Re: bogus "No protocol specified" message

[perryh]

CyberLeo Kitsana  wrote:

> On 01/10/2013 05:09 PM, Perry Hutchison wrote:
> > When trying to open an X application on a remote display,
> > I am getting
> > 
> > No protocol specified
> > Error: cannot open display: 192.168.200.61:0
> > 
> > The "No protocol specified" message is bogus:  the display is
> > specified correctly*, and the same operation -- with exactly
> > the same setting of DISPLAY -- was working yesterday ...
> > 
> > What does that message actually mean, and how do I fix it?
>
> The error is with regards to the X protocol, not the TCP or UNIX socket
> protocol. Check that both sides have compatible and matching X authority
> information using xauth(1), or that the connecting host or user was
> allowed to connect using xhost(1).

The problem does indeed have something to do with authority/permission,
since "xhost +" fixes it.  (Not the best solution, but sufficient to
demonstrate where the trouble lies.)

I still claim that the message is bogus.  It's now perfectly clear
that both ends know exactly what protocol to use, and they are using
it -- else telling the server to accept all remote connections would
have made no difference.  The message should mention authority and/or
permission, instead of pretending that the client can't figure out
what protocol to use because none was "specified".
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Re: question about my new Dell 3010

[perryh]

   Modes "1280x1024" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
# Mode restrictions for HDIT24W, to keep it from using modes that don't work 
well.
Modes "1920x1200"
    EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Viewport   0 0
Depth 4
#   Modes "1280x1024" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
Modes "1920x1200"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Viewport   0 0
Depth 8
#   Modes "1280x1024" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
Modes "1920x1200"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Viewport   0 0
Depth 15
#   Modes "1280x1024" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
Modes "1920x1200"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Viewport   0 0
Depth 16
#   Modes "1280x1024" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
Modes "1920x1200"
EndSubSection
SubSection "Display"
Viewport   0 0
Depth 24
#   Modes "1280x1024" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
Modes "1920x1200"
EndSubSection
EndSection


X Window System Version 6.9.0
Release Date: 21 December 2005
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 6.9
Build Operating System: FreeBSD 6.1 i386 [ELF] 
Current Operating System: FreeBSD fbsd61 6.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 6.1-RELEASE #30: 
Mon Jan  1 23:01:34 PST 2007 
perryh@fbsd61:/usr/src/sys/i386/compile/GENERIC i386
Build Date: 24 March 2006
Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.X.Org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
Module Loader present
Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
(==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Thu Nov 17 17:04:29 2011
(==) Using config file: "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xorg.conf"
(==) ServerLayout "X.org Configured"
(**) |-->Screen "Screen0" (0)
(**) |   |-->Monitor "Monitor0"
(**) |   |-->Device "Card0"
(**) |-->Input Device "Mouse0"
(**) |-->Input Device "Keyboard0"
(WW) The directory "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/CID/" does not exist.
Entry deleted from font path.
(**) FontPath set to 
"/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/,/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/,/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/,/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/,/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
(**) RgbPath set to "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/rgb"
(**) ModulePath set to "/usr/X11R6/lib/modules"
(II) Module ABI versions:
X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.2
X.Org Video Driver: 0.8
X.Org XInput driver : 0.5
X.Org Server Extension : 0.2
X.Org Font Renderer : 0.4
(II) Loader running on freebsd
(II) LoadModule: "bitmap"
(II) Loading /usr/X11R6/lib/modules/fonts/libbitmap.so
(II) Module bitmap: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
compiled for 6.9.0, module version = 1.0.0
Module class: X.Org Font Renderer
ABI class: X.Org Font Renderer, version 0.4
(II) Loading font Bitmap
(II) LoadModule: "pcidata"
(II) Loading /usr/X11R6/lib/modules/libpcidata.so
(II) Module pcidata: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
compiled for 6.9.0, module version = 1.0.0
ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 0.8
(--) Using syscons driver with X support (version 2.0)
(--) using VT number 9

(II) PCI: Probing config type using method 1
(II) PCI: Config type is 1
(II) PCI: stages = 0x03, oldVal1 = 0x, mode1Res1 = 0x8000
(II) PCI: PCI scan (all values are in hex)
(II) PCI: 00:00:0: chip 8086,7190 card , rev 03 class 06,00,00 hdr 00
(II) PCI: 00:01:0: chip 8086,7191 card , rev 03 class 06,04,00 hdr 01
(II) PCI: 00:07:0: chip 8086,7110 card , rev 02 class 06,01,00 hdr 80
(II) PCI: 00:07:1: chip 8086,7111 card , rev 01 class 01,01,80 hdr 00
(II) PCI: 00:07:2: chip 8086,7112 card , rev 01 class 0c,03,00 hdr 00
(II) PCI: 00:07:3: chip 8086,7113 card , rev 02 class 06,80,00 hdr 00
(II) PCI: 00:0f:0: chip 1011,0024 card , rev 03 class 06,04,00 hdr 01
(II) PCI: 00:11:0: chip 10b7,9055 card 1028,0082 rev 24 class 02,00,00 hdr 00
(II) PCI: 01:00:0: chip 1002,4742 card 1028,4082 rev 5c class 03,00,00 hdr 00
(II) PCI: 02:09:0: chip 134d,7891 card 134d,0001 rev 02 class 07,03,04 hdr 00
(II) PCI: End of PC

Re: virtualbox with FreeBSD as host

[perryh]

Adam Vande More  wrote:
> On Fri, Nov 16, 2012 at 3:18 PM, Fbsd8  wrote:
> > I do not run x11 or any desktop on my 9.0 host.
>
> This would be your problem.

How so?  Surely virtualbox _should_ be able to hand off a VT to the
XP guest, for it to use as a keyboard, mouse, and display.  (This
supposes that the FreeBSD box in question _has_ a keyboard, mouse,
and display, and thus has a VT that it can hand off.)

Fbsd8  wrote:
> I have 9.0 installed on my 200gb hard drive, it's configured to use
> the first 100gb leaving the second 100gb free. I was going to install
> XP in the second half and have a duel boot config. Then I find out XP
> has to be install first on the HD ...

The easiest solution might be to dd the first 100gb (containing
the FreeBSD installation) to the second 100gb, mark the first 100gb
as unused, and install XP there if it needs to be in the lowest-
addressed part of the disk.  Back up the FreeBSD installation first!

Mario Lobo  wrote:
> To access the XP graphics interface, you NEED a graphics environment!

XP itself, when running directly on the hardware, provides its own
graphics environment.  It should be able to do the same running on
a VM with a virtualized keyboard, mouse, and display.
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Re: way way off topic

[perryh]

Olivier Nicole  wrote:
> On Tue, Oct 23, 2012 at 11:20 AM, Gary Kline  wrote:
> > apologies up front for this math type quandary. I had it in
> > a std C program, but 3+ hours of grepping havent found it.
> > I would have bet my last cent that I had a summary Somewhere,
> > but cant find that either.
> >
> > here is the problem as best I can remember it.
> >
> > let's say that john is 8 and his older friend, jim, is 22.
> > how much older is exact percentage terms is jim?
>
> That should be 22/8=2.75
> Jim is 275% older than John

No, a subtraction is needed if we wish to use the term "older".
Suppose Jim were 9; the above approach would give 9/8 => 1.125
so Jim is 113% older than John, which is clearly wrong (although
one could correctly say in that case that John's age is 113% of
Jim's age).

I think the OP is probably looking for

  ((22 - 8) * 100 + (8/2)) / 8

which will give the answer directly as a correctly-rounded
integral percentage.  (For a fractional percentage, use floats
instead of ints and omit the (8/2) part -- but in that case
you probably also want to express the ages in something other
than whole years.)
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Re: Sharing COM ports to Windows hosts

[perryh]

Victor Sudakov  wrote:

> In fact, the question is whether there is a standards compliant
> (not written for some proprietary hardware terminal server
> protocol) driver for Windows. Not exactly a FreeBSD question,
> I know :)

Finding a Windows driver that will work with an existing FreeBSD
program is certainly one possible approach.  Another, which
I understood to be the intent of the original inquiry, is finding
a FreeBSD solution that will work with an existing Windows driver.
There's surely no reason why a FreeBSD system _can't_ support
a protocol originally developed by a hardware terminal server
manufacturer, as vpnc does for the Cisco VPN protocol.
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Re: Sharing COM ports to Windows hosts

[perryh]

Peter Boosten  wrote:
> On 3-9-2012 5:02, Victor Sudakov wrote:
> > There is a FreeBSD box with several RS232 ports. Can those ports
> > be accessed by Windows hosts over the network?
>
> If I understand your question correctly, then AFAICT the only way to 
> access serial ports over the network is with a piece of additional 
> hardware, like a terminal server, for instance:
>
> http://www.perle.com/products/Terminal-Server.shtml?utm_source=ppc&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=server

I believe the OP wants to use a FreeBSD machine, that has several
serial ports and a network connection, _as_ a terminal server.

I can think of no reason why such an arrangement could not be made
to work; the question is whether someone has already written the
necessary FreeBSD code to accept a telnet/ssh/whatever connection,
initiated by a Windows terminal-server driver, and _transparently_
connect the session to a serial port on the FreeBSD machine via
tip(1) or some such.  (If all that's needed is access from a Windows
Command window, it is a simple matter of ssh-ing to the FreeBSD box
and then running tip(1).)
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Re: fsck on FAT32 filesystem?

[perryh]

Robert Bonomi  wrote:

> > MSDOS/PCDOS had no _documented_ functions to directly access the
> > disks, bypassing the file system, but the functions _did_ exist.
>
> I'm sure you can provide the DOS 'function number' for those calls,
> and cites to published data confirming.

They may have involved a dedicated INT or two, e.g. INT 25H and/or
INT 26H, rather than INT 21H with a function number in AX.

I could have provided specifics 25 years ago :) when I was involved
with this stuff on a daily basis.  I have no idea whether it was
ever published, but it was well known to those of us who were using
it in system-level utilities.

> > The debugger's "read sector" and "write sector" commands used them,
> > and I suspect chkdsk, scandisk, and format probably also used them
> > although I never had occasion to verify one way or the other.
>
> My experince in porting MSDOS 3.1 to a non pc-clone architecture was 
> that fdisk, format, chkdsk, debug, and sys all invoked INT 13H directly.

