At 05:28 PM 12/29/2012, Daniel Rocha wrote:
That's not correct. There is a theory that considers cold fusion as
a variation of conventional hot fusion. This is Takahashi's TSC theory.
Eek. No. TSC theory isn't "a variation of hot fusion." But maybe you
could define the words to make it so.
TSC is a tetrahedron of hydrogens bound by coherent electrons, which
also happen to be in a tetrahedral form, overlapping the protons. As
you know, 2 tetrahedrons are shaped into an octahedron. Although
this is a rare instance, it makes the hydrogena collapse all the way
into atomic size. The electrons absorb the huge potential energies
from the protons, so there is no emission of energy up to that point.
Well, perhaps you understand Takahashi better than I. But he
certainly does not state it this way.
The collapse is a "condensation." It is not forced. The collapse is
like that of a Bose-Einstein Condensate.
The reaction is certainly not like hot fusion. It's 4-body fusion,
for starters. Takahashi has recently provided a version of his theory
that deals with hydrogen. I'm not dealing with that.
The actual fusion happens when the condensate reaches a minimum
distance. At that point, the nuclei are close enough that normal
tunneling produces fusion, 100%, within a femtosecond. In normal hot
fusion, the nuclei would not be close enough to each other for there
to be enough time, and the simultaneous fusion of four nuclei would
be far, far too rate. The proposed reaction could only take place at
very *low* temperatures. The starting condition is probably low
mutual momentum between two deuterium molecules in confinement.
Otherwise they would be able to reach the TS condition withut dissociating.
There are several things that can happen after the collapse, but
what happens in general is that in usual hot fusion you have the
entrance of 2 particles, always, in TSC you everything is
synchronized to 3 or more bodies to react.
He's only analyzed the symmetrical 4-body problem. Takahashi has
*not* detailed what happens after fusion.
So, with several bodies, the energy levels of the system is
extremely divided until it emitted in bundles of XUV to low energy
xrays. That is, around 0.5KeV to 10KeV. This energy is extremely
well absorbed by all kinds of matter, in fact, it is of the best
absorbed wave bands and even something as thin as 1 micrometer or a
few micrometers of air can absorb killowatts without any trace of
the original radiation.
This is why studies of the Solar Corona are mostly done in balloons
or space given that they also happen to shine in this wavelength and
any thin atmosphere may absorb all of the original photons.
2012/12/29 Mark Gibbs <<mailto:[email protected]>[email protected]>
Let's see if I'm understanding this correctly: The theory was that
nuclear reactions cannot occur in a system such as P&F's. This
theory was falsified which means that nuclear reactions can (and did) occur.
Daniel did not respond to what was said. What Mark wrote was correct,
except for a quibble. It would be more accurate that the prior
application of quantum mechanics to the condensed matter environment
led to the prediction that fusion could not occur at any appreciable
rate. Pons and Fleischmann falsified that with their experiment,
which were designed to test the prediction (not to discover a new
energy source). The falsificaiton was not complete until the nuclear
ash was discovered and demonstrated to be correlated with evolved
anomalous heat.
There is other evidence for nuclear reactions in condensed matter,
but the heat/helium evidence is far stronger, because of the
correlated effects.
What is true about Daniel's reponse is that Takahashi's TSC theory
uses standard quantum field theory. Most of us connected with the
field are of the opinion that no truly new physics is involved,
merely a failure to anticipate and apply already-existing physics to
unexpected conditions. Who would have thought of calculating the rate
of 4-body fusion, for example?
(A particle physicist, accustomed to plasma conditions, would think
that if 2-body fusion is rare, 3-body fusion is rare upon rare, and
4-body fusion would be downright ridiculous. However, Takahashi was
put in the trail of multibody fusion by his experimental finding
that, with *hot fusion*, in experiments where palladium deuteride was
bombarded by deuterons, the 3-body fusion rate was enhanced by 10^26
over naive expectation. That's *huge*.)
