Re: using tar
mick crane [2020-06-15T19:01:32+01] wrote: > I think my memory has packed up. Mine too, and I like GNU's long-option style because I remember them easily. They are also kind of self-documenting code in shell scripts. tar --create --verbose --xz --file archive.tar.xz directory/to_archive Bash completion helps in interactive shell: tar --cr -- /// Teemu Likonen - .-.. http://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/ // OpenPGP: 4E1055DC84E9DFF613D78557719D69D324539450 signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: using tar
On Mon, Jun 15, 2020 at 07:30:31PM +0100, mick crane wrote: yes I see that now but without hyphen "f" can be anywhere Yes and no: any of the keys can be in any location, but their arguments must follow the key list in the order that the keys appear. For example: tar cbf 20 foo.tar /dev/null tar: Removing leading `/' from member names tar cbf foo.tar 20 /dev/null tar: foo.tar: Invalid blocking factor Try 'tar --help' or 'tar --usage' for more information. In the first case a foo.tar file is created with a blocking factor of 20, and in the second case the command blew up because the filename is before the blocking factor. With less luck, the swapped arguments wouldn't fail immediately, doing who-knows-what to the system. :)
Re: using tar
On Mon, Jun 15, 2020 at 02:34:24PM -0500, David Wright wrote: It appears you've also forgotten about man pages as well as google. The man page explains the difference between hyphenated and unhyphenated forms, and helpfully even gives a single example written in both forms: tar cfv a.tar /etc tar -cvf a.tar /etc For those who find that a challenge, there's even a broken-out format of the same example for them to copy: tar -c -v -f a.tar /etc The last one is arguably the best form to use because it complies with system conventions and is less confusing/more intuitive for someone familiar with the linux command line but not with 40 year old pre-standard tar syntax. Unfortunately we're a lazy and cliquish lot so the oddball versions remain more popular. :) We'd also probably be much better off if the tar format just went away, but change is hard.
Re: using tar
On Mon 15 Jun 2020 at 19:30:31 (+0100), mick crane wrote: > On 2020-06-15 19:17, Thomas Pircher wrote: > > mick crane wrote: > > > I thought you put the options after a hyphen with tar ? > > > > Tar accepts 3 styles of options. The style with a single dash is called > > the 'UNIX' or 'short-option' style in the man page. > > > > > "tar -cfvz archive_file.tgz ./directory_to_archive" > > > doesn't work. > > > > The `-f` option requires an argument, the tar file, so with your > > command, tar would create an output file called 'vz'. The rest of the > > command line is considered a list of files and directories to > > include in > > the archive. Tar fails because the input file archive_file.tgz does not > > exist. > > > > Try `tar -cvzf archive_file.tgz ./directory_to_archive`. > > yes I see that now > but without hyphen "f" can be anywhere It appears you've also forgotten about man pages as well as google. The man page explains the difference between hyphenated and unhyphenated forms, and helpfully even gives a single example written in both forms: tar cfv a.tar /etc tar -cvf a.tar /etc For those who find that a challenge, there's even a broken-out format of the same example for them to copy: tar -c -v -f a.tar /etc Cheers, David.
Re: using tar
On 2020-06-15 19:17, Thomas Pircher wrote: mick crane wrote: I thought you put the options after a hyphen with tar ? Tar accepts 3 styles of options. The style with a single dash is called the 'UNIX' or 'short-option' style in the man page. "tar -cfvz archive_file.tgz ./directory_to_archive" doesn't work. The `-f` option requires an argument, the tar file, so with your command, tar would create an output file called 'vz'. The rest of the command line is considered a list of files and directories to include in the archive. Tar fails because the input file archive_file.tgz does not exist. Try `tar -cvzf archive_file.tgz ./directory_to_archive`. Thomas yes I see that now but without hyphen "f" can be anywhere mick -- Key ID4BFEBB31
Re: using tar
On Mon 15 Jun 2020 at 19:24:00 +0100, mick crane wrote: > On 2020-06-15 19:07, Brian wrote: > > On Mon 15 Jun 2020 at 19:01:32 +0100, mick crane wrote: > > > > > I think my memory has packed up. > > > > So has your ability to use a search engine. Try > > > > tar options hyphen > > Ok I see what the confusion was "f" has to be the last of the options if > using hyphen Well done! -- Brian.