I've got you beat in seniority :)  I was mostly working on 2.x, and
got out of the business somewhere around 3.1 or 3.2.

I think I'd remember if our stuff had quit working when 3.x came
along, but it's possible that those interfaces were only retained
for compatibility -- to avoid breaking old 3rd-party code -- and
that the MS userland had been revised to call the BIOS directly
(since by then the market consisted almost entirely of PCs and
clones -- decidedly not the case in the 2.0-2.1 timeframe).

BTW fdisk _would_ always have had to use BIOS calls, or some other
platform-specific mechanism, since the direct disk access in DOS was
restricted to the DOS partition(s).  The parameters were something
like buffer address, logical drive number (0 => A:, 2 => C:, etc.),
starting sector within the logical drive, and number of sectors.
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Re: fsck on FAT32 filesystem?

[perryh]

Robert Bonomi  wrote:

> MSDOS/PCDOS had -no- O/S functions to directly access actual disk
> devices.  The ONLY fuctionality provided to the user, by the "O/S"
> was filesystem based access.  To get 'raw' device access, one had 
> to bypass the O/S entirely, and use direct BIOS calls (INT 13h).

FALSE TO FACT.

MSDOS/PCDOS had no _documented_ functions to directly access the
disks, bypassing the file system, but the functions _did_ exist.
The debugger's "read sector" and "write sector" commands used them,
and I suspect chkdsk, scandisk, and format probably also used them
although I never had occasion to verify one way or the other.
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Re: anoncvs password

[perryh]

Matthias Apitz  wrote:

> ... one should use today better svn, not cvs;

Does svn work for (parts of) the ports collection,
and is there a writeup somewhere on how to use it?
It doesn't seem to have found its way into
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/mirrors.html
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anoncvs password

[perryh]

What is one supposed to enter when anoncvs prompts for a password?

I have tried:

* my email address, as I would use for anon FTP
* "ftp", as was once conventionally used for anon FTP
* "cvs" (same idea, but mentioning the transport in use)
* nothing -- just hit return

None of these works.  I get

Permission denied (publickey,keyboard-interactive).
cvs [checkout aborted]: end of file from server (consult above messages if any)

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/anoncvs.html seems to say
that anoncvs either should not require a password (Example A-2),
or it should accept any password at all (the other examples).
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Re: OT: Linux EXT4 dump/restore equivalent?

[perryh]

"Peter A. Giessel"  wrote:

> What I have been completely unable to find is a linux boot disk
> that has a version of restore that supports ext4.

It's unclear to me how "a version of restore that supports ext4"
would differ from "a version of restore that supports UFS".

AFAIK restore (unlike dump) is FS-agnostic:  it must understand the
format of the dumpfile, but it needs no knowledge of how the FS is
represented on disk because it uses ordinary system calls (open,
write, etc.) to access the FS.

What you _do_ need on that recovery disk -- along with a generic
restore -- are ext4-aware versions of the kernel, fsck, mkfs, mount,
and (arguably) dump.

> I am very hesitant to use a backup scheme that doesn't have a
> clear recovery path.

+1
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Re: Is ZFS production ready?

[perryh]

Edward M  wrote:

>  That reply was not meant for you, so why do you care?

If it wasn't meant for everyone on the list,
why was it sent to the list?
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Re: UFS Crash and directories now missing

[perryh]

Alejandro Imass  wrote:

> 3) the directories were moved at reboot by journal recovery,
> fsck or something else

I think it's *extremely* unlikely that fsck was involved, because
it just doesn't do things like that.  It might move an orphaned
directory (or file) to lost+found, but nowhere else.  That's in
addition to the fact that, as someone already mentioned, it asks
before doing anything.  I don't know enough about the details of
journal recovery to comment on it as a suspect.

> That is what worries me, is that it wasn't just some random bit
> or cosmic ray, but the potential of happening again ...

Any chance that your base system -- rather than one of the jails --
has somehow been cracked; maybe even that the cracker precipitated
the crash?  It might be wise to restore the whole system from backup,
the base from a moderately old one since it doesn't change anyway,
rather than trying to recover.
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Re: mounting ext2fs

[perryh]

Warren Block  wrote:
> On Thu, 19 Apr 2012, Matthias Apitz wrote:
> > the problem with (this) cardreader seems to be that the card must
> > already inserted at boot time; a later switch to another card, for
> > example from a card with 'msdosfs' to a card with 'ext2fs', gives the
> > problem in my first mail; don't know if this is a bug or feature :-)
>
> Try forced retasting after loading a card.
>
>true > /dev/da0

and/or unplugging/replugging the reader, if it is hot-pluggable (e.g. USB).
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Re: mounting ext2fs

[perryh]

"Julian H. Stacey"  wrote:

> > what does lsvfs show ?
>
> Maybe try: dd if=/dev/da0s1 count=20 of=/tmp/t ; file /tmp/t
> (it show interesting stuff on my /xp  anyway ).

Easier:  file -s /dev/da0s1
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Re: System initialization

[perryh]

Brett Glass  wrote:

> I have several nearly identical servers in my network, and would 
> like to control their configurations entirely from one file ...

You might find sysutils/puppet useful.
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Re: FreeBSD's backwards webdesign / corporate identity

[perryh]

Polytropon  wrote:

> On Tue, 10 Apr 2012 15:29:42 +1000, Da Rock wrote:
> > On 04/10/12 21:32, per...@pluto.rain.com wrote:
> > > Mark Felder  wrote:
> > >
> > >> Python on Planes is the future, mn.
> > > Shouldn't that be spelled "plains", as in the places where the
> > > snake-containing grass grows?
> > >
> > > :-)
> > >
> > Ha! One would think so, but with ruby on rails one would think
> > that python on plains wouldn't sound anywhere near as exciting
> > or appear too quick. That and a shaded reference to a certain
> > similarly titled movie with Samuel L Jackson- corny! :D
>
> Should we "modernize" programming languages by putting
> them "on" something? Like "awk on a anchor", "C on a
> chimney" or "Java on Jambalaya"? :-)

Sather on sabattical?
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Re: FreeBSD's backwards webdesign / corporate identity

[perryh]

Mark Felder  wrote:

> Python on Planes is the future, mn.

Shouldn't that be spelled "plains", as in the places where the
snake-containing grass grows?



:-)
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Re: Token Ring (really)

[perryh]

"Jay West"  wrote:

> this is for a historical re-creation project ...
>
> I guess I'll have to see how tough it would be to yank
> the TR code from 7x and get it running under 9x.

Might it not be both more historically accurate, and a great deal
easier, to just use the version of FreeBSD that corresponds to the
historical era being re-created?
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Re: Music production on FreeBSD

[perryh]

"Conrad J. Sabatier"  wrote:

> And lately, even some of the timidity++ stuff isn't working
> right.  The Xaw interface refuses to build/install properly,
> ever since the removal of X11BASE from the ports infrastructure.

That "should" only require replacing X11BASE with LOCALBASE
in the 3 port files where it appears:

  timidity++/Makefile.interface (3 places)
  timidity++-motif/Makefile
  timidity++-xaw/pkg-plist (2 places)
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Re: current pids per tty

[perryh]

"ill...@gmail.com"  wrote:

> (there is an executable named /usr/bin/jobs, but . . .
> well run "cat /usr/bin/jobs" & see for yourself).

Whoa!  Does /usr/bin/jobs even work?

  $ cat /usr/bin/jobs
  #!/bin/sh
  # $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/alias/generic.sh,v 1.2.10.1.4.1 2010/06/14 02:09:06 
kensmith Exp $
  # This file is in the public domain.
  builtin ${0##*/} ${1+"$@"}

It looks as if generic.sh intends to have the same effect as the
builtin matching the name under which the script is run, but at
least for "jobs" I don't think it will DTRT because it will run
in the wrong context:

* The builtin "jobs" command will report all background jobs known
  to the shell in which it is issued.

* Because it is a shebang script, running /usr/bin/jobs will cause
  the shell in which it is run to fork/exec an instance of /bin/sh,
  and that instance will execute the /usr/bin/jobs script, thus it
  will will be the new /bin/sh instance that executes _its_ builtin
  "jobs" command -- reporting nothing, since _that_ instance has not
  put anything into the background (and has no knowledge of what-all
  its parent shell may have put in the background).
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Re: Printer recommendation please

[perryh]

Jerry  wrote:

> > > Furthermore, there are means of encrypting print data ...
> > 
> > Utterly irrelevant to the topic under discussion, which is
> > the additional malware exposure that a PDF-accepting printer
> > has relative to a printer that accepts only PCL and/or PS.
>
> FROM YOUR ORIGINAL POST:
> "All the more reason to avoid wireless.  (I had been thinking more
> along the lines of someone intercepting sensitive print files, e.g.
> tax returns, as they were being sent to the printer.)"

I think you must have missed the parentheses, and the "had been".
When I initially stated my distrust of wireless (in a post prior to
the one you quoted here), I didn't specify a particular security-
related reason, just general concern that it effectively bypasses
the firewall.  Here I note that Poly's concern about a printer
being corrupted by receiving a malicious "firmware update" job is
important, and acknowledge that my original concern about sniffing
pales by comparison.

> I again restate my original statement that there exists means of
> encrypting data sent to a printer.

Yes, provided the printer supports the corresponding decryption
operation, but that capability is still irrelevant to the question
of whether the printer's firmware can be corrupted by a malicious
"firmware update" job.  According to the report that Poly linked
to, there are at least some printers that are vulnerable to that
kind of attack.
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Re: Questions about Jail

[perryh]

Fbsd8  wrote:

> In most cases your jail environment will function ok as long as
> its the same base release level. Example, host=8.0 jail1=8.1 and
> jail2=8.2

IIUC, a better example would be host=8.2, jail1=8.1 and jail2=8.0.
A point release is not supposed to make any incompatible changes to
the kernel ABI, but it might add new interfaces not present in the
older kernel.

> But host=8.2 and jail1=9.0 will have unknown reliability.

I would say it is only an accident if (jail major > kernel major)
works, because the KABI will likely have changed between N.x and
(N+1).x.  However, host=9.0, jail1=8.x should work if the host
kernel includes the COMPAT_FREEBSD8 option.

