[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Mark-- For some reason I have not received Axil's comments, however, the definition of coherence needs to be clarified. I have always thought that coherence means that a quantum system exists of various matter with one quantum state and a single wave function. In a BEC there is only only wave function that exists at a time. That batch of matter--the BEC--acts like a single particle of matter. Its coupling is with other wave functions (associated with other matter or EM fields) that overlap and may or may not change its wave function. EM fields can be dynamic and moving field like in a photon or static fields like that associated with a group of static charges or coordinated moving charges. The idea of a strong pumping mechanism IMO means that the effective coupling happens when quantum state transitions (new wave functions) of the BEC change rapidly. Do these ideas differ from your concept. Bob - Original Message - From: MarkI-ZeroPoint To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 8:55 PM Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Axil, A few of your statements may not be entirely true, depending on the prevailing conditions… “Coherence in these half matter half light systems is a function on the strength of the pumping mechanism. Coherence can occur at any temperature as long as the incoming pumping energy is strong enough. When we have a BEC fed with incoming pumped nuclear energy, very high temperatures can be reached.” The coherence that I’m referring to, of any significant scale, is highly unlikely in condensed matter above a few K. Inside a void in a crystal lattice, is entirely a different thing. If you’re referring to a BEC inside a void or microcavity, then I’m ok with the above statements… Assume you already have a BEC consisting of 100 Cs atoms… all of their wave functions are coherent. Now introduce a single photon of heat. That photon will be absorbed by *only a single atom*, thus, changing its wave function and vibrational amplitude. It’s wave function is now somewhat discordant with the remaining 99 atoms. From here, there are a couple of possibilities: 1) the single atom sheds a photon which is then absorbed by one of the other 99 atoms. This process can go on for however long until the photon gets shed and exits the BEC entirely. 2) if the heat energy is enough, the wave function is so discordant that the atom gets ejected from the BEC before it can shed the photon. 3) ? The more coherence between a set of waves, the stronger the coupling between them; the more discordant, the weaker the coupling. -mark iverson From: Axil Axil [mailto:janap...@gmail.com] Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 8:30 PM To: vortex-l Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Casimir forces in a Plasma: Possible Connections to Yukawa Potentials http://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.1032v1.pdf Because of the vacuum energy, a plasma of virtual electron positron pairs exists in the space between two subatomic particles. Mesons form as excitons in this plasma. This is where pions come from in the nucleus that bind protons and neutrons together in a mutual pion mediated transmutation dance. I suspect the same plasma formation happens in larger cavities and is a direct result of the uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics, Coherence in these half matter half light systems is a function on the strength of the pumping mechanism. Coherence can occur at any temperature as long as the incoming pumping energy is strong enough. When we have a BEC feed with incoming pumped nuclear energy, very high temperatures can be reached. On Mon, Dec 29, 2014 at 10:53 PM, MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net wrote: FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain to Dr. Storms, and although I think he realizes my point had merit, he glossed right over it and went off on a different tangent. This was in a vortex discussion about 9 to 12 months ago. The point is this: The ‘temperature’ inside a ‘void’ in a crystal lattice
[Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Dave: If my hypothesis is correct as to what the conditions are like in a void/microcavity, then looking at atoms in the void as ‘billiard balls’ colliding and rebounding as you describe, is I believe inaccurate; at least once the atoms shed their heat energy, their wave functions will overlap and become a BEC. I.e., the less heat energy, the less the atom behaves as a billiard ball and more like an oscillating fluid… Also, there will likely be some element of an E-field/B-field inside the void, and that will physically orient the motion of any atoms inside… Wish I could be a fly on the void wall! -mark From: David Roberson [mailto:dlrober...@aol.com] Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 9:10 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Mon, Dec 29, 2014 10:54 pm Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain to Dr. Storms, and although I think he realizes my point had merit, he glossed right over it and went off on a different tangent. This was in a vortex discussion about 9 to 12 months ago. The point is this: The ‘temperature’ inside a ‘void’ in a crystal lattice is most likely that of the vacuum of space; i.e, absolute zero, or very close to it. Because, temperature is nothing more than excess energy imparted to atoms from neighboring atoms; atoms have temperature; space/vacuum does not. Without atoms (physical matter), you have no temperature. In a lattice void, if it is large enough (whatever that dimension is), there is NO ‘temperature’ inside since the void contains no atoms. If an atom diffuses into that void, it enters with whatever energy it had when it entered, so it has a temperature. At this time, I have not heard any discussion as to whether the atoms which make up the walls of the void shed IR photons which could get absorbed by an atom in the void and increase its temperature, however, would that atom want to immediately shed
[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Suppose you imagine the atoms as stationary and imagine the cavities as in motion instead. When two cavities collide do they generate heat or destroy heat? Harry On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 10:52 AM, MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net wrote: Dave: If my hypothesis is correct as to what the conditions are like in a void/microcavity, then looking at atoms in the void as ‘billiard balls’ colliding and rebounding as you describe, is I believe inaccurate; at least once the atoms shed their heat energy, their wave functions will overlap and become a BEC. I.e., the less heat energy, the less the atom behaves as a billiard ball and more like an oscillating fluid… Also, there will likely be some element of an E-field/B-field inside the void, and that will physically orient the motion of any atoms inside… Wish I could be a fly on the void wall! -mark *From:* David Roberson [mailto:dlrober...@aol.com] *Sent:* Monday, December 29, 2014 9:10 PM *To:* vortex-l@eskimo.com *Subject:* Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Mon, Dec 29, 2014 10:54 pm Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain to Dr. Storms, and although I think he realizes my point had merit, he glossed right over it and went off on a different tangent. This was in a vortex discussion about 9 to 12 months ago. The point is this: The ‘temperature’ inside a ‘void’ in a crystal lattice is most likely that of the vacuum of space; i.e, absolute zero, or very close to it. Because, temperature is nothing more than excess energy imparted to atoms from neighboring atoms; atoms have temperature; space/vacuum does not. Without atoms (physical matter), you have no temperature. In a lattice void, if it is large enough (whatever that dimension is), there is NO ‘temperature’ inside since the void contains no atoms. If an atom diffuses into that void, it enters with whatever energy it had when it entered, so it has
Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
You ask an interesting question about temperature due to being in an excited state for an individual atom. I suppose it might be defined in that manner as including both motion and excess stored energy, but most of the time when I consider temperature it is a result of the relative motion of the atoms according to our frame of reference. If the atoms are in the form of hydrogen that has been ionized then the individual protons would come to rest relative to each other periodically. Of course protons are tiny objects relative to the cavities that Mark is considering and plenty of them could be contained within one. They would likely repel each other due to having the same positive charge which would allow the storage of energy among the group. This energy storage would be comparable to energy stored within a spring since it attempts to force the protons apart. The real questions are how close do the protons need to be to each other and for how long of a time frame before a reaction takes place. If you have 4 protons at rest and close together does that encourage a BEC type of reaction? I believe that this is what Mark is thinking, but I may have not understand him well. I still tend to believe that some form of magnetic coupling is the key to LENR, perhaps involving the spins of the particles. So far, I have not seen adequate evidence that BEC reactions have anything to do with LENR. I hope that the mechanism will be understood soon as a consequence of the recent increased replication activity. Dave -Original Message- From: John Berry berry.joh...@gmail.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Tue, Dec 30, 2014 2:04 am Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Can an atom have a temperature between its different parts? Is an atom that is excited and about to emit a photon not quite hot? On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 6:09 PM, David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com wrote: I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Mon, Dec 29, 2014 10:54 pm Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have
Re: [Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Mark, I see that I was not on the same page as you in this manner. Sorry if I confused your concept. I want to understand what you are referring to by asking a couple of questions. One, are you thinking of the protons(in the case of hydrogen) as being waves instead of particles? If so, would not protons be extremely tiny wave packets due to their large mass? In my estimation this would tend to localize them so that they look more like particles or the billiard balls that you mention. I also wonder about how they would shed the thermal energy when viewed as a packet. In what form does this energy leave the atom? Kinetic energy and momentum can easily be shed to adjacent atoms if particles are involved. How do you take into account that there is repulsion between a number of protons trapped inside a void? I would think that the forces pushing the protons apart would prevent them from having an opportunity to merge their waveforms due to the relatively large distances maintained. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Tue, Dec 30, 2014 10:52 am Subject: [Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Dave: If my hypothesis is correct as to what the conditions are like in a void/microcavity, then looking at atoms in the void as ‘billiard balls’ colliding and rebounding as you describe, is I believe inaccurate; at least once the atoms shed their heat energy, their wave functions will overlap and become a BEC. I.e., the less heat energy, the less the atom behaves as a billiard ball and more like an oscillating fluid… Also, there will likely be some element of an E-field/B-field inside the void, and that will physically orient the motion of any atoms inside… Wish I could be a fly on the void wall! -mark From: David Roberson [mailto:dlrober...@aol.com] Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 9:10 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Mon, Dec 29, 2014 10:54 pm Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit
Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Harry, if you use the billiard ball model, then the energy and momentum can be conserved. Two cavities begin with a certain amount of energy and momentum before the collision and retain the same amounts after the collision. How the energy and momentum are distributed in the end depends upon the initial system configuration and states. We know billiard ball interactions works well for macro objects, but quantum mechanics theory does a wonderful job of obscuring the behavior of microscopic systems. The trick is to figure out when and how to switch from one system to the other. Dave -Original Message- From: H Veeder hveeder...@gmail.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Tue, Dec 30, 2014 1:16 pm Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Suppose you imagine the atoms as stationary and imagine the cavities as in motion instead. When two cavities collide do they generate heat or destroy heat? Harry On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 10:52 AM, MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net wrote: Dave: If my hypothesis is correct as to what the conditions are like in a void/microcavity, then looking at atoms in the void as ‘billiard balls’ colliding and rebounding as you describe, is I believe inaccurate; at least once the atoms shed their heat energy, their wave functions will overlap and become a BEC. I.e., the less heat energy, the less the atom behaves as a billiard ball and more like an oscillating fluid… Also, there will likely be some element of an E-field/B-field inside the void, and that will physically orient the motion of any atoms inside… Wish I could be a fly on the void wall! -mark From: David Roberson [mailto:dlrober...@aol.com] Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 9:10 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Mon, Dec 29, 2014 10:54 pm Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain
[Vo]:RE: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Hi John: To answer your two questions: - Emphatically No - Huh? J I will go into greater detail about what temperature is when replying to Bob’s response… But to answer your second question, what is ‘hot’ ??? That’s an imprecise and relative word… Start out with any atom which is at 0K, in other words, at its lowest energy state. In my model, electrons and protons are an oscillation of some kind. At this lowest energy state, these oscillators will have *very precise* frequencies and phase relationships between them. Here’s another clue as to what this state is like: http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2012/06/08/theorem-unifies-superfluids-and-other-weird-materials/ “In Bose-Einstein condensates, for example, “you start with a thin gas of atoms, cool it to incredibly low temperature — nanokelvins — and once you get to this temperature, atoms tend to stick with each other in strange ways,” Murayama said. “They have this funny vibrational mode that gives you one Nambu-Goldstone boson, and this gas of atoms starts to become superfluid again so it ***CAN FLOW WITHOUT VISCOSITY FOREVER.***” And this is a MOST important statement to understand what we are dealing with: One characteristic of states with a low Nambu-Goldstone boson number is that very little energy is required to perturb the system. Fluids flow freely in superfluids, and **atoms vibrate forever in Bose-Einstein condensates with just a slight nudge.*** These are CLUES as to what we are really dealing with when it comes to atoms/electrons/protons when NOT complicated by heat… heat is NOT the norm in the universe. This is where we should have started when trying to come up with theories to describe atoms and the subatomic particles… however, living in a world bathed in heat from the sun, our theories had to deal with the disorder caused by a multitude of heat quanta jumping around from atom to atom like a hot potatoes game; each person is an atom, and the hot potatoes are the heat quanta… My goal with Dr. Storms, and with The Collective, is to get an accurate (or at least better) picture/understanding of what the ‘conditions’ are inside the NAE/voids/microcavities. I would wager that it is very different from what most are thinking… and if I’m right, then trying to apply modern mainstream theories to how atoms are behaving inside the NAE is not going to be successful. It’s a very different universe in there, with a very different set of ‘rules’… -mark iverson From: John Berry [mailto:berry.joh...@gmail.com] Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 11:04 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Can an atom have a temperature between its different parts? Is an atom that is excited and about to emit a photon not quite hot? On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 6:09 PM, David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com wrote: I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion
[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
My argument though would be that maybe rather than having zero temperature, maybe quantum effects occurs due to enhancing the power of the quantum vacuum. Consider that what we have here is in a sense a signal from the quantum and noise from temperature. If we lower the temperature, the noise is reduced to the point that the signal allows something extraordinary. But what if the signal is being increased? If the energy of the quantum vacuum is being enhanced sufficiently, then the signal might overpower the temperature noise even at very high temperatures. IMO this is far more likely since I know that such conditioning of the vacuum is possible. John On Wed, Dec 31, 2014 at 8:13 AM, David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com wrote: You ask an interesting question about temperature due to being in an excited state for an individual atom. I suppose it might be defined in that manner as including both motion and excess stored energy, but most of the time when I consider temperature it is a result of the relative motion of the atoms according to our frame of reference. If the atoms are in the form of hydrogen that has been ionized then the individual protons would come to rest relative to each other periodically. Of course protons are tiny objects relative to the cavities that Mark is considering and plenty of them could be contained within one. They would likely repel each other due to having the same positive charge which would allow the storage of energy among the group. This energy storage would be comparable to energy stored within a spring since it attempts to force the protons apart. The real questions are how close do the protons need to be to each other and for how long of a time frame before a reaction takes place. If you have 4 protons at rest and close together does that encourage a BEC type of reaction? I believe that this is what Mark is thinking, but I may have not understand him well. I still tend to believe that some form of magnetic coupling is the key to LENR, perhaps involving the spins of the particles. So far, I have not seen adequate evidence that BEC reactions have anything to do with LENR. I hope that the mechanism will be understood soon as a consequence of the recent increased replication activity. Dave -Original Message- From: John Berry berry.joh...@gmail.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Tue, Dec 30, 2014 2:04 am Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Can an atom have a temperature between its different parts? Is an atom that is excited and about to emit a photon not quite hot? On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 6:09 PM, David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com wrote: I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Mon, Dec
[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Enhancing the power of the quantum vacuum is done by enclosing it within cavity inside of matter. This restriction is squeezing distance to favor energy. On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 3:30 PM, John Berry berry.joh...@gmail.com wrote: My argument though would be that maybe rather than having zero temperature, maybe quantum effects occurs due to enhancing the power of the quantum vacuum. Consider that what we have here is in a sense a signal from the quantum and noise from temperature. If we lower the temperature, the noise is reduced to the point that the signal allows something extraordinary. But what if the signal is being increased? If the energy of the quantum vacuum is being enhanced sufficiently, then the signal might overpower the temperature noise even at very high temperatures. IMO this is far more likely since I know that such conditioning of the vacuum is possible. John On Wed, Dec 31, 2014 at 8:13 AM, David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com wrote: You ask an interesting question about temperature due to being in an excited state for an individual atom. I suppose it might be defined in that manner as including both motion and excess stored energy, but most of the time when I consider temperature it is a result of the relative motion of the atoms according to our frame of reference. If the atoms are in the form of hydrogen that has been ionized then the individual protons would come to rest relative to each other periodically. Of course protons are tiny objects relative to the cavities that Mark is considering and plenty of them could be contained within one. They would likely repel each other due to having the same positive charge which would allow the storage of energy among the group. This energy storage would be comparable to energy stored within a spring since it attempts to force the protons apart. The real questions are how close do the protons need to be to each other and for how long of a time frame before a reaction takes place. If you have 4 protons at rest and close together does that encourage a BEC type of reaction? I believe that this is what Mark is thinking, but I may have not understand him well. I still tend to believe that some form of magnetic coupling is the key to LENR, perhaps involving the spins of the particles. So far, I have not seen adequate evidence that BEC reactions have anything to do with LENR. I hope that the mechanism will be understood soon as a consequence of the recent increased replication activity. Dave -Original Message- From: John Berry berry.joh...@gmail.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Tue, Dec 30, 2014 2:04 am Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Can an atom have a temperature between its different parts? Is an atom that is excited and about to emit a photon not quite hot? On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 6:09 PM, David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com wrote: I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am
[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:RE: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
