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New to Free-BSD with questions.

[r_oliva...@juno.com]

New to Free-BSD. Downloaded a current ISO image and burned it to a DVD. System 
boots from DVD to command line mode.
Questions are: 
A.) Is Xwindows, (X11) included on the DVD copy? 
B.) If included, what command is used to start it? 
C.) What shell is installed as the standard shell in command line mode?
D.) Is there a site that I can download a complete copy of the documentation 
for Free-BSD, as one file and not a series/set of separate files?

Thank you for your assistance.
Ms. R. Olivarez
(E-mail: r_oliva...@juno.com

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Re: New to Free-BSD with questions.

[Polytropon]

On Sat, 10 Aug 2013 09:58:07 GMT, r_oliva...@juno.com wrote:
 New to Free-BSD. Downloaded a current ISO image and burned it to a DVD.
 System boots from DVD to command line mode.

It should boot into a text mode installer. After installation,
FreeBSD usually boots into a text mode (depending on what has
been installed and configured already).



 Questions are: 
 A.) Is Xwindows, (X11) included on the DVD copy? 

If I remember correctly, the required packages are part
of the DVD #1. If you are already connected to the Internet,
you can use that medium as installation source.

Just a side note: PC-BSD, a system derived from FreeBSD,
offers a graphical installer and a more tight integration
with GUI-centric concepts (installs X automatically and
even brings a desktop environment preinstalled).



 B.) If included, what command is used to start it? 

It depends. If you want to start X from a regular login
shell, startx is used. But a display manager which
maintains a GUI login (like xdm) can also be used.

See the handbook for more details:

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x-install.html

And don't miss the excellent FAQ:

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/



 C.) What shell is installed as the standard shell in command line mode?

FreeBSD's default dialog shell is the C Shell (more precisely,
the tcsh). The command shell in single user mode (maintenance
mode) is a plain Bourne-alike shell (sh), which is also the
systems default scripting shell. You can install shells like
ksh, zsh and bash if you like.



 D.) Is there a site that I can download a complete copy of
 the documentation for Free-BSD, as one file and not a
 series/set of separate files?

Not that I know of, because the documentation on the web is
primarily for use with a web browser, that's why it's hierarchically
designed and separated. However, the documentation is part of
the FreeBSD installation, and you can generate PS and PDF book,
as _one_ (voluminous) file, from them (even though I've never
tried that).

You can use a tool like wget to download a copy of the web
documentation for offline use (keeping the mentioned
separation). The web pages contain a Split HTML and
Single HTML option, so you could maybe simply save
this web page

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.html

for the FAQ, and

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/book.html

for The FreeBSD Handbook, but it might be unhandy for printing.


-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: New to Free-BSD with questions.

[Frank Leonhardt]

On 10/08/2013 10:58, r_oliva...@juno.com wrote:

New to Free-BSD. Downloaded a current ISO image and burned it to a DVD. System 
boots from DVD to command line mode.
Questions are:
A.) Is Xwindows, (X11) included on the DVD copy?


That's X, X11, Xorg or the X-Window System. Yeah, kind-of but you've 
probably downloaded the base version that expects you to be using it 
from the command line unless you compile or add X later.




B.) If included, what command is used to start it?


startx


C.) What shell is installed as the standard shell in command line mode?


tcsh - basically the standard Bourne shell unless you specified a 
different one when you created the user. You can switch to csh easily 
enough (type csh) or you can can add any other shell you like from the 
ports collection.

D.) Is there a site that I can download a complete copy of the documentation 
for Free-BSD, as one file and not a series/set of separate files?


You probably want to read this:

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/

Or if you want the whole thing at once try this:

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/book.html

However, you'll get a lot of specific information for the man pages that 
come with it. There's an install option (new at 9.0?) to include 
documentation but I've never made use of it myself.


However, if you're wanting a quick-start version of a FreeBSD with a 
graphical shell and looking more like a Windoze desktop try this one:


http://www.pcbsd.org/

Regards, Frank.

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Re: New to Free-BSD with questions.

[Eduardo Morras]

On Sat, 10 Aug 2013 09:58:07 GMT
r_oliva...@juno.com r_oliva...@juno.com wrote:

 New to Free-BSD. Downloaded a current ISO image and burned it to a DVD. 
 System boots from DVD to command line mode.
 Questions are: 
 A.) Is Xwindows, (X11) included on the DVD copy? 

Yes, included.

 B.) If included, what command is used to start it? 

It's included, but not installed. After boot under command line mode, login as 
root and type '#pkg_add -r xorg' (without quotes). When install ends, you can 
use startx or xinit to enter X mode. The default wm is a bit rude, install the 
one you want, f.ex. '#pkg_add -r kde4', '#pkg_add -r gnome2', '#pkg_add -r 
xfce4'. After install use '#rehash ' and/or '#hash -r'. Start each wm using 
proper command, startkde4, startxfluxbox, check docs or sail the web for that.

 C.) What shell is installed as the standard shell in command line mode?

Plain sh. Minimal, standard, works, rocks.

 D.) Is there a site that I can download a complete copy of the documentation 
 for Free-BSD, as one file and not a series/set of separate files?

The handbook has single html mode.

 Thank you for your assistance.
 Ms. R. Olivarez
 (E-mail: r_oliva...@juno.com

HTH

---   ---
Eduardo Morras emorr...@yahoo.es
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Re: New to Free-BSD with questions.

[Warren Block]

On Sat, 10 Aug 2013, r_oliva...@juno.com wrote:


D.) Is there a site that I can download a complete copy of the documentation 
for Free-BSD, as one file and not a series/set of separate files?


ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ 
has the Handbook in compressed files for download.  Several formats are 
available, including single and split HTML, PDF, and others.  Many 
people just read the online version at 
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/index.html


Translated versions are also available.
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How to get kernel source code of free-BSD release 9.1

[Chou, David J]

Hi,

I  have created a virtual machine of PC-BSD release 9.1 64 bit in VMware Player 
Version 5.0.0 build-812388 based on PCBSD9.1-x64-DVD.iso downloaded from 
ftp://mirrors.isc.org/pub/pcbsd/9.1/amd64/PCBSD9.1-x64-DVD.iso , and setup 
network configuration and installed Firefox 20.0 by AppCafe, and configured the 
network setting in Preference-Advanced of Firefox, and I could  access 
Internet.

Now I need to build my own customized kernel, but there is no src subdirectory 
in /usr, so here is my question:

  1.  Is there any way to install kernel source when I create the  virtual 
machine from PCBSD9.1-x64-DVD.iso ?
  2.  Any BKM to get the kernel source after the Virtual Machine already 
created as my case now?

Thanks!

Regards,
David

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Re: How to get kernel source code of free-BSD release 9.1

[Michael Powell]

Chou, David J wrote:

 Hi,
 
 I  have created a virtual machine of PC-BSD release 9.1 64 bit in VMware
 Player Version 5.0.0 build-812388 based on PCBSD9.1-x64-DVD.iso downloaded
 from ftp://mirrors.isc.org/pub/pcbsd/9.1/amd64/PCBSD9.1-x64-DVD.iso , and
 setup network configuration and installed Firefox 20.0 by AppCafe, and
 configured the network setting in Preference-Advanced of Firefox, and I
 could  access Internet.
 
 Now I need to build my own customized kernel, but there is no src
 subdirectory in /usr, so here is my question:
 
   1.  Is there any way to install kernel source when I create the  virtual
   machine from PCBSD9.1-x64-DVD.iso ?

Not sure about PCBSD as I haven't used it, but with regular FreeBSD I 
believe you can by selecting the appropriate package distribution group. 
Been a while since I've done an install, but even so the source will be the 
static RELEASE bits and not contain any security updates.

   2.  Any BKM to get the kernel source after the Virtual Machine already
   created as my case now?

Yes - install the devel/subversion port. Go ahead and create the src 
directory under /usr. Then do:

svn checkout svn://svn.freebsd.org/base/releng/9.1 /usr/src

Once having checked out you can then issue a svn update /usr/src command to 
pull in security updates as they become available over time.

There are also two US mirrors available such as:

svn checkout svn://svn0.us-east.freebsd.org/base/releng/9.1 /usr/src
svn checkout svn://svn0.us-west.freebsd.org/base/releng/9.1 /usr/src

I have used the us-east one. There is also a project underway to add in to 
base an 'svnup', similar in scope to how csup replaced cvsup to make it 
easier in the future.

I believe freebsd-update is also a possibility but I have no experience with 
it. At any rate, more details can be found in the Handbook.

-Mike


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Re: How to get kernel source code of free-BSD release 9.1

[Adam Vande More]

On Sun, May 19, 2013 at 4:03 PM, Chou, David J david.j.c...@intel.com wrote:
 Hi,

 I  have created a virtual machine of PC-BSD release 9.1 64 bit in VMware 
 Player Version 5.0.0 build-812388 based on PCBSD9.1-x64-DVD.iso downloaded 
 from ftp://mirrors.isc.org/pub/pcbsd/9.1/amd64/PCBSD9.1-x64-DVD.iso , and 
 setup network configuration and installed Firefox 20.0 by AppCafe, and 
 configured the network setting in Preference-Advanced of Firefox, and I 
 could  access Internet.

 Now I need to build my own customized kernel, but there is no src 
 subdirectory in /usr, so here is my question:

   1.  Is there any way to install kernel source when I create the  virtual 
 machine from PCBSD9.1-x64-DVD.iso ?

 mount_cd9660 /dev/acd0 /mnt  tar -C / /mnt/usr/freebsd-dist/src.txz

   2.  Any BKM to get the kernel source after the Virtual Machine already 
 created as my case now?

fetch ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/9.1-RELEASE/src.txz





--
Adam Vande More
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filesystem size does not equal free space

[Rick Miller]

Hi All,

I install FreeBSD 8.3-R on a DL360 G8 with two disk volumes, the 2nd
of which is 3TB.  The fdisk partition editor shows the disk geometry
as 812160 cyl/255 heads/32 sectors = 6627225600 sectors (3235950MB).
sysinstall creates a slice on the 3TB volume that uses the entire
disk.  However, when the filesystem is labelled and mounted, it is
slightly over 1TB in size.  Am I correct in assuming that it's only
1TB because the disk geometry is greater than what is supported by
sysinstall and/or bsdlabel?

-- 
Take care
Rick Miller
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Re: filesystem size does not equal free space

[Warren Block]

On Wed, 21 Nov 2012, Rick Miller wrote:


I install FreeBSD 8.3-R on a DL360 G8 with two disk volumes, the 2nd
of which is 3TB.  The fdisk partition editor shows the disk geometry
as 812160 cyl/255 heads/32 sectors = 6627225600 sectors (3235950MB).
sysinstall creates a slice on the 3TB volume that uses the entire
disk.  However, when the filesystem is labelled and mounted, it is
slightly over 1TB in size.  Am I correct in assuming that it's only
1TB because the disk geometry is greater than what is supported by
sysinstall and/or bsdlabel?


It's an MBR limitation, I think.  Use GPT, which will also make 
alignment to 4K blocks easier.

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Free website custom built by design students

[Design J]

Hello,  We have some student interns looking to design a few free websites
for their portfolio. 

Up to ten pages, Custom logo, Custom background. shopping carts and more.

I was wondering if you would be interested in a free custom website design
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Either a brand new site, a redo of your old site, or an additional site to
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Its up to a ten page custom design and it really is free. the only cost is
web hosting to keep your site online. $8 a month on average. 

Let met know if your interested in seeing some samples. 

thank you 

James

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Free boock offer

[Rodríguez Jimeno]

THE ALCIONE ASSOCIATION OFFERS FREE COPY OF THE BOOK HERCOLUBUS OR RED PLANET

You can request it at: 

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V.M. Rabolú teaches in his book the techniques to eliminate our psychological 
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escaping from the forthcoming cataclysm. He finishes by saying:

 

 `Dear reader: I am speaking very clearly so that you understand the need to 
start working seriously. Whoever is working will be rescued from the danger. 
This is not for you to make up theories or hold discussions, but to experience 
the true teaching that I am giving in this book. We can resort to nothing 
else´. 

 
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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[Chad Perrin]

On Tue, Jul 24, 2012 at 07:18:13PM +0800, lei yang wrote:
 
 Aha,I just want to learn want to know how to build the netcat for
 freebsd version on a no-freebsd platform

I'm really curious, now:

Why?

-- 
Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ]
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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[lei yang]

On Tue, Jul 24, 2012 at 12:47 AM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
 On Mon, 23 Jul 2012 23:29:38 +0800, lei yang wrote:
 Yes, the second version I post is using the source from you supplied,
 then I compiled it, but it has no
 -U flag like what I post, it seems a version different casued this.

 Yes. The version distributed by the ports collection is different
 from that one supplied with the base system of FreeBSD.

 To try _that_ version, you can download the source tarball and
 extract it; in the directory

 # wget ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/9.0-RELEASE/src.txz
 # tar xvf src.txz

Thanks for the help,

tar xvf src.txz
tar: This does not look like a tar archive
tar: Skipping to next header
tar: Archive contains obsolescent base-64 headers
tar: Read 4896 bytes from src.txz
tar: Error exit delayed from previous errors
[lyang0@ala-lpggp2 lyang0]$ tar xvf src.txz
tar: This does not look like a tar archive
tar: Skipping to next header
tar: Archive contains obsolescent base-64 headers
tar: Read 4896 bytes from src.txz
tar: Error exit delayed from previous errors



 # cd cusr/src/ontrib/netcat/
 # ls
 FREEBSD-XlistFREEBSD-vendor   atomicio.h   netcat.c
 FREEBSD-upgrade  atomicio.c   nc.1 socks.c
 #
 your build command(s) here


Suppose gcc -o netcat netcat.c atomicio.c socks.c should work

Lei



 You can check the FTP server for other versions of the OS
 (e. g. different branch and architecture, starting at
 ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/, then selecting
 architecture and finally the OS version). There are also
 different ways of obtaining the sources, but the solution
 shown here should be sufficient.

 (You can use tar xvf src.txz usr/src/contrib/netcat to
 only extract the files for netcat instead of everything,
 but it _might_ be possible that the build process needs
 some files from other locations.)

 If you don't have wget installed, stock ftp location
 command should also work for downloading.




 I don't know where to find the source code in Red Hat.

 Me neither, but check man hier on a RH system to get
 the documentation about the file system hierarchy which
 should have detailed information on what is stored where.




 --
 Polytropon
 Magdeburg, Germany
 Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
 Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[lei yang]

On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 11:52 PM, Alejandro Imass a...@p2ee.org wrote:
 On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 11:29 AM, lei yang yanglei.f...@gmail.com wrote:
 On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 10:36 PM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
 On Mon, 23 Jul 2012 12:59:55 +0800, lei yang wrote:
 On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 12:25 AM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
  On Sun, 22 Jul 2012 22:41:57 +0800, lei yang wrote:
  Hi,

 [...]


 I don't know where to find the source code in Red Hat.


 Why don't you just toss RedHat and use FreeBSD ? Most everything you
 run on Linux will run on FreeBSD and there are also Desktop-friendly
 distros of FreeBSD such as PC-BSD which, in Linux terms, is to FreeBSD
 somewhat akin to what Ubuntu is to Debian.