Re: using tar
On Mon, Jun 15, 2020 at 07:01:32PM +0100, mick crane wrote: > I think my memory has packed up. > I thought you put the options after a hyphen with tar ? > "tar -cfvz archive_file.tgz ./directory_to_archive" > doesn't work. > "tar cfvz archive_file.tgz ./directory_to_archive" > works Your fundamental problem is that the "-f" option takes an argument. The -f should be followed by the filename, which is presumably the thing ending with .tgz. But the way you've got it written now, the filename argument of the -f option is "vz". So you're asking tar to create an archive file named "vz", and you're using "archive_file.tgz" and "./directory_to_archive" as the names of the things to place inside the archive. What you want is: tar czvf archive_file.tgz ./directory_to_archive Or with the hyphen. It doesn't matter.
Re: using tar
On 2020-06-15 19:07, Brian wrote: On Mon 15 Jun 2020 at 19:01:32 +0100, mick crane wrote: I think my memory has packed up. So has your ability to use a search engine. Try tar options hyphen Ok I see what the confusion was "f" has to be the last of the options if using hyphen mick -- Key ID4BFEBB31
Re: using tar
mick crane wrote: > I thought you put the options after a hyphen with tar ? Tar accepts 3 styles of options. The style with a single dash is called the 'UNIX' or 'short-option' style in the man page. > "tar -cfvz archive_file.tgz ./directory_to_archive" > doesn't work. The `-f` option requires an argument, the tar file, so with your command, tar would create an output file called 'vz'. The rest of the command line is considered a list of files and directories to include in the archive. Tar fails because the input file archive_file.tgz does not exist. Try `tar -cvzf archive_file.tgz ./directory_to_archive`. Thomas
Re: using tar
On Mon, Jun 15, 2020 at 13:02 mick crane wrote: > I think my memory has packed up. > I thought you put the options after a hyphen with tar ? > "tar -cfvz archive_file.tgz ./directory_to_archive" You do for modern use, but the 'f' has to be the last arg in that incantation. -Tom
Re: using tar
On Mon 15 Jun 2020 at 19:01:32 +0100, mick crane wrote: > I think my memory has packed up. So has your ability to use a search engine. Try tar options hyphen -- Brian.
Re: Using tar and gpg from Konqueror
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 Camaleón wrote: > On Sat, 02 Apr 2011 12:38:05 +0700, Ken Heard wrote: > >> While experimenting with tar and gpg files I discovered that right >> clicking on a file or directory name in Konqueror with gnugp installed >> behaves differently depending on its location. If the file or directory >> is located on an ext3 or xfs hard drive, the right click allows the >> options of compressing the file and encrypting it. If however it is >> located on a cf or sd card, the right click offers the compressing >> option; but it does not work. No encryption option is offered. Could >> this difference be attributable to the file system used, the hard drive >> using ext3or xfs, the cf and sd cards using vfat? Would either or both >> of these options options be available if the file system on those cards >> were also ext3? > > I dunno for konqueror or dolphin, but from Nautulis (GNOME) both options > (encrypt/sign and create archive) are available on vfat volumes. > > Greetings, > While I have yet to upgrade to Squeeze, I did discover that when I got back home to my desktop I discovered all the options you mentioned using Konqueror. Have not yet the time to check why I could not do so on the laptop. Strange. Regards, Ken Heard -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: GnuPG v2.0.9 (GNU/Linux) Comment: Using GnuPG with Mozilla - http://enigmail.mozdev.org iEUEARECAAYFAk2y5O4ACgkQlNlJzOkJmTc93wCfUX6E9mPo+1hiy55P5TPRpHLp wlkAli+66cFIFfKssp7cse0EUnafO08= =ykva -END PGP SIGNATURE- -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4db2e4ef.9090...@heard.name
Re: Using tar and gpg from Konqueror
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 Camaleón wrote: > On Sat, 02 Apr 2011 12:38:05 +0700, Ken Heard wrote: > >> While experimenting with tar and gpg files I discovered that right >> clicking on a file or directory name in Konqueror with gnugp installed >> behaves differently depending on its location. If the file or directory >> is located on an ext3 or xfs hard drive, the right click allows the >> options of compressing the file and encrypting it. If however it is >> located on a cf or sd card, the right click offers the compressing >> option; but it does not work. No encryption option is offered. Could >> this difference be attributable to the file system used, the hard drive >> using ext3or xfs, the cf and sd cards using vfat? Would either or both >> of these options options be available if the file system on those cards >> were also ext3? > > I