*Effects of Spin-Dependent Polariton-Polariton Interactions in Semiconductor Microcavities: Spin Rings, Bright Spatial Solitons and Soliton Patterns* http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3872/1/SICH_eThesis.pdf A polariton BEC is a different animal from a matter based BEC. It involves a process of energy flows and balances. These two types a BEC are not comparable as explained below. See chapter 1.2 The polaritons have a lifetime that is typically comparable to or shorter than thermalization times, giving them an inherently non-equilibrium nature. Nevertheless, they exhibit many of the features that would be expected of equilibrium Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs). The non-equilibrium nature of the system raises fundamental questions as to what it means for a system to be a BEC, and introduces new physics beyond that seen in other macroscopically coherent systems. One thing I learned from this reference is that the spin of a dark polariton is 2. That is a lot of spin. A dark poloriton is in superposition with holes rather than electrons. On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 3:09 PM, MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net wrote: Hi John: To answer your two questions: - Emphatically No - Huh? J I will go into greater detail about what temperature is when replying to Bob’s response… But to answer your second question, what is ‘hot’ ??? That’s an imprecise and relative word… Start out with any atom which is at 0K, in other words, at its lowest energy state. In my model, electrons and protons are an oscillation of some kind. At this lowest energy state, these oscillators will have **very precise** frequencies and phase relationships between them. Here’s another clue as to what this state is like: http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2012/06/08/theorem-unifies-superfluids-and-other-weird-materials/ “In Bose-Einstein condensates, for example, “you start with a thin gas of atoms, cool it to incredibly low temperature — nanokelvins — and once you get to this temperature, atoms tend to stick with each other in strange ways,” Murayama said. “They have this funny vibrational mode that gives you one Nambu-Goldstone boson, and this gas of atoms starts to become superfluid again so it ***CAN FLOW WITHOUT VISCOSITY FOREVER.***” And this is a MOST important statement to understand what we are dealing with: One characteristic of states with a low Nambu-Goldstone boson number is that very little energy is required to perturb the system. Fluids flow freely in superfluids, and **atoms vibrate forever in Bose-Einstein condensates with just a slight nudge.*** These are CLUES as to what we are really dealing with when it comes to atoms/electrons/protons when NOT complicated by heat… heat is NOT the norm in the universe. This is where we should have started when trying to come up with theories to describe atoms and the subatomic particles… however, living in a world bathed in heat from the sun, our theories had to deal with the disorder caused by a multitude of heat quanta jumping around from atom to atom like a hot potatoes game; each person is an atom, and the hot potatoes are the heat quanta… My goal with Dr. Storms, and with The Collective, is to get an accurate (or at least better) picture/understanding of what the ‘conditions’ are inside the NAE/voids/microcavities. I would wager that it is very different from what most are thinking… and if I’m right, then trying to apply modern mainstream theories to how atoms are behaving inside the NAE is not going to be successful. It’s a very different universe in there, with a very different set of ‘rules’… -mark iverson *From:* John Berry [mailto:berry.joh...@gmail.com] *Sent:* Monday, December 29, 2014 11:04 PM *To:* vortex-l@eskimo.com *Subject:* [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Can an atom have a temperature between its different parts? Is an atom that is excited and about to emit a photon not quite hot? On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 6:09 PM, David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com wrote: I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity
[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
In this email I mull over and ponder things, if this strikes you as too long, please just read the below *bolded* and *italicized* *sentence*. And to clarify, by enhancing the signal in the quantum vacuum, I mean enhancing the wave function of the particle. To use boats as an analogy, enhancing the signal might be achieved by either increasing the density of the medium (water) around the boat so the wave from that boat has more substance. Or increasing the degree to which the boat creates waves, either by increasing the degree of disturbance the boat creates, or the increasing the disturbance it radiates. But what is a wave function anyway??? Is a wave function not the degree of noise in the quantum field? And degree of disorder. If so, maybe it is that the temperature of space (zero point) must be made to exceed the temperature of matter? Or exceed it by a certain degree. Obviously the key is that the quantum phenomena gain in influence. But the question is what is going on in the quantum medium for this to occur, if we were to look at a quantum probability wave, are we looking to increase the order or the disorder? A collapsed wave has more than probability, it has certainty (dependant on opinion on the Copenhagen interpretation). So are we seeking a strong wave, but a strong wave must have a high degree of uncertainty, and a low probability of being in any specific location. *Huh, is it that heat causes collision, and collision collapses probability?* *Maybe that is a better way of looking at it?* That makes so much sense, is this something that is widely known and I have just discovered what I missed reading about? Or a fresh insight? It is worth noting that while often ignored due to the fact that it points to a different paradigm, it does seem that consciousness can effect quantum level events. Now consciousness must be occurring as some kind of wave in the quantum medium, which is then able to effect the wave function of a particle. There must be less woo-woo examples, but could the same enhancement/influence of the quantum background not be produced by a CAT and thereby increasing whatever a wave function is? John
[Vo]:RE: [Vo]: FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Hi Bob, RE: not receiving Axil’s response to mine… I’m beginning to wonder if this is happening more often than we realize… if you still haven’t rcvd his post, let me know and I’ll fwd it to you. RE: “Do these ideas differ from your concept” Not sure how to answer that… It’s hard to discuss this topic when we really don’t know *exactly* what an electron is… yes, we have (abstract) mathematical models which allow us to describe and predict things with good accuracy, but there are still aspects which are not well understood. The concept of electron ‘shells’ is merely a result of the *limitations* of the instruments/technology we used to ‘observe’ or measure electron behavior. My hypothetical models have physical properties; geometry; physical orientations. Read this article to get an idea of just what temperature is, and how quanta of energy are absorbed and shed by individual atoms/ions… http://www.nist.gov/pml/div688/quantum-022311.cfm First one ion is jiggling a little and the other is not moving at all; then the jiggling motion switches to the other ion. The smallest amount of energy you could possibly see is moving between the ions, explains first author Kenton Brown, a NIST post-doctoral researcher. We can also tune the coupling, which affects how fast they exchange energy and to what degree. We can turn the interaction on and off. Visualize what is happening in the above experiment until it becomes ingrained in how you view the atomistic universe… Heat is the degree of ‘shaking’ of individual atoms because they are ‘out-of-balance’ internally. Heat quanta cause the internal oscillators to be out of resonance with each other, thus their momentum vectors no longer balance, causing physical oscillation of the entire atom… sure, the atom wants to shed those quanta and return to resonance, but if it’s an atom in any larger assemblage, and not far from a source of heat/radiation, then any quanta it sheds is offset by absorption of some other atom’s shed heat quanta… so all the atoms in a given assemblage have, at any given instance in time, the same number of heat quanta, and that is what we measure as ‘heat’. At this point in the discussion, assume there are NO atoms in the void/NAE, what are the possibilities as to what’s going in inside? - a perfect vacuum, at 0K (or CMB?) - are there any E-fields or B-fields present??? - if the walls of the void are shedding heat (as IR photons) into the void, in large enough quantities, then one might be able to say that the void’s vacuum environment has some kind of energy level equivalent to the energy of the photons, but it is NOT in the form of atoms/matter; it is purely photonic in nature. - what else could it be like inside that void??? -mark From: Bob Cook [mailto:frobertc...