Aha,I just want to learn want to know how to build the netcat for
freebsd version on a no-freebsd platform

Lei

 Anyway, give PC-BSD a try and you won't regret it:

 http://www.pcbsd.org/


 Cheers,

 --
 Alejandro Imass
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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[lei yang]

On Tue, Jul 24, 2012 at 12:03 AM, Carl Johnson ca...@peak.org wrote:
 lei yang yanglei.f...@gmail.com writes:

 On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 12:25 AM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
 On Sun, 22 Jul 2012 22:41:57 +0800, lei yang wrote:
 Hi,

 I want to build a netcat on my local pc (ubuntu) with gcc, is it
 possible? I'm new to free bsd



 it has no -U flag, can you point me where I get this version

 Have you checked the other version of netcat already available?  A quick
 check shows these four versions for Ubuntu:

 netcat: TCP/IP swiss army knife -- transitional package
 netcat-openbsd: TCP/IP swiss army knife
 netcat-traditional: TCP/IP swiss army knife
 netcat6: TCP/IP swiss army knife with IPv6 support


how did you get the list?

To be clear, haha, I just want to know how to build a fress bsd netcat
on a no-fressbsd platform

Lei




 --
 Carl Johnsonca...@peak.org

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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[Carl Johnson]

lei yang yanglei.f...@gmail.com writes:

 On Tue, Jul 24, 2012 at 12:03 AM, Carl Johnson ca...@peak.org wrote:
 lei yang yanglei.f...@gmail.com writes:

 On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 12:25 AM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
 On Sun, 22 Jul 2012 22:41:57 +0800, lei yang wrote:
 Hi,

 I want to build a netcat on my local pc (ubuntu) with gcc, is it
 possible? I'm new to free bsd



 it has no -U flag, can you point me where I get this version

 Have you checked the other version of netcat already available?  A quick
 check shows these four versions for Ubuntu:

 netcat: TCP/IP swiss army knife -- transitional package
 netcat-openbsd: TCP/IP swiss army knife
 netcat-traditional: TCP/IP swiss army knife
 netcat6: TCP/IP swiss army knife with IPv6 support


 how did you get the list?

I used the surfraw package which is available on freebsd, debian, and
ubuntu.  In this case I just used 'debpackages -u netcat' to do access
the ubuntu packages search page.  There is also 'freebsd -psearch' to
search freebsd ports, and debpackages without -u shows debian packages.

 To be clear, haha, I just want to know how to build a fress bsd netcat
 on a no-fressbsd platform

Others have probably already mentioned this, but you are probably better
off trying ports source instead.  Most of those are written to be
portable and are easily configured for other OSs.  Freebsd port search
shows the following for netcat:

net/cryptcat  Standard netcat enhanced with twofish encryption
net/gnetcat   GPL'ed re-write of the well known networking tool 
netcat
net/nc6   Netcat clone with IPv6 support
net/netcatSimple utility which reads and writes data across 
network connections
net/sbd   A netcat clone with more features and crypto
net/scnc  SSL Capable Netcat
security/sst  A simple SSL tunneling tool (uses netcat)

-- 
Carl Johnsonca...@peak.org

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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[Chris Whitehouse]

On 24/07/2012 14:36, kpn...@pobox.com wrote:

On Tue, Jul 24, 2012 at 07:13:00PM +0800, lei yang wrote:

On Tue, Jul 24, 2012 at 12:47 AM, Polytroponfree...@edvax.de  wrote:

On Mon, 23 Jul 2012 23:29:38 +0800, lei yang wrote:

Yes, the second version I post is using the source from you supplied,
then I compiled it, but it has no
-U flag like what I post, it seems a version different casued this.


Yes. The version distributed by the ports collection is different
from that one supplied with the base system of FreeBSD.

To try _that_ version, you can download the source tarball and
extract it; in the directory

# wget ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/9.0-RELEASE/src.txz
# tar xvf src.txz


Thanks for the help,

tar xvf src.txz
tar: This does not look like a tar archive
tar: Skipping to next header
tar: Archive contains obsolescent base-64 headers
tar: Read 4896 bytes from src.txz
tar: Error exit delayed from previous errors
[lyang0@ala-lpggp2 lyang0]$ tar xvf src.txz
tar: This does not look like a tar archive
tar: Skipping to next header
tar: Archive contains obsolescent base-64 headers
tar: Read 4896 bytes from src.txz
tar: Error exit delayed from previous errors


Maybe a bad/incomplete download?
%fetch ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/9.0-RELEASE/src.txz
src.txz   100% of   89 MB  216 kBps 
00m00s

%md5 src.txz
MD5 (src.txz) = 7cce6b045f771cef2136df277d16331f
%tar xvf src.txz
x usr/src/
x usr/src/usr.bin/
x usr/src/release/
x usr/src/crypto/
x usr/src/include/
x usr/src/secure/
x usr/src/rescue/
x usr/src/gnu/
x usr/src/sbin/
x usr/src/games/
x usr/src/tools/
x usr/src/contrib/
x usr/src/kerberos5/
x usr/src/share/
...
...
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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[Polytropon]

On Tue, 24 Jul 2012 19:13:00 +0800, lei yang wrote:
 On Tue, Jul 24, 2012 at 12:47 AM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
  On Mon, 23 Jul 2012 23:29:38 +0800, lei yang wrote:
  Yes, the second version I post is using the source from you supplied,
  then I compiled it, but it has no
  -U flag like what I post, it seems a version different casued this.
 
  Yes. The version distributed by the ports collection is different
  from that one supplied with the base system of FreeBSD.
 
  To try _that_ version, you can download the source tarball and
  extract it; in the directory
 
  # wget ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/9.0-RELEASE/src.txz
  # tar xvf src.txz
 
 Thanks for the help,
 
 tar xvf src.txz
 tar: This does not look like a tar archive
 tar: Skipping to next header
 tar: Archive contains obsolescent base-64 headers
 tar: Read 4896 bytes from src.txz
 tar: Error exit delayed from previous errors
 [lyang0@ala-lpggp2 lyang0]$ tar xvf src.txz
 tar: This does not look like a tar archive
 tar: Skipping to next header
 tar: Archive contains obsolescent base-64 headers
 tar: Read 4896 bytes from src.txz
 tar: Error exit delayed from previous errors

Oh sorry I forgot: You're _not_ on a FreeBSD system!
That's why you cannot use tar (means: bsdtar) with
the xz compression support.

On your system, you first need to install xz. Use
the unxz to uncompress the archive. Then you will have
a valid tar archive which you can extract with stock
tar.



  # cd cusr/src/ontrib/netcat/
  # ls
  FREEBSD-XlistFREEBSD-vendor   atomicio.h   netcat.c
  FREEBSD-upgrade  atomicio.c   nc.1 socks.c
  #
  your build command(s) here
 
 
 Suppose gcc -o netcat netcat.c atomicio.c socks.c should work

It seems that I pointed you to a wrong location inside
the src/ tree. Maybe try this instead:

# unxz src.txz
# tar xvf src.tar usr/src/usr.bin/nc/
# tar xvf src.tar usr/src/contrib/netcat/
# cd usr/src/usr.bin/nc/
# ls
Makefile
# cd ../../contrib/netcat/
# ls
FREEBSD-XlistFREEBSD-vendor   atomicio.h   netcat.c
FREEBSD-upgrade  atomicio.c   nc.1 socks.c

Problem: The Makefile which describes the build
process refers to bsd.prog.mk which is specific to
FreeBSD (and located in src/share/Mk which you'd
also have to extract).

The content of the Makefile is rather simple:

.PATH: ${.CURDIR}/../../contrib/netcat

PROG=   nc
SRCS=   netcat.c atomicio.c socks.c

CFLAGS+=-DIPSEC
LDADD=  -lipsec
DPADD=  ${LIBIPSEC}

.include bsd.prog.mk

Still it seems that your simplified approach could
work: Compile all the .c files.






-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[Polytropon]

On Mon, 23 Jul 2012 12:59:55 +0800, lei yang wrote:
 On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 12:25 AM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
  On Sun, 22 Jul 2012 22:41:57 +0800, lei yang wrote:
  Hi,
 
  I want to build a netcat on my local pc (ubuntu) with gcc, is it
  possible? I'm new to free bsd
 
  I hope I don't misunderstand your intention: You are trying to
  build a Linux executable of netcat from FreeBSD's sources?
 
  You _do_ know that FreeBSD and Linux (here: Ubuntu) are two
  totally different operating systems. I'm not sure code is
  compatible at this level (but it maybe _could_ be, you'd
  have to try it).
 
  The netcat program (nc) is part of the FreeBSD operating
  system for some time now. There's also a port of netcat
  in /usr/ports/net/netcat (which can also be used). That
  port's Makefile lists some sources:
 
  ftp://coast.cs.purdue.edu/pub/tools/unix/netutils/netcat/
 
  ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/packages/security/purdue/netutils/netcat/
 
  http://www.planetmirror.com/pub/lprng/TOOLS/
 
  You could try to use that source distribution as well.
 
 
 
 
 Thanks for the great help, I have built it successfully on my ubuntu.
 I find it's not the version I want
 I want use the version on Rehat,which has a -U flag( yes, I want to
 use this flag) but the above version has no this flag
 
 on redhat:
 
 usage: nc [-46DdhklnrStUuvzC] [-i interval] [-p source_port]
 [-s source_ip_address] [-T ToS] [-w timeout] [-X proxy_version]
 [-x proxy_address[:port]] [hostname] [port[s]]
   Command Summary:
   -4  Use IPv4
   -6  Use IPv6
   -D  Enable the debug socket option
   -d  Detach from stdin
   -h  This help text
   -i secs Delay interval for lines sent, ports scanned
   -k  Keep inbound sockets open for multiple connects
   -l  Listen mode, for inbound connects
   -n  Suppress name/port resolutions
   -p port Specify local port for remote connects
   -r  Randomize remote ports
   -s addr Local source address
   -T ToS  Set IP Type of Service
   -C  Send CRLF as line-ending
   -t  Answer TELNET negotiation
   -U  Use UNIX domain socket
   -u  UDP mode
   -v  Verbose
   -w secs Timeout for connects and final net reads
   -X protoProxy protocol: 4, 5 (SOCKS) or connect
   -x addr[:port]  Specify proxy address and port
   -z  Zero-I/O mode [used for scanning]
   Port numbers can be individual or ranges: lo-hi [inclusive]
 
 --
 with the above you list:
 
 lyang0@lyang0-OptiPlex-755:~/tmp/nc110$ ./nc -help
 [v1.10]
 connect to somewhere: nc [-options] hostname port[s] [ports] ...
 listen for inbound:   nc -l -p port [-options] [hostname] [port]
 options:
   -g gateway  source-routing hop point[s], up to 8
   -G num  source-routing pointer: 4, 8, 12, ...
   -h  this cruft
   -i secs delay interval for lines sent, ports scanned
   -l  listen mode, for inbound connects
   -n  numeric-only IP addresses, no DNS
   -o file hex dump of traffic
   -p port local port number
   -r  randomize local and remote ports
   -s addr local source address
   -u  UDP mode
   -v  verbose [use twice to be more verbose]
   -w secs timeout for connects and final net reads
   -z  zero-I/O mode [used for scanning]
 port numbers can be individual or ranges: lo-hi [inclusive]
 
 
 it has no -U flag, can you point me where I get this version

This indicates you did use the netcat version that also is
in the FreeBSD Ports Collection. The netcat version that
belongs to the FreeBSD system (the operating system itself)
does seem to have the switch you need.

From my home FreeBSD box (8.2-STABLE of August 2011, i386),
THIS is the netcat help message:

% nc -help
usage: nc [-46DdEhklnrStUuvz] [-e policy] [-I length] [-i interval] [-O length]
  [-P proxy_username] [-p source_port] [-s source] [-T ToS]
  [-V rtable] [-w timeout] [-X proxy_protocol]
  [-x proxy_address[:port]] [destination] [port]
Command Summary:
-4  Use IPv4
-6  Use IPv6
-D  Enable the debug socket option
-d  Detach from stdin

Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[lei yang]

On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 10:36 PM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
 On Mon, 23 Jul 2012 12:59:55 +0800, lei yang wrote:
 On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 12:25 AM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
  On Sun, 22 Jul 2012 22:41:57 +0800, lei yang wrote:
  Hi,
 
  I want to build a netcat on my local pc (ubuntu) with gcc, is it
  possible? I'm new to free bsd
 
  I hope I don't misunderstand your intention: You are trying to
  build a Linux executable of netcat from FreeBSD's sources?
 
  You _do_ know that FreeBSD and Linux (here: Ubuntu) are two
  totally different operating systems. I'm not sure code is
  compatible at this level (but it maybe _could_ be, you'd
  have to try it).
 
  The netcat program (nc) is part of the FreeBSD operating
  system for some time now. There's also a port of netcat
  in /usr/ports/net/netcat (which can also be used). That
  port's Makefile lists some sources:
 
  ftp://coast.cs.purdue.edu/pub/tools/unix/netutils/netcat/
 
  ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/packages/security/purdue/netutils/netcat/
 
  http://www.planetmirror.com/pub/lprng/TOOLS/
 
  You could try to use that source distribution as well.
 
 


 Thanks for the great help, I have built it successfully on my ubuntu.
 I find it's not the version I want
 I want use the version on Rehat,which has a -U flag( yes, I want to
 use this flag) but the above version has no this flag

 on redhat:

 usage: nc [-46DdhklnrStUuvzC] [-i interval] [-p source_port]
 [-s source_ip_address] [-T ToS] [-w timeout] [-X proxy_version]
 [-x proxy_address[:port]] [hostname] [port[s]]
   Command Summary:
   -4  Use IPv4
   -6  Use IPv6
   -D  Enable the debug socket option
   -d  Detach from stdin
   -h  This help text
   -i secs Delay interval for lines sent, ports scanned
   -k  Keep inbound sockets open for multiple connects
   -l  Listen mode, for inbound connects
   -n  Suppress name/port resolutions
   -p port Specify local port for remote connects
   -r  Randomize remote ports
   -s addr Local source address
   -T ToS  Set IP Type of Service
   -C  Send CRLF as line-ending
   -t  Answer TELNET negotiation
   -U  Use UNIX domain socket
   -u  UDP mode
   -v  Verbose
   -w secs Timeout for connects and final net reads
   -X protoProxy protocol: 4, 5 (SOCKS) or connect
   -x addr[:port]  Specify proxy address and port
   -z  Zero-I/O mode [used for scanning]
   Port numbers can be individual or ranges: lo-hi [inclusive]

 --
 with the above you list:

 lyang0@lyang0-OptiPlex-755:~/tmp/nc110$ ./nc -help
 [v1.10]
 connect to somewhere: nc [-options] hostname port[s] [ports] ...
 listen for inbound:   nc -l -p port [-options] [hostname] [port]
 options:
   -g gateway  source-routing hop point[s], up to 8
   -G num  source-routing pointer: 4, 8, 12, ...
   -h  this cruft
   -i secs delay interval for lines sent, ports scanned
   -l  listen mode, for inbound connects
   -n  numeric-only IP addresses, no DNS
   -o file hex dump of traffic
   -p port local port number
   -r  randomize local and remote ports
   -s addr local source address
   -u  UDP mode
   -v  verbose [use twice to be more verbose]
   -w secs timeout for connects and final net reads
   -z  zero-I/O mode [used for scanning]
 port numbers can be individual or ranges: lo-hi [inclusive]


 it has no -U flag, can you point me where I get this version

 This indicates you did use the netcat version that also is
 in the FreeBSD Ports Collection. The netcat version that
 belongs to the FreeBSD system (the operating system itself)
 does seem to have the switch you need.

 From my home FreeBSD box (8.2-STABLE of August 2011, i386),
 THIS is the netcat help message:

 % nc -help
 usage: nc [-46DdEhklnrStUuvz] [-e policy] [-I length] [-i interval] [-O 
 length]
   [-P proxy_username] [-p source_port] [-s source] [-T ToS]
   [-V rtable] [-w timeout] [-X proxy_protocol]
   [-x proxy_address[:port]] [destination] [port]
 Command Summary:
 -4  Use IPv4
 -6  Use IPv6
 -D

Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[Alejandro Imass]

On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 11:29 AM, lei yang yanglei.f...@gmail.com wrote:
 On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 10:36 PM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
 On Mon, 23 Jul 2012 12:59:55 +0800, lei yang wrote:
 On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 12:25 AM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
  On Sun, 22 Jul 2012 22:41:57 +0800, lei yang wrote:
  Hi,

[...]


