS Support: Yes > Driver Plug-in: Yes > Supported Level: Full > Print Model: Mono > Scan PC: Yes > > So, install the required hplip packages for Debian (OpenSource) and see > that it is supported. Thank you, Klaus! I was disappointed I didn't find it because I remember having to modify some CUPS driver or interface many years ago when I first got the printer. And that was to print. I'm not sure I ever got reliable scanning on Linux. I'll report back soon. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 12:46 Brad Rogers wrote: > On Wed, 20 Sep 2023 13:17:14 -0400 > Timothy M Butterworth wrote: > > Hello Timothy, > > >When I used to use HP MFD's I used to have to connect to it with USB to > >get scanning. I do not know if network scanning is now supported or not. Unfortunately, as Michael pointed out, no Linux driver for scanning can be found. However, I can always scan to a USB thumb drive--I forgot about that. Thanks, all. -Tom
Re: Letting Windows go: scanning
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 12:11 Michael Kjörling <2695bd53d...@ewoof.net> wrote: > On 20 Sep 2023 12:06 -0500, from tom.brow...@gmail.com (Tom Browder): > > One major thing I use my windows host for is using my HP multifunction > > laser printer to scan to pdf to save locally. I have just installed ... > > So how can I get my Debuian host to see and use the scanner part? ... > "HP multifunction laser printer" would still encompass a fair number > of products. Can you be more specific? Sorry, Michael, it’s a “Laser Jet Pro 400 MFP m425dn” and it’s been a wonderful printer from the days when you could get HP help from a real person. Thanks. Cheers! -Tom
Letting Windows go: scanning
One major thing I use my windows host for is using my HP multifunction laser printer to scan to pdf to save locally. I have just installed gscan2pdf and sane but I am still missing something. I have tried printing docs from LibreOffice and it sees my networked printer and prints just fine. So how can I get my Debuian host to see and use the scanner part? Thanks so much. -Tom
Re: [a bit OT] Automate a (G o o g l e) search from a list of strings
On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 09:35 Andy Smith wrote: > Hello, > > On Wed, Sep 20, 2023 at 08:13:43AM +0200, steve wrote: > > Le 19-09-2023, à 16:52:24 +0200, Nicolas George a écrit : > > > what you intend is completely forbidden by Google's terms and > > > service. And they have detection: please only do this on a > > > computer and network access when you will be the only one > > > inconvenienced when they block your access. It happened on a > > > computer I co-administrate. What if you used an equilavent script but increased and randomized time between each search string? Or do you think just the single search is enough to trigger them? -Tom
Re: memtest86 (solved)
On Wed, Sep 13, 2023 at 09:10 Tom Browder wrote: > Here I am again seeking help. I have used memtest86 long ago when I burned > it on a CDROM disk. > Finally tested all my memory modules using a recent system rescue cd and its memtest86+. One bad module out of four. Sending bad module back for warranty replacement. Thanks for your help. Cheers! -Tom >
Re: Can't mount NFS NAS after major upgrade
On 9/17/23 12:43, Steve Matzura wrote: I upgraded a version 8 system to version 11 from scratch--e.g., I totally reinitialized the internal drive and laid down an entirely fresh install of 11. Then 12 came out about a week later, but I haven't yet upgraded to 12 because I have a show-stopper on 11 which I absolutely must solve before moving ahead, and it's the following: For years I have had a Synology NAS that was automatically mounted and directories thereon bound during the boot process via the following lines at the end of /etc/fstab: # NAS box: //192.168.1.156/BigVol1 /mnt/bigvol1 cifs _netdev,username=,password=,ro 0 0 Then I had the following line, replicated for several directories on bigvol1, to bind them to directories on the home filesystem, all in a script called /root/remount that I executed manually after each reboot: mount /mnt/bigvol1/dir-1 /home/steve/dir-1 -o bind,ro I had directories set up on the home filesystem to accept these binds, like this: mount /mnt/bigvol1/dir-1 /home/steve/dir-1 -o bind,ro None of this works any more on Debian 11. After boot, /mnt/bigvol1 is empty, so there's no need to even try the remount script because there's nothing to which those directories can bind, so even if those mount commands are correct, I would never know until bigvol1 mounts correctly and content appears in at least 'ls -ld /mnt/bigvol1'. Are there relevant messages in the output of dmesg or in the systemd journal? If so, they might give useful information. This is out of range of my usage and experience, but from others I have found that some consumer NAS units still use, and are effectively stuck at, SMB1. SMB version 1 has a fairly serious uncorrectable vulnerability and Microsoft deprecated it (but continued to support it through, I think Windows 11. I believe Samba no longer supports it by default, but still can be configured to use it, with some effort, if you wish. Another, and preferable fix would be to configure the Synology to use SMB version 3, if that appears to be the cause of the problem. If the Synology NAS supports NFS, that might be a better approach in the long run, though. Regards, Tom Dial Research into this problem made me try similar techniques after having installed nfs-utils. I got bogged down by a required procedure entailing exportation of NFS volume information in order to let nfs-utils know about the NFS drive, but before I commit to that, I thought I'd ask in here to make sure I'm not about to do anything horribly wrong. So, summarily put, what's different about mounting a networked NFS drive from 8 to 11 and 12? Thanks in advance.
Re: OpenTaxSolver for US Federal tax: experiences?
On Sun, Sep 17, 2023 at 10:37 Charles Curley < charlescur...@charlescurley.com> wrote: ... Can you run your H Block program on top of wine? > https://appdb.winehq.org Thanks, Charles. Actually, I'm really interested in the OpenTaxSolver. I don't like H that much, so I'm gonna try it in parallel with H Block's solution for tax year 2022 and see how they compare. You might want to take a look. And I wonder what Gene uses since he doesn't run Windows! Cheers, all! -Tom P.S. I did read your address and visited them. Cool! Are any more articles in the works? I hope so, and I hope to take advantage of the one on encryting a backup disk to do partial live disk encryption. I tried the whole system encrytion once and it's a pain.
OpenTaxSolver for US Federal tax: experiences?
I want to dump my Windows box. The main showstopper is my US tax programs. I currently use H Block. I just discovered there is at least one Linux version out there: opentaxsolver.sourceforge.net. Has anyone used it and can recommend it? Thanks, -Tom
