Re: [Vo]:Inverted Rydberg Matter
In reply to Axil Axil's message of Mon, 7 Nov 2011 02:44:15 -0500: Hi, [snip] >*D(-1) is the excited state of D(1) where protons and electrons chance >places when sufficient kinetic energy is added to the D(1) species to form >D(-1).* The reduction in potential energy should more than compensate for the additional kinetic energy. IOW formation of D(-1) should be exothermic (by hundreds of eV). Regards, Robin van Spaandonk http://rvanspaa.freehostia.com/project.html
RE: EXTERNAL: Re: [Vo]:Inverted Rydberg Matter
Axil, I agree both forms of Rydberg matter could be involved in this anomaly but IMHO they both derive from normal hydrogen. When you stated [snip] D(-1) is the excited state of D(1) where protons and electrons chance places when sufficient kinetic energy is added to the D(1) species to form D(-1).[/snip] it seems like you are saying we must have Rydberg matter first to create IRM, D(1) --> D(-1). I am convinced that suppressing energy density via Casimir geometry isn't a freebie... to get that low energy density leading to IRH concentrated inside a cavity you must have a much larger but diluted field outside the cavity that exactly balances the lower energy density inside. That is too say the Casimir effect is actually a segregation of energy density that balances to zero. The larger area outside the cavity would lend itself well to Rydberg hydrogen while obviously the confinement inside the cavity lends itself better to IRH. As I have posited in previous threads, this would also lend support to claims of variations in decay rates in different radioactive gases when loaded into lattices where LARGE accelerations of decay rate would correspond to gas that resides longer on average in the cavity geometry while SMALL delays in decay rate would be due to gas that resides longer outside the cavity. So D(1) or D(-1) is really just a matter of location - whether the gas is inside the cavity or outside the cavity. For that matter, If Naudts is correct than hydrogen remains locally unchanged and it is only the change in vacuum energy density that is giving these atoms an equivalent acceleration on a relativistic scale that results in what we perceive as Rydberg and Inverse Rydberg matter. I would also still allow for an alternate solution to melting Pd and Zr [snip] In these experiments, the grains of pynco-deuterium powder show complete melting in micrographs by the extreme heat of a nuclear reaction even though the powder is made of mixture of palladium and zirconium oxide each with a very high melting point. [/snip]. I know oxygen must be excluded in this research but recall that much of the heat discovered in the Atomic Hydrogen Welder [which can even melt W] is not from normal combustion but rather re-association of hydrogen broken by an arc gap between tungsten rods. The lattice, changes in geometry [defects] and heat perform this same function of disassociating hydrogen to the point where Rayney nickel is even pyrophoric if steps are not taken to keep it wet. My point is that there may still be a "phoric" without the "pyro" as the geometry gets smaller and more active...maybe call it "plasmaphoric"? where you simply have a runaway plasma shooting between these regions of Rydberg h1>mailto:janap...@gmail.com] Sent: Monday, November 07, 2011 2:44 AM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: EXTERNAL: Re: [Vo]:Inverted Rydberg Matter There is a very good chance that both the non-inverted Rydberg matter abbreviated as D(1) and the inverted Rydberg matter abbreviated as D(-1) are both coherent assemblages of around 100 atoms more or less and that the entanglement an coherence of these assemblages are determinative in the way both the D(1) and the D(-1) species behave in the Rossi process. D(-1) is the excited state of D(1) where protons and electrons chance places when sufficient kinetic energy is added to the D(1) species to form D(-1). The structure of these assemblages is like a stack of pancakes of 20 or so of hexagonal flattened atomic structures where the quantum mechanical states of all electrons in D(1) and protons in D(-1) are identical, synchronized and entangled. In effect, the Rydberg matter of all 100 or so atoms behave as if the entire assemblage was a single large atom defined by a single QM wave form. It may be that IRM that is comprised of the deuterium hydrogen isotope will produce nuclear reactions as seen in the experiments with "pynco" deuterium by Yoshiaki ARATA & Yue C. ZHANG. In these experiments, the grains of pynco-deuterium powder show complete melting in micrographs by the extreme heat of a nuclear reaction even though the powder is made of mixture of palladium and zirconium oxide each with a very high melting point. On the other hand, the nickel powder that supports Rossi's reaction has a very low melting point which is lowered further by a covering on each grain of nano-dimensional fibers of polycrystalline nickel. This powder is purported to survive for months of continual use even though the nickel undergoes transmutation to copper is high percentages. This speaks against the source of heat being nuclear fission or fusion as we commonly understand these processes. The fermionic condensate formed by fermionic particles: namely protons in the Rossi D(-1) must transfer heat from a quantum mechanical mechanism other than fis
