Re: jail - beginner questions

2009-11-18 Thread Laszlo Nagy



The address 192.168.0.11 must be assigned to a interface in the host FreeBSD.
You can do it before starting the jail, or when the jail is being started.

To assign the address before starting the jail do somthing like this:
# ifconfig lnc0 alias 192.168.0.11/24
where lnc0 is the name of nic in the host FreeBSD
  


Great. Here is what I did:

sorb# mkdir -p /usr/jails/vm1
sorb# cd /usr/src
sorb# setenv D /usr/jails/vm1
sorb# make installworld DESTDIR=$D
sorb# make distribution DESTDIR=$D
sorb# cat  /etc/rc.conf

jail_enable=YES
jail_list=vm1
jail_vm1_rootdir=/usr/jails/vm1
jail_vm1_hostname=vm1.localdomain
jail_vm1_ip=192.168.0.11
jail_vm1_interface=lnc0
jail_vm1_devfs_enable=YES
jail_vm1_devfs_ruleset=vm1_ruleset

^D
sorb#mount -t devfs devfs $D /dev
sorb# /etc/rc.d/jail start vm1
Configuring jails:.
Starting jails:ifconfig: interface lnc0 does not exist
vm1.localdomain.

See, I do not understand how this works. If I use a real physical 
interface then it works:


sorb# ifconfig
re0: flags=8843UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST metric 0 mtu 1500
   
options=389bRXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,VLAN_HWCSUM,WOL_UCAST,WOL_MCAST,WOL_MAGIC

   ether 00:1a:4d:7b:cf:d6
   inet X.X.X.X netmask 0xff00 broadcast X.X.X.255
   inet 192.168.0.11 netmask 0x broadcast 192.168.0.11
   media: Ethernet autoselect (100baseTX full-duplex)
   status: active

where X.X.X.X is my public internet IP address. But I do not like this. 
I do not want to expose my jail's private IP address to the internet. Am 
I too paranoid? Should I just add rules like


ipfw add 1000 allow all from X.X.X.X to 192.168.0.11
ipfw add 1001 allow all from 192.168.0.11 to X.X.X.X
ipfw add 1002 deny all from any to 192.168.0.11
ipfw add 1003 deny all from 192.168.0.11 to any

and be happy? Or would it be better to create a virtual ethernet 
interface for my jails? Somehow?


d.) It requires to use firewall either ipfw or pf. 
For example you can add to your /etc/pf.conf: 
nat on lnc0 from 192.168.0.11 to any - 192.168.37.133 


But the firewall requires more lines then this one to work correcly with all 
network traffic.
And you have to know exactly what you want to get for using it. 
  

I'm using ipfw. I think I'll use natd+divert on the host.

Thank you very much! I feel I'm over the hard part. :-)

  Laszlo

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Re: jail - beginner questions

2009-11-18 Thread Boris Samorodov
Laszlo Nagy gand...@shopzeus.com writes:

 I do not want to expose my jail's private IP address to the
 internet.

Use loopback interface and 127.x.x.x address.

--
WBR, bsam
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Re: jail - beginner questions

2009-11-18 Thread Brian A. Seklecki (CFI NOC)



I really think that it should be corrected to:

cd /usr/src
make distribution DESTDIR=$D


That's almost certainly correct, but it notes:

  Notes
  [1] This step is not required on FreeBSD 6.0 and later.



But then I get this error in syslog:

bind: Can't assign requested address



That's a general ntworking error.  We'd need to see your 
ifconfig(8)/netstat(8) -rn and rc.conf(5) network settings to figure 
that out.