> Technically there is no checks stopping someone from doing this
> and from the outside all will look correct, but it will fail and
> you may lose both the host and jail.

You may indeed lose the jail, but if _anything_ done in the jail is
able to corrupt the host there is by definition a bug in the host's
jail support.
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Re: Printer recommendation please

[perryh]

Jerry  wrote:

> Obviously you are not aware of the latest trend towards the
> movement to standardize PDF as the standard print format. I would
> recommend you start by reading the documentation located at:
> 
> and continue on from there.

That page seems to be concerned with using PDF, rather than PS, as
a common intermediate print language in CUPS.  I see nothing there
relevant to sending PDF directly to a printer.

> While there might be some rational for your security concerns on
> a business network in regards to wireless networks, they are not
> really relevant on a home networks. The simple ease of use that a
> wireless network gives a user on a home network far outweigh any
> pseudo claims of espionage.

Following that line of reasoning to its logical conclusion would
lead one to believe that home networks have no need of any malware
protection, e.g. anti-virus.  Any ISP which has had to deal with
incidents precipitated by customers' infected machines -- including
but likely not limited to DDoS and spambots -- would likely disagree.

> Furthermore, there are means of encrypting print data ...

Utterly irrelevant to the topic under discussion, which is
the additional malware exposure that a PDF-accepting printer
has relative to a printer that accepts only PCL and/or PS.

I maintain that an attacker can more easily trick a less-than-
paranoid user into sending a malware "print file" to a PDF-accepting
printer than to a non-PDF-accepting printer, simply because PDF
is such a commonly used distribution format.  If someone prints a
malware "PDF" file that they have downloaded, and the process of
printing it does not require that it be transformed in any way (such
as conversion to PS) before being sent to the printer, their only
protection from disaster is whatever validation may be built into
the printer itself.  (Keep in mind that what started the malware
discussion was Poly's link to a report stating that some printers
do not sufficiently validate an "update firmware" job.)

Granted the identical exposure exists for a PS printer if the
downloaded malware file is identified as a PS file, however the
risk is much less in practice because distribution of PS files
is sufficiently uncommon that most unsophisticated users would
have no idea what to do with one if they were to come across it.

> By the way, since you seem so concerned over your printers security,
> I assume that you all ready have it at least password protected.

No need.  I have no wireless at all -- everything is hardwired --
and I trust my firewall.  There's no way for anyone to either sniff
or inject anything from outside (i.e. without physical access to
the network on the secure side of the firewall).
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Re: Printer recommendation please

[perryh]

Polytropon  wrote:

> On Sat, 31 Mar 2012 14:01:43 -0700, per...@pluto.rain.com wrote:
> > I personally don't trust wireless, because it's well nigh
> > impossible to truly secure it.
>
> In that case, one should also pay attention to secure the
> printer. Wait - secure the printer? What am I talking about?
>
> Firmware attacks!
>
> Yes - malware has already reached printers ...

All the more reason to avoid wireless.  (I had been thinking more
along the lines of someone intercepting sensitive print files, e.g.
tax returns, as they were being sent to the printer.)

A printer connected to a hard-wired network, behind a firewall with
no tunnelling to it allowed, is not going to get anything sent to it
from outside.  Granted this does not protect against malware jobs
sent from a local machine, but it at least avoids having malware
sent wirelessly to the printer by someone parked out front, thus
there's one less pathway needing to be secured.

It may also be a reason to _avoid_ printers that accept PDF directly.
Since PDFs are often downloaded and printed, an attacker could post
a bogus firmware download under an innocent-sounding name like
"manual.pdf" leading someone to do

$ fetch http://.../manual.pdf && lpr manual.pdf

Oops.

However if said PDF has to first be locally converted to PS (e.g.
by xpdf) before being sent to the printer, an attacker would have
to (somehow) formulate a PDF that would cause xpdf to emit a
"PostScript" file that looked to the printer like a firmware
download.  I don't know enough about either PDF or xpdf to say
whether that's possible, but I imagine it would at least be a
whole lot more difficult than in the direct PDF case.
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Re: Printer recommendation please

[perryh]

Polytropon  wrote:

> On Fri, 30 Mar 2012 17:38:36 +0200, Karel Miklav wrote:
> > Could you please recommend me a home printer that works nicely
> > with FreeBSD?
> > 
> > HP inkjets aren't that bad, FreeBSD drivers are allright, but
> > I'd like to shift towards some kind of PostScript laser. Xerox
> > Phaser 6500 looks nice ...
>
> Allow me to mention some things that are worth investing in.
>
> 1. Network connection.
> Don't bother with USB stuff. Buy a printer that offers Ethernet

+1

> and maybe also WLAN,

I personally don't trust wireless, because it's well nigh impossible
to truly secure it.

> 2. Standard language.
> Postscript and PCL. Make sure the printer understands at least
> one of them.

or, alternatively, PDF (which some of the newer printers are reputed
to take directly, rather than requiring the host to convert it to PS
or PCL).

> 3. Laser printer.
> Don't believe that inkpee printers are genereally cheaper. They
> are not.

+1, especially if used only occasionally.

If I needed a monochrome printer this weekend, I'd head for the
local Fry's where they're advertising the (network & duplex capable)
Samsung ML-2955ND for $80.  I haven't used that model, but it looks
very similar to the (network-capable, but no duplex) ML-2571N that's
been working just fine since I got it a few years ago.

> The only excuse for using them is that you need photo
> quality color prints (requiring the proper paper, too).

I've gotten quite adequate printing of digital-camera photos from
a Xerox Phaser 6130 (about $400 a few years ago IIRC).
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Re: Off-Topic: Computing for the Blind

[perryh]

Jerry  wrote:

> When it comes to "speech recognition", the only two applications
> that seem to work reliably at all levels are "Siri on iPhone 4S"
> and "Dragon NaturallySpeaking", neither of which are obviously
> available on FreeBSD. I don't believe that there is even a
> *nix/BSD version of "Dragon NaturallySpeaking" in production.

The Windows version of "Dragon NaturallySpeaking" is, however,
reputed to work well on wine, which is in ports.  One of the D-NS
developers (or maybe it was a tech support person) was helping out
on the wine-users forum for a while; I don't recall having seen her
post there recently, but this _might_ be because D-NS is working so
well with recent wine versions that no one needs help with it.
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Re: Editor With NO Shell Access?

[perryh]

Tim Daneliuk  wrote:

> ... we're talking about almost 1000 systems
> here.  That's a whole bunch of configuration...

Had you considered using something along the lines of
sysutils/puppet?
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Re: XFCE - how to edit menu ?

[perryh]

jb  wrote:

> How can I edit the menus ?
> Also, how to rename Applications Menu to e.g. just Menu as
> it would better reflect applications and system (utilities)
> components ?
>
> FB9-release, XFCE 4.8

Dunno how FreeBSD's XFCE port does this since I don't use XFCE,
but it could be using x11-wm/wmconfig.  The manpage is reasonably
descriptive.
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Re: Brother Printer

[perryh]

Michel Talon  wrote:

> If you want to avoid such problems the only solution is to buy
> a printer with postscript or pdf support and direct network
> connection, that is an expensive one ...

I've been using a Samsung ML-2571N for something like a couple of
years now.  It has a direct net connection, supports PostScript,
directly supports both lpd and Bonjour (Mac) protocols, and cost
something like $60 or $70 (US) at Fry's.  Granted that was a sale
price -- regular was probably around $100 -- but even $100 does
not seem all that expensive.

I don't see the ML-2571N on frys.com today -- the closest is the
ML-2545 ($70, I think it uses the same engine but without network
support and may not have PostScript).  If I were choosing from
today's Fry's list, I would probably pick the ML-2955ND ($130) which
does duplexing.  (They also have wireless models, but I would not
trust wireless unless the printer and all its clients were inside
a Faraday cage :)

And no, I don't work for either Fry's or Samsung.
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Converting C++ to C

[perryh]

Some early implementations of C++ operated as preprocessors
that emitted C code.  Is there any current tool that will do
that?  I didn't recognize any such option in the g++ manpage,
although I suppose it's possible that one of the -fdump-tree-
options would come close enough.

Reason:  I want to make what I think would be a fairly minor
change to a small (1100-line) C++ program, but I don't know C++
-- only C -- and I don't understand the program well enough
to mess with it.  I suspect I would be able to figure out an
equivalent C program.

In case it matters, I'm using FreeBSD 8.1.
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Re: /usr/home vs /home

[perryh]

Polytropon  wrote:
> On Mon, 20 Feb 2012 22:53:10 -0800, Doug Hardie wrote:
> > The RK05 had one removable platter in a plastic housing. 
>
> Please compare the images of the drive and the media.
> Does it look similar?
>
> Removable platters types EC 5269 in plastic cartridge:
>
> http://www.robotrontechnik.de/index.htm?/html/komponenten/datentraeger.htm#wechselplatte

That looks like pictures I've seen of an RL cartridge.  (I never
dealt with actual RL hardware.)  The RK-05 was front-loaded, not
top-loaded.
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Re: Technical Support Question

[perryh]

Chip Oakley  wrote:

> Am tempted to remove the drive and insert a new one, not sure as
> there is memory on the drive available and nothing really wrong
> with it.

If you don't mind losing everything currently on the drive,
overwriting the MBR -- and the backup GPT at the end of the drive,
if the BIOS supports GPT/UEFI -- would surely keep it from booting
into Windows.  You'd probably have to take the drive out, and
connect it to a different machine (since this one's BIOS seems
hardwired to boot only from the hard drive).

Another possibility would be to clear the machine's CMOS, if there's
a way to do that.  Desktop mainboards usually have a jumper for the
purpose; dunno about Samsung laptops but removing the CMOS battery
and giving it a few minutes for the stray capacitance to discharge
should suffice.  (Getting to the CMOS battery may involve taking the
case apart.)
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Re: Printing directly to IP address

[perryh]

Jerry  wrote:

> I know it is possible; however, I cannot find any actual
> documentation under the "printing" section in the FreeBSD
> manual.  If anyone could provide a link to such documentation,
> it would be appreciated.