 I don't know where to find the source code in Red Hat.


Why don't you just toss RedHat and use FreeBSD ? Most everything you
run on Linux will run on FreeBSD and there are also Desktop-friendly
distros of FreeBSD such as PC-BSD which, in Linux terms, is to FreeBSD
somewhat akin to what Ubuntu is to Debian.

Anyway, give PC-BSD a try and you won't regret it:

http://www.pcbsd.org/


Cheers,

-- 
Alejandro Imass
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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[Carl Johnson]

lei yang yanglei.f...@gmail.com writes:

 On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 12:25 AM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
 On Sun, 22 Jul 2012 22:41:57 +0800, lei yang wrote:
 Hi,

 I want to build a netcat on my local pc (ubuntu) with gcc, is it
 possible? I'm new to free bsd



 it has no -U flag, can you point me where I get this version

Have you checked the other version of netcat already available?  A quick
check shows these four versions for Ubuntu:

netcat: TCP/IP swiss army knife -- transitional package
netcat-openbsd: TCP/IP swiss army knife
netcat-traditional: TCP/IP swiss army knife
netcat6: TCP/IP swiss army knife with IPv6 support

-- 
Carl Johnsonca...@peak.org

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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[Polytropon]

On Mon, 23 Jul 2012 23:29:38 +0800, lei yang wrote:
 Yes, the second version I post is using the source from you supplied,
 then I compiled it, but it has no
 -U flag like what I post, it seems a version different casued this.

Yes. The version distributed by the ports collection is different
from that one supplied with the base system of FreeBSD.

To try _that_ version, you can download the source tarball and
extract it; in the directory 

# wget ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/i386/9.0-RELEASE/src.txz
# tar xvf src.txz
# cd cusr/src/ontrib/netcat/
# ls
FREEBSD-XlistFREEBSD-vendor   atomicio.h   netcat.c
FREEBSD-upgrade  atomicio.c   nc.1 socks.c
# 
your build command(s) here

You can check the FTP server for other versions of the OS
(e. g. different branch and architecture, starting at
ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/, then selecting
architecture and finally the OS version). There are also
different ways of obtaining the sources, but the solution
shown here should be sufficient.

(You can use tar xvf src.txz usr/src/contrib/netcat to
only extract the files for netcat instead of everything,
but it _might_ be possible that the build process needs
some files from other locations.)

If you don't have wget installed, stock ftp location
command should also work for downloading.




 I don't know where to find the source code in Red Hat.

Me neither, but check man hier on a RH system to get
the documentation about the file system hierarchy which
should have detailed information on what is stored where.




-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[Robert Bonomi]

 From owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org  Sun Jul 22 09:44:21 2012
 Date: Sun, 22 Jul 2012 22:41:57 +0800
 From: lei yang yanglei.f...@gmail.com
 To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
 Subject: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

 Hi,

 I want to build a netcat on my local pc (ubuntu) with gcc, is it
 possible? I'm new to free bsd

 I have to quesion:
 1)where to download it's source it for netcat
 2)how to build it on ubuntu with gcc? only make?

Ubuntu is a _LINUX_ distribution.  Unrelated to FreeBSD.

'That which works' on FreeBSD is -not- likely to work on a LINUX distro,
and vice-versa.

If you want to use netcat on FreeBSD, people here can help.

If you want to use it on some LINUX distro, your better off asking 
on a forum for _that_ O/S an istro.

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Re: help about free bsp version netcat to work it on ubuntu

[lei yang]

On Mon, Jul 23, 2012 at 12:25 AM, Polytropon free...@edvax.de wrote:
 On Sun, 22 Jul 2012 22:41:57 +0800, lei yang wrote:
 Hi,

 I want to build a netcat on my local pc (ubuntu) with gcc, is it
 possible? I'm new to free bsd

 I hope I don't misunderstand your intention: You are trying to
 build a Linux executable of netcat from FreeBSD's sources?

 You _do_ know that FreeBSD and Linux (here: Ubuntu) are two
 totally different operating systems. I'm not sure code is
 compatible at this level (but it maybe _could_ be, you'd
 have to try it).

 The netcat program (nc) is part of the FreeBSD operating
 system for some time now. There's also a port of netcat
 in /usr/ports/net/netcat (which can also be used). That
 port's Makefile lists some sources:

 ftp://coast.cs.purdue.edu/pub/tools/unix/netutils/netcat/

 ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/packages/security/purdue/netutils/netcat/

 http://www.planetmirror.com/pub/lprng/TOOLS/

 You could try to use that source distribution as well.




Thanks for the great help, I have built it successfully on my ubuntu.
I find it's not the version I want
I want use the version on Rehat,which has a -U flag( yes, I want to
use this flag) but the above version has no this flag

on redhat:

usage: nc [-46DdhklnrStUuvzC] [-i interval] [-p source_port]
  [-s source_ip_address] [-T ToS] [-w timeout] [-X proxy_version]
  [-x proxy_address[:port]] [hostname] [port[s]]
Command Summary:
-4  Use IPv4
-6  Use IPv6
-D  Enable the debug socket option
-d  Detach from stdin
-h  This help text
-i secs Delay interval for lines sent, ports scanned
-k  Keep inbound sockets open for multiple connects
-l  Listen mode, for inbound connects
-n  Suppress name/port resolutions
-p port Specify local port for remote connects
-r  Randomize remote ports
-s addr Local source address
-T ToS  Set IP Type of Service
-C  Send CRLF as line-ending
-t  Answer TELNET negotiation
-U  Use UNIX domain socket
-u  UDP mode
-v  Verbose
-w secs Timeout for connects and final net reads
-X protoProxy protocol: 4, 5 (SOCKS) or connect
-x addr[:port]  Specify proxy address and port
-z  Zero-I/O mode [used for scanning]
Port numbers can be individual or ranges: lo-hi [inclusive]

--
with the above you list:

lyang0@lyang0-OptiPlex-755:~/tmp/nc110$ ./nc -help
[v1.10]
connect to somewhere:   nc [-options] hostname port[s] [ports] ...
listen for inbound: nc -l -p port [-options] [hostname] [port]
options:
-g gateway  source-routing hop point[s], up to 8
-G num  source-routing pointer: 4, 8, 12, ...
-h  this cruft
-i secs delay interval for lines sent, ports scanned
-l  listen mode, for inbound connects
-n  numeric-only IP addresses, no DNS
-o file hex dump of traffic
-p port local port number
-r  randomize local and remote ports
-s addr local source address
-u  UDP mode
-v  verbose [use twice to be more verbose]
-w secs timeout for connects and final net reads
-z  zero-I/O mode [used for scanning]
port numbers can be individual or ranges: lo-hi [inclusive]


it has no -U flag, can you point me where I get this version

Lei






 I have to quesion:
 1)where to download it's source it for netcat

 They can be found in /usr/src/contrib/netcat/ once you have
 extracted the source distribution of FreeBSD. Depending on
 which version of the OS (branch, revision, platform) you
 need, you have to select the corresponding archive from
 one of the download mirrors.

 Visit http://www.freebsd.org/ to find out where and how
 to obtain FreeBSD (or components of it). I would suggest
 using one of the FTP servers that are accessible for you
 at a good speed.



 2)how to build it on ubuntu with gcc? only make?

 I'm not even sure Linux will be able to compile FreeBSD
 sources. A typical Linux build would consist of the
 three commands

 # ./configure
 # make
 # make install

 but FreeBSD's OS sources don't need the 1st step. The
 Makefiles distributed

(Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

[Budnev Vladimir]

Hello everyone.
We'v noticed some strange situation. After reboot and login, system 
didn't ask for password while switchig with su -l.


In details, there was root login from terminal and one from ssh.
Terminal login was directly as root(via ip-console), and ssh was as 
user, then attemped switch to root with su -l, and there were NO 
password request,no prompt at all. At the same time login from terminal 
accepted root password, first I thought that means password wasn't 
empty, but system even with empty password should print Password:..and 
that time it was nothing absolultey. We even logged out and then su -l 
again.


And It looked such way:

%su -l
St-serv#
St-serv# exit
%su -l
St-serv#

We'v been shocked and hurried a bit and changed root password without 
/etc/master.passwd backup for explorations.

After chagning password we cant no reprocude such behaviour.

It's also should be noticed that system was booting after unsafe power 
shutdown, and there was fs-check running in background(accroding to 
logs), corrected cleared some files(searching by inum resulted to nothing).


sysctl -a gave such string:
118Starting background file system checks in 60 seconds.
118

and in /var/log/messages we could see:
Jun 15 14:57:39 St-serv kernel: em0: link state changed to UP
Jun 15 14:57:49 St-serv login: ROOT LOGIN (root) ON ttyv0
Jun 15 14:58:47 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1e: 71 files, 11 used, 2538508 
free (84 frags, 317303 blocks, 0.0% fragmentation)
Jun 15 15:02:31 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1f: 264646 files, 1378041 used, 
60368113 free (43545 frags, 7540571 blocks, 0.1% fragmentation)

Jun 15 15:03:31 St-serv su: zimmer to root on /dev/ttyp0
Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: INCORRECT BLOCK COUNT 
I=1931747 (897632 should be 897600) (CORRECTED)
Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: INCORRECT BLOCK COUNT 
I=1931748 (1865184 should be 1865120) (CORRECTED)
Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: INCORRECT BLOCK COUNT 
I=2284637 (4 should be 0) (CORRECTED)
Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: INCORRECT BLOCK COUNT 
I=2284713 (4 should be 0) (CORRECTED)
Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: UNREF FILE I=23557  
OWNER=root MODE=100644
Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: SIZE=0 MTIME=Jun  9 18:51 
2012  (CLEARED)
Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: UNREF FILE I=1931319  
OWNER=root MODE=100640
Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: SIZE=728 MTIME=Jul 26 17:37 
2011  (CLEARED)

...


I'v googled and found only one thread with su didnt'asking for password, 
that one was abut jails, but this time we have a 100% garanty that we 
didnt put any virtual enviroments.


So the thing that scares is, mb this is symptop of server rootkit? (We'v 
found nothing unusual in logs but it means nothing...) Or there is some 
other explanation why su could not ask password?



Thanks in advance

PS Duplicated question to freebsd-questions and freebsd-security because 
unsure which one it should be send.



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Re: (Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

[Mike Tancsa]

On 6/18/2012 9:31 AM, Budnev Vladimir wrote:
 
 And It looked such way:
 
 %su -l

Before you enter this command, post the output of
id


---Mike


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Mike Tancsa, tel +1 519 651 3400
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Providing Internet services since 1994 www.sentex.net
Cambridge, Ontario Canada   http://www.tancsa.com/
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Re: (Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

[Budnev Vladimir]

18.06.2012 18:02, Mike Tancsa написал:

On 6/18/2012 9:31 AM, Budnev Vladimir wrote:

And It looked such way:

%su -l

Before you enter this command, post the output of
id
Unfortunately, we can not flashback or reproduce that step now, cause 
we'v hurried and changed root password to avoid such strange free 
logins. And changing it back didnt change a thing. It was...and't went. 
We had only buffered console output :(
But mb you can point in what case there is possibility to make su -l 
without any prompt. I suppose you mean that user has gid=0 or smthng 
like that but it hasn't. And as i mentioned changin root password to 
another and backwards doesn't allow to reproduce discribed behaviour.


---Mike




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Re: (Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

[Chris Rees]

On Jun 18, 2012 2:34 PM, Budnev Vladimir vladimir.bud...@gmail.com
wrote:

 Hello everyone.
 We'v noticed some strange situation. After reboot and login, system
didn't ask for password while switchig with su -l.

 In details, there was root login from terminal and one from ssh.
 Terminal login was directly as root(via ip-console), and ssh was as user,
then attemped switch to root with su -l, and there were NO password
request,no prompt at all. At the same time login from terminal accepted
root password, first I thought that means password wasn't empty, but system
even with empty password should print Password:..and that time it was
nothing absolultey.

Empty password behaviour is for no prompt, so what you are seeing is
normal, and means that you did indeed have a empty password.

Check your logs very carefully over the past few weeks to make sure no one
has broken in.

Chris
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Re: (Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

[Mike Tancsa]

On 6/18/2012 10:24 AM, Budnev Vladimir wrote:
 But mb you can point in what case there is possibility to make su -l
 without any prompt. 

If the uid is 0, you wont need to enter a passwd

---Mike


-- 
---
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Sentex Communications, m...@sentex.net
Providing Internet services since 1994 www.sentex.net
Cambridge, Ontario Canada   http://www.tancsa.com/
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Re: (Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

[Budnev Vladimir]

18.06.2012 18:32, Chris Rees ???:



On Jun 18, 2012 2:34 PM, Budnev Vladimir vladimir.bud...@gmail.com 
mailto:vladimir.bud...@gmail.com wrote:


 Hello everyone.
 We'v noticed some strange situation. After reboot and login, system 
didn't ask for password while switchig with su -l.


 In details, there was root login from terminal and one from ssh.
 Terminal login was directly as root(via ip-console), and ssh was as 
user, then attemped switch to root with su -l, and there were NO 
password request,no prompt at all. At the same time login from 
terminal accepted root password, first I thought that means password 
wasn't empty, but system even with empty password should print 
Password:..and that time it was nothing absolultey.


Empty password behaviour is for no prompt, so what you are seeing is 
normal, and means that you did indeed have a empty password.


Interesintg could it be that master.passwd file corrupted (after power 
shutdown) and fsck corrected in background.. which resulted in such 
behaviour.


The strange thing with possibly empty password is that login from 
ip-console accepted correct password. So dont sure about empty...It 
seems like su was accepting any password at that time.


Check your logs very carefully over the past few weeks to make sure no 
one has broken in.


Yeah, seems we are forced to mount disks to another system and check for 
changes in critical system tools. Arghand then anyway redeploy system.


Chris



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Re: (Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

[Jason Hellenthal]

On Mon, Jun 18, 2012 at 05:31:54PM +0400, Budnev Vladimir wrote:
 Hello everyone.
 We'v noticed some strange situation. After reboot and login, system 
 didn't ask for password while switchig with su -l.
 
 In details, there was root login from terminal and one from ssh.
 Terminal login was directly as root(via ip-console), and ssh was as 
 user, then attemped switch to root with su -l, and there were NO 
 password request,no prompt at all. At the same time login from terminal 
 accepted root password, first I thought that means password wasn't 
 empty, but system even with empty password should print Password:..and 
 that time it was nothing absolultey. We even logged out and then su -l 
 again.
 
 And It looked such way:
 
 %su -l
 St-serv#
 St-serv# exit
 %su -l
 St-serv#
 
 We'v been shocked and hurried a bit and changed root password without 
 /etc/master.passwd backup for explorations.
 After chagning password we cant no reprocude such behaviour.
 
