http://www.physlink.com/education/askexperts/ae565.cfm
The strong force attracts protons to protons or neutrons to neutrons. In the case of protons to protons, the strong force loses strength after the distance and succumbs to the electromagnetic force which pushes the protons apart. In this case the force carrier of electromagnetics is the photon (constituent of light). So in the nucleus there is a delicate balance of the strong force pulling the atoms in to each other and the electromagnetic force which pushes protons apart. It is only when they are so close together does the attractive strong force overpower the electrostatic. Quarks interact via the color (or strong) force, by the exchange of the color force carriers gluons. In short, quarks are attracted to each other and held together (in certain allowed combinations) by the "color force" or "strong force". How, then, do protons and neutrons hold each other together? This can be described as a "leakage" or "residue" of the color force between the quarks of the proton and the quarks of the neutron that pulls the proton and the neutron together. This residual color force therefore manifests itself as the strong nuclear force that binds "nucleons" -- a collective term for protons and neutrons in the nucleus -- together. What is Meson? It is a new fundamental particle which oscillates back and forth in between closed nucleons with a velocity which is comparable to the velocity of light. This particle is detected by various radiation experiments. These particles can be positively, negatively charged or can be electrically neutral. Mesons are about 275 times heavier than electrons. In the presence of any type of charge, these particles interact with protons and neutrons. Due to this interaction, protons may change into neutrons and a neutrons may change into protons over a small period of time. Proton + negative meson = Neutron Neutron + positive meson = Proton This exchange of meson particle in between the closed nucleons results in a force of attraction between protons and neutrons. Therefore in the nucleus, protons and neutrons are continually changing into each other as virtual mesons are exchanged between these nucleons as positive charge is exchanged. In more detail, the protons must feel a repulsive force from the other neighboring protons. This is where the strong nuclear force comes in. The strong nuclear force is created between nucleons by the exchange of particles called mesons. This exchange can be likened to constantly hitting a ping-pong ball or a tennis ball back and forth between two people. As long as this meson exchange can happen, the strong force is able to hold the participating nucleons together. The nucleons must be extremely close together in order for this exchange to happen. The distance required is about the diameter of a proton or a neutron. If a proton or neutron can get closer than this distance to another nucleon, the exchange of mesons can occur because of the mass of the mason where mass of a exchange particle is proportional to the lifetime and range of the particle. The particles will stick to each other. If they can't get that close, the strong force is too weak to make them stick together, and other competing forces (usually the electromagnetic force) can influence the particles to move apart. As in the case of the diproton, once the EMF repulsive force of the proton and the mason is removed (screened), the phonons in the metal lattice will get the proton and the nucleus together close enough for the strong force to share mesons between them in the nucleus. This is where LENR comes from. Furthermore, because the masons no longer can exchange charge between protons and neutrons, the nucleus will tend to fall apart: fission. On Sat, Apr 27, 2013 at 3:20 AM, <[email protected]> wrote: > In reply to Joseph S. Barrera III's message of Fri, 26 Apr 2013 23:21:56 > -0700: > Hi, > [snip] > >On 4/26/2013 11:11 PM, [email protected] wrote: > > > > > IMO (and I emphasize opinion), there is no nuclear force between like > >signed > > > nucleons. I.e. protons do not attract one another, nor do neutrons. > > > >Your opinion is wrong. > > >In fact the term nucleon stems from the > >observation that neutrons and protons are equivalent from the viewpoint > >of the strong force. > > The origin of the word is hardly proof of the concept, nor proof that my > opinion > is wrong. > > > > >- Joe > Regards, > > Robin van Spaandonk > > http://rvanspaa.freehostia.com/project.html > >