Provided the printer supports lpd protocol, i.e. it looks like
a remote BSD machine operating as a print server, the setup is
covered in the "Networked Printing" handbook section (as of 6.1
-- I don't seem to have any newer doc package installed).  The
comments in /etc/printcap are also useful, and there's some
coverage in the Corporate Networker's Guide:  "Setting up LPR/LPD
on FreeBSD" and "Printing from UNIX".
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Re: 'rm' Can not delete files

[perryh]

Matthew Seaman  wrote:

> >>> ls -1 | xargs rm
>
> >> but be aware that that wont work for filenames with spaces.
>
> True.  Can't do that using ls to generate the list of filenames as
> there is no option to generate a null-separated list amongst ls's
> multitudinous collection.

It can, however, be done indirectly :)

$ ls -1 | tr '\012' '\000' | xargs -0 rm
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Re: 'rm' Can not delete files

[perryh]

Jerry McAllister  wrote:

> On Fri, Feb 10, 2012 at 10:34:20AM -0500, Henry Olyer wrote:
> > I use bash 4.
>
> OK.  So??

If you had read the thread before posting, you would have known
that someone asked which shell Henry was using (and he answered).
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Re: FreeBSD 9, GPT and gmirror

[perryh]

Janos Dohanics  wrote:

> 1. The Guided partitioning doesn't suggest any more to
> create /var, /tmp, /usr, etc. file systems. Is it really
> the recommendation to go with just / ?

Depends on who you ask :) and on your intended usage.

> 2. Is there a way to use the old sysinstall to install FreeBSD 9? 

Not using the standard distribution IIUC.  You might want to look
at http://druidbsd.sf.net/

> 3. It seems that setting up gmirror is more involved with GPT
> (http://blather.michaelwlucas.com/archives/1071); now I have a
> mirror for each of the filesystems /, /var, /tmp, etc. Is it
> OK to use gmirror in this way at all?

Yes, indeed it is the only way to combine GPT and gmirror without
getting into trouble of one sort or another.  (The conflict between
GPT and a full-disk gmirror is actually not new.)

> 4. Also, with GPT, one has to be in single user mode to synchronize
> disks - correct?

Dunno about this one.

> 3. Assuming one has enough RAM, is zfs mirror or raidz recommended
> over gmirror?

Same situation as with #1.
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Re: fbsd safety of the ports

[perryh]

David Brodbeck  wrote:

> TWiki is a nightmare to update ...

TWiki was replaced with Foswiki (which is also in ports) at $WORK
a while back.  Dunno why, or how much of a job the changeover was
for the admins, but there must have been some expected benefit to
justify the effort.  The change was largely transparent to users.
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Re: OT: perl mail problems

[perryh]

Matthew Seaman  wrote:
 
> Anything that works by connecting to an IMAP server and
> downloading all the new messages to hold and read locally
> really is missing the point.

... or is working around administrative issues, e.g. the mail
recipient wants the mail stored locally, and the mail-server
provides IMAP but not POP.

BTW fetchmail is the canonical (although not the only) solution
to this problem.
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Re: Clang - what is the story?

[perryh]

kpn...@pobox.com wrote:

> Lattice C

Later bought out by Microsoft IIRC
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Re: freebsd-update and archs

[perryh]

Matthew Seaman  wrote:

> On 21/01/2012 10:25, Christer Solskogen wrote:
> > I've just finished installing FreeBSD on my "new" Mac mini G4 ...
>
> If that's not an Intel based Mac, then your definition of "new" is,
> well, contrary to all accepted usage.

s/"new"/newly acquired/
(I suspect).
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Re: fstab problem

[perryh]

Bernt Hansson  wrote:

> This is an old machine (1997), not sure it will boot from usb.
> I'll check.

If it can boot from floppy, Plop will boot it from USB.
http://www.plop.at/en/bootmanagers.html
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Re: BSD equivalent of GNU/Linux cp -rpu ?

[perryh]

Matthew Seaman  wrote:

> For a nice backup system that works using rsync and that preserves
> filesystem history in a space efficient way by cunning use of hard
> links, take a look at rsnapshot -- http://rsnapshot.org/

Also in ports: sysutils/rsnapshot
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Re: 9.0-RELEASE amd64 Bricked My Hard Drive

[perryh]

Bill Tillman  wrote:

> ... no matter which computer I chose, and no matter how I setup
> the Slave/Master drive, as long as this drive which I had
> installed FreeBSD-9.0-amd64 was in the loop, the computer would
> lockup at the bios screen. I could not get anything to boot if
> this drive was in the loop.

If you have an oldish machine with a spare PCI slot, you could try
plugging in a PCI-IDE controller card and connect the drive to that.
Many of the older BIOS won't look for drives on add-in controllers.
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Re: FBSD-9.0-RC3 Disk 1 ISO Bootable?

[perryh]

Al Plant  wrote:

> I accessed the sshd from the new install screen as an option when
> I loaded it on the test box. I had to set up the lan manually to
> first get it up. Then you should be able to use ssh.

I take it you either arranged for ssh to accept a direct root login,
or added a non-root username.  Does the new installer do one of
these automatically, or is there more manual configuration involved?
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nss_ldap and the linuxulator

[perryh]

Forwarding to emulation@, which is where the linuxulator gurus hang
out (AFAIK).  Please keep Da Rock in the Cc:



Date: Mon, 02 Jan 2012 21:59:57 +1000
From: Da Rock 
To: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org
Subject: nss_ldap and the linuxulator

I've just run into this snag again which I've resolved back in 7.x/8.1: 
the linuxulator cannot handle nss lookups from ldap. I ran a search for 
nss_ldap fedora 10 and simply extracted from the rpm the 
libnss_ldap*.so* in the usr/lib into the corresponding directory under 
/compat/linux.

One then only has to copy or setup the ldap.conf in /compat/linux/etc/ 
and change /compat/linux/etc/nsswitch.conf so the it will check files 
and ldap as in the base.

It works a charm when you have issues like the missus with acroread and 
others not working inexplicably. Run acroread from the command line will 
give you the clue: getpwuid_r(): failed due to unknown user id. This 
solution does fix this categorically.

I hope this helps others, but I do have one question: why isn't this 
included in the ports already?

I still haven't yet figured out cups and printer selection yet, but I 
have made some progress... :)

Cheers
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Re: reduce partition size. HELP

[perryh]

Polytropon  wrote:

>   # cd /var
>   # dump -0 -L -a -u -f - /dev/ad0s1a | restore -r -f -
>
> Make sure /var does _not_ contain directory
> names identical to those found on the / partition!
> As I said, maybe use /scratch. :-)

Unless using a freshly newfs-ed partition, it will likely be safer
to use restore -x instead of -r; see the description of -r in the
restore(8) manpage.
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Re: FreeBSD 8 LiveFS - How To Start SSHD?

[perryh]

mer...@stonehenge.com (Randal L. Schwartz) wrote:
> > "Jeff" == Jeff Tipton  writes:
> Jeff> It is the default behavior of sshd to reject root ...
> Jeff> Just access your server with
> Jeff> "ssh @,
> Jeff> and then issue "su" command to become root ...
>
> Or better yet, install sudo, which doesn't require you to share
> the root password with a group of people, reducing auditability.

It makes all kinds of sense to avoid direct root logins to an
installed system, but the OP was asking how to use ssh to connect to
a system booted from a LiveCD -- which doesn't have any user logins.
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Re: AHCI driver and static device names

[perryh]

CyberLeo Kitsana  wrote:
> On 12/14/2011 03:18 PM, Rob wrote:
> > Case in point.  I have a system with 15 drives in it.  I decided
> > I wanted to install on the 2nd device instead of the 1st, but
> > I partitioned all the other 14 drives.  I completed installation
> > and when to boot the system and it failed.  Stupid me, the GPT
> > boot loader found disk1 with a partitioning scheme but no fs.
> > So, I popped out disk 1 and when to boot again.  Hey, now it
> > starts to boot only to fail to find the root fs because it's
> > looking on ada1 and the fs is on ada0.  That is a mess.
>
> Sounds like a bug in the BIOS or boot loader. The boot loader
> should be able to ask the BIOS for the device from which it
> read the boot code, and use that instead of just naively using
> the first available device in the system ...

The BIOS does pass the BIOS disk number (0x80, 0x81, ...) to the
bootloader.  That's fine as long as the bootloader is using BIOS
calls to read the disk, but how does the BIOS disk number get
mapped, reliably, to an OS device identification?  The BIOS can't
do it, because it knows nothing about the OS, so the OS would have
to do it => the OS must know a lot of detail about every BIOS on
which it will ever run.  This does not seem very practical, and
that's at least part of the reason why labels were invented.

I suppose if someone wanted to track down the "official" way of
solving this problem, they could look into how Windows handles it.
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Re: Installation difficulties

[perryh]

Matthew Seaman  wrote:

> 7.2 is out of support now, see:
> http://www.freebsd.org/releng/index.html
>
> Inter-alia this means that there won't be packages available
> on the FTP servers specifically for that version ...

What, exactly, _is_ the policy on retention of the -release package
sets?  8.1 _is_ still supported (until sometime in 2012 IIRC), but
ftp.freebsd.org seems to contain only 8.2-release and 8-stable.
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Re: Playing .ASX files via/within Firefox ?

[perryh]

"Ronald F. Guilmette"  wrote:

> At least this gives me confidence that it can be done.  I am still
> somewhat at a loss to know exactly _how_ it can be done however.

For me, it "just works".  I installed 8.1-RELEASE (not all that
long after it was released), installed FF and some other ports
(using packages), and haven't done anything that I remember to
"get FF to work".

However, as Chris Hill pointed out, I am only seeing the still
image.  I don't even see the link for a video stream.
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Re: Playing .ASX files via/within Firefox ?

[perryh]

Chris Hill  wrote:

> ... that's a still image, a screenshot. Above that is a link
> labeled "go to live camera" - when you click on that, do you
> see live motion video?

I don't even see that link.
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Re: Playing .ASX files via/within Firefox ?

