On Dec 4, 2011, at 4:09 AM, Peter Heckert wrote:
Am 04.12.2011 13:40, schrieb Horace Heffner:
I am familiar with air ions. The phenomenon measured by Bill
Beaty in the presence of much water vapor, and having nano-amp
current, I think is not made of non-polarized air molecules, but
of a contiguous string of polarized molecules. Here is one way to
tell:
http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg20467.html
Note: the water bridge lost stability in the presence of carbon
dioxide, due to ion conduction. Bill Beaty's air bridge worked
better in the presence of carbon dioxide. I think this is because
it is the structure of the thread that permits proton conduction,
and the CO2 molecule works just as well as an H2O molecule in that
structure for that purpose.
Yes the CO2 effect in water is easyly explained:
CO2 dissolves in water and makes it conductive. The current will
increase.
This causes breakdown of voltage and electrostatic forces.
Yes, this was nicely explained in the video - an excellent presentation.
If the HV supply is stron enough to maintain the voltage, the water
will
boil and this interrupts the thread.
The video you referenced earlier said that boiling (at least light
boiling) did not disrupt the water bridge. In fact when the water was
cooled with ice the water bridge it became unstable. It was stable
all the way up to and including boiling conditions.
I will try to use the term water bridge for the thick suspended water
bridge experiments, vs "air thread" for Bill Beaty's experiments. I
think "water thread" far better describes Bill Beaty's experiments,
and that was the source of my earlier confusion.
I have observed the air threads in dry air. Of course they are not
visible,
but the effects can be observed.
The air blow, if directed on easy to move objects like hair or
feathers or
wool moves them.
This sounds more like actual ion breeze, not and air thread similar
to Bill Beaty's. I've done similar experiments.
I believe this are threads in air, that are charged and also are
electrically conductive.
This means, as soon as the tread is interrupted, there will be a
strong voltage difference
at the interrupted position. This generates electrostatic forces
that again close the gap.
This could be disproved by the circuit I provided.
It is very similar to the water thread mechanism, it is a flow-
force equilibrium.
The currents in air are microamperes and nanoamperes, I have
measured them too.
This is more easy to do than most people think.
You can easily use a DVM to measure nanoampere currents.
Typically a DVM has an inner resistance of 10 MOhm.
If it displays a voltage of 1 millivolt, then this equals a current
of 0.1 nanoamperes.
Yes. This is what Bill Beaty did. I've used this technique myself,
but not in this application.
The instrument must be protected with a neonbulb and filter
capacitors , to
avoid destruction by HV and to avoid mismeasurements caused by RF
frequencies.
100 Nanoampere * 10 kV = 1 mW. This is enough energy to make a
considerable air blow.
Calculate the mechanical equivalent.
I have done these experiments and I think experiments have more
evidency than
calculations, sorry ;-).
The experiments are meaningless if they are not of actual air
threads, but merely ion breezes.
best regards, Peter
Best regards,
Horace Heffner
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/