~BAS
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Re: jail - beginner questions

2009-11-18 Thread Michael Svobodin
On Wed, Nov 18, 2009 at 09:09:32AM +0100, Laszlo Nagy wrote:

 Great. Here is what I did:
 
 sorb# mkdir -p /usr/jails/vm1
 sorb# cd /usr/src
 sorb# setenv D /usr/jails/vm1
 sorb# make installworld DESTDIR=$D
 sorb# make distribution DESTDIR=$D
 sorb# cat  /etc/rc.conf
 
 jail_enable=YES
 jail_list=vm1
 jail_vm1_rootdir=/usr/jails/vm1
 jail_vm1_hostname=vm1.localdomain
 jail_vm1_ip=192.168.0.11
 jail_vm1_interface=lnc0
 jail_vm1_devfs_enable=YES
 jail_vm1_devfs_ruleset=vm1_ruleset
 
 ^D
 sorb#mount -t devfs devfs $D /dev
 sorb# /etc/rc.d/jail start vm1
 Configuring jails:.
 Starting jails:ifconfig: interface lnc0 does not exist
 vm1.localdomain.
 
 See, I do not understand how this works. If I use a real physical 
 interface then it works:
 
 sorb# ifconfig
 re0: flags=8843UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST metric 0 mtu 1500

 options=389bRXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,VLAN_HWCSUM,WOL_UCAST,WOL_MCAST,WOL_MAGIC
ether 00:1a:4d:7b:cf:d6
inet X.X.X.X netmask 0xff00 broadcast X.X.X.255
inet 192.168.0.11 netmask 0x broadcast 192.168.0.11
media: Ethernet autoselect (100baseTX full-duplex)
status: active

I thought that your physical interface is the lnc0 on the host FreeBSD.
The jail startup script doesn't create any interfaces itself.
It uses any interface that extists in the host OS, and sets the ip address on 
it.
So, you can use either re0 or lo0. 

 where X.X.X.X is my public internet IP address. But I do not like this. 
 I do not want to expose my jail's private IP address to the internet. Am 
 I too paranoid? Should I just add rules like
 
 ipfw add 1000 allow all from X.X.X.X to 192.168.0.11
 ipfw add 1001 allow all from 192.168.0.11 to X.X.X.X
 ipfw add 1002 deny all from any to 192.168.0.11
 ipfw add 1003 deny all from 192.168.0.11 to any
 
 and be happy? Or would it be better to create a virtual ethernet 
 interface for my jails? Somehow?

If you want to hide your jail then you can use the interface lo0.
jail_vm1_interface=lo0

Suppose that your public ip address is 192.168.201.50.

Then start the natd:
# natd -a 192.168.201.50

and add to ipfw these divert rules:
# ipfw add 10 divert natd all from any to 192.168.201.50 in
# ipfw add 20 divert natd all from 192.168.0.11 to any out

after that add to ipfw rules to allow the traffic diverted above
or you can allow all for testing:
# ipfw add 30 allow all from any to any


Now your jail is hidden from the outer network.
But inside the jail the network is working.
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jail - beginner questions

2009-11-17 Thread Laszlo Nagy
I'm experimenting with jails. I have installed a 7.2 stable FreeBSD 
inside vmware. Then I have created two jails, using the method written 
in the handbook:


http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/jails-build.html

The only thing that didn't work is this:

cd /etc
make distribution DESTDIR=$D

I really think that it should be corrected to:

cd /usr/src
make distribution DESTDIR=$D


After mounting devfs (mount -t devfs devfs /vm1/dev) I try to start it:

/etc/rc.d/vm1 start vm1

But then I get this error in syslog:

bind: Can't assign requested address

Here is the config from /etc/rc.conf (in the host):

jail_enable=YES# Set to NO to disable starting of 
any jails
jail_list=vm1 vm2  # Space separated list of names of 
jails


jail_vm1_rootdir=/vm1  # jail's root directory
jail_vm1_hostname=vm1.localdomain  # jail's hostname
jail_vm1_ip=192.168.0.11   # jail's IP address
jail_vm1_devfs_enable=YES  # mount devfs in the jail
jail_vm1_devfs_ruleset=vm1_ruleset # devfs ruleset to apply to jail

jail_vm2_rootdir=/vm2  # jail's root directory
jail_vm2_hostname=vm2.localdomain  # jail's hostname
jail_vm2_ip=192.168.0.12   # jail's IP address
jail_vm2_devfs_enable=YES  # mount devfs in the jail
jail_vm2_devfs_ruleset=vm2_ruleset # devfs ruleset to apply to jail

Please help.