 It's also should be noticed that system was booting after unsafe power 
 shutdown, and there was fs-check running in background(accroding to 
 logs), corrected cleared some files(searching by inum resulted to nothing).
 
 sysctl -a gave such string:
 118Starting background file system checks in 60 seconds.
 118
 
 and in /var/log/messages we could see:
 Jun 15 14:57:39 St-serv kernel: em0: link state changed to UP
 Jun 15 14:57:49 St-serv login: ROOT LOGIN (root) ON ttyv0
 Jun 15 14:58:47 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1e: 71 files, 11 used, 2538508 
 free (84 frags, 317303 blocks, 0.0% fragmentation)
 Jun 15 15:02:31 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1f: 264646 files, 1378041 used, 
 60368113 free (43545 frags, 7540571 blocks, 0.1% fragmentation)
 Jun 15 15:03:31 St-serv su: zimmer to root on /dev/ttyp0
 Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: INCORRECT BLOCK COUNT 
 I=1931747 (897632 should be 897600) (CORRECTED)
 Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: INCORRECT BLOCK COUNT 
 I=1931748 (1865184 should be 1865120) (CORRECTED)
 Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: INCORRECT BLOCK COUNT 
 I=2284637 (4 should be 0) (CORRECTED)
 Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: INCORRECT BLOCK COUNT 
 I=2284713 (4 should be 0) (CORRECTED)
 Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: UNREF FILE I=23557  
 OWNER=root MODE=100644
 Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: SIZE=0 MTIME=Jun  9 18:51 
 2012  (CLEARED)
 Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: UNREF FILE I=1931319  
 OWNER=root MODE=100640
 Jun 15 15:03:43 St-serv fsck: /dev/ad0s1d: SIZE=728 MTIME=Jul 26 17:37 
 2011  (CLEARED)
 ...
 
 
 I'v googled and found only one thread with su didnt'asking for password, 
 that one was abut jails, but this time we have a 100% garanty that we 
 didnt put any virtual enviroments.
 
 So the thing that scares is, mb this is symptop of server rootkit? (We'v 
 found nothing unusual in logs but it means nothing...) Or there is some 
 other explanation why su could not ask password?
 

The only thing I can think of ATM is .. did you recently perform and
upgrade from source with this system ? mergemaster ?

The reason why I ask is that when doing such things the master.passwd is
compared to the default master.passwd which has no passowrd set. If a
merge when wrong then there is a possibility that it was set back to
defaults by accident.

I also see that your system booted up and did a fsck(8). There is a
chance that something wierd happened here as well.

 
 Thanks in advance
 
 PS Duplicated question to freebsd-questions and freebsd-security because 
 unsure which one it should be send.
 
 
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Re: (Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

[Budnev Vladimir]

18.06.2012 18:37, Mike Tancsa написал:

On 6/18/2012 10:24 AM, Budnev Vladimir wrote:

But mb you can point in what case there is possibility to make su -l
without any prompt.

If the uid is 0, you wont need to enter a passwd
Yeah i realized that you mean things came that way, but as I mentioned 
in prev mail, no gid or uid were 0, and we can not reproduce situation 
after password changing (we DID not changed any other system users)


---Mike




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Re: (Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

[Brian W.]

I have only seen thuis after a source upgrade where mergemaster wants to
remove the passwd.  Has a source upgrade been done recently?

Brian
On Jun 18, 2012 7:26 AM, Budnev Vladimir vladimir.bud...@gmail.com
wrote:

 18.06.2012 18:02, Mike Tancsa написал:

 On 6/18/2012 9:31 AM, Budnev Vladimir wrote:

 And It looked such way:

 %su -l

 Before you enter this command, post the output of
 id

 Unfortunately, we can not flashback or reproduce that step now, cause we'v
 hurried and changed root password to avoid such strange free logins. And
 changing it back didnt change a thing. It was...and't went. We had only
 buffered console output :(
 But mb you can point in what case there is possibility to make su -l
 without any prompt. I suppose you mean that user has gid=0 or smthng like
 that but it hasn't. And as i mentioned changin root password to another and
 backwards doesn't allow to reproduce discribed behaviour.


---Mike



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Re: (Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

[Bernt Hansson]

On 2012-06-18 16:41, Budnev Vladimir wrote:


The strange thing with possibly empty password is that login from
ip-console accepted correct password. So dont sure about empty...It
seems like su was accepting any password at that time.


That is the behavior with an empty password. The login would accept
any password.
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Re: (Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

[Robert Bonomi]

 From owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org  Mon Jun 18 09:25:32 2012
 Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2012 18:24:34 +0400
 From: Budnev Vladimir vladimir.bud...@gmail.com
 To: Mike Tancsa m...@sentex.net
 Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
 Subject: Re: (Free 7.2) su -l didnt prompt password.Is it possbile?

 18.06.2012 18:02, Mike Tancsa написал:
  On 6/18/2012 9:31 AM, Budnev Vladimir wrote:
  And It looked such way:
 
  %su -l
  Before you enter this command, post the output of
  id
 Unfortunately, we can not flashback or reproduce that step now, cause 
 we'v hurried and changed root password to avoid such strange free 
 logins. And changing it back didnt change a thing. It was...and't went. 
 We had only buffered console output :(
 But mb you can point in what case there is possibility to make su -l 
 without any prompt.``o

This _will_ happen if one is root, does 'su' to another user. and then
another 'su' to root.

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Re: Free space in ZFS

[CyberLeo Kitsana]

On 06/15/2012 04:02 PM, John Levine wrote:
 I made a three disk zraid ZFS pool yesterday from three new 1 TB
 disks, which I'm using for backup.  Then I did a backup and made a zfs
 volume.  The free space numbers don't make sense.  This is on 8.3, ZFS
 version 15.
 
 # zpool list
 NAME  SIZE   USED  AVAILCAP  HEALTH  ALTROOT
 backup2  2.72T   310G  2.42T11%  ONLINE  -
 
 Given that it's zraid, the total available space should be a little
 under 2TB since the third disk is for parity.  But zpool gives me a
 total of 2.72T, as though the third disk was for data.

raidz does not operate entirely like a traditional raid5. It stores
enough redundant information to survive a full disk failure, but that's
where the similarity ends.

When you write to a raid5, the data is striped in even strides across
n-1 disks, and parity is written to the remaining disk. The layout is
very rigidly structured, such that you can always determine where a
particular piece of data will end up by performing simple arithmetic.

When you write data to a raidz1, a single ZFS data block is chopped up
into n-1 equal-sized pieces (plus 1 piece for parity), and stored
wherever it will fit inside the pool. The storage allocator will make
sure that each piece ends up on a separate physical disk, but that's the
only restriction on placement.

So, when looking at the zpool itself, you see raw capacity that is
burned through at a rate of four-thirds (for a 4-disk raidz) as you
commit data to the pool.

 # zfs list
 NAMEUSED  AVAIL  REFER  MOUNTPOINT
 backup2 206G  1.58T  31.3K  /backup2
 backup2/20120615206G  1.58T   206G  /backup2/20120615
 
 Well, that makes more sense, total is 1.78Tb.

...but, when looking at the dataset itself, you see how much
(compressed, deduped) data is present (since you don't care about parity
at this level), and how much more data the allocator predicts you can
safely store on this dataset (which is affected by things like
compression, deduplication, reservations, and quotas).

 # df -g
 Filesystem1G-blocks Used Avail Capacity  Mounted on
 backup216180  1618 0%/backup2
 backup2/20120615   1825  206  161811%/backup2/20120615
 
 Now the total is 1.82Tb.  Huh?  The backup filesystems are compressed,
 but surely they're showing me the actual size, not the uncompressed
 size.  Or are they?

Don't bother with df. Because df was designed in the era of static
filesystems that never change capacity and always write verbatim, zfs
has to be 'creative' to represent the size in a manner that would be in
any way useful to a user. It doesn't always work. Google 'ZFS versus
df'[1] for more information.

Hope this helps!

[1] https://duckduckgo.com/?q=zfs+versus+df

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Fuzzy love,
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Technical Administrator
CyberLeo.Net Webhosting
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Free space in ZFS

[John Levine]

I made a three disk zraid ZFS pool yesterday from three new 1 TB
disks, which I'm using for backup.  Then I did a backup and made a zfs
volume.  The free space numbers don't make sense.  This is on 8.3, ZFS
version 15.

# zpool list
NAME  SIZE   USED  AVAILCAP  HEALTH  ALTROOT
backup2  2.72T   310G  2.42T11%  ONLINE  -

Given that it's zraid, the total available space should be a little
under 2TB since the third disk is for parity.  But zpool gives me a
total of 2.72T, as though the third disk was for data.

# zfs list
NAMEUSED  AVAIL  REFER  MOUNTPOINT
backup2 206G  1.58T  31.3K  /backup2
backup2/20120615206G  1.58T   206G  /backup2/20120615

Well, that makes more sense, total is 1.78Tb.

# df -g
Filesystem1G-blocks Used Avail Capacity  Mounted on
backup216180  1618 0%/backup2
backup2/20120615   1825  206  161811%/backup2/20120615

Now the total is 1.82Tb.  Huh?  The backup filesystems are compressed,
but surely they're showing me the actual size, not the uncompressed
size.  Or are they?

R's,
John

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Re: Installing free bsd

[Jamie Paul Griffin]

On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 11:58:33PM +, Frank Shute wrote:
 On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 06:05:29PM -0500, Jerry McAllister wrote:
 
  First of all, always include the list in a response to something
  from the list.   Other people will be reading and may well know
  more than me or any other person who responds.   eg, don't just 
  send the follow-on question back to the one responding.  Send it
  to the list.
  
  
  On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 04:26:06PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:
  
   do direct ftp to disk? And what do you mean by fixate?
  
  No.  You ftp the file down to the local machine and then use a CD burning 
  utility to burn file to the CD.   On FreeBSD there is one called 'burncd'.
  I am not familiar with the ones on a MS system, but there are several
  available.   Maybe someone else will suggest one or there is probably
  some information in the handbook.
  
  Fixate is something that finishes writing a terminal record on
  the CD image or something like that.  I don't really know in
  detail.   I think some burner utilities do it automatically with
  no choice.   The burncd utility needs to have you specify it.
  
  jerry
  
  
   
   On 12/12/11, Jerry McAllister jerr...@msu.edu wrote:
On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 02:36:04PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:
   
Im new to FreeBSD and did a FTP of 8.2 and unzipped to a cd rom. It
was an ISO Version. I then FTP the CDROM BOOT file and un zipped it.
Unfortunately It wont auto start when i put disk in computer startup.
Need support.. Is the windows format on disk causing problems?
   
Well, the .iso files you get from the FreeBSD distribution are ISO
image files that need to be burned directly to a disk.  There is no
other processing or formatting that may be done.
   
I do not know what you mean by 'unzipped to a cd rom'.  I have never
done anything that sounded like that.
   
You should just download the .iso file and burn in to a fresh cd
and fixate it.  Then boot it.
   
jerry
   
 
 I've used Nero in the past on a Windows system to burn an ISO. You can
 download it (probably timebombed) from http://www.tucows.com/ I think.
 
 Instructions on burning and fixating are here:
 
 http://iso.snoekonline.com/iso.htm
 
 
 Regards,
 
 -- 
 
  Frank
 
  Contact info: http://www.shute.org.uk/misc/contact.html
 
 

I recall having some trouble finding a decent ISO burner for Windows that 
didn't require paying but came across ActiveISO Burner. It's pretty decent, 
it's incredibly simple to use and has a clearly labeled option to burn ISO 
images. This was Windows 7 although it will be fine to use on most earlier 
versions. As others have mentioned you only need FreeBSD Disc1. I personally 
just use the User installation option which only installs binaries and man 
pages and docs. I don't install the sources and ports collection at that stage, 
I find it's best to add that later. Then I'd recommend updating your system 
using 'freebsd-update', at that point you can add the ports collection with 
'portsnap' and install loads of cool stuff, like X and a window manager. 
Personally I use xfce4. I used to use fvwm2 but I just like to have things 
operational quickly without fiddling with config files. 

Jamie
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Re: Installing free bsd

[Dave]

 Im new to FreeBSD and did a FTP of 8.2 and unzipped to a cd rom. It
 was an ISO Version. I then FTP the CDROM BOOT file and un zipped it.
 Unfortunately It wont auto start when i put disk in computer startup.
 Need support.. Is the windows format on disk causing problems?
 
 

Daniel..

The Windows format has nothing to do with the problem.

You need to take the .ISO image files, and burn a CD from it, not extract 
or copy it to a CD..

For Windows, I use this:-
http://www.ntfs.com/iso-burning.htm   It works very well, and the price 
is right (free.)  Very easy to use.

If you already have Nero Buring Rom installed, that will also take a 
.ISO file, and use it to burn a CD.  Slightly more complex to use, but 
does a good job.  (You need to select Burn an image to disk option, 
then go look for the .ISO file to use, it's not the default!)

There are many similar tools for the job, but just unzipping the file to 
a cd will not make a bootable disk.

Contrary to what some have said, Windows (certainly XP and earlier) do 
not recognise the .ISO format natively, so no ammount of clicking or 
double clicking on it will help.

You do of course, also have to configure your PC's bios to boot from a 
CD, or know the hotkey to interupt it's normal boot sequence, and tell it 
to boot from an alternative drive.

Hope this helps.

Regards.

Dave B.



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Re: Installing free bsd

[Anonymous Remailer (austria)]

 I recall having some trouble finding a decent ISO burner for Windows that
  didn't require paying but came across ActiveISO Burner.

If Freeburner is still available it works pretty well on
Winbloze. Alternatively have a friend burn it for you or boot a Linux live
CD like Knoppix or Slax and use K3B since it's very user friendly. 

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Re: Installing free bsd

[Jerry]

On Tue, 13 Dec 2011 11:30:47 -
Dave articulated:

  Im new to FreeBSD and did a FTP of 8.2 and unzipped to a cd rom. It
  was an ISO Version. I then FTP the CDROM BOOT file and un zipped it.
  Unfortunately It wont auto start when i put disk in computer
  startup. Need support.. Is the windows format on disk causing
  problems?
  
  
 
 Daniel..
 
 The Windows format has nothing to do with the problem.
 
 You need to take the .ISO image files, and burn a CD from it, not
 extract or copy it to a CD..
 
 For Windows, I use this:-
 http://www.ntfs.com/iso-burning.htm   It works very well, and the
 price is right (free.)  Very easy to use.
 
 If you already have Nero Buring Rom installed, that will also take
 a .ISO file, and use it to burn a CD.  Slightly more complex to use,
 but does a good job.  (You need to select Burn an image to disk
 option, then go look for the .ISO file to use, it's not the default!)
 
 There are many similar tools for the job, but just unzipping the file
 to a cd will not make a bootable disk.
 
 Contrary to what some have said, Windows (certainly XP and earlier)
 do not recognise the .ISO format natively, so no ammount of clicking
 or double clicking on it will help.
 
 You do of course, also have to configure your PC's bios to boot from
 a CD, or know the hotkey to interupt it's normal boot sequence, and
 tell it to boot from an alternative drive.

I don't remember if the OP listed the version of Windows that they were
using. If it is Windows 7, then all they need do to burn an ISO
image in Windows 7 is simply right-click on an ISO image and choose
Burn disc image. A menu will pop up giving the user the option of
choosing where to burn the image and if they want to verify the burn.
It couldn't get any simpler.

-- 
Jerry ♔

Disclaimer: off-list followups get on-list replies or get ignored.
Please do not ignore the Reply-To header.
__

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Free memory exhausted by networking

[Dmitriy Kryuk]

I'm running Transmission (http://www.transmissionbt.com/), а BitTorrent 
client on my FreeBSD 7.2 box. It requests large recieve buffers for its 
network connections. This leaves my system with absolutely no free 
memory. If some process frees a large amount of memory, it gets consumed 
about 1.5 megabytes per second until it drops to zero.
I don't seem to have any problems like denied network connections or 
memory allocation, but it makes my system swap in and out often.

