And If you give me a recipe for crepes, I will assure you of a mushy pancake while my wife and sons all do pretty good job of it..same recipe...
Not to be faceious Timothy but with this kind of process it is ALL about how the resources are pre tested processed, blended and pressed. It is also very much to do with how they are combusted, as Otto says. I just got back to Oregon US, from a 53 person a briquette producers conference in east Africa. The attendees for the most part are folks who make their living selling the product in their respective local markets-- in direct competition with charcoal and wood. Several had issues with smoke but several others did not. Lots had really good stoves some were floundering..and these ere with simlar blends in many cases. The same blends of one supplier would perform wonderfully in a select stove and smoke in another. If you want to see hat happens when you attempt a study of C, CO and particulates look at these: • Joel Chaney did a study of combusiton as part of his doctoral studies in engineering at Nottingham University UK. google same name / briquetting and/or search through the university itself... • Rok Oblak has a different blend tested at Approvecho (google rok stoves) or check the archives in this group. • Prof Owen McDougal (Chemistry) did bom calorimetry studies of the standard agro residue and waste paper blends and publised that in the Journal of Chemical Innovations of the American Chemical Society, Feb 2000 issue. The journal is now out of print but maybe the ACS can get you a reprint of the artical. The point is however, that all of these assessments give different results. All I can say is that its a whole lot more complicated when you try to average results and conclude anything of subtance without a very detailed look at the very local circumstances of each activity. We can dive into an exhaustive analysis but really, it will have little to do with the local producer 's specific methods and adaptation to their respective local markets. What we have come to understand lots about, however, are the principles behind good briquettemaking. We have this pretty much detailed in or Users Producers Manual on our website. more recently with asistanc form Robert Williams of the Gorilla Consevation project in the DRC, we addressed in som detial the issue of smoke in briquettes and how to minimise it. If you like though, please just send me the detailed step by step procedure you used..with as many photos of each step, as you can...We'll try to go from there. Kind regards, Richard Stanley www.legacyfound.org On Dec 4, 2010, at 4:13 AM, Timothy Roy Longwell wrote: > Greetings, > > Has anyone else done emissions evaluations of briquettes? We have found that > briquettes made of a) sawdust, b) grass and c) pine needles (with newspaper > as the binding agent) have higher carbon monoxide and dioxide and PM when > compared with pine fire wood. > > Regards, > > Ing. Timothy Roy Longwell > Profesor Asociado de la Carrera de Desarrollo Socioeconómico y Ambiente, > Jefe de la Empresa Universitaria Forestales > E. A. P. El Zamorano > Honduras, América Central > > From: [email protected] > [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of Anand Karve > Sent: Saturday, December 04, 2010 5:09 AM > To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves > Subject: Re: [Stoves] Forest residues use, as applied to the wet process /low > pressure, hand briquettemaking, briquetter.... > > Dear Richard, > agricultural residues are difficult to collect from the field if the crop is > harvested using a combine harvester. But in most farms in India, the > harvesting is done manually and the threshing is done on a threshing floor. > In such a case, a huge quantity of residue accumulates near the threshing > floor. The officials of the Department of Agriculture recommend that the > residues be either composted or spread back on the field to rot there. But > the farmers burn the residues instead. Since the residues are present at one > place in relatively large quantities, one can think of briquetting them > either as such or after charring them. > Yours > A.D.Karve > On Fri, Dec 3, 2010 at 10:21 PM, Richard Stanley <[email protected]> > wrote: > The resource picture as applied to wet process briquetting, would tend to see > the actual forest resource data a bot more selectively, because they will > just be picking off the leaf and twig faction... > > Even at that, few producers, working in their local capacity as self > contained and sustained, unsubsidized entrepreneurships, will go around > raking up leaves off a forest floor because it's simply too much work ! They > and we here in Obamaland-- for our own household, will generally just look > for this stuff where its windblown in depressions or other natural areas of > wind deposition (corners of buildings, curbs, trenches, gullies etc)...These > places are, nicely enough, usually locations where the leaf extraction is > both aesthetically friendly and environmentally neutral, because their > removal cleans up the environment and has little to zero impact on soil > tilth.. > > Even at that however, ag residues are only part of the resource. > Why ? Simple economy of effort. Most of us will prefer to seek out readily > available commercial processing wastes ( sawdust/ rice husks / charcoal > crumbs/ waste paper and selected cartonboard residues) as these do not > require fermentation and / or entensive retting. > > The ag residue blending part requires greater skills in handling too: Its for > Briquetting 202 > > Pressing on, > > Richard Stanley > back home in Obamaland > > > On Dec 3, 2010, at 3:38 AM, Crispin Pemberton-Pigott wrote: > > > Dear Ron and Richard > > I have seen it writ here and there that 50% of the biomass of a commercially > managed forest remains on the forest floor after harvesting (branches, leaves > and stumps). It is often raked into rows and burned to prevent fires later. > > Regards > Crispin > > > _______________________________________________ > Stoves mailing list > > to Send a Message to the list, use the email address > Stoves mailing list > > to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page > http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org > > for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site: > http://www.bioenergylists.org/ > [email protected] > http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org > > > _______________________________________________ > Stoves mailing list > > to Send a Message to the list, use the email address > Stoves mailing list > > to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page > http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org > > for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site: > http://www.bioenergylists.org/ > [email protected] > http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org > > > > > -- > *** > Dr. A.D. Karve > President, Appropriate Rural Technology Institute (ARTI) > > *Please change my email address in your records to: [email protected] * > > > > _______________________________________________ > Stoves mailing list > > to Send a Message to the list, use the email address > Stoves mailing list > > to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page > http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org > > for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site: > http://www.bioenergylists.org/ > [email protected] > http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org
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