dunno for konqueror or dolphin, but from Nautulis (GNOME) both options > (encrypt/sign and create archive) are available on vfat volumes. I should have mentioned that I am still using Lenny with the 3.5.10 release of Konqueror. After I upgrade to Squeeze later this month with a newer version of Konqueror or whatever replaces it (plasma-desktop?) I will check these options again. Ken -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: GnuPG v2.0.9 (GNU/Linux) Comment: Using GnuPG with Mozilla - http://enigmail.mozdev.org iEYEARECAAYFAk2Ykg8ACgkQlNlJzOkJmTcKLACfar97a1dcKD6ZVHOYEvmK4F9+ HXoAn1TUpLnyRO+JmV8cZxLIwcnFS4zV =Olvm -END PGP SIGNATURE- -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4d989210.7070...@heard.name
Re: Using tar and gpg from Konqueror
On Sat, 02 Apr 2011 12:38:05 +0700, Ken Heard wrote: > While experimenting with tar and gpg files I discovered that right > clicking on a file or directory name in Konqueror with gnugp installed > behaves differently depending on its location. If the file or directory > is located on an ext3 or xfs hard drive, the right click allows the > options of compressing the file and encrypting it. If however it is > located on a cf or sd card, the right click offers the compressing > option; but it does not work. No encryption option is offered. Could > this difference be attributable to the file system used, the hard drive > using ext3or xfs, the cf and sd cards using vfat? Would either or both > of these options options be available if the file system on those cards > were also ext3? I dunno for konqueror or dolphin, but from Nautulis (GNOME) both options (encrypt/sign and create archive) are available on vfat volumes. Greetings, -- Camaleón -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/pan.2011.04.03.13.44...@gmail.com
Re: Using tar to extract files from tape
On Thu, 13 Jul 2006, Ron Johnson wrote: > gpgkeys: HTTP fetch error 7: couldn't connect: eof > Haines Brown wrote: > > I asked this question before, but received no answer. Sorry to > > post it again. > > > > The question is a simple one: can I use tar to extract a file > > from a tape backup made with a backup application? > > Depends on the format. "Tape ARchive" most probably doesn't > understand proprietary formats... > Yep, what program did you use to make the backup? For me I have a cron job that runs nightly and uses tar to back things up. The command I use is... tar --totals --label="System Backup For `date -d yesterday +%m-%d-%Y`" -cvf /dev/tape / Then when I want to restore something off the tape (say my home directory), I'd do the following... tar xvMf /dev/nst0 home/zoid This will restore my home directory to whatever directory I am currently in. Maybe give that a shot and see how it works. > > On a sarge machine, I have a WangDAT 3100 tape drive from the > > late 1990s. The tape from which I would like to recover certain > > files was made back in 1998 with bru 2000/xbru. > [snip] > > > > When I tried the tvf options for tar, I get the same result. > > > > How does one extract the *xyz files from the tape? > > You don't mention having tried Googling for BRU? > > http://www.tolisgroup.com/products/ > http://www.tolisgroup.com/about/contactus.html > > -- > Ron Johnson, Jr. > Jefferson LA USA > > Is "common sense" really valid? > For example, it is "common sense" to white-power racists that > whites are superior to blacks, and that those with brown skins > are mud people. > However, that "common sense" is obviously wrong. > > > -- > To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] > with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > Output from gpg > gpg: Signature made Thu Jul 13 12:07:02 2006 EDT using DSA key ID BDFB5E67 > gpg: requesting key BDFB5E67 from hkp server keyserver.cryptnet.net > gpg: no valid OpenPGP data found. > gpg: Total number processed: 0 > gpg: Can't check signature: public key not found -- Rob Hensley [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.robhensley.com -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Using tar to extract files from tape
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 Haines Brown wrote: > I asked this question before, but received no answer. Sorry to > post it again. > > The question is a simple one: can I use tar to extract a file > from a tape backup made with a backup application? Depends on the format. "Tape ARchive" most probably doesn't understand proprietary formats... > On a sarge machine, I have a WangDAT 3100 tape drive from the > late 1990s. The tape from which I would like to recover certain > files was made back in 1998 with bru 2000/xbru. [snip] > > When I tried the tvf options for tar, I get the same result. > > How does one extract the *xyz files from the tape? You don't mention having tried Googling for BRU? http://www.tolisgroup.com/products/ http://www.tolisgroup.com/about/contactus.html - -- Ron Johnson, Jr. Jefferson LA USA Is "common sense" really valid? For example, it is "common sense" to white-power racists that whites are superior to blacks, and that those with brown skins are mud people. However, that "common sense" is obviously wrong. -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: GnuPG v1.4.3 (GNU/Linux) Comment: Using GnuPG with Mozilla - http://enigmail.mozdev.org iD8DBQFEtm+mS9HxQb37XmcRAix8AJ0bka3/3MOvVluYoeRpImYBKyVXFwCeNipl yNatw5wUUlUMZsp3JQSZf7g= =TNZs -END PGP SIGNATURE- -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Using tar to extract files from tape