Thank you,

  Laszlo

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Re: jail - beginner questions

2009-11-17 Thread Lowell Gilbert
Laszlo Nagy gand...@shopzeus.com writes:

 I'm experimenting with jails. I have installed a 7.2 stable FreeBSD
 inside vmware. Then I have created two jails, using the method written
 in the handbook:

 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/jails-build.html

 The only thing that didn't work is this:

 cd /etc
 make distribution DESTDIR=$D

 I really think that it should be corrected to:

 cd /usr/src
 make distribution DESTDIR=$D

No, I think you added the '/' before 'etc', which isn't in the web page.


 After mounting devfs (mount -t devfs devfs /vm1/dev) I try to start it:

 /etc/rc.d/vm1 start vm1

 But then I get this error in syslog:

 bind: Can't assign requested address

 Here is the config from /etc/rc.conf (in the host):

 jail_enable=YES# Set to NO to disable starting
 of any jails
 jail_list=vm1 vm2  # Space separated list of names
 of jails

 jail_vm1_rootdir=/vm1  # jail's root directory
 jail_vm1_hostname=vm1.localdomain  # jail's hostname
 jail_vm1_ip=192.168.0.11   # jail's IP address
 jail_vm1_devfs_enable=YES  # mount devfs in the jail
 jail_vm1_devfs_ruleset=vm1_ruleset # devfs ruleset to apply to jail

 jail_vm2_rootdir=/vm2  # jail's root directory
 jail_vm2_hostname=vm2.localdomain  # jail's hostname
 jail_vm2_ip=192.168.0.12   # jail's IP address
 jail_vm2_devfs_enable=YES  # mount devfs in the jail
 jail_vm2_devfs_ruleset=vm2_ruleset # devfs ruleset to apply to jail


Is the problem perhaps in your /etc/rc.d/vm1 script?  
Normally you would use /etc/rc.d/jail.

Are those addresses already assigned on the host?
Was the jail perhaps already running?
-- 
Lowell Gilbert, embedded/networking software engineer, Boston area
http://be-well.ilk.org/~lowell/
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Re: jail - beginner questions

2009-11-17 Thread Laszlo Nagy



No, I think you added the '/' before 'etc', which isn't in the web page.
  

Gotcha.
  
Is the problem perhaps in your /etc/rc.d/vm1 script?  
Normally you would use /etc/rc.d/jail.
  

Yes, I'm. Sorry - it was a typo. I used this:

/etc/rc.d/jail start vm1

Are those addresses already assigned on the host?
Was the jail perhaps already running?
  

My computer is a windows machine, with address 192.168.0.X
Then the FreeBSD host is actually a guest os running in wvmare. It has 
address 192.168.37.133

And finally, the vm1 jail should have 192.168.0.11

I don't know why 192.168.0.11 is not working for the jail. Anyway, if I 
change the jail's address to 192.168.10.11 then


/etc/rc.d/jail start vm1
Starting jails: vm1.localdomain.

Now the next question: how can I access the hosted (jailed) OS? I know 
it is a dumb question, but I have no idea. I would like to:


a.) run sshd in the jail
b.) login from the host to the jailed (hosted) OS
c.) install programs on the jail, configure them and finally
d.) use NATD to divert some pacakges from the host to the jail and back

Probably this is what everybody does, so if you could point me to a 
tutorial or something, I would appriciate it.