@hotmail.com] Sent: Tuesday, December 30, 2014 7:37 AM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Mark-- For some reason I have not received Axil's comments, however, the definition of coherence needs to be clarified. I have always thought that coherence means that a quantum system exists of various matter with one quantum state and a single wave function. In a BEC there is only only wave function that exists at a time. That batch of matter--the BEC--acts like a single particle of matter. Its coupling is with other wave functions (associated with other matter or EM fields) that overlap and may or may not change its wave function. EM fields can be dynamic and moving field like in a photon or static fields like that associated with a group of static charges or coordinated moving charges. The idea of a strong pumping mechanism IMO means that the effective coupling happens when quantum state transitions (new wave functions) of the BEC change rapidly. Do these ideas differ from your concept. Bob - Original Message - From: MarkI-ZeroPoint mailto:zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 8:55 PM Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Axil, A few of your statements may not be entirely true, depending on the prevailing conditions… “Coherence in these half matter half light systems is a function on the strength of the pumping mechanism. Coherence can occur at any temperature as long as the incoming pumping energy is strong enough. When we have a BEC fed with incoming pumped nuclear energy, very high temperatures can be reached.” The coherence that I’m referring to, of any significant scale, is highly unlikely in condensed matter above a few K. Inside a void in a crystal lattice, is entirely a different thing. If you’re referring to a BEC inside a void or microcavity, then I’m ok with the above statements… Assume you already have a BEC consisting of 100 Cs
[Vo]:RE: [Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
state of those oscillators happens to be, the best one could hope for in trying to explain or predict their behavior REQUIRES resorting to probabilities – thus, why quantum mechanics is much more accurate than classical physics when it comes to explaining interactions at that level. -mark From: David Roberson [mailto:dlrober...@aol.com] Sent: Tuesday, December 30, 2014 11:40 AM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Mark, I see that I was not on the same page as you in this manner. Sorry if I confused your concept. I want to understand what you are referring to by asking a couple of questions. One, are you thinking of the protons(in the case of hydrogen) as being waves instead of particles? If so, would not protons be extremely tiny wave packets due to their large mass? In my estimation this would tend to localize them so that they look more like particles or the billiard balls that you mention. I also wonder about how they would shed the thermal energy when viewed as a packet. In what form does this energy leave the atom? Kinetic energy and momentum can easily be shed to adjacent atoms if particles are involved. How do you take into account that there is repulsion between a number of protons trapped inside a void? I would think that the forces pushing the protons apart would prevent them from having an opportunity to merge their waveforms due to the relatively large distances maintained. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Tue, Dec 30, 2014 10:52 am Subject: [Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Dave: If my hypothesis is correct as to what the conditions are like in a void/microcavity, then looking at atoms in the void as ‘billiard balls’ colliding and rebounding as you describe, is I believe inaccurate; at least once the atoms shed their heat energy, their wave functions will overlap and become a BEC. I.e., the less heat energy, the less the atom behaves as a billiard ball and more like an oscillating fluid… Also, there will likely be some element of an E-field/B-field inside the void, and that will physically orient the motion of any atoms inside… Wish I could be a fly on the void wall! -mark From: David Roberson [mailto:dlrober...@aol.com mailto:dlrober...@aol.com? ] Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 9:10 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Mon, Dec 29, 2014 10:54 pm Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI
[Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Interesting to speculate if voids in a crystal lattice migrate? And what would happen if two migrating cavities ‘collide’… Would it emit or absorb heat quanta??? At that scale, and considering the localized area of the colliding voids, I could envision a few possibilities. The voids are caused by stresses and impurities in the crystal structure. An internal dislocation (void) likely helps to relieve stress. Given that we’re dealing with QM, your guess is as good as mine as to what would happen… and we could both be right, at least some percentage of the time! J Perhaps the lattice rearranges to, in a sense, make the voids completely disappear, but then reappear at some other location depending on stresses within the lattice… Does it emit/absorb heat? Well, voids by themselves don’t couple/retain heat quanta, so there’s nothing to emit or capable of being absorbed. IR photons might be flying around inside a void creating an ever-changing pattern of constructive/destructive interferences… -mark From: H Veeder [mailto:hveeder...@gmail.com] Sent: Tuesday, December 30, 2014 10:17 AM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Suppose you imagine the atoms as stationary and imagine the cavities as in motion instead. When two cavities collide do they generate heat or destroy heat? Harry On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 10:52 AM, MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net wrote: Dave: If my hypothesis is correct as to what the conditions are like in a void/microcavity, then looking at atoms in the void as ‘billiard balls’ colliding and rebounding as you describe, is I believe inaccurate; at least once the atoms shed their heat energy, their wave functions will overlap and become a BEC. I.e., the less heat energy, the less the atom behaves as a billiard ball and more like an oscillating fluid… Also, there will likely be some element of an E-field/B-field inside the void, and that will physically orient the motion of any atoms inside… Wish I could be a fly on the void wall! -mark From: David Roberson [mailto:dlrober...@aol.com] Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 9:10 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Mon, Dec 29, 2014 10:54 pm Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC
[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Mark and Dave-- I would say the protons first come together as Cooper pairs. This anti-parallel alignment may be assisted with magnetic fields associated with the cavity. The paired protons never stop as has been suggested, since they never act like a billiard ball in a classical sense. They are merely deflected from each other because of their repulsion. The initial conditions establish the wave function that governs the entire batch of mass energy in the cavity, including any Li nuclei or electrons or photons that may be present. This is what I would call a coherent system. IMO the concept of temperature assumes a RANDOM collision and exchange of energy and momentum in a classical sense. In contrast coherent systems are described by DEFINITE wave functions that may change from time to time with changes in boundary conditions. Thus, an atom being part of a coherent system or a separate coherent system itself, does not have a property, properly termed temperature. Temperature only applies to a COLLECTION of coherent systems and is a continuous parameter, not a parameter made up of quanta. Coherent systems have potential energy in the form of binding energy and kinetic energy as well as linear momentum and spin energy, but no temperature. Bob - Original Message - From: David Roberson To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Tuesday, December 30, 2014 11:13 AM Subject: Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals You ask an interesting question about temperature due to being in an excited state for an individual atom. I suppose it might be defined in that manner as including both motion and excess stored energy, but most of the time when I consider temperature it is a result of the relative motion of the atoms according to our frame of reference. If the atoms are in the form of hydrogen that has been ionized then the individual protons would come to rest relative to each other periodically. Of course protons are tiny objects relative to the cavities that Mark is considering and plenty of them could be contained within one. They would likely repel each other due to having the same positive charge which would allow the storage of energy among the group. This energy storage would be comparable to energy stored within a spring since it attempts to force the protons apart. The real questions are how close do the protons need to be to each other and for how long of a time frame before a reaction takes place. If you have 4 protons at rest and close together does that encourage a BEC type of reaction? I believe that this is what Mark is thinking, but I may have not understand him well. I still tend to believe that some form of magnetic coupling is the key to LENR, perhaps involving the spins of the particles. So far, I have not seen adequate evidence that BEC reactions have anything to do with LENR. I hope that the mechanism will be understood soon as a consequence of the recent increased replication activity. Dave -Original Message- From: John Berry berry.joh...@gmail.com To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Tue, Dec 30, 2014 2:04 am Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Can an atom have a temperature between its different parts? Is an atom that is excited and about to emit a photon not quite hot? On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 6:09 PM, David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com wrote: I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do
[Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain to Dr. Storms, and although I think he realizes my point had merit, he glossed right over it and went off on a different tangent. This was in a vortex discussion about 9 to 12 months ago. The point is this: The ‘temperature’ inside a ‘void’ in a crystal lattice is most likely that of the vacuum of space; i.e, absolute zero, or very close to it. Because, temperature is nothing more than excess energy imparted to atoms from neighboring atoms; atoms have temperature; space/vacuum does not. Without atoms (physical matter), you have no temperature. In a lattice void, if it is large enough (whatever that dimension is), there is NO ‘temperature’ inside since the void contains no atoms. If an atom diffuses into that void, it enters with whatever energy it had when it entered, so it has a temperature. At this time, I have not heard any discussion as to whether the atoms which make up the walls of the void shed IR photons which could get absorbed by an atom in the void and increase its temperature, however, would that atom want to immediately shed that photon to get back to its lowest energy level??? So voids in crystals likely provide an ideal environment for the formation of BECs. -mark iverson ARTICLE BEING REFERENCED Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v9/n1/full/nphoton.2014.304.html Abstract “Two-dimensional atomic crystals of graphene, as well as transition-metal dichalcogenides, have emerged as a class of materials that demonstrate strong interaction with light. This interaction can be further controlled by embedding such materials into optical microcavities. When the interaction rate is engineered to be faster than dissipation from the light and matter entities, one reaches the ‘strong coupling’ regime. This results in the formation of half-light, half-matter bosonic quasiparticles called microcavity polaritons. Here, we report evidence of strong light–matter coupling and the formation of microcavity polaritons in a two-dimensional atomic crystal of molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) embedded inside a dielectric microcavity at room temperature. A Rabi splitting of 46 ± 3 meV is observed in angle-resolved reflectivity and photoluminescence spectra due to coupling between the two-dimensional excitons and the cavity photons. Realizing strong coupling at room temperature in two-dimensional materials that offer a disorder-free potential landscape provides an attractive route for the development of practical polaritonic devices.”
[Vo]:RE: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
I said, “equivalent of 273degC of energy” Meant to use Kelvin. Correction, make that ~295degsK; room temp is ~22degC, 0C=273K, plus 22 = 295K. -mi From: MarkI-ZeroPoint [mailto:zeropo...@charter.net] Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 7:54 PM To: vortex-l@eskimo.com Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain to Dr. Storms, and although I think he realizes my point had merit, he glossed right over it and went off on a different tangent. This was in a vortex discussion about 9 to 12 months ago. The point is this: The ‘temperature’ inside a ‘void’ in a crystal lattice is most likely that of the vacuum of space; i.e, absolute zero, or very close to it. Because, temperature is nothing more than excess energy imparted to atoms from neighboring atoms; atoms have temperature; space/vacuum does not. Without atoms (physical matter), you have no temperature. In a lattice void, if it is large enough (whatever that dimension is), there is NO ‘temperature’ inside since the void contains no atoms. If an atom diffuses into that void, it enters with whatever energy it had when it entered, so it has a temperature. At this time, I have not heard any discussion as to whether the atoms which make up the walls of the void shed IR photons which could get absorbed by an atom in the void and increase its temperature, however, would that atom want to immediately shed that photon to get back to its lowest energy level??? So voids in crystals likely provide an ideal environment for the formation of BECs. -mark iverson ARTICLE BEING REFERENCED Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v9/n1/full/nphoton.2014.304.html Abstract “Two-dimensional atomic crystals of graphene, as well as transition-metal dichalcogenides, have emerged as a class of materials that demonstrate strong interaction with light. This interaction can be further controlled by embedding such materials into optical microcavities. When the interaction rate is engineered to be faster than dissipation from the light and matter entities, one reaches the ‘strong coupling’ regime. This results in the formation of half-light, half-matter bosonic quasiparticles called microcavity polaritons. Here, we report evidence of strong light–matter coupling and the formation of microcavity polaritons in a two-dimensional atomic crystal of molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) embedded inside a dielectric microcavity at room temperature. A Rabi splitting of 46 ± 3 meV is observed in angle-resolved reflectivity and photoluminescence spectra due to coupling between the two-dimensional excitons and the cavity photons. Realizing strong coupling at room temperature in two-dimensional materials that offer a disorder-free potential landscape provides an attractive route for the development of practical polaritonic devices.”