Re: [Vo]:Inverted Rydberg Matter
*There is a very good chance that both the non-inverted Rydberg matter abbreviated as D(1) and the inverted Rydberg matter abbreviated as D(-1) are both coherent assemblages of around 100 atoms more or less and that the entanglement an coherence of these assemblages are determinative in the way both the D(1) and the D(-1) species behave in the Rossi process.* * * *D(-1) is the excited state of D(1) where protons and electrons chance places when sufficient kinetic energy is added to the D(1) species to form D(-1).* * * *The structure of these assemblages is like a stack of pancakes of 20 or so of hexagonal flattened atomic structures where the quantum mechanical states of all electrons in D(1) and protons in D(-1) are identical, synchronized and entangled.* * * *In effect, the Rydberg matter of all 100 or so atoms behave as if the entire assemblage was a single large atom defined by a single QM wave form. * * * *It may be that IRM that is comprised of the deuterium hydrogen isotope will produce nuclear reactions as seen in the experiments with "pynco" deuterium by Yoshiaki ARATA & Yue C. ZHANG. * * * *In these experiments, the grains of pynco-deuterium powder show complete melting in micrographs by the extreme heat of a nuclear reaction even though the powder is made of mixture of palladium and zirconium oxide each with a very high melting point.* * * * * *On the other hand, the nickel powder that supports Rossi’s reaction has a very low melting point which is lowered further by a covering on each grain of nano-dimensional fibers of polycrystalline nickel.* * * *This powder is purported to survive for months of continual use even though the nickel undergoes transmutation to copper is high percentages. This speaks against the source of heat being nuclear fission or fusion as we commonly understand these processes.* * * *The fermionic condensate formed by fermionic particles: namely protons in the Rossi D(-1) must transfer heat from a quantum mechanical mechanism other than fission or fusion because of the low temperature nature of that heat source.* * * *The heat of the Rossi reaction must be from an as yet unknown quantum process(es) in the lattice defects where the D(-1) some how picks up energy and continually transfers it to the surrounding lattice when the proper lattice excitation temperature is reached.* * * *Copper transmutation in the micro-powder may be a side reaction caused by proton tunneling expelled from the D(-1) as hydrogen is continually recycled and replenished into the defect structures in and around the nano-fibers.* * * *The quantum blockade of the fermionic condensate in the defects must reduce the gamma emissions of the copper formation process into the x-ray radiation range and speed up or eliminate nuclear product decay processes formed by proton absorption in nickel.* * * * * * * On Sun, Nov 6, 2011 at 4:26 PM, Jeff Driscoll wrote: > Regarding ultra dense deuterium, George Miley and Leif Holmlid: > > In Rydberg matter: > - the electrons and protons are inverted in terms of a metal (though > not clear what this means) > - the distance between nuclei in the planar Rydberg matter made from > deuterium is on the order of 150 picometers. This is the non-inverted > Rydberg matter termed D(1) by Holmlid. > - there is a planar nature to the outer electron orbits > > But I can't figure out how they calculate the 2.3 picometer spacing > distance in the D(-1) inverted Rydberg matter. > > Apparently they irradiate the surface with just enough energy to > create deuterium atoms that have a kinetic energy of 630 eV. Then > they conclude that the deuterium spacing of the inverted Rydberg > matter D(-1) being irradiated is 2.3 picometers. > > They also create either protons or neutrons with kinetic energies of > 1.8 MeV which has to be nuclear in origin - though I suppose it's > possible there is some sort of Mills hydrino process that can lead to > some nuclear process. > > I have a website that describes Mills's theory. It can be seen here > www.zhydrogen.com > > === > > From Holmlid's website: > > My main research interest is Rydberg Matter, which is a state of > matter of the same status as liquid or solid, since it can be formed > by a large number of atoms and small molecules. For a more complete > description, see Wikipedia. > > The lowest state of Rydberg Matter in excitation state n = 1 can only > be formed from hydrogen (protium and deuterium) atoms and is > designated H(1) or D(1). This is dense or metallic hydrogen, which we > have studied for a few years. The bond distance is 153 pm, or 2.9 > times the Bohr radius. It is a quantum fluid, with a density of > approximately 0.6 kg / dm3. See for example Ref. 167 below! > > A much denser state exists for deuterium, named D(-1). We call it > ultra-dense deuterium. This is the inverse of D(1), and the bond > distance is very small, equal to 2.3 pm. Its density