Thanks,

  Laszlo

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Re: jail - beginner questions

2009-11-17 Thread Michael Svobodin
On Tue, Nov 17, 2009 at 10:41:14PM +0430, Laszlo Nagy wrote:

 My computer is a windows machine, with address 192.168.0.X
 Then the FreeBSD host is actually a guest os running in wvmare. It has 
 address 192.168.37.133
 And finally, the vm1 jail should have 192.168.0.11
 
 I don't know why 192.168.0.11 is not working for the jail. Anyway, if I 
 change the jail's address to 192.168.10.11 then
 
 /etc/rc.d/jail start vm1
 Starting jails: vm1.localdomain.
 

The address 192.168.0.11 must be assigned to a interface in the host FreeBSD.
You can do it before starting the jail, or when the jail is being started.

To assign the address before starting the jail do somthing like this:
# ifconfig lnc0 alias 192.168.0.11/24
where lnc0 is the name of nic in the host FreeBSD
And you can add to /etc/rc.conf:
ifconfig_lnc0_alias0=inet 192.168.0.11/24
to assign the address then the host FreeBSD is booting.

To assing the address when the jail is being started just add to /etc/rc.conf 
this:
jail_vm1_interface=lnc0 
This way is preferred.

 Now the next question: how can I access the hosted (jailed) OS? I know 
 it is a dumb question, but I have no idea. I would like to:
 
 a.) run sshd in the jail
 b.) login from the host to the jailed (hosted) OS
 c.) install programs on the jail, configure them and finally
 d.) use NATD to divert some pacakges from the host to the jail and back

b.) 
1. get the jails list: 
# jls
  JID  IP Address  Hostname  Path
 9  192.168.64.14   mx1.loc   /store/jail/mx1
 8  192.168.64.25   nslst.loc /store/jail/nslst
2. select required jail by JID, for example 9 for mx1.loc and do:
# jexec 9 tcsh
3. you're in

a.) Login inside the jail. Now add to /etc/rc.conf sshd_enable=YES and 
execute:
# /etc/rc.d/sshd start

c.) When you're inside the jail you can install software like in the host 
system. 
You can use the pkg_add or the ports system.

d.) It requires to use firewall either ipfw or pf. 
For example you can add to your /etc/pf.conf: 
nat on lnc0 from 192.168.0.11 to any - 192.168.37.133 

But the firewall requires more lines then this one to work correcly with all 
network traffic.
And you have to know exactly what you want to get for using it. 

 
 Probably this is what everybody does, so if you could point me to a 
 tutorial or something, I would appriciate it.
 
 Thanks,
 
   Laszlo
 
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RE: Beginner Questions

2006-06-09 Thread Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI
It's working like a champ now.  Thanks everybody for the help.

Rich Mayo
SRI International
x76435

 

 -Original Message-
 From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
 [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of 
 Jonathan Chen
 Sent: Thursday, June 08, 2006 3:47 PM
 To: Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI
 Cc: 'freebsd-questions@freebsd.org'
 Subject: Re: Beginner Questions
 
 On Thu, Jun 08, 2006 at 08:14:06AM -0400, Mayo, Richard A 
 RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI wrote:
  I'm setting up a FreeBSD box for the first time, so 
 naturally I have a bunch of questions.  I'm sure these are 
 addressed on the web somewhere, but I'm not having any luck 
 finding anything so here goes:
  
  What file controls the way Xwindows sets up after I log on? 
  I got the graphical login screen, but now I want to start 
 Xwindows with kde rather than twm.
 
 With `startx', it is ~/.xinitrc
 WIth `kdm', it is ~/.xsession
 -- 
 Jonathan Chen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 --
  Power corrupts, Absolute Power is pretty neat
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Beginner Questions

2006-06-08 Thread Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI
I'm setting up a FreeBSD box for the first time, so naturally I have a bunch of 
questions.  I'm sure these are addressed on the web somewhere, but I'm not 
having any luck finding anything so here goes:

What file controls the way Xwindows sets up after I log on?  I got the 
graphical login screen, but now I want to start Xwindows with kde rather than 
twm.