[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Casimir forces in a Plasma: Possible Connections to Yukawa Potentials http://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.1032v1.pdf Because of the vacuum energy, a plasma of virtual electron positron pairs exists in the space between two subatomic particles. Mesons form as excitons in this plasma. This is where pions come from in the nucleus that bind protons and neutrons together in a mutual pion mediated transmutation dance. I suspect the same plasma formation happens in larger cavities and is a direct result of the uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics, Coherence in these half matter half light systems is a function on the strength of the pumping mechanism. Coherence can occur at any temperature as long as the incoming pumping energy is strong enough. When we have a BEC feed with incoming pumped nuclear energy, very high temperatures can be reached. On Mon, Dec 29, 2014 at 10:53 PM, MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net wrote: FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain to Dr. Storms, and although I think he realizes my point had merit, he glossed right over it and went off on a different tangent. This was in a vortex discussion about 9 to 12 months ago. The point is this: The ‘temperature’ inside a ‘void’ in a crystal lattice is most likely that of the vacuum of space; i.e, absolute zero, or very close to it. Because, temperature is nothing more than excess energy imparted to atoms from neighboring atoms; atoms have temperature; space/vacuum does not. Without atoms (physical matter), you have no temperature. In a lattice void, if it is large enough (whatever that dimension is), there is NO ‘temperature’ inside since the void contains no atoms. If an atom diffuses into that void, it enters with whatever energy it had when it entered, so it has a temperature. At this time, I have not heard any discussion as to whether the atoms which make up the walls of the void shed IR photons which could get absorbed by an atom in the void and increase its temperature, however, would that atom want to immediately shed that photon to get back to its lowest energy level??? So voids in crystals likely provide an ideal environment for the formation of BECs. -mark iverson ARTICLE BEING REFERENCED Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v9/n1/full/nphoton.2014.304.html Abstract “Two-dimensional atomic crystals of graphene, as well as transition-metal dichalcogenides, have emerged as a class of materials that demonstrate strong interaction with light. This interaction can be further controlled by embedding such materials into optical *microcavities*. When the interaction rate is engineered to be faster than dissipation from the light and matter entities, one reaches the ‘strong coupling’ regime. This results in the formation of half-light, half-matter bosonic quasiparticles called *microcavity polaritons*. Here, we report evidence of strong light–matter coupling and the formation of microcavity polaritons in a two-dimensional atomic crystal of molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) embedded inside a dielectric microcavity at *room temperature*. A Rabi splitting of 46 ± 3 meV is observed in angle-resolved reflectivity and photoluminescence spectra due to coupling between the two-dimensional excitons and the cavity photons. Realizing strong coupling at room temperature in two-dimensional materials that offer a disorder-free potential landscape provides an attractive route for the development of practical polaritonic devices.”
[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Axil, A few of your statements may not be entirely true, depending on the prevailing conditions… “Coherence in these half matter half light systems is a function on the strength of the pumping mechanism. Coherence can occur at any temperature as long as the incoming pumping energy is strong enough. When we have a BEC fed with incoming pumped nuclear energy, very high temperatures can be reached.” The coherence that I’m referring to, of any significant scale, is highly unlikely in condensed matter above a few K. Inside a void in a crystal lattice, is entirely a different thing. If you’re referring to a BEC inside a void or microcavity, then I’m ok with the above statements… Assume you already have a BEC consisting of 100 Cs atoms… all of their wave functions are coherent. Now introduce a single photon of heat. That photon will be absorbed by *only a single atom*, thus, changing its wave function and vibrational amplitude. It’s wave function is now somewhat discordant with the remaining 99 atoms. From here, there are a couple of possibilities: 1) the single atom sheds a photon which is then absorbed by one of the other 99 atoms. This process can go on for however long until the photon gets shed and exits the BEC entirely. 2) if the heat energy is enough, the wave function is so discordant that the atom gets ejected from the BEC before it can shed the photon. 3) ? The more coherence between a set of waves, the stronger the coupling between them; the more discordant, the weaker the coupling. -mark iverson From: Axil Axil [mailto:janap...@gmail.com] Sent: Monday, December 29, 2014 8:30 PM To: vortex-l Subject: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals Casimir forces in a Plasma: Possible Connections to Yukawa Potentials http://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.1032v1.pdf http://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.1032v1.pdf Because of the vacuum energy, a plasma of virtual electron positron pairs exists in the space between two subatomic particles. Mesons form as excitons in this plasma. This is where pions come from in the nucleus that bind protons and neutrons together in a mutual pion mediated transmutation dance. I suspect the same plasma formation happens in larger cavities and is a direct result of the uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics, Coherence in these half matter half light systems is a function on the strength of the pumping mechanism. Coherence can occur at any temperature as long as the incoming pumping energy is strong enough. When we have a BEC feed with incoming pumped nuclear energy, very high temperatures can be reached. On Mon, Dec 29, 2014 at 10:53 PM, MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net wrote: FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain to Dr. Storms, and although I think he realizes my point had merit, he glossed right over it and went off on a different tangent. This was in a vortex discussion about 9 to 12 months ago. The point is this: The ‘temperature’ inside a ‘void’ in a crystal lattice is most likely that of the vacuum of space; i.e, absolute zero, or very close to it. Because, temperature is nothing more than excess energy imparted to atoms from neighboring atoms; atoms have temperature; space/vacuum does not. Without atoms (physical matter), you have no temperature. In a lattice void, if it is large enough (whatever that dimension is), there is NO ‘temperature’ inside since the void contains no atoms. If an atom diffuses into that void, it enters with whatever energy it had when it entered, so it has a temperature. At this time, I have not heard any discussion as to whether the atoms which make up the walls of the void shed IR photons which could get absorbed by an atom in the void and increase its temperature, however, would that atom want to immediately shed that photon to get back to its lowest energy level??? So voids in crystals likely provide an ideal environment for the formation of BECs. -mark iverson ARTICLE BEING REFERENCED Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v9/n1/full/nphoton.2014.304.html Abstract “Two-dimensional atomic crystals of graphene, as well as transition
Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Mon, Dec 29, 2014 10:54 pm Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain to Dr. Storms, and although I think he realizes my point had merit, he glossed right over it and went off on a different tangent. This was in a vortex discussion about 9 to 12 months ago. The point is this: The ‘temperature’ inside a ‘void’ in a crystal lattice is most likely that of the vacuum of space; i.e, absolute zero, or very close to it. Because, temperature is nothing more than excess energy imparted to atoms from neighboring atoms; atoms have temperature; space/vacuum does not. Without atoms (physical matter), you have no temperature. In a lattice void, if it is large enough (whatever that dimension is), there is NO ‘temperature’ inside since the void contains no atoms. If an atom diffuses into that void, it enters with whatever energy it had when it entered, so it has a temperature. At this time, I have not heard any discussion as to whether the atoms which make up the walls of the void shed IR photons which could get absorbed by an atom in the void and increase its temperature, however, would that atom want to immediately shed that photon to get back to its lowest energy level??? So voids in crystals likely provide an ideal environment for the formation of BECs. -mark iverson ARTICLE BEING REFERENCED Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v9/n1/full/nphoton.2014.304.html Abstract “Two-dimensional atomic crystals of graphene, as well as transition-metal dichalcogenides, have emerged as a class of materials that demonstrate strong interaction with light. This interaction can be further controlled by embedding such materials into optical microcavities. When the interaction rate is engineered to be faster than dissipation from the light and matter entities, one reaches the ‘strong coupling’ regime. This results in the formation of half-light, half-matter bosonic quasiparticles called
[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
The more coherence between a set of waves, the stronger the coupling between them; the more discordant, the weaker the coupling. Ironically, as new external energy is fed into the BEC the coupling is continually renewed. That energy is nuclear binding energy and Fano resonance will continue to produce a single wave form in a cavity by removing discordant wave forms through destructive interference. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fano_resonance
[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
The light/matter hybrid is a wave packet(photon) and the way wave packets reach equal energy is unlike the complexity of atoms. The soliton formation process involves both constructive and destructive interference of waves. In a dark mode soliton formation, energy is not lost to the far field in this wave equalization process. These discordant waves just interact until all their differences are removed. This is a thermodynamic process of entanglement. Any enclosed system that does not loose energy to the far field will eventually become entangled at a common quantum level. This is basis in thermodynamics. On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 12:09 AM, David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com wrote: I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Mon, Dec 29, 2014 10:54 pm Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain to Dr. Storms, and although I think he realizes my point had merit, he glossed right over it and went off on a different tangent. This was in a vortex discussion about 9 to 12 months ago. The point is this: The ‘temperature’ inside a ‘void’ in a crystal lattice is most likely that of the vacuum of space; i.e, absolute zero, or very close to it. Because, temperature is nothing more than excess energy imparted to atoms from neighboring atoms; atoms have temperature; space/vacuum does not. Without atoms (physical matter), you have no temperature. In a lattice void, if it is large enough (whatever that dimension is), there is NO ‘temperature’ inside since the void contains no atoms. If an atom diffuses into that void, it enters with whatever energy it had when it entered, so it has a temperature. At this time, I have not heard any discussion as to whether the atoms which make up the walls of the void shed IR photons which could get absorbed by an atom in the void and increase its temperature, however, would that atom want to immediately shed that photon to get back to its lowest energy level??? So voids in crystals likely provide an ideal environment for the formation of BECs. -mark iverson
[Vo]:Re: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals
Can an atom have a temperature between its different parts? Is an atom that is excited and about to emit a photon not quite hot? On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 6:09 PM, David Roberson dlrober...@aol.com wrote: I have considered what you are saying as being normal Mark. Relative motion of an atom to itself is zero, so it is at zero kelvin as far as it knows. When a second atom is added to the void, it becomes more complicated but the relative motion of the two must become zero many times per second as they collide and rebound within your assumed cavity. During these brief intervals we have two atoms that are at zero Kelvin from their reference frame. As you add more and more atoms to the mix the amount of time during which zero relative motion exists between them becomes smaller and less likely, but does occur. As long as you keep the number of atoms relatively small that are required to react in the process of your choice, it will have an opportunity to happen many times per second inside each cavity. Multiply that number by the number of possible active cavities within a large object and you get an enormous number of active sites that have the potential to react. If only 4 atoms are required at zero Kelvin in order to react as you may be considering, it seems obvious that this will occur so often that a large amount of heat will be released by a system of that type. When you realize that it seems to be very difficult to achieve an LENR device that generates lots of heat I suspect that the number of reacting atoms confined within the cavity is quite a bit greater than 4. How many do you believe are required in order to combine and in what form is the ash? On the other hand, if a reaction is virtually guaranteed once a modest number of atoms becomes confined inside the void, then the limiting factor might be that it becomes impossible to confine the required number under most conditions. If this situation is the limiting factor, then a higher temperature could well allow more atoms of the reactants to enter into a void of the necessary type as more space become available when the cavity walls open with additional motion. I am not convinced that this type of reaction is the cause of LENR, but at least it should be given proper consideration. Dave -Original Message- From: MarkI-ZeroPoint zeropo...@charter.net To: vortex-l vortex-l@eskimo.com Sent: Mon, Dec 29, 2014 10:54 pm Subject: [Vo]:FYI: Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals FYI: Article being referenced is at the bottom, however, I wanted to toss something out to The Collective first… One of the things that caught my eye in the article is the ‘room temperature’ condition… As we all know, atoms at room temp are vibrating like crazy since they contain the equivalent of 273degC of energy above their lowest state. Thus, ‘coherent’ states in condensed matter above absolute zero is almost never seen. The article’s experiment was done in material at room temp, so the observed behavior is a bit of a surprise. Perhaps what they have not yet thought about is that the ‘microcavities’ have no temperature, as I will explain below. This ties in with a point I tried to explain to Dr. Storms, and although I think he realizes my point had merit, he glossed right over it and went off on a different tangent. This was in a vortex discussion about 9 to 12 months ago. The point is this: The ‘temperature’ inside a ‘void’ in a crystal lattice is most likely that of the vacuum of space; i.e, absolute zero, or very close to it. Because, temperature is nothing more than excess energy imparted to atoms from neighboring atoms; atoms have temperature; space/vacuum does not. Without atoms (physical matter), you have no temperature. In a lattice void, if it is large enough (whatever that dimension is), there is NO ‘temperature’ inside since the void contains no atoms. If an atom diffuses into that void, it enters with whatever energy it had when it entered, so it has a temperature. At this time, I have not heard any discussion as to whether the atoms which make up the walls of the void shed IR photons which could get absorbed by an atom in the void and increase its temperature, however, would that atom want to immediately shed that photon to get back to its lowest energy level??? So voids in crystals likely provide an ideal environment for the formation of BECs. -mark iverson ARTICLE BEING REFERENCED Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v9/n1/full/nphoton.2014.304.html Abstract “Two-dimensional atomic crystals of graphene, as well as transition-metal dichalcogenides, have emerged as a class of materials that demonstrate strong interaction with light. This interaction can be further controlled by embedding such materials into optical *microcavities*. When the interaction rate
