On 02/09/2011 11:58 AM, Jed Rothwell wrote: > Stephen A. Lawrence <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> wrote: > > > The steam can NOT exit the tube going faster unless IT IS HOTTER. > > You've got a fixed flow rate in moles per minute, man -- doesn't > that mean anything to you? > > > It isn't fixed at the outlet. It comes out as fast as it likes. Only > the inlet rate is fixed.
Of course it's fixed at the output! What goes in comes out, and the flow rate, in *MOLES PER MINUTE*, is fixed!! It can come out faster than it goes in *for* *a* *short* *while*, duration determined by the size of the reactor's internal water reservoir. If the reactor's water reservoir is large enough to make a big difference then the whole test was garbage anyway: the calculations were based on the assumption that what came out was equal to what went in. > > Let's turn it back vertically again. > > Suppose you have an open pot of boiling water. You pour make up water > from the tap into a pot at a fixed rate. The steam might leave slowly > in which case the pot will overflow, with hot water pouring out onto > your stove. Or if the flame is hot enough, the water molecules "spread > out" so that more water leaves until the pot boils dry. From then on, > as soon as the make-up water falls into the pot, it flashes into > steam. However, when you measure the steam temperature it is always > just over 100 deg C. Lower the atmospheric pressure, and the > temperature drops. Your model is wrong. In an open, hot, dry pot, into which some water is being dribbled, most of the heat is being dumped as radiation and conduction to the air. A small fraction is coming out in the 100C steam. And it's at 100C because as soon as it turns to steam it moves away from the heating element, which is the bottom of the pot. In the Rossi device, if the calorimetry is worth anything, nearly all the heat is coming out in the steam. This is more like a kettle with a narrow neck than an open pot, and in a kettle which has been boiled dry, you sure can get steam at more than 100C, because the water vapor inside the kettle can't immediately get away from the heating element, which is the bottom and sides of the kettle. (And no, the pressure in a dry kettle doesn't go significantly above 1 atm. The narrow neck just restricts air exchange, so the steam must stick around for a while rather than immediately being convected away. It doesn't push the pressure up.) > > The Rossi tube overflows at first, with water, then it spits out water > and steam mixed together. It doesn't turn into dry steam until you > reach a steady state like the pot boiled dry with new water flowing > into it and flashing into steam. And if the reactor is putting out an extra 500 watts over and above the amount to exactly vaporize the water, exactly *where* do you think that extra 500 watts is going? PV = nRT has not been repealed for the special case of the Rossi device.