On Thu, 13 Jul 2006, Alec Berryman wrote: Haines Brown on 2006-07-13 09:48:02 -0400: I tried: # tar xvf /dev/st0 *.xyz tar: /dev/st0: Cannot read: Input/output error tar: At beginning of tape, quitting now tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now When I tried the tvf options for tar, I get the same result. How does one extract the *xyz files from the tape? I don't know much about tape drives, but I would assume if you used dd to copy the information on the tape to a file on your disk, you'd be able to read it like a normal tar file. Google this issue, you have to use kernel 2.2 or set the block size to 64kb or some weird number to get the data off of the tape. -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Using tar to extract files from tape
Haines Brown on 2006-07-13 09:48:02 -0400: > I tried: > > # tar xvf /dev/st0 *.xyz > tar: /dev/st0: Cannot read: Input/output error > tar: At beginning of tape, quitting now > tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now > > When I tried the tvf options for tar, I get the same result. > > How does one extract the *xyz files from the tape? I don't know much about tape drives, but I would assume if you used dd to copy the information on the tape to a file on your disk, you'd be able to read it like a normal tar file. signature.asc Description: Digital signature
Re: Using tar saving Disk-space [was: apt-get offline]
Thank you, this is exactly what I was looking for. Except the line > tar -u $foo -f packages.tar has to be changed into tar uf packages.tar The script I was referring to is the one created by apt-get -qq -print-uris etc. I would have to add the above line to every downloaded package. I think your foreach loop is easier joerg John Galt wrote: > > On Wed, 30 May 2001, Joerg Johannes wrote: > > >Hi list > > > >Now that I can transfer my downloaded .debs in a .tar file, I wonder if > >I could create this .tar file saving disk space, e.g. in the following > >way > > > > > >create a tar file (touch packages.tar?) > > unnecessary, and in fact will break the script... > > >for *.deb in this directory > > foreach foo (./*.deb) > > > 1.) add it to the tar file > > tar -u $foo -f packages.tar > > > 2.) rm this .deb > > rm $foo > > >end > > end > > > > > > >Is this possible for (non-GNU)-tar? > > I think that I made it basic enough to be portable... > > >How would this look for the csh? > > That's what I was writing it for (actually, tcsh, but it should be > backwards compatible...) > > >Even better: Could this be included in the wget-script? > > ?! you have a script already that you want to add this stuff to? That'd > be easier by far, because you'd only have to select once and not select, > then select on *.deb. > > >thanks > > > >joerg > > > -- Did you know that if you play a Windows 2000 cd backwards, you will hear the voice of Satan? That's nothing! If you play it forward, it'll install Windows 2000.
Re: Using tar saving Disk-space [was: apt-get offline]
On Wed, 30 May 2001, Joerg Johannes wrote: >Hi list > >Now that I can transfer my downloaded .debs in a .tar file, I wonder if >I could create this .tar file saving disk space, e.g. in the following >way > > >create a tar file (touch packages.tar?) unnecessary, and in fact will break the script... >for *.deb in this directory foreach foo (./*.deb) > 1.) add it to the tar file tar -u $foo -f packages.tar > 2.) rm this .deb rm $foo >end end > > >Is this possible for (non-GNU)-tar? I think that I made it basic enough to be portable... >How would this look for the csh? That's what I was writing it for (actually, tcsh, but it should be backwards compatible...) >Even better: Could this be included in the wget-script? ?! you have a script already that you want to add this stuff to? That'd be easier by far, because you'd only have to select once and not select, then select on *.deb. >thanks > >joerg > -- There is an old saying that if a million monkeys typed on a million keyboards for a million years, eventually all the works of Shakespeare would be produced. Now, thanks to Usenet, we know this is not true. Who is John Galt? [EMAIL PROTECTED], that's who!