[Vo]:Inverted Rydberg Matter
Regarding ultra dense deuterium, George Miley and Leif Holmlid: In Rydberg matter: - the electrons and protons are inverted in terms of a metal (though not clear what this means) - the distance between nuclei in the planar Rydberg matter made from deuterium is on the order of 150 picometers. This is the non-inverted Rydberg matter termed D(1) by Holmlid. - there is a planar nature to the outer electron orbits But I can't figure out how they calculate the 2.3 picometer spacing distance in the D(-1) inverted Rydberg matter. Apparently they irradiate the surface with just enough energy to create deuterium atoms that have a kinetic energy of 630 eV. Then they conclude that the deuterium spacing of the inverted Rydberg matter D(-1) being irradiated is 2.3 picometers. They also create either protons or neutrons with kinetic energies of 1.8 MeV which has to be nuclear in origin - though I suppose it's possible there is some sort of Mills hydrino process that can lead to some nuclear process. I have a website that describes Mills's theory. It can be seen here www.zhydrogen.com === >From Holmlid's website: My main research interest is Rydberg Matter, which is a state of matter of the same status as liquid or solid, since it can be formed by a large number of atoms and small molecules. For a more complete description, see Wikipedia. The lowest state of Rydberg Matter in excitation state n = 1 can only be formed from hydrogen (protium and deuterium) atoms and is designated H(1) or D(1). This is dense or metallic hydrogen, which we have studied for a few years. The bond distance is 153 pm, or 2.9 times the Bohr radius. It is a quantum fluid, with a density of approximately 0.6 kg / dm3. See for example Ref. 167 below! A much denser state exists for deuterium, named D(-1). We call it ultra-dense deuterium. This is the inverse of D(1), and the bond distance is very small, equal to 2.3 pm. Its density is extremely large, >130 kg / cm3, if it can exist as a dense phase. Due to the short bond distance, D-D fusion is expected to take place easily in this material. See Refs. 179 and 183 below and Wikipedia! See also a press release and listen to a radio interview in Swedish (10.50 min into the program). == here is one paper: http://iopscience.iop.org/1742-6596/244/3/032036/pdf/1742-6596_244_3_032036 also: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=7807228&jid=LPB&volumeId=28&issueId=02&aid=7807226 Holmlid writes: Further studies of the dense hydrogen materials have shown that an even denser material exists, called ultra-dense deuterium or D(-1) (Badiei et al., 2009a, 2009b). The bond distance is 2.3 pm, which is found directly from the experiments, corresponding to a density of 8 x 10^28 cm^3. The possible use of this material as a target material in ICF was recently discussed further (Holmlid et al., 2009; Andersson & Holmlid, 2009). This material is proposed to be an inverted metal relative to D(1) (thus the -1), where the electrons and ions have exchanged their roles relative to an ordinary metal (Ashcroft, 2005; Militzer & Graham, 2006). = Also: http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/STAFF/VISITING_FELLOWS&PROFESSORS/pdf/MileyClusterRydbLPBsing.pdf While these clusters were measured in metals at the interface against covering oxides (Lipson et al 2005), the generation of these states within the whole volume of a metal (palladium, lithium etc.) at crystal defects, Fig. 1, (Miley et al 2007, 2008) is important. For surface states on metal oxides, the measurement of the ultra high ion densities of 10^29 cm^3 was directly evident from the ion and neutral emission by laser probing. These surface states were produced involving catalytic techniques (Badiei et al 2009). The distance d between the deuterons was measured to be d = 2.3 ±.1 pm (1) compared with the theoretical value of 2.5 pm derived from the properties of inverted Rydberg matter. The energy release of the deuterons from the surface layer was measured as 630±30 eV. The difference between protons and deuterons was directly observed and the deuteron state called D(-1) is well indicating the bosonic property against the fermionic protons. The material used in the experiments (Badiei et al 2009) as a catalyst for producing the ultradense deuterium is a highly porous iron oxide material similar to Fe2O3 doped with K, Ca and other atoms. Thus, the number of defects or adsorption sites is very high relative to a metal and the open pore volume in the material is large, of course varying with the method used to measure it. Initially the D(1) phase is formed in the pores, and it is then inverted to the ultra-dense deuterium D(-1). When probing the porous surface with the grazing incidence laser beam, fragments of the D(1) and D(-1) materials are removed from the sample surface. Rydberg Matter is a long-lived