[perryh]

"Ronald F. Guilmette"  wrote:

> I've been trying to look at California Dept. of Transportation
> webcams using Firefox on FreeBSD and so far it simply ain't workin'.
> ...
> http://www.dot.ca.gov/dist3/departments/traffic/cameras/

Works for me on 8.1-RELEASE with FF 3.5.10 and these packages:

ORBit2-2.14.18_1   libXxf86vm-1.1.0
OpenSSH-askpass-1.2.4.1libart_lgpl-2.3.21,1
Tee-3.4libdaemon-0.14
a2ps-letter-4.13b_4libdrm-2.4.12_1
aalib-1.4.r5_5 libexecinfo-1.1_3
atk-1.30.0_1   libffi-3.0.9
augeas-0.7.1_2 libfontenc-1.0.5
avahi-app-0.6.25_3 libgcrypt-1.4.5_1
base64-1.5_1   libgpg-error-1.7_1
bash-4.1.7 libiconv-1.13.1_1
bison-2.4.1_1,1libmikmod-3.1.11_2
bitstream-vera-1.10_4  libmodplug-0.8.8.1
bsdadminscripts-6.1.1  libogg-1.2.0,4
cairo-1.8.10_1,1   libpthread-stubs-0.3_3
cdrtools-2.01_8libutempter-1.1.5_1
chexedit-0.9.7 libvolume_id-0.81.1
comconsole-0.1 libvorbis-1.3.1,3
compat6x-i386-6.4.604000.200810_3  libxcb-1.6
compositeproto-0.4.1   libxml2-2.7.7
consolekit-0.4.1_3 m4-1.4.14_1,1
cups-client-1.4.3  mkfontdir-1.0.5
damageproto-1.2.0  mkfontscale-1.0.7
dbus-1.2.24_1  mtools-4.0.10_1
dbus-glib-0.86_1   nspr-4.8.2
dd_rescue-1.14 open-motif-2.2.3_6
ddrescue-1.11  openoffice.org-2.4.3_2
desktop-file-utils-0.15_2  p5-Algorithm-Diff-1.1902
diskcheckd-20010823_5  p5-Date-Manip-5.56
dmidecode-2.10 p5-FileHandle-Unget-0.1623
dosbox-0.74p5-Mail-Mbox-MessageParser-1.5002_1
dri2proto-2.2  p5-Text-Diff-1.37
eggdbus-0.6_1  p5-TimeDate-1.20,1
en-freebsd-doc-20100625pango-1.28.0_1
encodings-1.0.3,1  pciids-20091229
etcmerge-0.4   pcre-8.02
expat-2.0.1_1  perl-5.10.1_1
facter-1.5.8   physfs-2.0.1
firefox-3.5.10,1   pixman-0.16.6
fixesproto-4.1.1   pkg-config-0.23_1
flac-1.2.1_2   pkg_tree-1.1_2
font-bh-ttf-1.0.1  png-1.4.3
font-misc-ethiopic-1.0.1   policykit-0.9_6
font-misc-meltho-1.0.1 polkit-0.96_2
font-util-1.0.2portmaster-2.32
fontconfig-2.8.0,1 printproto-1.0.4
freetype2-2.3.12   pstree-2.33
fvwm-2.5.30_1  psutils-letter-1.17_2
gamin-0.1.10_4 puppet-2.6.4
gconf2-2.28.1_1python26-2.6.5
gdbm-1.8.3_3   randrproto-1.3.1
gettext-0.18_1 rdate-1.3
ghostscript8-8.71_2renderproto-0.11
ghostview-1.5_2rsync-3.0.7
gio-fam-backend-2.24.1_1   ruby-1.8.7.302,1
glib-2.24.1_1  ruby18-gems-1.3.7
gnome-mime-data-2.18.0_4   ruby18-iconv-1.8.7.302,1
gnome-vfs-2.24.3_1 rubygem-ruby-augeas-0.3.0
gnome_subr-1.0 rxvt-2.6.4_5
gnomehier-2.3_12   samba34-libsmbclient-3.4.8
gnutls-2.8.6_1 screen-4.0.3_7
gobject-introspection-0.6.14   scripts-1.0.1
grepmail-5.3033sdl-1.2.14_1,2
gsfonts-8.11_5 sdl_net-1.2.7
gtk-2.20.1_2   sdl_sound-1.0.3_4
hal-0.5.14_8   shared-mime-info-0.71_1
heirloom-mailx-12.4_3  smartmontools-5.39.1
hicolor-icon-theme-0.12smiley-4.0
ical-2.2_3 smpeg-0.4.4_8
inputproto-2.0 speex-1.2.r1_3,1
jasper-1.900.1_9   sudo-1.7.3
jbigkit-1.6t1lib-5.1.2_1,1
jpeg-8_3   talloc-2.0.1
kbproto-1.0.4  tcl-8.4.19_3,1
lcms-1.19_1,1  tiff-3.9.4
lftp-4.0.9 timidity-0.2i_1
libGL-7.4.4tk-8.4.19_2,2
libGLU-7.4.4   traceroute-991603
libICE-1.0.6,1 tree-1.5.3
libIDL-0.8.14_1unzip-6.0
libSM-1.1.1_1,1unzoo-4.4_2
libX11-1.3.3,1 vim-lite-7.2.411
libXau-1.0.5   wget-1.12_1
libXaw-1.0.7,1 wgetpaste-2.17
libXcomposite-0.4.1,1  wine-1.2,1
libXcursor-1.1.10  xauth-1.0.4
libXdamage-1.1.2   xbitmaps-1.1.0
libXdmcp-1.0.3 xcb-util-0.3.6_1
libXext-1.1.1,1xextproto-7.1.1
libXfixes-4.0.4xf86vidmodeproto-2.3
libXft-2.1.14  xineramaproto-1.2
libXi-1.3,1xorg-fonts-truetype-7.5
libXi

Re: Command which does not work anymore?

[perryh]

Dan Nelson  wrote:

> dd with a bs= option tells dd to use read() syscalls with a 10mb
> size, but ssh is going to feed it data in much smaller chunks ...
> Try using a smaller blocksize (8k or 4k), or use a buffering
> program like ports/misc/team or misc/buffer just in front of your
> dd command, so that dd always sees block-sized writes from its
> stdin stream.

or specify something along the lines of "obs=126b" instead of "bs=",
so that dd will reblock the data itself.
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Re: Setenv PACKAGESITE thepathtoftp, in boot time how to do it?

[perryh]

Hugh  wrote:

> A question i've got is where i can find the default PACKAGESITE value?
 
It seems to be hardcoded in usr.sbin/pkg_install/add/main.c
(line 318 in the 8.1 version).
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Re: AHCI driver and static device names

[perryh]

CyberLeo Kitsana  wrote:

> You cannot combine GPT with glabel (or any other geom class
> that writes data to the first or last 34 sectors of a disk,
> like gmirror) due to layout conflicts.

This is overstated.  Since a GPT ordinarily is intended to be booted
from, and so must be recognized by the BIOS, it must be written
directly on the actual drive -- the "rank 1 provider" in GEOM terms
-- because that is the only way for the GPT metadata to be located
where the BIOS expects to find it (at both the beginning and the end
of the drive).

It is, however, possible to combine GPT with gmirror, gjournal,
etc. by using GPT partitions, rather than drives, as providers
for the other geoms.  For example, create a mirror from ad0p1
and ad2p1 rather than from ad0 and ad2.  Similarly, it "should"
be possible to glabel a GPT partition -- although this seems
unlikely to be useful in practice since GPT provides its own
labelling scheme.
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Re: Rsync and Preservation of Ownership and Permissions

[perryh]

Martin McCormick  wrote:

>   Rsync is a great utility, but is there a way to preserve
> ownership and permissions if rsync remotely logs in to a backup
> server as a normal user?

AFAIK, no, because only root may change the ownership of a file --
see chown(2).

>   Any ideas are greatly appreciated.

Perhaps you could have rsync log in to a jail on the backup server,
where it could safely be granted root permission.
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Re: Whats the difference between password+RSA, and password-protected RSA ?

[perryh]

Mm Bsd  wrote:

> Let's say I'd like to add a small amount of extra security to my
> SSH login process.
>
> Let's say I decide the way I want to do this is by requiring
> BOTH a password and an RSA key ...  So to log in, I would be
> required to enter a normal unix password, but I would ALSO be
> required to hold a proper RSA public key.
>
> My question is this:
>
> In terms of security (and correctness ?) what's the difference
> between this (unix password + SSH RSA key) and simply generating
> my RSA key *with* a password ?  Both ways require me to "have
> something" and "know something", but they are obviously different,
> technically.

Suppose you are a bank branch manager, and consider your RSA key
as the combination to the vault.  (Also suppose that you are the
only person authorized to open the vault, and that the combination
is complicated enough that you can't just remember it -- it has to
be written down.)

Normal file security (chmod 400) is like storing the paper, on which
the combination is written, inside your locked (personal) office.
Someone other than you, e.g. the janitor, may have a key to your
office.

Protecting the RSA key with a password is like locking the paper in
your desk (which is in your locked office).  Only you have a key to
the desk.

Requiring a login password in addition to the RSA key is like adding
a second, interior door -- to which you have the only key -- to the
vault.  That second door is nowhere near as strong as the main vault
door, but it does provide some additional protection.

There's no reason in principle why you can't protect your RSA key
with a password, and also require a (different) password for login
in addidion to the RSA key.
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Re: Webmail for local system mail

[perryh]

Errol Sayre  wrote:

> Does anyone know of a webmail product that can provide access
> to local system accounts? Even if it's just a script that runs
> /usr/bin/mail on behalf of the user.
>
> I'd like a simple way to access local system emails without
> having to forward them to an actual mailbox somewhere.

Er, /var/mail/$USER _is_ "an actual mailbox".  Depending on what
mechanism the webmail client(s) use to access mailboxes, you might
need to install a POP or IMAP server.
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Re: Shouldn't GNU tar be ignoring /proc with --one-file-system?

[perryh]

Kirk Strauser  wrote:

> On Nov 18, 2011, at 11:27 AM, Robert Bonomi wrote:
>
> > See the output of 'mount(8)' for the names of all the mounted 
> > filesystems on your machine.
>
> $ mount | grep proc
> procfs on /proc (procfs, local)
>
> > *NOTE*WELL* that '/proc' is *not* a separate filesystem.  It 
> > is merely a _directory_ with a bunch of 'special' files in it.
>
> I'm confused here. In what way isn't /proc a separate filesystem? 
> It's even called "procfs".
 