As top shows:

CPU: 24.9% user, 0.0% nice, 27.2% system, 33.1% interrupt, 14.8% idle
Mem: 217M Active, 143M Inact, 105M Wired, 25M Cache, 59M Buf, 8K Free
Swap: 4352M Total, 236K Used, 4352M Free

I wasn't able to reproduce this problem with any other program, but it 
clearly disappears when I stop Transmission. The amount of free memory 
rarely drops below 5 MB without Transmission running.

netstat -m shows nothing criminal:

4642/983/5625 mbufs in use (current/cache/total)
3380/214/3594/65536 mbuf clusters in use (current/cache/total/max)
3380/103 mbuf+clusters out of packet secondary zone in use (current/cache)
346/93/439/8480 4k (page size) jumbo clusters in use 
(current/cache/total/max)

0/0/0/4240 9k jumbo clusters in use (current/cache/total/max)
0/0/0/2120 16k jumbo clusters in use (current/cache/total/max)
9304K/1045K/10350K bytes allocated to network (current/cache/total)
0/0/0 requests for mbufs denied (mbufs/clusters/mbuf+clusters)
0/0/0 requests for jumbo clusters denied (4k/9k/16k)
0/5/4496 sfbufs in use (current/peak/max)
0 requests for sfbufs denied
0 requests for sfbufs delayed
0 requests for I/O initiated by sendfile
0 calls to protocol drain routines

My sysctl tunes:

vfs.usermount=1
kern.ipc.nmbclusters=65536
kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=4194304
kern.ipc.maxsockets=204800
net.tcp.sendbuf_inc=16384
net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_inc=131072
net.inet.ip.fastforwarding=1
net.inet.tcp.tcbhashsize=4096

How do I make FreeBSD keep some memory free (and so avoid swapping) with 
Transmission running?

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Re: Free memory exhausted by networking

[Adam Vande More]

On Tue, Dec 13, 2011 at 11:57 AM, Dmitriy Kryuk kryukdmit...@rambler.ruwrote:


 How do I make FreeBSD keep some memory free (and so avoid swapping) with
 Transmission running?


Your top(1) output doesn't indicate to me that swapping is a problem.
There were some performance problems with Transmission on FreeBSD.  Are you
sure they have been resolved?

https://forum.transmissionbt.com/viewtopic.php?f=2t=11687

-- 
Adam Vande More
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Re: Free memory exhausted by networking

[RW]

On Wed, 14 Dec 2011 00:57:52 +0700
Dmitriy Kryuk wrote:

 I'm running Transmission (http://www.transmissionbt.com/), а
 BitTorrent client on my FreeBSD 7.2 box. It requests large recieve
 buffers for its network connections. This leaves my system with
 absolutely no free memory. If some process frees a large amount of
 memory, it gets consumed about 1.5 megabytes per second until it
 drops to zero. I don't seem to have any problems like denied network
 connections or memory allocation, but it makes my system swap in and
 out often. As top shows:
 
 CPU: 24.9% user, 0.0% nice, 27.2% system, 33.1% interrupt, 14.8% idle
 Mem: 217M Active, 143M Inact, 105M Wired, 25M Cache, 59M Buf, 8K Free
 Swap: 4352M Total, 236K Used, 4352M Free

Swapping doesn't have much to do with low free memory.

There's actually very little swap use, but only 2 pages of free memory.
I think that means that the memory is being used for interrupt
handling, because anything else would allocate from the cache queue
well before that happened. 

You might try switching the interface to polling or increasing both of
the free memory watermarks vm.v_free_min and vm.v_free_target. 
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Installing free bsd

[Daniel Lewis]

Im new to FreeBSD and did a FTP of 8.2 and unzipped to a cd rom. It
was an ISO Version. I then FTP the CDROM BOOT file and un zipped it.
Unfortunately It wont auto start when i put disk in computer startup.
Need support.. Is the windows format on disk causing problems?
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Re: Installing free bsd

[Jerry McAllister]

On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 02:36:04PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:

 Im new to FreeBSD and did a FTP of 8.2 and unzipped to a cd rom. It
 was an ISO Version. I then FTP the CDROM BOOT file and un zipped it.
 Unfortunately It wont auto start when i put disk in computer startup.
 Need support.. Is the windows format on disk causing problems?

Well, the .iso files you get from the FreeBSD distribution are ISO
image files that need to be burned directly to a disk.  There is no
other processing or formatting that may be done.   

I do not know what you mean by 'unzipped to a cd rom'.  I have never
done anything that sounded like that.

You should just download the .iso file and burn in to a fresh cd 
and fixate it.  Then boot it.

jerry  
 
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Re: Installing free bsd

[Pierre-Luc Drouin]

On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 4:00 PM, Jerry McAllister jerr...@msu.edu wrote:
 On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 02:36:04PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:

 Im new to FreeBSD and did a FTP of 8.2 and unzipped to a cd rom. It
 was an ISO Version. I then FTP the CDROM BOOT file and un zipped it.
 Unfortunately It wont auto start when i put disk in computer startup.
 Need support.. Is the windows format on disk causing problems?

 Well, the .iso files you get from the FreeBSD distribution are ISO
 image files that need to be burned directly to a disk.  There is no
 other processing or formatting that may be done.

 I do not know what you mean by 'unzipped to a cd rom'.  I have never
 done anything that sounded like that.

 You should just download the .iso file and burn in to a fresh cd
 and fixate it.  Then boot it.

 jerry

Yeah, there is nothing to unzip. You need to simply burn the ISO
image on a CD/DVD. Once it is burned you should look at the content of
the CD/DVD and you should see the files that are part of the ISO
image...
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Re: Installing free bsd

[Dermidio A.P.]

Pierre-Luc Drouin wrote:

On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 4:00 PM, Jerry McAllisterjerr...@msu.edu  wrote:
   

On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 02:36:04PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:
 

Im new to FreeBSD and did a FTP of 8.2 and unzipped to a cd rom. It
was an ISO Version. I then FTP the CDROM BOOT file and un zipped it.
Unfortunately It wont auto start when i put disk in computer startup.
Need support.. Is the windows format on disk causing problems?
   

Well, the .iso files you get from the FreeBSD distribution are ISO
image files that need to be burned directly to a disk.  There is no
other processing or formatting that may be done.

I do not know what you mean by 'unzipped to a cd rom'.  I have never
done anything that sounded like that.

You should just download the .iso file and burn in to a fresh cd
and fixate it.  Then boot it.

jerry
 

Yeah, there is nothing to unzip. You need to simply burn the ISO
image on a CD/DVD. Once it is burned you should look at the content of
the CD/DVD and you should see the files that are part of the ISO
image...

   

Hello, Daniel Lewis:

If you come from Windows world, probably by unzipping to a cd rom you 
mean
double-clicking the .iso file and burning to a cd the displayed content 
of the iso file.

Please, don't do that.

Just look for  burn image in your cd burning program, navigate to your 
just

downloaded .iso file and select it for burning.

If you want to install 8.2 version, you only need to download and burn 
the file:


FreeBSD-8.2-RELEASE-i386-disc1.iso

and later, maybe you will need to burn (in the same way, better in 
different disks) the files:


FreeBSD-8.2-RELEASE-i386-disc2.iso and FreeBSD-8.2-RELEASE-i386-disc3.iso

Then (Backup all your data) insert the first cd (-disc1.iso), restart 
your PC and

select booting from the cd drive.

But first! Please read more detailed instructions, and *Warnings* in:

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/install-pre.html

Good luck,
dermidio.
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Re: Installing free bsd

[Jerry McAllister]

First of all, always include the list in a response to something
from the list.   Other people will be reading and may well know
more than me or any other person who responds.   eg, don't just 
send the follow-on question back to the one responding.  Send it
to the list.


On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 04:26:06PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:

 do direct ftp to disk? And what do you mean by fixate?

No.  You ftp the file down to the local machine and then use a CD burning 
utility to burn file to the CD.   On FreeBSD there is one called 'burncd'.
I am not familiar with the ones on a MS system, but there are several
available.   Maybe someone else will suggest one or there is probably
some information in the handbook.

Fixate is something that finishes writing a terminal record on
the CD image or something like that.  I don't really know in
detail.   I think some burner utilities do it automatically with
no choice.   The burncd utility needs to have you specify it.

jerry


 
 On 12/12/11, Jerry McAllister jerr...@msu.edu wrote:
  On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 02:36:04PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:
 
  Im new to FreeBSD and did a FTP of 8.2 and unzipped to a cd rom. It
  was an ISO Version. I then FTP the CDROM BOOT file and un zipped it.
  Unfortunately It wont auto start when i put disk in computer startup.
  Need support.. Is the windows format on disk causing problems?
 
  Well, the .iso files you get from the FreeBSD distribution are ISO
  image files that need to be burned directly to a disk.  There is no
  other processing or formatting that may be done.
 
  I do not know what you mean by 'unzipped to a cd rom'.  I have never
  done anything that sounded like that.
 
  You should just download the .iso file and burn in to a fresh cd
  and fixate it.  Then boot it.
 
  jerry
 
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Re: Installing free bsd

[Frank Shute]

On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 06:05:29PM -0500, Jerry McAllister wrote:

 First of all, always include the list in a response to something
 from the list.   Other people will be reading and may well know
 more than me or any other person who responds.   eg, don't just 
 send the follow-on question back to the one responding.  Send it
 to the list.
 
 
 On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 04:26:06PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:
 
  do direct ftp to disk? And what do you mean by fixate?
 
 No.  You ftp the file down to the local machine and then use a CD burning 
 utility to burn file to the CD.   On FreeBSD there is one called 'burncd'.
 I am not familiar with the ones on a MS system, but there are several
 available.   Maybe someone else will suggest one or there is probably
 some information in the handbook.
 
 Fixate is something that finishes writing a terminal record on
 the CD image or something like that.  I don't really know in
 detail.   I think some burner utilities do it automatically with
 no choice.   The burncd utility needs to have you specify it.
 
 jerry
 
 
  
  On 12/12/11, Jerry McAllister jerr...@msu.edu wrote:
   On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 02:36:04PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:
  
   Im new to FreeBSD and did a FTP of 8.2 and unzipped to a cd rom. It
   was an ISO Version. I then FTP the CDROM BOOT file and un zipped it.
   Unfortunately It wont auto start when i put disk in computer startup.
   Need support.. Is the windows format on disk causing problems?
  
   Well, the .iso files you get from the FreeBSD distribution are ISO
   image files that need to be burned directly to a disk.  There is no
   other processing or formatting that may be done.
  
   I do not know what you mean by 'unzipped to a cd rom'.  I have never
   done anything that sounded like that.
  
   You should just download the .iso file and burn in to a fresh cd
   and fixate it.  Then boot it.
  
   jerry
  

I've used Nero in the past on a Windows system to burn an ISO. You can
download it (probably timebombed) from http://www.tucows.com/ I think.

Instructions on burning and fixating are here:

http://iso.snoekonline.com/iso.htm


Regards,

-- 

 Frank

 Contact info: http://www.shute.org.uk/misc/contact.html




pgpbWsoagepsp.pgp
Description: PGP signature

Re: Installing free bsd

[Da Rock]

On 12/13/11 09:58, Frank Shute wrote:

On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 06:05:29PM -0500, Jerry McAllister wrote:

First of all, always include the list in a response to something
from the list.   Other people will be reading and may well know
more than me or any other person who responds.   eg, don't just
send the follow-on question back to the one responding.  Send it
to the list.


On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 04:26:06PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:


do direct ftp to disk? And what do you mean by fixate?

No.  You ftp the file down to the local machine and then use a CD burning
utility to burn file to the CD.   On FreeBSD there is one called 'burncd'.
I am not familiar with the ones on a MS system, but there are several
available.   Maybe someone else will suggest one or there is probably
some information in the handbook.

Fixate is something that finishes writing a terminal record on
the CD image or something like that.  I don't really know in
detail.   I think some burner utilities do it automatically with
no choice.   The burncd utility needs to have you specify it.

jerry



On 12/12/11, Jerry McAllisterjerr...@msu.edu  wrote:

On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 02:36:04PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:


Im new to FreeBSD and did a FTP of 8.2 and unzipped to a cd rom. It
was an ISO Version. I then FTP the CDROM BOOT file and un zipped it.
Unfortunately It wont auto start when i put disk in computer startup.
Need support.. Is the windows format on disk causing problems?

Well, the .iso files you get from the FreeBSD distribution are ISO
image files that need to be burned directly to a disk.  There is no
other processing or formatting that may be done.

I do not know what you mean by 'unzipped to a cd rom'.  I have never
done anything that sounded like that.

You should just download the .iso file and burn in to a fresh cd
and fixate it.  Then boot it.

jerry


I've used Nero in the past on a Windows system to burn an ISO. You can
download it (probably timebombed) from http://www.tucows.com/ I think.

Instructions on burning and fixating are here:

http://iso.snoekonline.com/iso.htm


Regards,

Depending on your windows (xp and later) it should be built-in (only a 
very basic one though). Double click and it should give an option to 
burn the disk. Once its completed, voila! You have the ultimate weapon 
in the computing world! Sorry... got carried away, but nearly accurate 
though :) - you have a bootable disk to install FreeBSD 8.2. Mostly 
you'll only need disk 1. The others have pkg files for certain 
applications, but you can download those as you need them automatically 
using pkg_add -r and connected to the internet. That way you get the 
updated versions as well. Better yet: try the ports instead. For more 
info on either check out the handbook http://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/.


Good luck!
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Re: Installing free bsd

[Noel]

On 12/12/2011 5:05 PM, Jerry McAllister wrote:
 On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 04:26:06PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:
 do direct ftp to disk? And what do you mean by fixate?
 No.  You ftp the file down to the local machine and then use a CD burning 
 utility to burn file to the CD.


Daniel,

An ISO file is basically a snapshot of a CD (or DVD or BlueRay)
disc.  You need special software to burn the image to a CD.   Do NOT
open the ISO file and copy the contents to a CD; that won't work.

Windows 7 includes the ability to burn an iso; right-click the .iso
file and pick Burn disc image.

For WinXP/Vista (or if you want a little more control in Win7), you
need an iso burner program.  Here's a free one I've used this in the
past:
http://www.ntfs.com/iso_burner_free.htm




  -- Noel Jones
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Re: Installing free bsd

[Edwin L. Culp W.]

On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 5:48 PM, Noel noeld...@gmail.com wrote:
 On 12/12/2011 5:05 PM, Jerry McAllister wrote:
  On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 04:26:06PM -0600, Daniel Lewis wrote:
 do direct ftp to disk? And what do you mean by fixate?
 No.  You ftp the file down to the local machine and then use a CD burning
 utility to burn file to the CD.


 Daniel,

 An ISO file is basically a snapshot of a CD (or DVD or BlueRay)
 disc.  You need special software to burn the image to a CD.   Do NOT
 open the ISO file and copy the contents to a CD; that won't work.

 Windows 7 includes the ability to burn an iso; right-click the .iso
 file and pick Burn disc image.

 For WinXP/Vista (or if you want a little more control in Win7), you
 need an iso burner program.  Here's a free one I've used this in the
 past:
 http://www.ntfs.com/iso_burner_free.htm




  -- Noel Jones
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I usually use k3b, think it is great for all cd -dvd burning and I
have also followed the Handbook and used sysutils/cdrtools-devel and
worked perfectly and didn't need kde.

ed
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Re: Free BSD Website Question

[Frank]

Hey Julian,

Thanks for the kind response - rough crowd :)

We actually do offer support for BSD and have installed it on a handful of
customers machines.  I'm working with our website guy right now to get a
logo up and an informational page to match.  I'll let you know once I have
this completed and you can give us another look.

-Frank Anderson
*webhosting.net*
reliable. scalable. secure.