Thanks,

Rich Mayo

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Re: Beginner Questions

2006-06-08 Thread Erik Norgaard

Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI wrote:

I'm setting up a FreeBSD box for the first time, so naturally I have a bunch of 
questions.  I'm sure these are addressed on the web somewhere, but I'm not 
having any luck finding anything so here goes:

What file controls the way Xwindows sets up after I log on?  I got the 
graphical login screen, but now I want to start Xwindows with kde rather than 
twm.


Just about anything that has to do with user login can be set both 
globally and for the individual user.


You didn't by any chance take a look at the FreeBSD handbook? There is a 
whole section on it, 5.6:


/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xdm/Xsession  Default session script for logins.

This is the default session script for XDM to run after a user has 
logged in. Normally each user will have a customized session script in 
~/.xsession that overrides this script.


If you take a look in the above file you will see that it starts twm, 
this is default behaviour. You can edit the file to start some other 
window manager as default or you can override by setting you choice in 
your own ~/.xsession


Erik
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Re: Beginner Questions

2006-06-08 Thread Bob Middaugh

 -- Original message --
From: Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 I'm setting up a FreeBSD box for the first time, so naturally I have a bunch 
 of 
 questions.  I'm sure these are addressed on the web somewhere, but I'm not 
 having any luck finding anything so here goes:
 
 What file controls the way Xwindows sets up after I log on?  I got the 
 graphical 
 login screen, but now I want to start Xwindows with kde rather than twm.
 
 
 
 Thanks,
 
 Rich Mayo
 

edit /etc/ttys to point to the kde display mgr, should look something like 
this, mine's for gnome though.

ttyv8   /usr/X11R6/sbin/gdm -nodaemon xterm   on secure

check out the handbook on this:
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11-wm.html

regards,
Bob
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Re: Beginner Questions

2006-06-08 Thread Gerard Seibert
On Thursday 08 June 2006 08:14, Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI wrote:

 I'm setting up a FreeBSD box for the first time, so naturally I have a
 bunch of questions.  I'm sure these are addressed on the web somewhere, but
 I'm not having any luck finding anything so here goes:

 What file controls the way Xwindows sets up after I log on?  I got the
 graphical login screen, but now I want to start Xwindows with kde rather
 than twm.


You might want to check out:

http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_us.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11.html

It should get you started.

-- 
Gerard Seibert
[EMAIL PROTECTED]


Ignorance is bliss.
-- Thomas Gray

Fortune updates the great quotes, #42:
BLISS is ignorance.


pgpkxCM5ZvNqy.pgp
Description: PGP signature


Re: Beginner Questions

2006-06-08 Thread Andreas Rudisch
On Thu, 08 Jun 2006 14:14:06 +0200, Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI  
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:


What file controls the way Xwindows sets up after I log on?  I got the  
graphical login screen, but now I want to start Xwindows with kde rather  
than twm.


http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11.html

Many beginner problems can be solved with the handbook :)
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/

Welcome to FreeBSD.
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Re: Beginner Questions

2006-06-08 Thread Derek Ragona

Look at the file
.xinitrc
in your home directory, this is where the window manager is usually run from.

-Derek


At 07:14 AM 6/8/2006, Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI wrote:
I'm setting up a FreeBSD box for the first time, so naturally I have a 
bunch of questions.  I'm sure these are addressed on the web somewhere, 
but I'm not having any luck finding anything so here goes:


What file controls the way Xwindows sets up after I log on?  I got the 
graphical login screen, but now I want to start Xwindows with kde rather 
than twm.




Thanks,

Rich Mayo

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Re: Beginner Questions

2006-06-08 Thread Andy Reitz
On Thu, 8 Jun 2006, Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI wrote:

 I'm setting up a FreeBSD box for the first time, so naturally I have a
 bunch of questions.  I'm sure these are addressed on the web somewhere,
 but I'm not having any luck finding anything so here goes:

 What file controls the way Xwindows sets up after I log on?  I got the
 graphical login screen, but now I want to start Xwindows with kde rather
 than twm.

