The higher the energy, the smaller the body, going down from outer electron shells to individual nucleons and, presumably, quarks. But as the size decreases, the probability of an interaction will no doubt go down in corresponding measure, because the size of the targets decreases as well. So by the time you get to gammas, they will largely pass through a region of interest. For photons of high enough energy, the mean free path generally goes up, meaning they travel farther and farther through the material. Once we're at gammas, I believe a typical metal will be largely transparent to them.
This is a false assumption. Nanoplasmoics show strong coupling between light and electrons at 10 to the minus 8 power of the wavelength of light. This same ability to couple gammas to electrons external to the nucleus is probable. On Wed, Apr 3, 2013 at 11:20 PM, Eric Walker <[email protected]> wrote: > On Wed, Apr 3, 2013 at 11:18 AM, David Roberson <[email protected]>wrote: > > The only way I can understand an operation of this type is to assume that >> the nuclei are connected electro magnetically to a strong degree. Maybe >> entangled would work, but the coupling would need to be strong. And if >> entangled, a very large number of resonators would need this coupling to >> share the load adequately. >> > > Dave, while we're taking bets, let me add in mine -- about gammas, my bet > agrees largely with Jones's and yours. The important detail is that gammas > only occur via secondary reactions. > > Here is the rationale. Photons at different energies have corresponding > wavelengths, and the wavelengths determine what the photons are likely to > interact with. Photons of long wavelength will interact with large bodies > and photons of short wavelength will interact with increasingly smaller > bodies. A similar thing appears to apply to electrons -- there is an > exciting experiment where they think they're able to start putting together > a 3D map of the internals of the proton (the location of the quarks and > gluons) [1]. They do this with electrons in the GeV range. I think this > means the de Broglie waves are very narrow, so the electrons can interact > with something as small as a quark in a proton. > > For photons in the lattice of a metal, they will interact with different > bodies according to their wavelength (and energy) as well. Photons in the > eV will interact with outer shell metal lattice electrons and electrons > orbiting hydrogen atoms, and photons in the keV will interact with metal > inner shell electrons. A photon in the MeV or thereabouts (i.e., a gamma > photon) will interact with nuclei and nucleons. At high enough energies > you get photodisentigration, where a nucleon is knocked out of a nucleus, > and so forth. > > The higher the energy, the smaller the body, going down from outer > electron shells to individual nucleons and, presumably, quarks. But as the > size decreases, the probability of an interaction will no doubt go down in > corresponding measure, because the size of the targets decreases as well. > So by the time you get to gammas, they will largely pass through a region > of interest. For photons of high enough energy, the mean free path > generally goes up, meaning they travel farther and farther through the > material. Once we're at gammas, I believe a typical metal will be largely > transparent to them. > > This is all basic stuff, and any physicists reading this will have > encountered these ideas in the first year of their education. And I > suspect that is a big reason they don't take LENR seriously -- they expect > nuclear reactions to produce gammas, and common sense says that there can't > be any gammas being produced when you look at what actually happens in the > LENR experiments. On this point, it makes a lot of sense to me that they > are correct. > > If there are no gammas, then (1) there is no fusion, except perhaps a > trivial kind that doesn't really deserve to be called fusion, or (2) there > is real fusion, and there is a modification of the branching ratios or > perhaps entirely new branches. An example of a new branch would be: > > d + d → 4He + M, > > where M is a nearby nucleus that shares the energy of the reaction as a > spectator (all of this should be familiar as Ron Maimon's idea). This > conserves momentum somehow. Robin has proposed similar scenarios involving > hydrinos, so I take the general idea seriously that branches involving > gammas can be systematically suppressed under the right conditions. This > would definitely be different than normal fusion. > > Eric > > > [1] http://phys.org/news/2013-04-quarks-dictate-proton.html > >