Re: Using tar saving Disk-space [was: apt-get offline]
Joerg Johannes <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes: JJ> Now that I can transfer my downloaded .debs in a .tar file, I wonder if JJ> I could create this .tar file saving disk space, e.g. in the following JJ> way JJ> JJ> JJ> create a tar file (touch packages.tar?) JJ> for *.deb in this directory JJ>1.) add it to the tar file JJ>2.) rm this .deb JJ> end JJ> JJ> JJ> Is this possible for (non-GNU)-tar? JJ> How would this look for the csh? In any shell, you'd probably want tar cvf deb-packages.tar *.deb rm *.deb I'm curious why you want to do this, though; the amount of "lost" disk space is negligible (less than 4K per file), and I believe tar effectively adds this back in with per-block padding (remember, it was written to write archives to tapes). So the amount of disk space you'd actually save with this is about zero, give-or-take a little; it's already been noted that compressing the tar file is a lose, since Debian packages are ar archives containing a small indicator file and two gzipped tar files. -- David Maze [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://people.debian.org/~dmaze/ "Theoretical politics is interesting. Politicking should be illegal." -- Abra Mitchell
Re: Using tar saving Disk-space [was: apt-get offline]
And yo was Joerg Johannes heard to yodel: > > Well, I know how to use tar in general. Zipping the .debs is not > necessary because they are already zipped. What I meant is: The .tar > file takes the same amount of space as the .debs themselves. So after > having tarred them , I need twice the space as before. So I want to > delete each .deb after having it added to the .tar archive (to avoid > exceeding my disk quota ;-) ) It appears that your problem is one of strategy...IIRC the --remove-files option only effects after the archive is completed.. However, you could do incremental additions to the archive. i.e. create an archive that fits on the available space, delete the files used, then add the next lot to the same archive until all files are in the archive. -- I'm not advocating that anyone take up emacs. Not even me: at my age, I'd be more likely to try bungee-jumping. It's easier, and has less risk of causing permanent brain damage. ** A posting on ZDNet forum
Re: Using tar saving Disk-space [was: apt-get offline]
Well, I know how to use tar in general. Zipping the .debs is not necessary because they are already zipped. What I meant is: The .tar file takes the same amount of space as the .debs themselves. So after having tarred them , I need twice the space as before. So I want to delete each .deb after having it added to the .tar archive (to avoid exceeding my disk quota ;-) ) joerg Bart Martens wrote: > > You can compress all .deb files into one zipped tar file > with only one command. See the manual page of tar. You > don't need to write code with a "for"-loop. I think it's > tar czf packages.tar.gz debdir > with debdir the directory containing all your .deb files, > and packages.tar.gz the target zipped tarfile. > > On Wed, May 30, 2001 at 10:36:13AM +0200, Joerg Johannes wrote: > > Hi list > > > > Now that I can transfer my downloaded .debs in a .tar file, I wonder if > > I could create this .tar file saving disk space, e.g. in the following > > way > > > > > > create a tar file (touch packages.tar?) > > for *.deb in this directory > >1.) add it to the tar file > >2.) rm this .deb > > end > > > > > > Is this possible for (non-GNU)-tar? > > How would this look for the csh? > > > > Even better: Could this be included in the wget-script? > > thanks > > > > joerg -- Did you know that if you play a Windows 2000 cd backwards, you will hear the voice of Satan? That's nothing! If you play it forward, it'll install Windows 2000.
Re: Using tar saving Disk-space [was: apt-get offline]
You can compress all .deb files into one zipped tar file with only one command. See the manual page of tar. You don't need to write code with a "for"-loop. I think it's tar czf packages.tar.gz debdir with debdir the directory containing all your .deb files, and packages.tar.gz the target zipped tarfile. On Wed, May 30, 2001 at 10:36:13AM +0200, Joerg Johannes wrote: > Hi list > > Now that I can transfer my downloaded .debs in a .tar file, I wonder if > I could create this .tar file saving disk space, e.g. in the following > way > > > create a tar file (touch packages.tar?) > for *.deb in this directory >1.) add it to the tar file >2.) rm this .deb > end > > > Is this possible for (non-GNU)-tar? > How would this look for the csh? > > Even better: Could this be included in the wget-script? > thanks > > joerg > -- > Did you know that if you play a Windows 2000 cd backwards, you > will hear the voice of Satan? > > That's nothing! If you play it forward, it'll install Windows 2000. > > > -- > To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] > with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED] >