It's Bonomi who is confused.  I suspect he doesn't have procfs 
configured -- so of course its mountpoint is just a directory --
*on his system*.  The OP _does_ have procfs configured, or the
question wouldn't have arisen.
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Re: How to login to my jail from host itself (normal user)

[perryh]

Matthew Seaman  wrote:

> If you can rely on your user to follow instructions, then you
> can just tell them to 'ssh jailhost' immediately they login to
> the host ...

Might it work equally well, and avoid the dependency on following
instructions, to put

  exec ssh jailhost

in this user's .login on the real host?
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Re: What are the technical differences between Linux and BSD?

[perryh]

"C. P. Ghost"  wrote:
> On Sat, Nov 12, 2011 at 9:23 AM, Allen  wrote:
> > ...
> > Linux uses System V style Init. It's BASED on SunOS. Linus
> > Torvalds said that when he started working on Linux, his reason
> > for doing so, was that he wanted to run on HIS computer, the
> > same thing he had been using at the University, which, was
> > SunOS. He said his early inspiration for Linux was SunOS.
> >
> > Just because it uses System V init doesn't mean it's actually
> > based on it...
>
> Yes, but I guess that Linus probably used early versions of SunOS 4
> which were not only BSD-based, but also not yet SysV-ied.

If the inspiration for Linux was SunOS, it had to have been one of
SunOS 3.x, SunOS 4.x aka Solaris 1.x, or SunOS 5.x aka Solaris 2.x.

* SunOS 3.x and 4.x are ports of BSD 4.2 and/or 4.3 to Sun hardware.

* SunOS 5.x is a port of System V Release 4 to Sun hardware -- and
  SVR4 was supposed to be the integration of BSD with the AT&T code
  base (although there's wide belief that BSD got the short end of
  the stick).

Either way that leaves Linux as inspired by BSD, directly or
indirectly.

Whatever the inspiration, my understanding is that the detailed
_specification_ came from SysV -- the original Linux having been
Linus' independent reimplementation of the System V Interface
Definition -- and that's the reason for it having used the SysV
initialization approach.
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Re: X server and xinit works excellent....almost.

[perryh]

Chuck Swiger  wrote:

> > My assumption still is: Not _every_ keyboard manufacturer does
> > code the layout into the USB identification. If you tell me I'm
> > wrong with this assumption, I'll be happy. :-)
>
> Folks are supposed to use a different product ID for different
> devices, so you can uniquely identify them.
>
> I can't promise that every vendor handles this perfectly, any
> more than folks always ensured that PCI ids uniquely identified
> a specific hardware version, but one should blame the vendor for
> being brain-damaged in such cases; it isn't a fault of the USB
> standard

If someone manufactures a single type of keyboard -- using only one
type of ASIC, one PCB/keyswitch layout, one kind of housing, etc. --
I'd say it is very much open to interpretation whether snapping on a
different collection of keycaps makes it into a different "product".
Even if the manufacturer tried to cover for the possibility, e.g. by
providing a jumper on the PCB which is supposed to be set according
to the installed set of keycaps, there will still be cases where an
end user replaces or rearranges the keycaps to change the layout and
doesn't change the jumper setting.
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Re: sed vs gnu sed

[perryh]

Vincent Hoffman  wrote:

> bsd sed (correctly according to SUS at least, I believe[1])
> appends a newline when writing to standard out, gnu sed doesnt.

The wonderful thing about standards is that there are so many to
choose from  -- Tanenbaum

> is there any easy way to make our sed do the same as gnu sed here?

As long as it is OK to remove _all_ newlines -- which seems to be
the case here -- you could pipe the output through tr -d '\012'
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Re: Burning CD

[perryh]

Robert Bonomi  wrote:
> On Mon, 7 Nov 2011 12:59:23 -0800 (PST), C Horman  wrote:
> > Pentium 4, with 400MB of RAM and 2G harddrive.  There is no
> > other operating system on the computer.   When I put the CD
> > in to boot I get the message Non System disk - disk error ...
>
> The _first_ thing to check is the list of 'boot devices' in the
> computer's BIOS.  Make sure the CD Drive islisted.

Not just listed, but listed _ahead_ of the hard drive in the boot
sequence.  That "Non System disk ..." message is what an empty or
data-only disk will produce if it is booted.
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Re: OpenVPN - what configuration do I need/want

[perryh]

Bill Tillman  wrote:

> the protocol used by OpenVPN would not work whatsoever with
> Cisco equipment ...

That's what security/vpnc is for :)
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Re: Is questions mail down?

[perryh]

Per olof Ljungmark  wrote:
> On 11/01/11 21:48, Al Plant wrote:
> > I havent recieve any FreeBSD questions Sunday Monday tuesday.
> > No nov reminder either. Is the service broken?
>
> Works like charm here. Did you try to subscribe again just to
> check your account was not accidentaly unsubscribed?  And of
> course you checked your spam bucket?

Might be worth logging into the subscription page to see if delivery
got suspended due to bounces.  A notification is sent when this
happens, but it might also bounce :(
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Re: idletime in login.conf

[perryh]

Jason Helfman  wrote:
> On Mon, Oct 31, 2011 at 08:11:57PM +0100, Julian H. Stacey thus spake:
> >Suggestion: use send-pr to submit a diff to add
> > SEE ALSO ports/sysutils/doinkd
> >to man login.conf
>
> I don't believe it is the correct place in a base man page for
> mentioning a port in the FreeBSD tree, or in at least this case.

Perhaps the Handbook would be a better place.
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Re: The ports are really funcional?

[perryh]

Michael Powell  wrote:

> I have always suspected that unknowingly utilizing the already
> out-of-date tree from the initial install is probably what causes
> most newcomers' problems with ports.

My experience is exactly the opposite.  The biggest problem I've
had with ports came from trying to follow the recommended approach
of updating the tree after installing, before trying to build
anything.

In retrospect, I'm not at all sure why anyone would be surprised
at this finding -- or why "update it first" would be recommended.
The ports tree is known to be buildable and self-consistent when
packages are built for a release, and that version of the tree
is distributed with the release.  If something won't build on a
freshly-installed -RELEASE, but the build cluster _was_ able to
build the package, there pretty much has to be something wrong with
the local installation.  Updating the ports tree can't possibly
fix such a problem, whatever it may be, and just complicates the
situation by introducing more variables.

My approach is to install using the known-good ports tree from the
release, get the system operational, and _then_ consider updating.
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Re: Fast personal printing _without_ CUPS

[perryh]

Warren Block  wrote:

> A better example would be a web browser or word processor.  The
> program stops responding to further input until the printer has
> received the entire print job.  This bothered people enough that
> they came up with lpd/lpr ...

Back when lpr/lpd were first written, it was not just a matter of
the printer "receiving" the entire print job but of (nearly) the
entire job being completely printed.  Few printers had more than a
one-line buffer in those days.  There was also the matter of sharing
the printer among a considerable number of concurrent users, those
being the days of multiuser PDP-11's and VAXen.

BTW there was nothing particularly innovative about lpr/lpd --
mainframes like IBM 360's and even 7090's had been using print
spoolers for years.
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Re: Fast personal printing _without_ CUPS

[perryh]

Polytropon  wrote:

> Companies that develop printers want money.
> They need to continuously sell printers ...

This seems to be becoming less and less accurate.

It has long been the case that consumer-grade ink-blot printers are
sold below cost -- the money being made by selling ink cartridges.
In recent years, some manufacturers of laser printers seem to be
adopting this business model also.
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Re: strange behavior of restore(8)

[perryh]

Mike Tancsa  wrote:

> if there are a lot of files, restore needs quite a bit of RAM.

It might need less to "extract" (restore -x) than to "restore"
(restore -r) -- but that only works if there's no need to load
an incremental afterwards.
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Re: ZFS on Dell with FreeBSD

[perryh]

Damien Fleuriot  wrote:

> Why would you post about freebsd on opensolaris' list is beyond me.

Presumably because opensolaris is the ZFS upstream.
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Re: FreeBSD 8.1/amd64: Boot from eSATA drive (external)?

[perryh]

Martin Schweizer  wrote:
> I'v got a notebook (HP Elite 2560p) which can boot from an exteral
> eSATA drive. Can FreeBSD boot from there? Is it supported?

It seems as if it should work.
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Re: need to check for hex in C: how/

[perryh]

Matthew Seaman  wrote:

> '32/' is not any sort of syntax I've ever seen before to
> indicate hexadecimal.

I suspect it's a typo, intending '32.'  My fingers are forever
mixing up slashes and periods, since the keys are adjacent
(on a US/English keyboard, dunno about other arrangements).
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Re: Very large swap

[perryh]

Dennis Glatting  wrote:

> This is a proof-of-concept project ...
> I am doing it on the cheap ...
>
> I have committed to the project five machines. Three run over
> clocked Phenom II x6 processors with 16GB of RAM, 1TB disk for
> the OS, 1TB disk for Junk, and a 3-2TB disk RAIDz array ...
> These machines are liquid cooled ...
>
> A data manipulation server is running an i7 x4 with 24GB of fast
> RAM. It has 12 2TB disks, 2 1TB disks (OS), plus a few SSDs ...
>
> A repository server is an i7 x6 3.3GHz with 24GB of RAM, several
> volumes, two of which are RAIDz, SSDs, and other junk ...

If that's "on the cheap", I shudder to think what would be
considered "expensive".  I've seen a whole server room with
less horsepower and disk than that.
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Re: FS of choice for max random iops ( Maildir )

[perryh]

free...@top-consulting.net wrote:

> C. TEST3 ( sequential writing ): bonnie++ -d /data -c 10 -s 8088 -n 0 -u 0
>
> 1. UFS + gjournal crashed the box

This _might_ have been caused by a too-small journal provider.
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Re: Is there way to get filename for specific LBA?

[perryh]

Robert Bonomi  wrote:

> > Aug 31 05:13:24 da kernel: ad6: WARNING - READ_DMA UDMA ICRC
> > error (retrying request) LBA=107491647
> > ... I looked at bsdlabel a   it's partition f, /home. But what
> > is the file name?
>
> There's *no* easy way to find out.  You'll have to grovel through
> all the filesystem metadata, and the layers of index blocks for
> every file until you find the 'rgiht' one.