On Wed, Nov 23, 2011 at 2:55 PM, Julian H. Stacey j...@berklix.com wrote:

 Hi,
 Reference:
  From: Jonathan Vomacka juvi...@gmail.com
  Date: Wed, 23 Nov 2011 17:39:44 -0500
  Message-id:   
 cabfwsfq+9msmvb453nvkc1whdgadkkdsreywov8vt31toec...@mail.gmail.com

 Jonathan Vomacka wrote:
  Absolutely not

 Jonathan, Dont top post please. (But agreed, doesnt seem BSD)

 Frank, I looked at that site. I saw a Penguin.
  http://www.webhosting.net/linux_web_hosting.aspx

 Nothing BSD seen. If you want to be listed, provide URLS to [Free]BSD
 based products or services. you offer, then it might be worth
 redirecting this from questions@ to a more appropriate address.
 But if no BSD, sorry, not appropriate.

  On Nov 23, 2011 4:54 PM, Frank fr...@webhosting.net wrote:
 
   Hey FreeBSD,
  
   I saw that you had a list of web hosting providers on your website and
   wondered if you would consider adding WebHosting.net to your list.
   http://www.freebsd.org/commercial/isp.html
  
   We have been around since 1998 and focus on more advanced hosting needs
   like cloud hosting, exchange hosting, and dedicated servers. We have
   recently launched a new version of our site and are also doing a bit
 of a
   push to have more people try our service.
  
   If you would consider adding us to your list we would be incredibly
   grateful and please let me know if you’d like any more information
 about
   WebHosting.net.
  
   -Frank Anderson
   *webhosting.net*
   reliable. scalable. secure.
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 Cheers,
 Julian
 --
 Julian Stacey, BSD Unix Linux C Sys Eng Consultants Munich
 http://berklix.com
  Reply below not above, cumulative like a play script,  indent with  .
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Re: Free BSD Website Question

[Adam Vande More]

On Wed, Nov 23, 2011 at 3:24 PM, Frank fr...@webhosting.net wrote:

 Hey FreeBSD,

 I saw that you had a list of web hosting providers on your website and
 wondered if you would consider adding WebHosting.net to your list.
 http://www.freebsd.org/commercial/isp.html


Instructions for getting on that list are right on the page.

-- 
Adam Vande More
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Re: Free BSD Website Question

[Robison, Dave]

On 12/01/2011 12:17, Frank wrote:

Hey Julian,

Thanks for the kind response - rough crowd :)




Some people on certain lists should just add the phrase Wanna fight!? 
to their signatures.


We're not all like that.



--
Dave Robison
Sales Solution Architect II
FIS Banking Solutions
510/621-2089 (w)
530/518-5194 (c)
510/621-2020 (f)
da...@vicor.com
david.robi...@fisglobal.com

_
The information contained in this message is proprietary and/or confidential. 
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Re: Free BSD Website Question

[Julian H. Stacey]

Adam Vande More wrote:
 On Wed, Nov 23, 2011 at 3:24 PM, Frank fr...@webhosting.net wrote:
 
  Hey FreeBSD,
 
  I saw that you had a list of web hosting providers on your website and
  wondered if you would consider adding WebHosting.net to your list.
  http://www.freebsd.org/commercial/isp.html
 
 
 Instructions for getting on that list are right on the page.

Thanks Adam, just saved me looking up a URL for Frank :-)

Cheers,
Julian
-- 
Julian Stacey, BSD Unix Linux C Sys Eng Consultants Munich http://berklix.com
 Reply below not above, cumulative like a play script,  indent with  .
 Format: Plain text. Not HTML, multipart/alternative, base64, quoted-printable.
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Free BSD Website Question

[Frank]

Hey FreeBSD,

I saw that you had a list of web hosting providers on your website and
wondered if you would consider adding WebHosting.net to your list.
http://www.freebsd.org/commercial/isp.html

We have been around since 1998 and focus on more advanced hosting needs
like cloud hosting, exchange hosting, and dedicated servers. We have
recently launched a new version of our site and are also doing a bit of a
push to have more people try our service.

If you would consider adding us to your list we would be incredibly
grateful and please let me know if you’d like any more information about
WebHosting.net.

-Frank Anderson
*webhosting.net*
reliable. scalable. secure.
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Re: Free BSD Website Question

[Jonathan Vomacka]

Absolutely not
On Nov 23, 2011 4:54 PM, Frank fr...@webhosting.net wrote:

 Hey FreeBSD,

 I saw that you had a list of web hosting providers on your website and
 wondered if you would consider adding WebHosting.net to your list.
 http://www.freebsd.org/commercial/isp.html

 We have been around since 1998 and focus on more advanced hosting needs
 like cloud hosting, exchange hosting, and dedicated servers. We have
 recently launched a new version of our site and are also doing a bit of a
 push to have more people try our service.

 If you would consider adding us to your list we would be incredibly
 grateful and please let me know if you’d like any more information about
 WebHosting.net.

 -Frank Anderson
 *webhosting.net*
 reliable. scalable. secure.
 ___
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Re: Free BSD Website Question

[Julian H. Stacey]

Hi,
Reference:
 From: Jonathan Vomacka juvi...@gmail.com 
 Date: Wed, 23 Nov 2011 17:39:44 -0500 
 Message-id:   
 cabfwsfq+9msmvb453nvkc1whdgadkkdsreywov8vt31toec...@mail.gmail.com 

Jonathan Vomacka wrote:
 Absolutely not

Jonathan, Dont top post please. (But agreed, doesnt seem BSD)

Frank, I looked at that site. I saw a Penguin.
 http://www.webhosting.net/linux_web_hosting.aspx

Nothing BSD seen. If you want to be listed, provide URLS to [Free]BSD
based products or services. you offer, then it might be worth
redirecting this from questions@ to a more appropriate address.
But if no BSD, sorry, not appropriate.

 On Nov 23, 2011 4:54 PM, Frank fr...@webhosting.net wrote:
 
  Hey FreeBSD,
 
  I saw that you had a list of web hosting providers on your website and
  wondered if you would consider adding WebHosting.net to your list.
  http://www.freebsd.org/commercial/isp.html
 
  We have been around since 1998 and focus on more advanced hosting needs
  like cloud hosting, exchange hosting, and dedicated servers. We have
  recently launched a new version of our site and are also doing a bit of a
  push to have more people try our service.
 
  If you would consider adding us to your list we would be incredibly
  grateful and please let me know if you’d like any more information about
  WebHosting.net.
 
  -Frank Anderson
  *webhosting.net*
  reliable. scalable. secure.
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Cheers,
Julian
-- 
Julian Stacey, BSD Unix Linux C Sys Eng Consultants Munich http://berklix.com
 Reply below not above, cumulative like a play script,  indent with  .
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Check Memory Usage, program like 'free' in Linux

[Jon Schipp]

Is there a program to check physical memory usage in FreeBSD(using 8.2
RELEASE)?
In vain of 'free' in Linux.

I know you can check the values with sysctl, I was just checking if anyone
has a cleaner option.
I was always curious.

Thanks
Jon
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Re: Check Memory Usage, program like 'free' in Linux

[Edward]

On 11/3/11 9:18 PM, Jon Schipp wrote:
 Is there a program to check physical memory usage in FreeBSD(using 8.2
 RELEASE)?

Hi Jon,

Check out the port /usr/ports/sysutils/sysinfo .

HTH
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Re: Check Memory Usage, program like 'free' in Linux

[Jon Schipp]

On Thu, Nov 3, 2011 at 9:25 AM, Rares Aioanei bsdlis...@gmail.com wrote:

 On 11/03/2011 03:18 PM, Jon Schipp wrote:

 Is there a program to check physical memory usage in FreeBSD(using 8.2
 RELEASE)?
 In vain of 'free' in Linux.

 I know you can check the values with sysctl, I was just checking if anyone
 has a cleaner option.
 I was always curious.

 Thanks
 Jon
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  top?


Crap, I forgot mention that it needs to be non-interactive, it will be for
e-mail alerts.

So that rules out top as for as I know.
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Re: Check Memory Usage, program like 'free' in Linux

[Mike Jeays]

On Thu, 3 Nov 2011 10:06:19 -0400
Jon Schipp jonsch...@gmail.com wrote:

 On Thu, Nov 3, 2011 at 9:25 AM, Rares Aioanei bsdlis...@gmail.com wrote:
 
  On 11/03/2011 03:18 PM, Jon Schipp wrote:
 
  Is there a program to check physical memory usage in FreeBSD(using 8.2
  RELEASE)?
  In vain of 'free' in Linux.
 
  I know you can check the values with sysctl, I was just checking if anyone
  has a cleaner option.
  I was always curious.
 
  Thanks
  Jon
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  unsubscr...@freebsd.org freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org
 
   top?
 
 
 Crap, I forgot mention that it needs to be non-interactive, it will be for
 e-mail alerts.
 
 So that rules out top as for as I know.
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top -n 1 followed by grep or awk might do what you want.

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Re: Check Memory Usage, program like 'free' in Linux

[mrkvrg]

Hello Jon,

Perhaps the port sysutils/freecolor.

Cheers ...

Mark

Is there a program to check physical memory usage in FreeBSD(using 8.2
RELEASE)?
In vain of 'free' in Linux.

I know you can check the values with sysctl, I was just checking if 
anyone
has a cleaner option.
I was always curious.

Thanks
Jon
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Re: Check Memory Usage, program like 'free' in Linux

[Lowell Gilbert]

Jon Schipp jonsch...@gmail.com writes:

 On Thu, Nov 3, 2011 at 9:25 AM, Rares Aioanei bsdlis...@gmail.com wrote:

 On 11/03/2011 03:18 PM, Jon Schipp wrote:

 Is there a program to check physical memory usage in FreeBSD(using 8.2
 RELEASE)?
 In vain of 'free' in Linux.

 I know you can check the values with sysctl, I was just checking if anyone
 has a cleaner option.
 I was always curious.

 Thanks
 Jon
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 unsubscr...@freebsd.org freebsd-questions-unsubscr...@freebsd.org

  top?


 Crap, I forgot mention that it needs to be non-interactive, it will be for
 e-mail alerts.

 So that rules out top as for as I know.

No, you could script it out of top(1), but I'm going to guess that
you're trying to be warned when the system is close to running out of
memory.  That is silly -- you paid for the memory; why would you *want* 
it to sit around doing nothing?

Also note that the definition of free is somewhat complicated.

Maybe if you described the actual problem you want to solve, we could
suggest a more appropriate answer.

A literal answer to your question might be: 
 top -d 1|grep '^Mem:'|cut -d ',' -f 6
assuming the format of the line of top doesn't change.
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Re: Check Memory Usage, program like 'free' in Linux

[Jon Schipp]

On Thu, Nov 3, 2011 at 11:35 AM, Robert Bonomi bon...@mail.r-bonomi.comwrote:

  From owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org  Thu Nov  3 08:17:46 2011
  Date: Thu, 3 Nov 2011 09:18:06 -0400
  From: Jon Schipp jonsch...@gmail.com
  To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
  Subject: Check Memory Usage, program like 'free' in Linux
 
  Is there a program to check physical memory usage in FreeBSD(using 8.2
  RELEASE)?
  In vain of 'free' in Linux.

 Having *NO* idea what linux 'free' does, your question is hard to answer.
 
  I know you can check the values with sysctl, I was just checking if
 anyone
  has a cleaner option.
  I was always curious.

 If you're just looking for the amount of 'free' memory, the 3rd field of
 the third line of the  output of vmstat(8) has that value.


I'm under the impression that virtual memory and physical memory usage are
very different.

e.g. vmstat and top report very different memory values.
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Re: Check Memory Usage, program like 'free' in Linux

[Jon Schipp]

On Thu, Nov 3, 2011 at 11:55 AM, Lowell Gilbert 
freebsd-questions-lo...@be-well.ilk.org wrote:

 Jon Schipp jonsch...@gmail.com writes:

  On Thu, Nov 3, 2011 at 9:25 AM, Rares Aioanei bsdlis...@gmail.com
 wrote:
 
  On 11/03/2011 03:18 PM, Jon Schipp wrote:
 
  Is there a program to check physical memory usage in FreeBSD(using 8.2
  RELEASE)?
  In vain of 'free' in Linux.
 
  I know you can check the values with sysctl, I was just checking if
 anyone
  has a cleaner option.
  I was always curious.
 
  Thanks
  Jon
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   top?
 
 
  Crap, I forgot mention that it needs to be non-interactive, it will be
 for
  e-mail alerts.
 
  So that rules out top as for as I know.

 No, you could script it out of top(1), but I'm going to guess that
 you're trying to be warned when the system is close to running out of
 memory.  That is silly -- you paid for the memory; why would you *want*
 it to sit around doing nothing?


While this isn't my intention...

I'm curious:

You wouldn't want to know when your machine has reached periods of high
memory utilization?
Occurrence/frequency information seems pretty valuable.
More importantly, at specific times, noticing patterns, use during/after
business hours
If you didn't want to use memory, it wouldn't be purchased. I don't think
keeping track of the utility of
your purchases is silly.

Also note that the definition of free is somewhat complicated.

 Maybe if you described the actual problem you want to solve, we could
 suggest a more appropriate answer.

 A literal answer to your question might be:
  top -d 1|grep '^Mem:'|cut -d ',' -f 6
 assuming the format of the line of top doesn't change.


That does the trick. I didn't think it was possible to grab data from
interactive programs without throwing in some garbage.
Should've tested.
Thanks
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Re: Check Memory Usage, program like 'free' in Linux

[Adam Vande More]

On Thu, Nov 3, 2011 at 11:12 AM, Jon Schipp jonsch...@gmail.com wrote:

 I'm under the impression that virtual memory and physical memory usage are
 very different.

 e.g. vmstat and top report very different memory values.


If I assume this is an XY problem, and your true goal is find out what
memory pressure a system is under then my answer would be to track the
percent of swap used.  Free memory is a useful utility on Windows XP, not
so much on FreeBSD.

So to answer your question in another way, there is a reason free doesn't
exist on FreeBSD.  It's not very meaningful.



-- 
Adam Vande More
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Re: Check Memory Usage, program like 'free' in Linux

[Lowell Gilbert]

Jon Schipp jonsch...@gmail.com writes:

 You wouldn't want to know when your machine has reached periods of high
 memory utilization?

No, I want to know when my machine would perform better if it had more
memory.  Keeping memory in use when it otherwise would be free means I
get *better* performance.

 Occurrence/frequency information seems pretty valuable.
 More importantly, at specific times, noticing patterns, use during/after
 business hours

 If you didn't want to use memory, it wouldn't be purchased. I don't think
 keeping track of the utility of
 your purchases is silly.

That makes sense, but the amount of free memory does not tell you any
of what you're saying you want to track.  Please start by reading the
FAQ question titled Why does top show very little free memory even when
I have very few programs running?.

 That does the trick. I didn't think it was possible to grab data from
 interactive programs without throwing in some garbage.

Technically, top(1) isn't an interactive program at all if you send its
output to a pipe.  It still could use terminal features, but it
doesn't.  This is described within the first 25 lines of its manual.  In
fact, I notice that the '-d 1' option (that I put in my suggestion) is
redundant. 
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Download this ONLY working *ABSOLUTE GUARANTEED FREE ENERGY DEVICE* ever invented that actually produces free electricity out of thin air

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Click below to view the page:
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Free BSD 9.0 Beta question

[mikelectronic]

Hi,

I'm from Portugal, I see this software on the net, and I make a Live  
cd to test him, But, when I try to run it, it ask me for a Login and  
Password, so my question is where can I get Login and Password?


Please feedback...

Br

Miguel Ferreira

Portugal
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Re: Free BSD 9.0 Beta question

[Polytropon]

On Sat, 10 Sep 2011 20:12:47 +0100, mikelectro...@sapo.pt wrote:
 
 Hi,
 
 I'm from Portugal, I see this software on the net, and I make a Live  
 cd to test him, But, when I try to run it, it ask me for a Login and  
 Password, so my question is where can I get Login and Password?

Per default, the username root is defined for the system
administrator, and has an _empty_ password. You can add a
username for yourself (see adduser command) and define
your own password. Password changes are done using the
passwd interactive command; see man passwd for details.

