Together with the introduction of the new tag, would it also be possible to have a new access category tag that contains all singe-tracked motorized vehicles?

The hierarchy in access is important, very important for routing. (their scripts). Changing, hierarchy have a major impact!!
The hierarchy in a diagram.
https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/images/thumb/c/c5/Access_hierarchy_simple2.png/794px-Access_hierarchy_simple2.png From German access page.

Now, where does it fit in.
Speedpedelec

Laws in countries are different.
Does the speedpedelec gets its own icon by law, a own prohibition sign, or is it just text at a undersign.

A undersign often tells by text or icon, that the above sign, leading sign, the rule for a group "does or does not" not apply to those mentioned on the bottom plate (undersign). The conclusion is that the mentioned is part of the category mentionedon the leading sign (prohibition sign)

Netherlands https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/bijzondere-voertuigen/vraag-en-antwoord/welke-regels-gelden-voor-speed-pedelec A yellow plate is a moped plate, so in the hierarchy the speedpedelec is a moped and then The Netherlands it is under de "bromfiets" moped icon in access.
oneway:moped=no in the Netherlands, also applies to the speedpedelec,

If you want a single_tracked_motor_vehicle, the logic says then there is also a double_tracked_motor_vehicle, long name dt_motor_verhicle.
double_tracked_motor_vehicle os probably not right.
Laws often speak about "more then two wheels" or "more then one tracked vehicles, a treewheeler https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-wheeler, then a tag like multi_tracked_motor_vehicle or mt_motor_vehicle would be appropriate. multi_tracked_motor_vehicle, solve the problem of abusive use of motorcar, which is a personal car. Not a total group of vehicles on two wheels. Major hierarchy impact for routing systems. Back to single_tracked_motor_vehicle, st_motor_vehicle, this also means a motorcycle, this key is good for inclusive motorcycle.
motor_vehicle, include always, moped, mofa, motorcycle, and much more, also
We also have disabled vehicles, like a wheelchair, but also motorized disabled vehicle, which are not a "bromfiets" moped. " RFC - Small electric vehicles" also included? Then you get disabled_vehicle and also disabled_motor_vehicle. Al must fit in the hierarchy of access.
https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/bijzondere-voertuigen/vraag-en-antwoord/wat-zijn-de-verkeersregels-voor-een-gehandicaptenvoertuig-met-een-motor
These categories are mentioned on prohibitions traffic_signs C13 C15 https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/NL:Overzicht_Nederlandse_Verkeersborden#C:_Geslotenverklaring

Find out in which countries a speedpedelec is a moped, where not, how this must be placed in the access diagram.

C12 tagging: motor_vehicle=no & motorcycle=yes & moped=yes & mofa=yes & traffic_sign=NL:C6 The problem is the needed opposite tagging, to exclude from motor_vehicle, a multi_tracked_motor_vehicle would be welcome. Now we see, that often for small groups categories the tagging is not correct. A negative effect for those. Better to avoid "these needed opposite" tagging. This argument gives impulse to use good overthought collective categories, such as dt_motor_vehicle, st_motor_vehicles.

A group for moped and mofa, difficult, these are low_speed_single_tracked_motor_vehicle. lsst_motor_vehicle. Just a thought.

Overall it is not easy to place new categories in the middle of the access diagram.
This have a major impact in routing scripts.



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