This is what "icheck -B" was for, but icheck(8) no longer exists and
that particular bit of functionality does not seem to be provided in
fsck(8).

One current userland utility (other than fsck) which does know
how to grovel through the metadata and index blocks is dump(8),
but you'd have to hack on it to report which inode was using a
particular block.
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Re: Is there way to get filename for specific LBA?

[perryh]

Ross  wrote:

> >> Aug 31 05:13:24 da kernel: ad6: WARNING - READ_DMA UDMA ICRC
> >> error (retrying request) LBA=107491647
> > ...
> > What does
> >
> > ??egrep 'ad[0-9]|ata' /var/run/dmesg.boot
> >
> > report?
>
> atapci0:  port
> 0x20b8-0x20bf,0x20cc-0x20cf,0x20b0-0x20b7,0x20c8-0x20cb,0x20a0-0x20af
> mem 0xe0284000-0xe02843ff irq 19 at device 31.2 on pci0
> atapci0: [ITHREAD]
> ata2:  on atapci0
> ata2: [ITHREAD]
> ata3:  on atapci0
> ata3: [ITHREAD]
> ad4: 238475MB  at ata2-master UDMA100 SATA
> ad6: 476940MB  at ata3-master UDMA100 SATA
> Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad6s1a

Different hardware than mine, so my w/a may not help.

If it's only happened the one time, you may want to just write it
off as a glitch.  If it happens frequently, or you start getting
unrecovered failures, you could _try_

  atacontrol mode ad6 UDMA66

Slowing down the transfer rate may make it more tolerant of
electrical noise, bad cabling, etc.  This approach worked for
me, but on a PATA (not SATA) port and using a different type
of controller (a VIA 6421).

> smartd also reports this:
>
> Aug 31 10:41:04 da smartd[886]: Device: /dev/ad6, Failed SMART
> usage Attribute: 184 End-to-End_Error.
>
> I found this explanation: http://kb.acronis.com/content/9119
>
> So disk is dying? Or is it cable. I have no physical access to
> the server at the moment.

I'll leave the SMART analysis to those who are familiar with it :)
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Re: Is there way to get filename for specific LBA?

[perryh]

Ross  wrote:

> Aug 31 05:13:24 da kernel: ad6: WARNING - READ_DMA UDMA ICRC error
> (retrying request) LBA=107491647

That message is reporting a problem in communication between the
drive and the controller (or, perhaps, between the controller and
main memory), not a problem reading the media, so the LBA is likely
not all that useful (esp. since, if you got no other messages, the
retry succeeded so no data was lost).

What does

  egrep 'ad[0-9]|ata' /var/run/dmesg.boot

report?

> #  dd if=/dev/ad6 of=/dev/null bs=1m seek=107491647 count=1
> dd: /dev/null: Inappropriate ioctl for device
>
> Another question: why does it fail?

seek= applies to the output file, so it tried to do a seek on
/dev/null :)  You probably wanted skip= (or iseek=).
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editors/zim

[perryh]

Forwarding to ports@, which seems more likely to yield an answer to
this particular inquiry than questions@

Please keep the OP, who is probably not subscribed to ports@, in the
Cc: list.



Date: Tue, 30 Aug 2011 13:52:12 +0100
From: Chris Whitehouse 
To: User Questions 
Subject: editors/zim

Hi,

I have a problem with Zim which I wrote to the author about he
replied and said;

"I'm afraid version 0.29 is no longer supported. This was the last
version in the Perl branch, since we moved to Python there have been
already 10 more releases. So please try the latest version (0.52)."

Are there any plans to bump it to Python and a recent release?
I emailed the maintainer a while back but got no response.

thanks

Chris
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Re: bridged wireless access point in FreeBSD 8.2p2

[perryh]

Paul Beard  wrote:

> After some more head scratching, it sounds like what I want is a
> bridge. Reading if_bridge(4), the first example looks a lot like
> what I am trying to do.
> ...
> Did I misread this?  Does sending packets between two physical
> interfaces require a bridge?

It requires either a bridge or a router.  Which one you need depends
on your and your ISP's setups.

One thing to check is your "terms of service" (or whatever your ISP
calls it).  Unless you're paying commercial rates, they most likely
limit you to a single IP address, in which case you _have_ to have
a router* -- and almost certainly NAT -- somewhere between your LAN
and the ISP.  A bridge connects two (or more) segments of a single
subnet:  from an IP-addressing standpoint it's not much different
from a hub or a switch.  BTW, for your own protection, you also need
a firewall.

Home gateways like the WRT54G are usually set up to provide NAT,
routing, and firewalling.

* unless you have only one IP-addressed device on your LAN, in which
  case it can just go ahead and use the one IP address.
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Re: Support for Bigfoot Killer E2100?

[perryh]

Dennis Glatting  wrote:

> Does FreeBSD support this chipset?
>
> http://www.bigfootnetworks.com/assets/Company/Media-Center/Datasheets/Final-Killer-E2100-Datasheet.pdf

That has got to be the most pathetic excuse for a "Datasheet"
I have ever seen.  (Any of the major suppliers would have called
it a Product Brief or some such.)  Vastly more technical detail
would be needed to even contemplate writing a driver.

The only drivers I found on their site are for Windows.
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Re: new to os

[perryh]

Lars Eighner  wrote:

> You might, for example, still have your copy of WP 5 -- I do.
> But printers that work with the printer drivers are now museum
> pieces ...

With the notable exception of PostScript printers.  WP5 probably had
a driver for the Apple LaserWriter, and -- while actual LaserWriters
from that era are in the museum category -- the output from a
LaserWriter driver will usually work on newer PostScript printers.
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Re: Enabling gjournal without destroying a filesystem?

[perryh]

"Conrad J. Sabatier"  wrote:

> Is there any way to enable gjournal on an already existing
> filesystem without destroying it?

Yes, provided the existing filesystem is not using the last block
of its provider (partition), but you'll have to put the journal on
a separate provider from the data.  See the explanation of the -s
switch in gjournal(8) to determine the necessary size of the journal
provider, but don't specify -s in the "gjournal label" command
because the size of the journal is implicitly set by the the size
of its provider when separate from the data provider.  (-s is used
when a single provider is used for both journal and data.)  Also
read the explanation of the -f switch, but don't actually specify
-f unless you are sure you know what you're doing :)

Something like this [untested]:

  # umount [existing filesystem]
  # gjournal label [existing filesystem] [journal provider]
  # tunefs -J enable -n disable [existing filesystem].journal
  # mount -o async [existing filesystem].journal [mountpoint]

and edit /etc/fstab accordingly.
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Re: Group permissions are broken?

[perryh]

Michael Sierchio  wrote:
> On Mon, Aug 15, 2011 at 1:06 PM, Yuri  wrote:
> > User john is a member of both webcamd and vboxusers:
> > # grep john /etc/group
> > webcamd:*:145:john
> > vboxusers:*:920:john
> >
> > When the file /tmp/my-test is owned by webcamd, user john can
> > touch it ok:
> > $ ls -l /tmp/my-test ; touch ?/tmp/my-test
> > -rw-rw ?1 vboxusers ?vboxusers ?0 Aug 15 12:54 /tmp/my-test
> >
> > But when /tmp/my-test is owned by webcamd, user john gets an
> > error:
> > $ ls -l /tmp/my-test ; touch ?/tmp/my-test
> > -rw-rw ?1 webcamd ?webcamd ?0 Aug 15 13:02 /tmp/my-test
> > touch: /tmp/my-test: Permission denied
> >
> > Why does this error occur? Two groups seem identical. Just
> > different group ids.
>
> /tmp has the sticky bit set.  man 8 sticky

On my 8.1 system, sticky(8) says:

  A directory whose `sticky bit' is set becomes ... a directory in
  which the _deletion_ of files is restricted.  A file in a sticky
  directory may only be _removed_ or _renamed_ if ...

[emphasis added]

Nothing there about the sticky bit changing the permissions required
to _overwrite_ a file, which is the subject of the current inquiry.

Even if the sticky bit _did_ have some effect on overwriting a file,
how would that explain the _different_ behavior of the two cases shown?
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Re: MFP recommendations

[perryh]

Jon Theil Nielsen  wrote:

> 2011/8/11 Michael 
> > On Aug 11, 2011, at 2:51 AM, Jon Theil Nielsen wrote:
> > > 2011/8/10 Jon Theil Nielsen 
> > > ... my main goal is to be able to print over the network
> > > via my FreeBSD station ...
> > If you buy something like an Lexmark X543, you'll get all the
> > features you want and it connects directly to your LAN ...
> ... both the physical size and the price are too much.

Small, inexpensive, networked laser that works well with FreeBSD:
Samsung ML-2571N.  Being a PostScript printer it should work with
pretty much anything -- if an OS has no entry for it, the entry for
Apple LaserWriter should work.

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Re: more information

[perryh]

Chad Perrin  wrote:

> Do I get a cookie?

Only if you visit a web site that uses them,
and have them enabled in your browser :)
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Re: Xorg at 100%CPU when browser is on

[perryh]

"C. P. Ghost"  wrote:

> ... when mplayer plays some (rare) video files.
>
> Xorg then stays at 100% CPU, and it is impossible to kill it,
> neither from the inside, nor from the outside (logged in via
> ssh) with SIGKILL. Only a reboot helps here.

An unkillable process is almost certainly hung in a driver, and in
this case I would strongly suspect it is a video driver.  Can you
break to KDB (or get a dump) and get a ps listing and a traceback
of the hung process?  That may enable someone familiar with the
particular driver involved to debug it.
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Re: Hi installing on windows dual boot

[perryh]

Ryan Coleman  wrote:

> A heads up about your footer: This email goes onto a mailing
> list that is available via an online archive... your "terms"
> are violated just by sending an email to this mailing list.

Not necessarily.  It says [emphasis added]:

> > The contents of this eMail ... should not be disclosed
> > to, ... anyone _other than the intended addressee(s)_ ...
> > Any _unauthorized_ review ... is strictly prohibited ...