Hi Rich,

Welcome to FreeBSD! The FreeBSD handbook:

  http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/

Is a fantastic source of information on how to use FreeBSD. In particular,
there is a section which covers xdm (the graphical login screen):

  http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x-xdm.html

And another section on Desktop Environments (basically Gnome and KDE):

  http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11-wm.html

In the KDE section, there are instructions for installing KDE, and for
enabling it so that KDE starts when you login.

Hope this helps,
-Andy Reitz.

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Re: Beginner Questions

2006-06-08 Thread Kevin Kinsey

Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI wrote:
I'm setting up a FreeBSD box for the first time, so naturally 
I have a bunch of questions.  I'm sure these are addressed 
on the web somewhere, but I'm not having any luck finding

anything so here goes:

What file controls the way Xwindows sets up after I log on?
I got the graphical login screen, but now I want to start
Xwindows with kde rather than twm.



Welcome to FreeBSD!

For some reason, the mail servers I use (or perhaps the
FreeBSD server itself) are lagging a few hours behind,
so I hope you've not been flooded with responses.

The general answer is it depends.  As near as I can
tell in your case, it would be ~/.xsession; in my case,
it is ~/.xinitrc (/home/myusername/.xinitrc).

That is assuming that by graphical login screen, you
meant that you were looking at xdm, the X Display
Manager?

I boot to a console prompt and then run startx, so
xinit is actually setting up my session; I would have
exec startkde in ~/.xinitrc if I wanted to run KDE.
I assume (IANAE) that .xsession is similar.  Take a
look at Xorg(1) and especially xdm(1) for more information.

If you have KDE installed, it comes with kdm; the thing
to do might be modify /etc/ttys to run kdm instead of getty
on one of your virtual terminals; lots of folks do this,
from what I understand.

I formerly had this box running GNOME; here's the relevant
bits of /etc/ttys:

ttyv0  /usr/X11R6/bin/gdmcons25  on  secure
#ttyv0 /usr/libexec/getty Pc cons25  on  secure

So, this would run the Gnome Display Manager (gdm) on the
first virtual terminal on boot-up, and by default, gdm
called GNOME.  I assume that kdm does the same for KDE.

HTH, (and that I'm not late)

Kevin Kinsey
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Re: Beginner Questions

2006-06-08 Thread Jonathan Horne
On Thursday 08 June 2006 13:35, Derek Ragona wrote:
 Look at the file
 .xinitrc
 in your home directory, this is where the window manager is usually run
 from.

  -Derek

 At 07:14 AM 6/8/2006, Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI wrote:
 I'm setting up a FreeBSD box for the first time, so naturally I have a
 bunch of questions.  I'm sure these are addressed on the web somewhere,
 but I'm not having any luck finding anything so here goes:
 
 What file controls the way Xwindows sets up after I log on?  I got the
 graphical login screen, but now I want to start Xwindows with kde rather
 than twm.
 
 
 
 Thanks,
 
 Rich Mayo
 

for all of my installs, i always have to create the .xinitrc file, as its 
never there by default (for me, anyway).  to start kde, i populate 
my .xinitrc file with the line:

exec startkde

and thats it.  KDE will start.
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Re: Beginner Questions

2006-06-08 Thread Jonathan Chen
On Thu, Jun 08, 2006 at 08:14:06AM -0400, Mayo, Richard A RDECOM CERDEC STCD 
SRI wrote:
 I'm setting up a FreeBSD box for the first time, so naturally I have a bunch 
 of questions.  I'm sure these are addressed on the web somewhere, but I'm not 
 having any luck finding anything so here goes:
 
 What file controls the way Xwindows sets up after I log on?  I got the 
 graphical login screen, but now I want to start Xwindows with kde rather than 
 twm.

With `startx', it is ~/.xinitrc
WIth `kdm', it is ~/.xsession
-- 
Jonathan Chen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
--
 Power corrupts, Absolute Power is pretty neat
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