You'll find excellent documentation about FreeBSD on the
main web site.

The FreeBSD Handbook:
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/

The FreeBSD FAQ:
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/

Maybe I may also recommend this one for beginners:

Introduction to FreeBSD.
An Absolute Beginners Guide to FreeBSD:
http://www.vmunix.com/fbsd-book/book.phtml

In your case, refer to
15.1.   User Names and Passwords -- Logging In:
http://www.vmunix.com/fbsd-book/book.phtml#s1-15-1



-- 
Polytropon
Magdeburg, Germany
Happy FreeBSD user since 4.0
Andra moi ennepe, Mousa, ...
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Re: free sco unix

[Julian H. Stacey]

 I've set freebsd-chat as follow-up
Me too.  

Postings about copyright etc too numerous/ boring/ ignorant/ irrelevant,
  Too much focus on American law that does not apply to many
  of us on this international list, eg Bernt H's Sweden, my bases
  of Britain  Germany,  190+ other non USA countries.

  Diversion to next gab about international Bern Convention would
  be equally bad.  People should write less  read more, Try here

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berne_Convention_for_the_Protection_of_Literary_and_Artistic_Works

Posting should comply with list remits, 
else we can report senders for removal from lists.

http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions
freebsd-questions -- User questions

http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-chat
freebsd-chat -- Non technical items related to the community

Please subscribe  use chat@

Thanks
Julian
-- 
Julian Stacey, BSD Unix Linux C Sys Eng Consultants Munich http://berklix.com
 Reply below, not above;  Indent with  ;  Cumulative like a play script.
 Format: Plain text. Not HTML, multipart/alternative, base64, quoted-printable.
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Announcing 5 Free Web Security Guides

[No XSS]

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Re: free sco unix

[Chad Perrin]

On Mon, Jun 20, 2011 at 02:25:52AM +0200, Bernt Hansson wrote:
 2011-06-17 18:28, Chad Perrin skrev:
 
 The fact this is not applicable everywhere is the reason for things
 like the CC0 waiver, however.
 
 What is CC0?

http://creativecommons.org/choose/zero/

-- 
Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ]


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Re: free sco unix

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 12:02 AM, Robert Bonomi
bon...@mail.r-bonomi.com wrote:
 I'ts _MUCH_ simpler, to just sign and date a copy of the work, and have a
 notary public 'witness' the signature.

True.

Without the service of a public registry of copyrighted works that (I think)
only the US offers, and when you need a legally binding official stamp of
some sort, you can go to a registered public notary. They're mildly expensive
though; certainly a lot more expensive than the US Copyright Office fees.

But if your work doesn't consist of too many pages, you can also get a
dated and signed stamp on each one at your local city hall / administration.
They call that kind of service a certified copy or copy certification.
Bear in mind though, that each page of your work has to be stamped, and
the fee paid for extra. For small page counts, that's okay, but try this with
a 1,000 pages work, and you'll quickly find out that it's less expensive to
use a public notary, even though they charge more.

Actually, it's a shame that other countries DON'T offer the ease of official
copyright registration (for a comparatively low fee) like the US does with
the Copyright Office. That's one of the things the US did right (irrespective
of what we think of the benefits and evils of Copyright law in general and
their endless extensions towards perpetual copyright in particular).

-cpghost.

-- 
Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/
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Re: free sco unix

[Robert Bonomi]

 From cpgh...@cordula.ws  Sat Jun 18 08:28:25 2011
 Date: Sat, 18 Jun 2011 15:28:24 +0200
 Subject: Re: free sco unix
 From: C. P. Ghost cpgh...@cordula.ws
 To: Robert Bonomi bon...@mail.r-bonomi.com
 Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org

 On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 12:02 AM, Robert Bonomi
 bon...@mail.r-bonomi.com wrote:
  I'ts _MUCH_ simpler, to just sign and date a copy of the work, and have a
  notary public 'witness' the signature.

 True.

 Without the service of a public registry of copyrighted works that (I think)
 only the US offers, and when you need a legally binding official stamp of
 some sort, you can go to a registered public notary. They're mildly expensive
 though; certainly a lot more expensive than the US Copyright Office fees.

'Male bovine excrement' applies.

U.S. Copyright Office registration is an absolute minimum of $25-30, and can 
run over $100.

Typical fee, in the U.S., for a notary public witnessing a signature is $1.
And many facilities, such as banks, will perform the service for _NO_COST_
for their customers.



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Re: free sco unix

[C. P. Ghost]

On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 3:36 PM, Robert Bonomi bon...@mail.r-bonomi.com wrote:

 From cpgh...@cordula.ws  Sat Jun 18 08:28:25 2011
 Date: Sat, 18 Jun 2011 15:28:24 +0200
 Subject: Re: free sco unix
 From: C. P. Ghost cpgh...@cordula.ws
 To: Robert Bonomi bon...@mail.r-bonomi.com
 Cc: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org

 On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 12:02 AM, Robert Bonomi
 bon...@mail.r-bonomi.com wrote:
  I'ts _MUCH_ simpler, to just sign and date a copy of the work, and have a
  notary public 'witness' the signature.

 True.

 Without the service of a public registry of copyrighted works that (I think)
 only the US offers, and when you need a legally binding official stamp of
 some sort, you can go to a registered public notary. They're mildly expensive
 though; certainly a lot more expensive than the US Copyright Office fees.

 'Male bovine excrement' applies.

 U.S. Copyright Office registration is an absolute minimum of $25-30, and can
 run over $100.

 Typical fee, in the U.S., for a notary public witnessing a signature is $1.
 And many facilities, such as banks, will perform the service for _NO_COST_
 for their customers.

Outside the US, it's quite different. A public notary's fees run in the hundreds
of dollars, but it's usually a flat fee... while public copy
certifications are around
$1-$2 per page, unless when required by law and statues. Banks are private
institutions there, and they are not entitled to legally certify
non-banking stuff.
In some countries, you could go to the post office though, but here too, the fee
usually applies per page.

The problem with per-page fees is when you have many pages (like a book,
or say, a printout of your code) that you want to certify. Unless you go to a
notary and pay the according fee for them to KEEP (a copy of) the book in
their office and/or certify EVERY page or be prepared to witness for each and
every page (!), all you get is the certification of a couple of pages, and that
could be insufficiant in some cases (e.g. in the case of program source code).

That's why IMHO, the fees of the US Copyright Office are STILL way lower
than what you'd have to pay elsewhere to get a similar certification.

-cpghost.

-- 
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Re: free sco unix

[Jerry McAllister]

On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 03:28:24PM +0200, C. P. Ghost wrote:

 On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 12:02 AM, Robert Bonomi
 bon...@mail.r-bonomi.com wrote:
  I'ts _MUCH_ simpler, to just sign and date a copy of the work, and have a
  notary public 'witness' the signature.
 
 True.
 
 Without the service of a public registry of copyrighted works that (I think)
 only the US offers, and when you need a legally binding official stamp of
 some sort, you can go to a registered public notary. They're mildly expensive
 though; certainly a lot more expensive than the US Copyright Office fees.

Have you ever had something notarized?   I have had many things.  It is
not generally expensive.  They ask $5 - $20 and many banks will have
someone who will do it for for free if you have an account in the bank.
That is much cheaper than doing an officialy USA registration.
What the Notary notarizes is your signature being done at that place and on
that date.   

jerry   


 -cpghost.
 
 -- 
 Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/
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Re: free sco unix

[Jon Radel]

On 6/18/11 10:36 AM, Jerry McAllister wrote:


On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 03:28:24PM +0200, C. P. Ghost wrote:


On Sat, Jun 18, 2011 at 12:02 AM, Robert Bonomi
bon...@mail.r-bonomi.com  wrote:

I'ts _MUCH_ simpler, to just sign and date a copy of the work, and have a
notary public 'witness' the signature.


True.

Without the service of a public registry of copyrighted works that (I think)
only the US offers, and when you need a legally binding official stamp of
some sort, you can go to a registered public notary. They're mildly expensive
though; certainly a lot more expensive than the US Copyright Office fees.


Have you ever had something notarized?   I have had many things.  It is
not generally expensive.  They ask $5 - $20 and many banks will have
someone who will do it for for free if you have an account in the bank.
That is much cheaper than doing an officialy USA registration.
What the Notary notarizes is your signature being done at that place and on
that date.

jerry


This stream of comments from people who, for reasons I can't quite 
fathom, but I like to give them the benefit of the doubt and figure that 
they really don't know how provincial they're being, figure that 
everything is *just*like*it*is*in*their*country*of*residence* is really 
becoming quite tedious.  Could we please stop it?


Face it folks, despite global commerce and a heap of treaties, the 
low-level mechanics of how banking, the courts, notarizing documents, 
applying for patents, registering copyrights, etc., etc., etc. work vary 
from country to country, sometimes rather wildly.


--Jon Radel
j...@radel.com
Adding terribly to the noise, once and only once
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Re: free sco unix

[Chad Perrin]

On Fri, Jun 17, 2011 at 06:14:03AM +0200, Polytropon wrote:
 On Thu, 16 Jun 2011 21:35:54 -0600, Chad Perrin wrote:
 
  I've noticed that your mail user agent is including quoted parties'
  email addresses in the quote notification.  In the text immediately
  following this brief paragraph, for instance, my email address was
  included after my name.  I would appreciate it if you would configure
  your mail user agent to no longer do this, for not only my sake but
  that of others who would probably like to see archives that strip
  such information from headers before publicly posting them actually
  do some good.  When the email address also appears in the text of the
  email because your mail user agent is adding it in, you are creating
  a crop of victims for spam email list spiders to reap.
 
 Thanks for the advice, I've just made the setting (I'm using the
 Sylpheed MUA). I didn't pay much attention to that (although I'm aware
 of the topic) as mailing list publishing systems put in the From:
 datafield (directed at the list) automatically, so all the names and
 addresses are already in there.
 
 I will keep that setting as it sounds the right thing to do.  Other
 possibly needed information (like addresses) are in the mail header
 anyway.

Thank you.  I appreciate it.


  
  Unlike choices in software (a matter purely of preference), I find
  too many choices of licensing problematic.  Just one reason among
  several for my perspective is that of hindering further advancement
  of the state of the art, as explained here:
  
  Code Reuse and Technological Advancement
  http://blogstrapping.com/?page=2011.060.00.28.21
 
 Interesting article, and helpful for further argumentation.  Thank you!
 Exactly my point of view. Bookmarked.

I'm glad you found it worthwhile.


 
 The part LA in EULA means license agreement, so I assume this
 indicates that I have to agree to something, and an agreement between
 two parties is a... contract. The vendor allows me to do certain things
 with the software _if_ I agree to the terms. If I do _not_, I am not
 legally allowed to use the software, will loose warranty or am even
 forced to return the whole computer system.

The term Agreement in End User License Agreement does not actually
imply that you have explicitly agreed to anything.  It merely implies
that the guy who invented the term is conversant in the ways of inventing
terms of newspeak (q.v. 1984, by George Orwell).  It's a term of
propaganda, rather than of meaningful definition.

There's a dish that many restaurants serve involving a tortilla wrapped
around some set of common ingredients -- often involving beans, cheese,
and possibly rice and/or meat, among other things.  In the United States,
we call it a burrito.  The fact we call it that, however, does *not*
mean it is in fact a small donkey (burro is donkey in Spanish, and
burrito would mean small burro).  By the same token, tax cuts are not
subsidies, now matter how often Democrats in the US call them subsidies,
and full disclosure IT security research is not cybertarrorism, no matter
how much Republicans in the US call it cyberterrorism.


 
 Keep in mind that I'm not a lawyer and may therefore cultivate just one
 opinion about one topic (instead of two opinions). :-)

Same here, of course.  I'm not a lawyer, but I pay attention to the law.

-- 
Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ]


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Re: free sco unix

[Chad Perrin]

On Fri, Jun 17, 2011 at 06:59:57AM +0200, Bernt Hansson wrote:
 2011-06-17 00:20, Daniel Staal skrev:
 --As of June 16, 2011 11:21:34 PM +0400, Peter Vereshagin is alleged
 to have said:
 
 (And note that a pure list of facts can't be copyrighted: The phone
 book is often an example. It's just a list of names and numbers.)
 
 Which is copyrighted, all databases are copyrighted where i live.  Even
 the .se whois database.
 
 
 # The information obtained through searches, or otherwise, is protected
 # by the Swedish Copyright Act (1960:729) and international conventions.
 # It is also subject to database protection according to the Swedish
 # Copyright Act.

Holy crap.  That's awful.

-- 
Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ]


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Re: free sco unix

[Chad Perrin]

On Fri, Jun 17, 2011 at 07:22:31AM +0200, Bernt Hansson wrote:
 2011-06-17 06:53, Adam Vande More skrev:
 On Thu, Jun 16, 2011 at 11:23 PM, Bernt Hansson wrote:
 
 Copyright you get without registration and without payment, and one
 can't give it up.
 
 Again, registration is pretty important if you want to an expanded
 ability to legally enforce it.
 
 Where i live no need to register, you get copyright if the stuff
 fulfills certain criteria, originality is one.

Registration aids enforcement.  Of course, there's always the poor man's
copyright registration approach, where the moment you have something you
would like to protect by copyright, you can seal it up in an envelope and
mail it to yourself.  Keep it sealed.  If you ever need proof of
copyright, including date of copyright, you can then take the sealed
envelope with you to court to show the postmark date, unseal the
envelope, and show the full text of the document inside.

Of course, it's not *perfect*.  It may be that postmarks stop being
regarded as suitable proof of date at some point, thanks to increasing
ability to fake a postmark.  Your sealed envelope trick only works once.
You need to protect that sealed envelope against loss and damage.  You
would need to do this for *everything* for which you want to have some
kind of proof of date of copyright, which can fill up file cabinets in a
hurry.  This is why copyright registration is still useful.


 
  And you can assign your copyright away.
 
 Only the monetary. The creator can sell the right to make copys of the
 work but the creator still retains the copyright.

That depends on jurisdiction.  In the US, you can negate copyright
entirely by assigning something you have created to the public domain.
The fact this is not applicable everywhere is the reason for things like
the CC0 waiver, however.

-- 
Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ]


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Re: free sco unix

[Alex Stangl]

On Fri, Jun 17, 2011 at 10:28:51AM -0600, Chad Perrin wrote:
 Registration aids enforcement.  Of course, there's always the poor man's
 copyright registration approach, where the moment you have something you
 would like to protect by copyright, you can seal it up in an envelope and
 mail it to yourself.  Keep it sealed.  If you ever need proof of
 copyright, including date of copyright, you can then take the sealed
 envelope with you to court to show the postmark date, unseal the
 envelope, and show the full text of the document inside.
 
 Of course, it's not *perfect*.  It may be that postmarks stop being
 regarded as suitable proof of date at some point, thanks to increasing
 ability to fake a postmark.  Your sealed envelope trick only works once.
 You need to protect that sealed envelope against loss and damage.  You
 would need to do this for *everything* for which you want to have some
 kind of proof of date of copyright, which can fill up file cabinets in a
 hurry.  This is why copyright registration is still useful.

Sorry to contribute to this long thread that is only peripherally
related to FreeBSD, but I have to ask -- does this trick really work?
You can send yourself unsealed (or just very lightly sealed, or with
manilla envelopes, just use the clasp, not the gum) envelopes whenever
you like, and then insert contents  seal at some later date. It seems
a flimsy proof that the contents actually were in the envelope as of
the postmark date. I'd be curious to find out whether courts have
really accepted this, or whether it's more of an urban legend.