I don't see a problem provided the archived mailing list is
considered to be among "the intended addressee(s)" and the
sender is considered, by the act of sending it to an archived
list, to have authorized the archiving (and implicitly any
subsequent use of the archive).
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Re: ATA troubles

[perryh]

Andrea Venturoli  wrote:
> On 07/25/11 16:03, per...@pluto.rain.com wrote:
> > I fixed a similar problem -- involving a VIA 6421 controller --
> > a while back, by using atacontrol(8) to reduce the DMA speed
> > from UDMA133 to UDMA100.
> ...
> I don't know if this is really effective with SATA...

Nor do I; my problem involved a PATA device.

Dmesg reports for SATA devices include a UDMAxx notation in addition
to the SATA speed notation, but I don't know its significance.

ad0: 305245MB  at ata0-master
 UDMA66 
ad1: 32253MB  at ata0-slave UDMA66 
ad4: 61136MB  at ata2-master
 UDMA100 SATA 1.5Gb/s
acd1: DVDR  at ata3-master
 UDMA66 SATA 1.5Gb/s
ad8: 305245MB  at ata4-master
 UDMA133 
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Re: ATA troubles

[perryh]

Jerome Herman  wrote:

> >> Jul 24 23:48:36 mydavid kernel: ad6: FAILURE - READ_DMA48 
> >> status=51 error=40 LBA=1671887488
> >> Jul 24 23:48:36 mydavid kernel: 
> >> g_vfs_done():stripe/backup[READ(offset=1712012836864, 
> >> length=131072)]error = 5
> ... since they are ATA drives make sure you are using 80pins
> ribbons and that DMA is properly activated in BIOS.
>
> You can also try to reduce DMA level, it must be on UDMA5 by
> default, try using UDMA 4 (aka UDMA/66) or UDMA 3.

I fixed a similar problem -- involving a VIA 6421 controller --
a while back, by using atacontrol(8) to reduce the DMA speed
from UDMA133 to UDMA100.  Evidently it is possible, under some
circumstances, for a device and controller to negotiate a speed
that's too high to actually work :(
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Android (Re: 2020: Will BSD and Linux be relevant anymore?)

[perryh]

Chad Perrin  wrote:

> If Android actually exposed more of the Linux underpinnings
> it might be somewhat useful to me ...

There _is_ a development kit.  I have no idea what-all is involved
in setting it up, but if someone were sufficiently motivated it
would presumably be possible to develop an app to provide access
to bash (and thence any other desired command-line tools).
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Re: How to add sio to 8.2 ?

[perryh]

Lars Eighner  wrote:

> I've come to the conclusion that I need sio to be able to use 8.x.
>
> Can it be as simple as just dropping the code from 7.x into the
> source for 8.x and adding a line to the kernel configuration?
>
> Or would this be fraught with all kinds of deep traps?

sio(4) was replaced by uart(4) as part of the Giant retirement.
Depending on what you need that uart(4) does not currently have,
it might be easier to improve uart(4) than to resurrect sio(4).
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Re: 2020: Will BSD and Linux be relevant anymore?

[perryh]

Gary Gatten  wrote:

> ... can a HAL be developed that runs on BSD that "emulates"
> Winblow$ such that any driver written for Winblow$ will "work"
> on *BSD?
> ...
> Something in the back of my head says there was / is something
> along this line already available or in the works, but I can't
> recall for sure.

I _think_ we may already have something along these lines for
NDIS (network) drivers, but I don't know how well it works.
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Re: em0 NIC slow on 8.2-p1 amd64?

[perryh]

Eduardo Morras  wrote:

> If it's not connected at 1 gigabit or not full duplex you can
> force it with ifconfig. If there are too much errors check the
> cable.

Last I heard, this does _not_ work with gigabit unless you can
force-configure both ends of the link.  The negotiation protocol is
such that force-configuring just one end _guarantees_ a mismatch.
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Re: scrpt help neded...

[perryh]

Gary Kline  wrote:

> I'm looking for a script that takes on arg and lets   me vi/vim
> into the r esults.  Let's say that I'm looking for the string
> 201107 in a slew of files.  the script find it with grep---not
> grep -w, just grep.  collect es the filenames and lines (grep -n)
> and saves  then temporarily, then points vim or vi at each
> file+linenumbr and execs it for me.   the fewer keystrokes, the
> better.

To edit each file that contains 201107:

  $ vi ` grep -l 201107 {files to be searched} `

That won't pre-position within the files, but since it's a single
invocation of vi, with each subsequent file being loaded by :n, a
search pattern will persist (unless/until you replace it by entering
a different search pattern).  At the top of the first file, you enter

  /201107

to find the first instance, "n" to find the second, etc.  After :n
-- at the top of the second file -- "n" alone will find the first
instance.

OTOH if you want to bring up an xterm containing _the results of
the grep_ you can pipe it into the attached script.  There is no
manpage, but the comments and the (straightforward) parameter
decoding should provide a start.  (There are a few "magic numbers",
which ideally should be tweaked for your X11 installation's font
dimensions, but nothing horrible will happen if they are slightly
off.)
#!/usr/local/bin/bash

# The maxl and maxw calculations involve "magic numbers," which ideally
# ought to be extracted from xterm and window-manager settings rather
# than being hard-coded.  Good luck figuring out a way to do that.
#
#   The xterm font is 6w x 13h
#
#   visible title bar height incl top frame = 29 pixels
#   + xterm margin inside frame = 1 pixel
#   + bottom frame & margin = 8 pixels (same as frame widths below)
#   + window-manager shadow = 1 pixel
#   => height available for text = screen height - 39 pixels
#
maxl=`(xwininfo -root | sed -n -e 's/  Height: //p' ; echo 39 - 13 / p) | dc`
#
#   visible frame width = 7 pixels
#   + xterm margin inside frame = 1 pixel
#   * 2 sides => total width of side frames = 16 pixels
#   + window-manager shadow = 1 pixel
#   => width available for text = screen width - 17 pixels
#
maxw=`(xwininfo -root | sed -n -e 's/  Width: //p' ; echo 17 - 6 / p) | dc`

# maxw "should" be used in conjunction with the max line length found in the
# file to automatically set the width (as is already being done for the length).

# Set defaults
w=80
l=0
n=stdin
flags=""
n_is_default=1
w_is_default=1

# Handle flag params
while [[ "$1" == -?* ]] ; do
   case "$1" in
  -w  )
shift
w="$1"
w_is_default=0
;;
  -w* )
w="${1#-w}"
w_is_default=0
;;
  -l  )
shift
l="$1"
;;
  -l* )
l="${1#-l}"
;;
  -n  )
shift
n="$1"
n_is_default=0
;;
  -n* )
n="${1#-n}"
n_is_default=0
;;
  *   )
flags="$flags $1"
   esac
   shift
done

# Check for no params => stdin, or 1st param of "-" (explicit stdin), and
# if so copy stdin to a file since there seems no way to get it passed to
# the "less" which will be running in the xterm.  Note that "-" will not
# work as any but the first non-flag parameter.
if [ "x$1" == "x" -o "$1" == "-" ] ; then
   cat > /tmp/xless$$
   shift
   if [ "$l" == "0" ] ; then
  l="`(head -$maxl /tmp/xless$$ | fold -w$w | wc -l ; echo \"1 + d [$maxl p 
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Re: 2020: Will BSD and Linux be relevant anymore?

[perryh]

Daniel Staal  wrote:

> The perfect computing device would fit in a pocket, have a screen
> the size of your wall, have a full (and full-sized) keyboard, and
> your choice of pointing devices.  It would be able to play any
> game you wanted to play, hold every movie and song ever recorded
> along with your entire lifetime's collection of documents, and be
> able to access the Internet from anywhere.  It would only need
> to be recharged as often as you sleep.  (And would be able to
> recharge anywhere.)

It would also be fully encrypted and keyed to your fingerprint or
retinal scan, so that no thief would be able to extract anything
from it, and the encrypted files would be backed up automatically
whenever it was recharged to guard against data loss in case of
loss, theft, damage, malfunction, etc.
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Re: Tools to find "unlegal" files ( videos , music etc )

[perryh]

mer...@stonehenge.com (Randal L. Schwartz) wrote:

> >>>>> "perryh" == perryh   writes:
> perryh> xxx it doesn't address the question of whether a
> perryh> specific copy is "legal", i.e. did the user who
> perryh> put it there have the legal right to put it there?
>
> There's no tool that can do that

That is precisely my point.

> so I'm hoping you're joking now.

Not at all.  Far too many people believe that technological
fixes exist for that sort of problem.
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Re: Tools to find "unlegal" files ( videos , music etc )

[perryh]

Robert Bonomi  wrote:
> > Date: Mon, 18 Jul 2011 23:01:53 -0700
> > From: per...@pluto.rain.com
> > Subject: Re: Tools to find "unlegal" files ( videos , music etc )
> >
> > Robert Bonomi  wrote:
> >
> > 
> >
> > All well and good for locating files of a certain format and/or
> > with particular content, but it doesn't address the question of
> > whether a specific copy is "legal", i.e. did the user who put it
> > there have the legal right to put it there?
>
> {{ Noting that the troll contributed nothing constructive to the OP's
>problem, _or_ to dealing with the pseudo-issue he raises. }}
>
> Obviously the ankle-biter was incapable of reading the ACTUAL REQUEST
> the OP made:
>
>   "Anyone knows an utility that I could pipe to the "find" command
>in order to detect video, music, games ... etc  files ?
>   
>I need a tool that could "inspect" inside files because many users
>rename those filename to "inoffensive" ones :-)"

{{ Noting that ad-hominem attacks, e.g. name-calling, are typically
   employed by those who lack confidence in the merit of their case. }}

Actually, I read the _entire_ posting, including the subject line
which you may have missed.  The 'ACTUAL REQUEST' was for 'Tools to
find "unlegal" files' (quotes in original).  Not '... media files',
or '... files which _might_ infringe copyrights', but '... "unlegal"
files'.  As noted elsewhere in this thread, my point was that that
can't be automated -- at least, not to my knowledge.

> ... it was _explicit_ in the actual suggestion that it only 
> produced a list possible 'suspects' -- It did _not_ provide
> any indication of status -- 'legal', or otherwise.

and thus it did not solve the OP's stated problem, unless we are to
presume that the subject line was not part of the problem statement.
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