Alex
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Re: free sco unix

[Chuck Swiger]

On Jun 17, 2011, at 9:28 AM, Chad Perrin wrote:
 Where i live no need to register, you get copyright if the stuff
 fulfills certain criteria, originality is one.
 
 Registration aids enforcement.  Of course, there's always the poor man's
 copyright registration approach, where the moment you have something you
 would like to protect by copyright, you can seal it up in an envelope and
 mail it to yourself.  Keep it sealed.  If you ever need proof of
 copyright, including date of copyright, you can then take the sealed
 envelope with you to court to show the postmark date, unseal the
 envelope, and show the full text of the document inside.

Sigh.  If you'd ever actually filed a copyright registration or transfer form, 
you would discover that one needs to get them notarized.  (Documenting that a 
certain document was available and signed at a specific date is what a notary 
public is for.)

There is no case law in the US to support this poor man's copyright.

  http://www.copyright.gov/help/faq/faq-general.html#what

[ ... ]
 Only the monetary. The creator can sell the right to make copys of the
 work but the creator still retains the copyright.
 
 That depends on jurisdiction.  In the US, you can negate copyright
 entirely by assigning something you have created to the public domain.

You assert this claim as well, but it's not at all clear whether anything but 
works created by government employees can be placed in the public domain.

  http://www.publicdomainsherpa.com/no-rights-reserved.html

There is no specific provision in the copyright law for disclaiming rights in 
copyrighted works, and of course, no obligation to do so.  However, the 
Copyright Office will record a statement of your intention to relinquish rights 
in our official records because the document pertains to a copyright within the 
meaning of the statute.  A statement of abandonment should identify the works 
involved by title and/or registration number.  The office does not provide 
forms for this purpose.

The legal effect of recording a statement of abandonment is not clear.  
Moreover, its acceptance for recordation in this office should not be construed 
as approval of the legal sufficiency of its content or its effect on the status 
or ownership of any copyright.

Let me repeat: unless you are a lawyer, you are not qualified to provide legal 
advice.

Regards,
-- 
-Chuck

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Re: free sco unix

[Chad Perrin]

On Fri, Jun 17, 2011 at 10:57:20AM -0700, Chuck Swiger wrote:
 On Jun 17, 2011, at 9:28 AM, Chad Perrin wrote:
  Where i live no need to register, you get copyright if the stuff
  fulfills certain criteria, originality is one.
  
  Registration aids enforcement.  Of course, there's always the poor
  man's copyright registration approach, where the moment you have
  something you would like to protect by copyright, you can seal it up
  in an envelope and mail it to yourself.  Keep it sealed.  If you ever
  need proof of copyright, including date of copyright, you can then
  take the sealed envelope with you to court to show the postmark date,
  unseal the envelope, and show the full text of the document inside.
 
 Sigh.  If you'd ever actually filed a copyright registration or
 transfer form, you would discover that one needs to get them notarized.
 (Documenting that a certain document was available and signed at a
 specific date is what a notary public is for.)
 
 There is no case law in the US to support this poor man's copyright.
 
   http://www.copyright.gov/help/faq/faq-general.html#what

That page does not say anything about case law.  It refers to copyright
law, which is law on the books -- not case law.

The poor man's copyright approach is, I believe, less certain and
effective than registration, but if there is a dispute over proper claim
of copyright, anything you can do to add evidenciary support for your
claim will help.

In my previous explanation, of course, I neglected to mention that the
way to ensure some kind of strength of evidence is to use metered mail,
specifically so that nobody will be able to (as) convincingly claim you
just mailed yourself an empty envelope and stuffed it later.


 
  Only the monetary. The creator can sell the right to make copys of the
  work but the creator still retains the copyright.
  
  That depends on jurisdiction.  In the US, you can negate copyright
  entirely by assigning something you have created to the public domain.
 
 You assert this claim as well, but it's not at all clear whether
 anything but works created by government employees can be placed in the
 public domain.
 
   http://www.publicdomainsherpa.com/no-rights-reserved.html
 
 There is no specific provision in the copyright law for disclaiming
 rights in copyrighted works, and of course, no obligation to do so.
 However, the Copyright Office will record a statement of your intention
 to relinquish rights in our official records because the document
 pertains to a copyright within the meaning of the statute.  A statement
 of abandonment should identify the works involved by title and/or
 registration number.  The office does not provide forms for this
 purpose.
 
 The legal effect of recording a statement of abandonment is not clear.
 Moreover, its acceptance for recordation in this office should not be
 construed as approval of the legal sufficiency of its content or its
 effect on the status or ownership of any copyright.

The effect has been, in any cases I have noticed, that waiving copyright
makes it essentially impossible to assert copyright.  Keep in mind that,
if nothing else, such a waiver serves to demonstrate to the receiver an
intent to let the receiver of the waiver to do whatever he or she likes
with a copyrighted work similarly to an explicit license enumerating all
the specific effects of such a waiver, and (unlike as in jurisdictions
such as France) there does not appear to be any provision in law that
disallows it.  While it is always possible that someone with a better
lawyer than you can turn these circumstances on their collective head in
court, the implications are obvious, even to a lawyer.

Don't take my word for it, though.  My policy is to never just make bare
public domain dedications.  I much prefer detailed waiver licenses such
as the CC0 waiver rather than dedication to the public domain, not only
for local jurisdictions but for worldwide applicability as well.


 
 Let me repeat: unless you are a lawyer, you are not qualified to
 provide legal advice.

Let me be clear:

I didn't give legal advice.  I didn't say You should do this.  I said,
in effect, This is what I have observed.  In fact, nothing I said is
any more advisory than what you said.

For someone intent on giving the impression of precision, your precision
sucks.

-- 
Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ]


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Re: free sco unix

[Chuck Swiger]

On Jun 17, 2011, at 10:59 AM, Chad Perrin wrote:
 Sigh.  If you'd ever actually filed a copyright registration or
 transfer form, you would discover that one needs to get them notarized.
 (Documenting that a certain document was available and signed at a
 specific date is what a notary public is for.)
 
 There is no case law in the US to support this poor man's copyright.
 
  http://www.copyright.gov/help/faq/faq-general.html#what
 
 That page does not say anything about case law.  It refers to copyright
 law, which is law on the books -- not case law.

Yes, I know the difference.  You're welcome to cite a court case in the US 
where a judge decided that this poor man's copyright constituted valid 
evidence of copyright ownership.

 The poor man's copyright approach is, I believe, less certain and
 effective than registration, but if there is a dispute over proper claim
 of copyright, anything you can do to add evidenciary support for your
 claim will help.

Many people seem to believe their opinions matter more than facts which 
contradict such beliefs.  Snopes is knocking, and they'd like this 
misinformation retracted:

  http://www.snopes.com/legal/postmark.asp

 In my previous explanation, of course, I neglected to mention that the
 way to ensure some kind of strength of evidence is to use metered mail,
 specifically so that nobody will be able to (as) convincingly claim you
 just mailed yourself an empty envelope and stuffed it later.

Is there some part of you're repeating an urban legend which has been 
discredited which you find hard to understand?

[ ... ]
 Let me repeat: unless you are a lawyer, you are not qualified to
 provide legal advice.
 
 Let me be clear:
 
 I didn't give legal advice.  I didn't say You should do this.  I said,
 in effect, This is what I have observed.  In fact, nothing I said is
 any more advisory than what you said.
 
 For someone intent on giving the impression of precision, your precision 
 sucks.


Are you willing to acknowledge that your claims about poor man's copyright in 
the US are invalid?  If you can't be honest enough to do so, frankly, your 
opinions about my precision-- or anything else-- aren't a matter of concern.

Regards,
-- 
-Chuck

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Re: free sco unix

[Chad Perrin]

On Fri, Jun 17, 2011 at 11:48:25AM -0700, Chuck Swiger wrote:
 On Jun 17, 2011, at 10:59 AM, Chad Perrin wrote:
 
  The poor man's copyright approach is, I believe, less certain and
  effective than registration, but if there is a dispute over proper
  claim of copyright, anything you can do to add evidenciary support
  for your claim will help.
 
 Many people seem to believe their opinions matter more than facts which
 contradict such beliefs.  Snopes is knocking, and they'd like this
 misinformation retracted:

Are you seriously trying to argue that evidence of copyright date
necessarily won't constitute evidence of copyright date in court?

Seriously?


 
  In my previous explanation, of course, I neglected to mention that
  the way to ensure some kind of strength of evidence is to use metered
  mail, specifically so that nobody will be able to (as) convincingly
  claim you just mailed yourself an empty envelope and stuffed it
  later.
 
 Is there some part of you're repeating an urban legend which has been
 discredited which you find hard to understand?

Is there some part of the fact it isn't established case law does not
change the fact it offers some proof of possession, and this not only has
not been discredited by snopes but was actually pointed out by the UK IPO
and is not specifically contradicted by what the USPTO has to say about
it?  You're generalizing from there's no case law that snopes has found,
and the USPTO says it's not the same as registering copyright to
there's no way to establish any date of copyright other than registering
it, which is kind of ludicrous.


 
 Are you willing to acknowledge that your claims about poor man's
 copyright in the US are invalid?  If you can't be honest enough to do
 so, frankly, your opinions about my precision-- or anything else--
 aren't a matter of concern.

Are you willing to stop using straw men in place of my actual statements?

I didn't think so.

I'm not interested in perpetuating this ridiculous nascent flame war of
yours.  Please have your argument without me from this point forward,
preferably off-list.  You can email yourself if you like.

-- 
Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ]


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Re: free sco unix

[Robert Bonomi]

 From owner-freebsd-questi...@freebsd.org  Fri Jun 17 12:22:42 2011
 Date: Fri, 17 Jun 2011 12:03:47 -0500
 From: Alex Stangl a...@stangl.us
 To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
 Subject: Re: free sco unix

 On Fri, Jun 17, 2011 at 10:28:51AM -0600, Chad Perrin wrote:
  Registration aids enforcement.  Of course, there's always the poor man's
  copyright registration approach, where the moment you have something you
  would like to protect by copyright, you can seal it up in an envelope and
  mail it to yourself.  Keep it sealed.  If you ever need proof of
  copyright, including date of copyright, you can then take the sealed
  envelope with you to court to show the postmark date, unseal the
  envelope, and show the full text of the document inside.
  
  Of course, it's not *perfect*.  It may be that postmarks stop being
  regarded as suitable proof of date at some point, thanks to increasing
  ability to fake a postmark.  Your sealed envelope trick only works once.
  You need to protect that sealed envelope against loss and damage.  You
  would need to do this for *everything* for which you want to have some
  kind of proof of date of copyright, which can fill up file cabinets in a
  hurry.  This is why copyright registration is still useful.

 Sorry to contribute to this long thread that is only peripherally
 related to FreeBSD, but I have to ask -- does this trick really work?
 You can send yourself unsealed (or just very lightly sealed, or with
 manilla envelopes, just use the clasp, not the gum) envelopes whenever
 you like, and then insert contents  seal at some later date. It seems
 a flimsy proof that the contents actually were in the envelope as of
 the postmark date. I'd be curious to find out whether courts have
 really accepted this, or whether it's more of an urban legend.

OK, time for somebody who really knows about this stuff to wade in.

Under 'modern' copyright law -- i.e. in any country that has adopted
the 'Berne Convention treaty on copyright law:

  1) Copyright protection attaches _automatically_ when an 'original work 
 of authorship' is first 'fixed in a tangible medium of expression'.
  2) The copyright belongs to the person who created the 'original work'
 in question, *unless* it is a 'work done for hire', which covers 
 almost all work done by an employee, _and_ *some* work done by a
 contractor.  In general, if using a contractor, the contract should
 specify that copyright is assigned to the person paying for the work.
  3) In the U.S. 'registering' the copyright with the copyright officE (a
 part of the Library of Congress) gives you certain legal rights that
 are *NOT* available if you have not registered the copyright. T
 includes 'statutory' and 'punitive' damages, instead of just 'actual'
 damagers.  Registration also 'conclusively establishes' the date of
 authorship as 'not after' the date of registraton.
  4) In the U.S., one can officially register copyright on something up to
 SIX MONTHS _after_ first 'publication'.
  5) To establish copyright infringement, there are several things you have
 to 'prove' (by a prepondernace of the evidence) in court:
   1) that you authored the work in question.
   2) that you authored it _before_ the infringer produced their 'copy'.
   3) that the 'infringer' _had_access_ to your work.

The 'mail it to yourself' approach does *not* give you the same legal 
protections as actual 'registration' does.

The 'mail it to yourself' approach _may_ be used as evidence in an attempt
to 'persuade' the court with regard to the date of authorship.  It _is_
subject to challenge for the reasons cited above.  In fact the 'old' wisdom
was to have someone 'trustworthy', like your lawyer,  mail it 'registered 
mail, return receipt', because the receipt was produced by the Post Office,
and  _not_ subject to manipulation by the putative 'author', and that 
reputable 'third party' can testify as to what they put in the envelope that
was mailed.  Of course, in _todays_ world, just sending registered mail is 
-more- expensive than a Copyright Office filing.  Without even considering
what you'd have to pay your lawyer.  wry grin

The 'mail it to yourself' approach is _not_ a slam-dunk for establishing
authorship, *or* date of authorship. Nor is it automatically superior to
other recordskeeping methods.

I'ts _MUCH_ simpler, to just sign and date a copy of the work, and have a
notary public 'witness' the signature.

One final poinnt -- copyright law _does_ recognize that parallel *independant* 
development _can_ occur.  Two people *can* write works that are virtually 
identical, *without* either having any knowledge of the other persons work.  
In this situation, they _both_ own the copyright on their own work, but 
-neither- can prevent the other from publishing that other, virtually 
identical, work. 
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Re: free sco unix

[Chad Perrin]

On Fri, Jun 17, 2011 at 05:02:09PM -0500, Robert Bonomi wrote:
 
 OK, time for somebody who really knows about this stuff to wade in.

[snip]

Thanks for much more clearly stating, in much greater detail, exactly
what I was trying to say -- and for adding a bunch of additional detail.

-- 
Chad Perrin [ original content licensed OWL: http://owl.apotheon.org ]


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Re: free sco unix

[Daniel Staal]

--As of June 17, 2011 5:02:09 PM -0500, Robert Bonomi is alleged to have 
said:



  4) In the U.S., one can officially register copyright on something up to
 SIX MONTHS _after_ first 'publication'.


--As for the rest, it is mine.

Actually, you can register it at any time after it has been created, until 
the copyright period ends.  (Even before it's been published.)  Though you 
get certain benefits if you register within five years of it's creation.


Also note that to file a _copyright suit_ your work has to be registered. 
But this registration can occur _after_ the infringement.  (Although if 
it's done beforehand you'll have an easier time with your case, and some 
extra legal options.)


Bare details available here:
http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ1.pdf

Daniel T. Staal

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Re: free sco unix

[Allen]

On 6/16/2011 6:47 PM, Polytropon wrote:


 There is another important term, but I'm not sure how to
 translate it properly. In German, it's Schaffenshoehe,
 refering to the level of work you put into creating it.
 This finalizes in patent law. To make sure nobody can make
 money out of trivial patents, such as patenting the
 word or and forcing everybody to pay a license fee for
 using it, there is a certain barrier that prohibits
 copyright claims on too simple things.

When a lot of people think of Unix as an OS these days they probably
think of SCO; And another German word comes to mind when I think of SCO;
Schadenfreude ;)

-gore
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Re: free sco unix

[Allen]

On 6/17/2011 1:57 PM, Chuck Swiger wrote:
 On Jun 17, 2011, at 9:28 AM, Chad Perrin wrote:

 You assert this claim as well, but it's not at all clear whether
 anything but works created by government employees can be placed in
 the public domain.
 
 http://www.publicdomainsherpa.com/no-rights-reserved.html

Night of the Living Dead comes to mind.

-gore
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